US3865018A - Apparatus for making plastic bags with handles - Google Patents
Apparatus for making plastic bags with handles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3865018A US3865018A US308293A US30829372A US3865018A US 3865018 A US3865018 A US 3865018A US 308293 A US308293 A US 308293A US 30829372 A US30829372 A US 30829372A US 3865018 A US3865018 A US 3865018A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- handle
- bag body
- sheets
- body sheet
- portions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/74—Auxiliary operations
- B31B70/86—Forming integral handles or mounting separate handles
- B31B70/864—Mounting separate handles on bags, sheets or webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
- B31B2160/10—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/74—Auxiliary operations
- B31B70/86—Forming integral handles or mounting separate handles
- B31B70/864—Mounting separate handles on bags, sheets or webs
- B31B70/87—Applying handles on one side of a moving longitudinally folded web, e.g. after cutting a tubular web longitudinally; Applying handles on both sides of a moving web and folding this web longitudinally afterwards
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S493/00—Manufacturing container or tube from paper; or other manufacturing from a sheet or web
- Y10S493/916—Pliable container
- Y10S493/926—Pliable container having handle or suspension means
Definitions
- a pair of bag handle sheets are fed at right angles to the direction of feed of the bag material into the split between thelayers, intermittently.
- the handle sheets are cut by hot wires to provide a pair of handles having pairs of end portions disposed between the top and bottom layers of the bag material, and portions interconnecting the end portions and offset therefrom and projecting beyond said bag material to form hand holes.
- the pairs of end portions of the severed handles are heat fused or sealed to the respective bag layers, and the bag material is then severed and sealed transversely to form individual bags.
- the handle sheets and the cutting wires are so shaped that there is no loss or waste of handle sheet material.
- This invention relates to plastic shopping or carrying bags, and to method of and apparatus for making such bags.
- An object of this invention is to provide in apparatus of the character described, means for cutting handles from a pair of sheets of thermoplastic handle material, of uniform width, by cutting all across the handle sheets to produce pairs of flat handles that have aligned end portions and central offset portions, whereby the end portions may be heat sealed to bag material and the central offset portions extend beyond the edge of the bag, to provide hand holes, without loss or waste of any handle material.
- Another object of this invention is to provide in apparatus of the character described, handle sheet cutter means of such shape that no part of the handles cut from said sheets are too thin.
- Yet another object of this invention is to provide in apparatus of the character described, cutting means for the handle sheets in the form of heated wires.
- Still another object of this invention is to provide in apparatus of the character described, roller means to advance the handle sheets, roller means to advance the bag body material, means to actuate the handle sheets cutters, means to actuate the means for sealing the handles to the bag body material and means to transversely cut and seal the bag body material, and means to coordinate the operation all said means to produce completed bags.
- a further object of this invention is to provide highly improved apparatus for making bags of the character described, which shall be relatively inexpensive to manufacture, which shall be smooth and positive in operation and yet practical and efficient to a high degree in use.
- a still further object of this invention is to provide a highly improved method of making bags which shall be economical and without waste of handle or bag making material, which method shall be easy to carry out.
- Yet a further object of this invention is to provide an improved bag of the character described with flat handles fused to a bag body and providing hand holes and cut from handle sheets without waste or loss of handle sheet material.
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view illustrating apparatus and method of making bags, embodying the invention
- FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the matter shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken on line 3-3 of FIG. '1;
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the rollers for advancing the bag body material and the cutter and sealer for the bag body;
- FIG. 5 is a side view of the structure shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagramatic view of the electrical system for control of the bag body rollers, handle sheets rollers, and handle sheet cutters and handle sealers;
- FIG. 7 is a top view of a piece of handle sheet material illustrating the cutting lines to form handles.
- FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic view illustrating one of the wire cutters.
- 10 designates apparatus for making bags 11 from longitudinal thermoplastic bag body sheet material 12 and longitudinal sheets 13 of thermoplastic sheet material for making handles.
- the bag body material 12 comprises similar, symmetrical top wall portions 15 joined at one side by an inwardly pleated gusset 16. At the opposite side of each wall portion 15 is an inwardly folded flap 17. Thus the bag material 12 has a longitudinal split or open side between the layers 15 and flaps 17.
