US3868924A - Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into semiconductor material - Google Patents
Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into semiconductor material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3868924A US3868924A US295173A US29517372A US3868924A US 3868924 A US3868924 A US 3868924A US 295173 A US295173 A US 295173A US 29517372 A US29517372 A US 29517372A US 3868924 A US3868924 A US 3868924A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- semiconductor material
- silicon
- heatable
- indiffusing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B31/00—Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; Apparatus therefor
- C30B31/06—Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; Apparatus therefor by contacting with diffusion material in the gaseous state
- C30B31/10—Reaction chambers; Selection of materials therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B31/00—Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; Apparatus therefor
- C30B31/06—Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; Apparatus therefor by contacting with diffusion material in the gaseous state
- C30B31/12—Heating of the reaction chamber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
- Y10S118/90—Semiconductor vapor doping
Definitions
- the apparatus comprises a heatable tube of the same semiconductor material, the wall of which is from 0.5 to 20 mm thick and is gas-tight under reaction conditions.
- Heating means include an induction -coi1 spaced from the heatable tube and a relatively narrow graphite ring fixed about the tube to accelerate such heating.
- a known apparatus for indiffusing dopants into a semiconductor material comprises a scalable graphite tube wherein both wafers of the semiconductor material to be coated, and the dopant substance are accommodated.
- the graphite tube is connected to voltage and heated to diffusion temperature.
- the heated graphite tube is surrounded by a quartz tube, through which an inert gas is passed. This inert gas cools the quartz tube and thus prevents impurities in the atmosphere from contacting the semiconductor material to be coated.
- this apparatus is relatively expensive, however. Moreover, the semiconductor material must not come into contact with the graphite tube since, at the diffusion temperatures the carbon reacts undesirably with the semiconductor material. Hence, the graphite tube is provided with special holders, which prevent the semiconductor wafers and the graphite tube from contacting each other.
- quartz tubes or quartz ampules which are heated in a diffusion furnace.
- the use of quartz tubes or ampules entails similarly, the problem of preventing the semiconductor wafers from contacting the quartz.
- a support disc is usually provided between to semiconductor wafers in such a quartz tube. The semiconductor wafers are so pressed in between the support disc that they do not contact the quartz tube at any point along its circumference.
- the use of a plurality of such support discs naturally results in less semiconductor wafers being doped during one operating process.
- the use of quartz tubes also has the disadvantage that the diffusion temperature is limited to approximately l,200 C. since at this temperature, quartz softens.
- the supporting discs prevent the quartz tube from compressing the wafers to be diffused and from damaging them when the quartz tube, following diffusion, is removed.
- the diffusion speed is relatively low at l,200 C.
- the use of quartz tubes moreover, demands special diffusion furnaces, since neither direct heating nor induction heating is applicable.
- Our invention is to devise an arrangement of the aforedescribed type, which makes such a vacuum chamber superfluous, thus simplifying the apparatus.
- Our invention starts with apparatus for the indiffusion of dopants into a semiconductor material provided with a heatable tube consisting of the same semiconductor material.
- the invention is characterized by the fact that the wall of the tube is 0.5 to 20 mm thick and therefore virtually gas-tight under the indiffusion conditions.
- the tube is preferably a bored out rod of a crystalline semiconductor material. it may also consist, however, of semiconductor material precipitated through thermal dissociation of a gaseous compound of the semiconductor material, on a heated carrier body, with the carrier body being removed following precipitation of the semiconductor material.
- the tube itself constitutes the heating body.
- its ends may be provided with electrodes or they may be enclosed by an induction coil.
- an induction coil To facilitate the heating up of the tube, during induction heating, a ring of material with good conductance properties may be placed upon the tube.
- the tube may be sealed on both sides for carrying out the diffusion process.
- the dopant and the semiconductor material are placed into the interior of the tube, prior to the sealing thereof,
- the tube may also be open on both sides, and the dopant together with an inert carrier gas, traversing the tube.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 has, primarily, a tube 1 of a crystalline semiconductor material, for example silicon which may have a wall thickness of about 0.5 to 20 mm.
