US3866306A - Method of hydrostatically extruding compound material and compound billets - Google Patents

Method of hydrostatically extruding compound material and compound billets Download PDF

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Publication number
US3866306A
US3866306A US437652A US43765274A US3866306A US 3866306 A US3866306 A US 3866306A US 437652 A US437652 A US 437652A US 43765274 A US43765274 A US 43765274A US 3866306 A US3866306 A US 3866306A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
core
billet
casing
core part
point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US437652A
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English (en)
Inventor
Torsten Korsell
Hans Larker
Erik Lundblad
Jan Nilsson
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ABB Norden Holding AB
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3866306A publication Critical patent/US3866306A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/007—Hydrostatic extrusion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12229—Intermediate article [e.g., blank, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12271—Intermediate article [e.g., blank, etc.] having discrete fastener, marginal fastening, taper, or end structure
    • Y10T428/12285—Single taper [e.g., ingot, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12292—Workpiece with longitudinal passageway or stopweld material [e.g., for tubular stock, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12306—Workpiece of parallel, nonfastened components [e.g., fagot, pile, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12319—Composite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12326—All metal or with adjacent metals with provision for limited relative movement between components

Definitions

  • the core is provided with a point and the casing has an inwardly directed conical flange within which the point of the core rests.
  • the core is provided with a sealing device for preventing the entry of fluid into the space between the core and the casing.
  • the core is provided at its front end with passages which open into the point of the core and which communicate with the space between the core and the casing, providing an air escape arrangement.
  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing rods, wire or tubes of compound material having a core of one material and a casing surrounding the core of another material, by means of hydrostatic extrusion, and a billet for use in this method.
  • hydrostatic extrusion is meant a process in which a billet is placed in a pressure chamber where it is surrounded by a liquid pressure medium in which such a pressure is generated that the material is forced out through a die having an opening giving a product having the desired cross-section.
  • the method is primarily intended to be used for extruding compound material comprising a core of aluminum or aluminum alloy and a casing of copper, copper alloy or of an aluminum alloy having a composition different from that of the core. However, it can also be used for other combinations of materials.
  • a billet of suitable shape comprises a core having a conical point and a casing surrounding the core.
  • This casing is suitably shaped at one end as a truncated cone so that the casing is axially positioned with respect to the core.
  • a seal which prevents pressure medium from penetrating into the gap between the core and the casing.
  • the billet has a plug of a hard material, normally steel, at the rear end this plug covering the end surfaces of the casing and core and axially positioning the core.
  • the seal may consist of a hat or ring which bridges the joint between the plug and the casing.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,777,362 suggests arranging an air pocket at the rear end of the billet so that the air in the gap can flow into this pocket when the casing is pressed against the core as the pressure increases in the pressure chamber.
  • the air pocket In order to prevent such a pressure increase and to prevent precipitation of water in the gap completely when the tube is compressed, if the air enclosed has normal humidity, the air pocket must be so large that the pressure after compression of the tube is less than the precipitation pressure.
  • normal humidity means the humidity which can practically be maintained in the premises where a core and a casing are combined into a billet.
  • the air in the gap between the core and the casing is evacuated as the pressure is increased in the pressure chamber so that the casing is pressed into contact with the core, thus preventing any pressure increase which would result in precipitation of water.
  • This evacuation is effected by providing a billet of the type described with a channel in its front part, leading from the gap between the easing and the core and opening into or in front of the easing at the point of the core.
  • the channel may consist of one or more grooves at the transition point between the cylindrical part of the core and its point or of a groove inside the conical front part of the casing, said groove extending at least as far as the cylindrical part of the casing.
  • the channel may also comprise one or more apertures in the front part of the billet.
  • core or casing may be provided with one or more axial grooves, at least along the greater part of its length.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a section through a pressure chamber with a billet in place and FIG. 2 shows on a larger scale the front part of a billet of alternative design, and a die.
  • FIG. 1 designates a press table and 2 a pressure generating piston in a hydraulic press, not 0therwise shown, in which there is a cylinder to operate the piston 2.
  • a high pressure cylinder 3 comprises a steel cylinder 4, a strip sheath 5 of pre-stressed rectangular strips having high strength, end pieces 6, seals 8 and 9 and a spacing sleeve 7 to keep the seals axially positioned in the cylinder 4.
  • the cylinder 8, piston 2 and a die 10 form a pressure chamber.
  • a billet 11 comprising a core 12 of aluminum or alumi num alloy and a casing 13 of copper or a copper alloy. Suitable alloys are naturally used in the manufacture of products intended to conduct current. The casing often becomes somewhat oval and bent during annealing.