- the completed bag 11 comprises a body 20 composed of the topand bottom walls 15, the gusset l6, sealed parallel side edges 21, and it is open between the flaps 17. Sealed to the flaps 17 in the manner hereinafter explained, are a pair of similar, superposed flat handles 23 cut from the handle sheets 13. Each handle has aligned end portions 24 projecting in opposite directions. Extending from said end portions 24 are converging inclined handle portions 25 joined by a transverse straight central portion 26 parallel to end portions 24.
- the handle 23 is of similar width throughout when measuring in the longitudinal direction of the handle sheets 13.
- Said sheets 13 are of uni form transverse width and are pulled from rolls 30 of said sheets.
- the front and rear edges of each handle are identical.
- the sheets 13 extend as right angles to the longitudinal direction of the bag body material 12 which comes off a roll 32 of said material.
- the bag material is pulled to the right in a horizontal plane looking at FIGS. 1 and 2 in the manner hereinafter explained.
- the handle sheets 13 are also pulled in a horizontal plane toward the bag body material at a level between the flaps 17, in the manner hereinafter explained.
- the bag material is pulled to the right by a pair of rollers 33 fixed on shafts 33a.
- the handle sheets are pulled to the left, looking at FIG. 3 by a pair of rollers 34 fixed on shafts 34a.
- a plate 35 of Teflon or like high heat resisting insulating material to which the plastic sheets will not stick.
- the plate 35 projects into the split or open side of the bagbody material as shown in FIG. 3 of the drawing.
- a heat seal member 40 having a flat longitudinal bar 41 as long as a handle 23 and controlled by a solenoid coil 42.
- a heat seal member 43 having a flat upper bar 44 similar to bar 41, and controlled by a solenoid coil 45.
- the bars 41 and 44 extend across the bag to the ends of the end portions 24 of handles 23. Between the bar 41 and the top wall 15 is a Teflon protective sheet 50. Between the bar 44 and the bottom wall 15 is a Teflon protective sheet 51.
- the handle sheets 13 are fed in the manner hereinafter appearing, until the forward edges 24a of ends 24 of the handles areat the inner end edges 17a of the flaps l7 and then the feed stops until the next operation.
- the cutting of the handle sheets is accomplished by top and bottom heated wires 60 connected in parallel to each other and in series with a power source 61 in a circuit controlled by a manual switch 62.
- Each wire 60 has the shape of the forward or rear edge of the handie 23.
- One wire is disposed above the upper sheet 13 and one is disposed below the lower sheet 13.
- Each wire thus has portions 64 conforming to the edges 24a of end portions 24 of the handle, converging portions 65 conforming to the edges 25a of portions 25 of the handle, and a portion 66 conforming to the inner edge 26a of central portion 26 of the handle. It will be noted that the front and rear edges of each handle are cut by the same wire 60, and hence the front and rear edges of each handle are exactly alike.
- the wires are so located that the ends 64 thereof are substantially aligned with the folds 17b of the flaps 17.
- the wires 60 are so positioned as to be centralized with the finished bags.
- the width of the handle sheets 13 is less than the width of the finished bags as seen in FIG. 1.
- the portions 65 of the wires are straight and converge outwardly beyond the bag material and the portions 66 of the wires are parallel to and spaced beyond the folds 17b of the flaps 17 so that when the handles are sealed to the bags, hand holes 70 are provided bounded by the folds 17b, and portions 25, 26 of the handles.
- the longitudinal distance from the rear edges 24a of end portions 24 to the forward edge 26a of portion 26 of the handle must be such as to provide enough space to get a hand into the hand hole 70.
- the wires 60 are moved toward and away from each other by solenoid coils 75, 76 (See FIG. 6).
- the solenoid coils 42, 45, 75, 76 are connected in parallel circuit to each other, and in series circuit with a pair of terminals 77, 78. l
- the control of the solenoids 42, 45, 75, 76 and of the operation of the roller 33 and of roller 34 is illustrated in FIG. 6 of the drawing.
- a cam shaft 80 rotated by a synchronous motor (not shown) makes one revolution in the time it takes to make one bag.