- a ground section 2 is provided at its left end, of the tube 1 with ground stopper 3, e.g., of quartz fitted thereinto.
- the stopper 3 has an opening 4 to the interior 5 of the tube 1.
- the right side of the tube 1 has a ground section 7 with a stopper 6 hermetically fitted thereinto.
- the stopper 6 has an opening 8, which connects to the interior 5 of the tube.
- the interior 5 of the tube 1 contains semiconductor wafers ll, e.g., of silicon, which are held in their position by two support discs 9 and 10.
- the support discs are preferably of the same semiconductor material as discs 11, but may be of another material such as ceramic.
- the tube 1 is provided in the vicinity of its ends, with two annular electrodes 12 and 13, which have leads 14 or 15 connected to a voltage source (not shown in detail).
- the diffusion process is effected by first of all arranging the semiconductor wafers 11 between support discs 9 and 10, in the interior of the tube 1. Thereafter, stoppers 3 and 6 are gas-tightly placed in the tube and the nipples 4 or 8 of stoppers 3 and 6 respectively are connected to the dopant source.
- the other nipple serves as the waste outlet.
- the doping substance is preferably carried by an inert gas, e.g., argon, through the interior of the tube. If n-doping is desired, a preferred substance is phosphorus in the form of P 0 PC];, or (PNCI PH is also a suitable dopant.
- the carrier gas may be a noble gas such as argon or helium or another inert gas.
- a voltage source is applied to the tube 1 via both electrodes 12 and 13 and both leads l4 and 15.
- the voltage is such that the current required for heating-up tube 1 flows.
- the voltage also depends on the conductivity of the semiconductor material.
- the voltage required for starting the heating-up process can be relatively low.
- the conductivity of the tube then becomes independent of the doping of the semiconductor material and is essentially determined by the dimensions of the tube.
- the tube is preferably of the same semiconductor material, as wafers-ll.
- a tube of crystalline silicon is employed. Such a tube can be created by drilling out a rod of crystalline silicon.
- the tube may also comprise silicon which is precipitated through thermal dissociation of a gaseous compound of the silicon, on a heated carrier body, with the carrier body being removed following the precipitation of the silicon. Contrary to layers of sintered silicon, this precipitated layer of crystalline silicon, is highly gas-impermeable, at an appropriate wall thickness.
- a silicon tube has the further advantage that it is heatable to much higher temperatures than quartz, without the resulting loss of its mechanical stability and its gas impermeability, as in the case of the former.
- this means that the diffusion process may be fundamentally accelerated compared to a diffusion in a quartz tube or a quartz ampule. Since the semiconductor wafers 1, in this instance the silicon wafers, do notenter into a chemical reaction with the silicon of the tube 1, the latter may be seated directly on the wall of the tube 1. It is sufficient, therefore, to provide only two support discs, as holders for the wafers.
- FIG. 2 shows another embodiment according to the invention.
- This arrangement is essentially a tube 18, consisting of an homogenous, crystalline semiconductor material, for example silicon.
- the tube 18 is gastightly sealed with two lids l9 and 20, which consist of the same semiconductor material.
- the tube 18 is surrounded by induction coil 21.
- a ring 22 of a material with good conductance properties, such as graphite, is seated upon the tube 18.
- the interior of the tube 18 is provided with two support discs 23 and 24, with semiconductor wafers 25, for example of silicon arranged therebetween.
- a boat 26 holding the dopant is in the interior of the tube. This boat consists preferably of the same material as the tube 18.
- lid 20 is placed upon the tube and welded gas-tightly to the tube 18, in a vacuum or protective gas, with the aid of high-frequency energy.
- boat 26, the support discs 23 and 24 and the semiconductor wafers 25, are placed into the tube interior.
- lid 19 is placed upon the tube and is welded gas-tightly with the tube 18 in a vacuum or in protective gas with the aid of high-frequency energy.
- a high-frequency voltage is applied to the induction heating zone, starting from the zone of the tube adjacent to the graphite ring, expands across the entire length of the tube. The'temperature of the tube is determined thereby, by the high-frequency current.