  • the outer diameter of the core 12 and the inner diam eter of the casing 13 are shown so that the core can easily be inserted into the casing even if the casing has been deformed to a normal extent during annealing and handling.
  • a gap 14 will be formed between the core and the casing.
  • a suitable radial clearance for a core diameter of mm is generally between 1 and 5 mm.
  • a steel plate 15 is inserted at the rear end of the billet.
  • a hatshaped seal 16 of elastomeric material surrounds the rear part of the billet, covering the joint between the plate 15 and the casing 13 and thus preventing the surrounding pressure medium 17 from penetrating into the gap 14.
  • the plate 15 has a shoulder 18 whichprojects into the tube.
  • the shoulder is bevelled along the surface 19.
  • the outer diameter of the shoulder 18 is greater than the inner diameter of the casing 13. Thanks to the shoulder, the plate 15 can be pressed into the casing 13 and expand it when the billet is being put together. This expansion provides good axial positioning of the plate in the casing.
  • the front part of the casing is cut to form a truncated cone 20 which is in abutment with the conical point 21 of the core 12 and thus positions the core axially with respect to the eas-
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 1 shows an axial channel 22 with its mouth at the point of the core outside the conical-part 20 of the casing 13, and a radial channel 23 intersecting the channel 22 and having its mouth in the cylindrical part of the core, that is, in the gap 14.
  • the channels may have a diameter of about
  • the gap 14 communicates with the space 24 between the front part of the billet and the die 1.0, providing a means of evacuation when the casing 13 is pressed against the core 12 under the influence of the pressure medium 17.
  • the core is provided with an axial groove 25 through which air can flow from the rear part of the billet if the casing should be pressed into contact with the core at the front of the billet first.
  • grooves 26 are provided in the core 12 at the transition between its cylindrical part and the point 21.
  • the space 14 will therefore communicate with the space 24 through the grooves 26.
  • One to four grooves have a width of l to 2 mm have been found to be suitable for billets with a core diameter'of 150 mm.
  • the core may be provided with axial grooves 27 but this is not absolutely necessary. It is advisable to make the point 21 of the core blunter than the inlet cone 29 of the die to provide free outlet from the grooves 26 as long as possible.
  • This embodiment also has the advantage that, because of plastic deformation thegrooves are sealed before the point 21 of the core has been entirely pressed into contact with the inlet cone 29 of the die. This prevents lubricant in the inlet cone of the die from being pressed in through the grooves 26 into the gap 14, which would completely prevent adhesion between the casing and the core in the extruded product.
  • the invention may also be used for manufacturing tubes. Obviously the core then con-:
  • Billet for forming rods, wires or tubes of compound material by hydrostatic extrusion comprising a core part of one material having a conical point, a casing part of another material surrounding the core part of substantially greater internal diameter than the external diameter of the core part, so that a space exists within the casing part on the outside of the core part, said casing part being shaped as a truncated cone at one end which is in contact with the conical point of the core part and easing part and axially positions the core part with respect to each other, and sealing means at the rear end of the billet to prevent pressure medium from penetrating into the billet, one of the parts of said billet having an air-escape channel therein adjacent the point (21) of the billet (11) leading from the space (14) between the Vgasi part (13) and the core part (12) and opening into the conical point (21) of the billet (11) outside of the foremost conical section (20) of the casing part (13).
  • the channel comprises an axial groove (26) in the core part (12) at the transition between its point (21) and its cylindrical portion, the mouth of said groove (26) being located outside the conical point (20) of the casing part and in the space (14) between the core part (12) and the easing part (13).
  • the channel comprises a groove on the inside of the conical point (20) of the casing part (13), extending so far into the billet (11) that its mouth is in the space (14) between the core part (12) and the casing part (13).
  • the channel comprises an aperture (22,23) in the core part (12) opening into the point (21) of the core part (12) outside the front (20) ofthe casing part and at the cylindrical portion of the core part (12) in the space (14) between the casing part (13) and the core part (12).
  • Method of manufacturing rods, wire or tubes of compound material having a core part of one material and a casing part surrounding the core part of another material which comprises hydrostatically extruding a billet comprising a core part having a conical point, a casing part surrounding the core part of substantially greater internal diameter than the external diameter of the core part, so that a space exists within the casing part on the outside of the core part, said casing part being shaped as a truncated cone at one end, said cone securing the core part axially with respect to the point of the casing part, and sealing means at the rear end of the ing the desired cross-section, and which comprises expelling air from said space through an opening in one of said parts into the die opening during the extrusion process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
US437652A 1973-01-30 1974-01-29 Method of hydrostatically extruding compound material and compound billets Expired - Lifetime US3866306A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7301245A SE370027B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-30 1973-01-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3866306A true US3866306A (en) 1975-02-18