- a cam 81 to control operation of rollers 34 for advancing the handle sheets 13; a cam 82 to control operation of the rollers 33 for advancing the bag body material; and a cam 83 to control the operation of the solenoid coils 42, 45, 75, 76 for controlling the simultaneous operation of the sealers 40, 43 and the cutting wires 60.
- Cam 81 has a rise that extends less than 180 in angular extent.
- Cam 82 has a rise which preferably extends about 180, angularly.
- the leading ends of cams 81, 82 are preferably at the same angular point.
- the rise of cam 83 begins where the rise in cam 82 ends, and the angular extent of the rise in cam 83 is about 135.
- Cam 81 controls a normally open micro-switch in a circuit having lead wires 91, 92.
- a manual switch 93 may be interposed in wire 91.
- the micro-switch 90 may be interposed in wire 92.
- Wires 91, 92 have terminals 91a, 92a which may be plugged to terminals 95, 96 connected by wires 95a, 96a to a solenoid 97 controlling a valve in an air cylinder 98.
- a piston (not shown) in the cylinder connects through a piston shaft 99 to a rack 100 meshing with a pinion 101 mounted through a one way clutch (not shown) on one shaft 34a for turning roller 34 when the solenoid 97 is energized, during the time that the rise in cam 81 closes the normally open microswitch 90.
- wires 110, 111 leading to terminals a, 111a Connected to wires 91, 92 are wires 110, 111 leading to terminals a, 111a.
- Said terminals 110a, 111a can be plugged to terminals 112, 113 which are connected by wires 112a, 113a to a solenoid 114 which controls a valve in an air cylinder 115 to move a piston (not shown) therein, to move a piston shaft 116 fixed to a rack 117 meshing with a pinion 118 mounted through a one way clutch (not shown) on a shaft 33a carrying one of the rollers 33 for advancing the bag body material.
- In wire 111 is interposed a micro-switch l11b closed by the rise in cam 82.
- Switch l llb is normally open.
- the racks will move while their respective microswitches are closed, to advance the bag material and the handle sheets.
- solenoids 97, 114 are deenergized the racks 100, 117 are retracted but do not rotate shafts 34a, 33a because of the clutches.
- the advance of the bag material and handle sheets may start at the same time but the bag material can keep advancing after the advance of the handle material ceases.
- wires 120, 121 are Also connected to said leads 91, 92.
- wire 120 is interposed a normally open microswitch 122 positioned to be closed by the rise in cam 83.
- terminals 120a, 121a which can be plugged to terminals 77, 78.
- the actuation of the solenoid coils 42, 45, 75,76 starts only after the advance of the bag material and the handle sheets stops, and advance of the bag material and of the handle sheets does not start until the sealers 40, 43 are retracted and the wire cutters 60 are retracted by deenergization of solenoid coils 42, 45, 75, 76.
- the arrangement is such that the solenoid coils 42, 45, 75, 76 actuate the sealers and wire cutters when said solenoids are energized, and retract said sealers and wire cutters when said solenoid coils are deenergized.
- the flaps 17 are sealed to the handle ends 24 of the handles and also to the bag layers 15.
- Teflon sheets 50 and 51 act as shields to prevent the bags from clinging to bars 41, 44.
- Means is provided to cut the bag material transversely while the rollers 33 for advancing the bag material are stationary. Said rollers 33 are located beyond the plate 35. Said rollers 33 are located above and below said bag material and are so spaced that rotation of the rollers will grip and advance the bag material to the right.
- the rollers 34 are located above the upper handle sheet 13 and below the lower handle sheet 13 and are arranged to press said sheets against opposite sides of plate 35 so that when said rollers 34.rotate, the handle sheets will be fed to the left, looking at FIG. 3.
- a shaft transversely of the bag material and therebelow Located beyond rollers 32 is a shaft transversely of the bag material and therebelow.
- shaft 140 On shaft 140 are a pair of similar cams 141.
- Shaft 140 is rotated one revolution for each revolution of the cam shaft 80, in any suitable well known manner.
- Said cutter 143 comprises a pair of vertical side or throw arms 144 car rying follower 145 at their lower ends riding on cams 141.