- Embodiments other than those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are feasible. It is possible, for example, to use the resistance heat shown in FIG. 1 in a completely closed tube according to FIG. 2. Conversely, an open tube of a compound of the dopant, passed by a carrier gas, according to FIG. 1, may also be heated by an induction heat, according to FIG. 2.
- the invention is not limited to a device for the diffusion of wafers comprising silicon, with tubes made of silicon. It is also possible to use tubes of for example, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, indium phosphide, gallium arsenide, boron nitride of germanium.
- Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into a semiconductor material which comprises a heatable tube of the same semiconductor material in which the semiconductor material is accommodated and in which the doping substance is found, the wall of the tube is from 0.5 to 20 mm thick, is virtually gas-tight under diffusion conditions, a relatively narrow high conductivity ring is on said heatable tube, and an induction coil surrounds the circumference of said heatable tube.
- the tube is of a semiconductor material selected from silicon, germanium, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, indium phosphide, gallium arsenide and boron nitride.
- each end of said tube is covered with a lid of the same semiconductor material as said tube.
- each of said stoppers being formed with an opening, the opening in one of said stoppers serving for the introduction of doping substance.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus for indiffusing dopant into a semiconductor material. The apparatus comprises a heatable tube of the same semiconductor material, the wall of which is from 0.5 to 20 mm thick and is gas-tight under reaction conditions. Heating means include an induction coil spaced from the heatable tube and a relatively narrow graphite ring fixed about the tube to accelerate such heating.
Description
United States Patent 11 1 Reuschel et al.
APPARATUS FOR INDIFFUSING DOPANTS INTO SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL Inventors: Konrad Reuschel, Vaterstetten;
Wolfgang Keller, Pretzfeld; Arno Kersting, Erlangen; Reimer Emeis, Ebermannstadt, all of Germany Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft,
Berlin/Munich, Germany Filed: Oct. 5, 1972 Appl. No.: 295,173
Related U.S. Application Data Continuation of Ser. No. 50,087, June 26, 1970, abandoned.
Foreign Application Priority Data June 30, 1969 Germany 1933128 u.s. c1 118/49, 13/26, 219/1049 Int. Cl. C23c 13/08 Field of Search 118/48-49.5;
1111 3,868,924 Mar. 4, 1975 Primary E.\'aminerMorris 'Kaplan Attorney, Agent, or FirmHerbert L. Lerner ABSTRACT Apparatus for indiffusing dopant into a semiconductor 'material. The apparatus comprises a heatable tube of the same semiconductor material, the wall of which is from 0.5 to 20 mm thick and is gas-tight under reaction conditions. Heating means include an induction -coi1 spaced from the heatable tube and a relatively narrow graphite ring fixed about the tube to accelerate such heating.
4 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures APPARATUS FOR INDIFFUSING DOPANTS INTO SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL This is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 50,087, filed June 26, l970, and now abandoned.
A known apparatus for indiffusing dopants into a semiconductor material comprises a scalable graphite tube wherein both wafers of the semiconductor material to be coated, and the dopant substance are accommodated. To effect diffusion, the graphite tube is connected to voltage and heated to diffusion temperature. The heated graphite tube is surrounded by a quartz tube, through which an inert gas is passed. This inert gas cools the quartz tube and thus prevents impurities in the atmosphere from contacting the semiconductor material to be coated.
The construction of this apparatus is relatively expensive, however. Moreover, the semiconductor material must not come into contact with the graphite tube since, at the diffusion temperatures the carbon reacts undesirably with the semiconductor material. Hence, the graphite tube is provided with special holders, which prevent the semiconductor wafers and the graphite tube from contacting each other.