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US437652A Expired - Lifetime US3866306A (en) 1973-01-30 1974-01-29 Method of hydrostatically extruding compound material and compound billets

Country Status (14)

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US (1) US3866306A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5121948B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT324805B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7400619D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA986883A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH569541A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (2) ES422624A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2215274A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1414277A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IN (1) IN139573B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1009126B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7401133A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE370027B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA74552B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4401729A (en) * 1978-05-17 1983-08-30 Nils Claussen High-strength ceramic laminated tube and the production and use thereof
US20090108041A1 (en) * 2007-10-27 2009-04-30 Sewoo Metal Industrial Co., Ltd. Breaker Tool

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9121042D0 (en) * 1991-10-02 1991-11-13 Associated Electric Ind Limite Manufacture of cables

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3316630A (en) * 1961-10-05 1967-05-02 Reisholz Stahl & Roehrenwerk Clad body manufacture
US3364561A (en) * 1966-02-10 1968-01-23 Du Pont Explosive tube bonding
US3751957A (en) * 1971-03-15 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes
US3777362A (en) * 1971-03-04 1973-12-11 Asea Ab Method of manufacturing rods or wire of compound material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3316630A (en) * 1961-10-05 1967-05-02 Reisholz Stahl & Roehrenwerk Clad body manufacture
US3364561A (en) * 1966-02-10 1968-01-23 Du Pont Explosive tube bonding
US3777362A (en) * 1971-03-04 1973-12-11 Asea Ab Method of manufacturing rods or wire of compound material
US3751957A (en) * 1971-03-15 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4401729A (en) * 1978-05-17 1983-08-30 Nils Claussen High-strength ceramic laminated tube and the production and use thereof
US20090108041A1 (en) * 2007-10-27 2009-04-30 Sewoo Metal Industrial Co., Ltd. Breaker Tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA74552B (en) 1974-11-27
IT1009126B (it) 1976-12-10
ES422624A1 (es) 1976-09-01
BR7400619D0 (pt) 1974-08-22
AU6486974A (en) 1975-07-31
ES218786Y (es) 1977-01-16
NL7401133A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-08-01
GB1414277A (en) 1975-11-19
AT324805B (de) 1975-09-25
ES218786U (es) 1976-09-01
SE370027B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-30
FR2215274A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-08-23
JPS49106465A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-09
CH569541A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-11-28
JPS5121948B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-07-06
CA986883A (en) 1976-04-06
IN139573B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-07-03

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