It is also known to diffuse dopants into a semiconductor material by utilization of quartz tubes or quartz ampules which are heated in a diffusion furnace. The use of quartz tubes or ampules entails similarly, the problem of preventing the semiconductor wafers from contacting the quartz. To this end, a support disc is usually provided between to semiconductor wafers in such a quartz tube. The semiconductor wafers are so pressed in between the support disc that they do not contact the quartz tube at any point along its circumference. The use of a plurality of such support discs naturally results in less semiconductor wafers being doped during one operating process. The use of quartz tubes also has the disadvantage that the diffusion temperature is limited to approximately l,200 C. since at this temperature, quartz softens. The supporting discs prevent the quartz tube from compressing the wafers to be diffused and from damaging them when the quartz tube, following diffusion, is removed. The diffusion speed is relatively low at l,200 C. The use of quartz tubes, moreover, demands special diffusion furnaces, since neither direct heating nor induction heating is applicable.
it had also been suggested to provide a heatable tube of the same semiconductor material, instead of a quartz or graphite tube, for diffusion to take place. This type of tube can withstand higher temperatures than a tube of quartz or graphite for example, thus allowing the diffusion process to be accelerated. Furthermore, the material to be coated may come into contact with the tubular wall without producing adverse results. The semiconductor tube of the prior art, is installed into a vacuum chamber, wherein the tube is heated to effect diffusion.
Our invention is to devise an arrangement of the aforedescribed type, which makes such a vacuum chamber superfluous, thus simplifying the apparatus. Our invention starts with apparatus for the indiffusion of dopants into a semiconductor material provided with a heatable tube consisting of the same semiconductor material. The invention is characterized by the fact that the wall of the tube is 0.5 to 20 mm thick and therefore virtually gas-tight under the indiffusion conditions. The tube is preferably a bored out rod of a crystalline semiconductor material. it may also consist, however, of semiconductor material precipitated through thermal dissociation of a gaseous compound of the semiconductor material, on a heated carrier body, with the carrier body being removed following precipitation of the semiconductor material.
' Preferably, the tube itself constitutes the heating body. For this purpose, its ends may be provided with electrodes or they may be enclosed by an induction coil. To facilitate the heating up of the tube, during induction heating, a ring of material with good conductance properties may be placed upon the tube. The tube may be sealed on both sides for carrying out the diffusion process. The dopant and the semiconductor material are placed into the interior of the tube, prior to the sealing thereof, However, the tube may also be open on both sides, and the dopant together with an inert carrier gas, traversing the tube.
The invention further illustrated by the drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through another embodiment of the invention.
The arrangement of FIG. 1 has, primarily, a tube 1 of a crystalline semiconductor material, for example silicon which may have a wall thickness of about 0.5 to 20 mm. A ground section 2 is provided at its left end, of the tube 1 with ground stopper 3, e.g., of quartz fitted thereinto. The stopper 3 has an opening 4 to the interior 5 of the tube 1. The right side of the tube 1 has a ground section 7 with a stopper 6 hermetically fitted thereinto. The stopper 6 has an opening 8, which connects to the interior 5 of the tube. The interior 5 of the tube 1 contains semiconductor wafers ll, e.g., of silicon, which are held in their position by two support discs 9 and 10. The support discs are preferably of the same semiconductor material as discs 11, but may be of another material such as ceramic. The tube 1 is provided in the vicinity of its ends, with two annular electrodes 12 and 13, which have leads 14 or 15 connected to a voltage source (not shown in detail).
The diffusion process is effected by first of all arranging the semiconductor wafers 11 between support discs 9 and 10, in the interior of the tube 1. Thereafter, stoppers 3 and 6 are gas-tightly placed in the tube and the nipples 4 or 8 of stoppers 3 and 6 respectively are connected to the dopant source. The other nipple serves as the waste outlet. The doping substance is preferably carried by an inert gas, e.g., argon, through the interior of the tube. If n-doping is desired, a preferred substance is phosphorus in the form of P 0 PC];, or (PNCI PH is also a suitable dopant. The carrier gas may be a noble gas such as argon or helium or another inert gas.
To obtain required diffusion temperature, a voltage source is applied to the tube 1 via both electrodes 12 and 13 and both leads l4 and 15. The voltage is such that the current required for heating-up tube 1 flows. In addition to being dependent upon the dimensions of the tube, the voltage also depends on the conductivity of the semiconductor material.
If a highly-doped semiconductor material, which is relatively easy to produce, is used for the tube, the voltage required for starting the heating-up process, can be relatively low. When a certain heating-up temperature is attained, the conductivity of the tube then becomes independent of the doping of the semiconductor material and is essentially determined by the dimensions of the tube.
The tube is preferably of the same semiconductor material, as wafers-ll. For example, when the wafers 11 comprise silicon, a tube of crystalline silicon is employed. Such a tube can be created by drilling out a rod of crystalline silicon. The tube may also comprise silicon which is precipitated through thermal dissociation of a gaseous compound of the silicon, on a heated carrier body, with the carrier body being removed following the precipitation of the silicon. Contrary to layers of sintered silicon, this precipitated layer of crystalline silicon, is highly gas-impermeable, at an appropriate wall thickness. Thus, for example, in a tube having a wall thickness of 2 mm, a tubular length of 150 mm and an inner diameter of 20 mm, a leakage rate of only 3-I0' Torr liter/s, was established. Satisfactory results were obtained even at a wall thickness of about 0.5 mm. The upper limit is about mm since no further improvements can be obtained above this limit.
The use of a silicon tube has the further advantage that it is heatable to much higher temperatures than quartz, without the resulting loss of its mechanical stability and its gas impermeability, as in the case of the former. In practice this means that the diffusion process may be fundamentally accelerated compared to a diffusion in a quartz tube or a quartz ampule. Since the semiconductor wafers 1, in this instance the silicon wafers, do notenter into a chemical reaction with the silicon of the tube 1, the latter may be seated directly on the wall of the tube 1. It is sufficient, therefore, to provide only two support discs, as holders for the wafers.
FIG. 2 shows another embodiment according to the invention. This arrangement is essentially a tube 18, consisting of an homogenous, crystalline semiconductor material, for example silicon. The tube 18 is gastightly sealed with two lids l9 and 20, which consist of the same semiconductor material. The tube 18 is surrounded by induction coil 21. A ring 22 of a material with good conductance properties, such as graphite, is seated upon the tube 18. The interior of the tube 18 is provided with two support discs 23 and 24, with semiconductor wafers 25, for example of silicon arranged therebetween. A boat 26 holding the dopant is in the interior of the tube. This boat consists preferably of the same material as the tube 18.
Firstly, the lid 20 is placed upon the tube and welded gas-tightly to the tube 18, in a vacuum or protective gas, with the aid of high-frequency energy. Thereafter, the boat 26, the support discs 23 and 24 and the semiconductor wafers 25, are placed into the tube interior. Finally, lid 19 is placed upon the tube and is welded gas-tightly with the tube 18 in a vacuum or in protective gas with the aid of high-frequency energy. Thereafter, a high-frequency voltage is applied to the induction heating zone, starting from the zone of the tube adjacent to the graphite ring, expands across the entire length of the tube. The'temperature of the tube is determined thereby, by the high-frequency current.
The same advantage as for embodiment according to FIG. 1 therefore applies for the embodiment according to FIG. 2. Here too, a considerably higher diffusion temperature and thus a higher diffusion-speed can be obtained than for example, in a quartz ampule. The semiconductor wafers 25, for example of silicon, may be seated without difficulty on the wall of the tube 18 when the tube also consists of silicon, for instance. No chemical reaction occurs then between the silicon wafers and the tubular wall.
Embodiments other than those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are feasible. It is possible, for example, to use the resistance heat shown in FIG. 1 in a completely closed tube according to FIG. 2. Conversely, an open tube of a compound of the dopant, passed by a carrier gas, according to FIG. 1, may also be heated by an induction heat, according to FIG. 2. The invention is not limited to a device for the diffusion of wafers comprising silicon, with tubes made of silicon. It is also possible to use tubes of for example, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, indium phosphide, gallium arsenide, boron nitride of germanium.
We claim:
1. Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into a semiconductor material which comprises a heatable tube of the same semiconductor material in which the semiconductor material is accommodated and in which the doping substance is found, the wall of the tube is from 0.5 to 20 mm thick, is virtually gas-tight under diffusion conditions, a relatively narrow high conductivity ring is on said heatable tube, and an induction coil surrounds the circumference of said heatable tube.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tube is of a semiconductor material selected from silicon, germanium, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, indium phosphide, gallium arsenide and boron nitride.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein each end of said tube is covered with a lid of the same semiconductor material as said tube.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 including stopper closing each end of said tube, each of said stoppers, being formed with an opening, the opening in one of said stoppers serving for the introduction of doping substance.
Claims (4)
1. APPARATUS FOR INDIFFUSING DOPANTS INTO A SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL WHICH COMPRISES A HEATABLE TUBE OF THE SAME SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL IN WHICH THE SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL IS ACCOMMODATED AND IN WHICH THE DOPING SUBSTRATE IS FOUND, THE WALL OF THE TUBE IS FROM 0.5 MM THICK, IS VIRTUALLY GAS-TIGHT UNDER DIFFUSION CONDITIONS, A RELATIVELY NARROW HIGH CONDUCTIVITY RING IS ON SAID HEATABLE TUBE, AND AN INDUCTION COIL SURROUNDS THE CIRCUMFERENCE OF SAID HEATABLE TUBE.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tube is of a semiconductor material selected from silicon, germanium, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, indium phosphide, gallium arsenide and boron nitride.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein each end of said tube is covered with a lid of the same semiconductor material as said tube.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 including stopper closing each end of said tube, each of said stoppers, being formed with an opening, the opening in one of said stoppers serving for the introduction of doping substance.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US295173A US3868924A (en) | 1969-06-30 | 1972-10-05 | Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into semiconductor material |
US05/525,176 US4020791A (en) | 1969-06-30 | 1974-11-19 | Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into semiconductor material |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19691933128 DE1933128C3 (en) | 1969-06-30 | 1969-06-30 | Tube for diffusing dopants into semiconductor bodies |
US5008770A | 1970-06-26 | 1970-06-26 | |
US295173A US3868924A (en) | 1969-06-30 | 1972-10-05 | Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into semiconductor material |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US5008770A Continuation | 1969-06-30 | 1970-06-26 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/525,176 Division US4020791A (en) | 1969-06-30 | 1974-11-19 | Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into semiconductor material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3868924A true US3868924A (en) | 1975-03-04 |
Family
ID=27182016
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US295173A Expired - Lifetime US3868924A (en) | 1969-06-30 | 1972-10-05 | Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into semiconductor material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3868924A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4263336A (en) * | 1979-11-23 | 1981-04-21 | Motorola, Inc. | Reduced pressure induction heated reactor and method |
EP0355658A2 (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1990-02-28 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor diffusion furnace inner tube |
US5645744A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1997-07-08 | The Boeing Company | Retort for achieving thermal uniformity in induction processing of organic matrix composites or metals |
US5728309A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1998-03-17 | The Boeing Company | Method for achieving thermal uniformity in induction processing of organic matrix composites or metals |
US5808281A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1998-09-15 | The Boeing Company | Multilayer susceptors for achieving thermal uniformity in induction processing of organic matrix composites or metals |
US20080127894A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2008-06-05 | Joseph John Sumakeris | Housing assembly for an induction heating device including liner or susceptor coating |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2936246A (en) * | 1958-03-26 | 1960-05-10 | Gen Electric | Burn-resistant phosphors and the method of preparation thereof |
US2948635A (en) * | 1959-01-12 | 1960-08-09 | Gen Electric | Phosphor evaporation method and apparatus |
US3099579A (en) * | 1960-09-09 | 1963-07-30 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Growing and determining epitaxial layer thickness |
US3293074A (en) * | 1963-11-05 | 1966-12-20 | Siemens Ag | Method and apparatus for growing monocrystalline layers on monocrystalline substrates of semiconductor material |
US3492969A (en) * | 1966-02-25 | 1970-02-03 | Siemens Ag | Apparatus for indiffusing impurity in semiconductor members |
-
1972
- 1972-10-05 US US295173A patent/US3868924A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2936246A (en) * | 1958-03-26 | 1960-05-10 | Gen Electric | Burn-resistant phosphors and the method of preparation thereof |
US2948635A (en) * | 1959-01-12 | 1960-08-09 | Gen Electric | Phosphor evaporation method and apparatus |
US3099579A (en) * | 1960-09-09 | 1963-07-30 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Growing and determining epitaxial layer thickness |
US3293074A (en) * | 1963-11-05 | 1966-12-20 | Siemens Ag | Method and apparatus for growing monocrystalline layers on monocrystalline substrates of semiconductor material |
US3492969A (en) * | 1966-02-25 | 1970-02-03 | Siemens Ag | Apparatus for indiffusing impurity in semiconductor members |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4263336A (en) * | 1979-11-23 | 1981-04-21 | Motorola, Inc. | Reduced pressure induction heated reactor and method |
EP0355658A2 (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1990-02-28 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor diffusion furnace inner tube |
EP0355658A3 (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1990-11-22 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor diffusion furnace inner tube |
US5645744A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1997-07-08 | The Boeing Company | Retort for achieving thermal uniformity in induction processing of organic matrix composites or metals |
US5728309A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1998-03-17 | The Boeing Company | Method for achieving thermal uniformity in induction processing of organic matrix composites or metals |
US5808281A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1998-09-15 | The Boeing Company | Multilayer susceptors for achieving thermal uniformity in induction processing of organic matrix composites or metals |
US20080127894A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2008-06-05 | Joseph John Sumakeris | Housing assembly for an induction heating device including liner or susceptor coating |
US7390367B1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2008-06-24 | Cree, Inc. | Housing assembly for an induction heating device including liner or susceptor coating |
US20090136686A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2009-05-28 | Cree, Inc. | Methods for Controllably Induction Heating an Article |
US9155131B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2015-10-06 | Cree, Inc. | Methods for controllably induction heating an article |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4263336A (en) | Reduced pressure induction heated reactor and method | |
US4115163A (en) | Method of growing epitaxial semiconductor films utilizing radiant heating | |
US4293589A (en) | Process for high pressure oxidation of silicon | |
US4347431A (en) | Diffusion furnace | |
US4760244A (en) | Apparatus for the treatment of semiconductor materials | |
US5155062A (en) | Method for silicon carbide chemical vapor deposition using levitated wafer system | |
US4020791A (en) | Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into semiconductor material | |
US3492969A (en) | Apparatus for indiffusing impurity in semiconductor members | |
US3868924A (en) | Apparatus for indiffusing dopants into semiconductor material | |
US3705567A (en) | Device for indiffussing dopants into semiconductor wafers | |
JP2001518706A (en) | Method for thermally recovering silicon carbide semiconductor doped by implantation | |
US3781152A (en) | Apparatus for precipitating a layer of semiconductor material from a gaseous compound of the semiconductor material | |
US2845374A (en) | Semiconductor unit and method of making same | |
JP3689069B2 (en) | SiC wafer oxidation system | |
US3188373A (en) | Device for zone melting | |
US3589953A (en) | Vapor diffusion system for semiconductors | |
US3974561A (en) | Method of producing directly heatable hollow semiconductor bodies | |
US3658032A (en) | Reactor for the formation of material on a substrate | |
JP4022997B2 (en) | Zn diffusion method and diffusion apparatus for group 3-5 compound semiconductor crystal | |
US3477959A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing doped,monocrystalline semiconductor materials | |
US3235418A (en) | Method for producing crystalline layers of high-boiling substances from the gaseous phase | |
US3929556A (en) | Nucleating growth of lead-tin-telluride single crystal with an oriented barium fluoride substrate | |
US3377216A (en) | Method for indiffusion of foreign material into a monocrystalline semiconductor member | |
JPS6224630A (en) | Formation of thermal oxidation film and device therefor | |
US3950479A (en) | Method of producing hollow semiconductor bodies |