- Side arms 144 carry a transverse knife 146 having a lower cutting edge 147 located above the level of the bag material. The knife is heated in any suitable manner, so that it can cut and seal the cut layers of the bag material on both sides of the knife edge.
- a roller 150 against which the knife cuts.
- the cutter is guided as it is moved up and down by the cams 141 in synchronization with the periodic advance of the bag material.
- the leading edges of the handle sheets have the edges 24a, 25a, 26a, 25a, 24a extending across the whole width of said sheets.
- the sheets are then fed for a length equal to the width of the end portions 24 of the handle.
- the rear edges 24a of the end portions 24 are aligned with the folds 17b and the leading edges 26a of the sheets are spaced outwardly of the folds 17b to provide hand holes.
- the rear edges 24a, 25a, 26a of the sealed handles are cut, thereby forming the leading edges of the handle sheets.
- the bag moves beyond to the right and then the handle sheets are again advanced to the position in which another cutting by the hot wires 60, cut a new pair of handles. Since the cutting is entirely across and the cutting of each pair of handles provides the hand holes for the next pair of handles, no loss of handle material results and there is no waste of such material.
- the cams 141 are so arranged as to cause the cutter 146 to cut only while the bag body material is not being moved by the rollers 33.
- An apparatus to make bags comprising:
- thermoplastic handle sheets of uniform width between the upper and lower layers at said one side;
- said cutting means having aligned outer end cutting portions, straight inclined converging portions extending from said aligned portions, and a central portion parallel to said aligned outer end cutting portions and interconnecting said inclined cutting portions.
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- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US308293A US3865018A (en) | 1972-11-20 | 1972-11-20 | Apparatus for making plastic bags with handles |
US494203A US3924802A (en) | 1972-11-20 | 1974-08-02 | Plastic bag with handles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US308293A US3865018A (en) | 1972-11-20 | 1972-11-20 | Apparatus for making plastic bags with handles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3865018A true US3865018A (en) | 1975-02-11 |
Family
ID=23193378
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US308293A Expired - Lifetime US3865018A (en) | 1972-11-20 | 1972-11-20 | Apparatus for making plastic bags with handles |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3865018A (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4344217A (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1982-08-17 | Mills Products, Inc. | Automatic stapling and cutting machine |
DE3202337A1 (en) * | 1982-01-26 | 1983-08-04 | Windmöller & Hölscher, 4540 Lengerich | DEVICE FOR PROCESSING AND SEPARATING SECTIONS OF INTERMEDIATELY PROMOTED RAILS |
US4692135A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1987-09-08 | Johnson James R | Sealer for side gusseted bags |
US5288284A (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1994-02-22 | Windmoeller & Hoelscher | Method for making bags and an apparatus for carrying out this method |
US5298007A (en) * | 1991-05-08 | 1994-03-29 | Windmoller & Holscher | Method and apparatus for manufacturing carrier bags of paper |
US5609556A (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 1997-03-11 | Fischer & Krecke Gmbh & Co. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing bags with strap-shaped carrying handles |
US5800326A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1998-09-01 | Meynard; Joseph | Process for manufacturing a handle for a bag made of paper or another material |
US5980441A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1999-11-09 | Fischer & Krecke Gmbh & Co. | Method and apparatus for producing bags with carrying handles by using a feedback tension control loop |
US20050119101A1 (en) * | 2003-08-14 | 2005-06-02 | Dempson Packaging, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing handles for bags |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3266053A (en) * | 1962-07-24 | 1966-08-09 | Windmoeller & Hoelscher | Method of manufacturing carrier bags of weldable material |
US3392636A (en) * | 1966-07-05 | 1968-07-16 | Cellu Craft Products Corp | Method and apparatus for applying handles to plastic bags |
US3440124A (en) * | 1964-08-24 | 1969-04-22 | Windmoeller & Hoelscher | Apparatus for manufacturing griphole carrying bags |
US3511735A (en) * | 1966-07-05 | 1970-05-12 | Cellu Craft Products Corp | Plastic bag handle applying apparatus including handle web severing and heat sealing means |
-
1972
- 1972-11-20 US US308293A patent/US3865018A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3266053A (en) * | 1962-07-24 | 1966-08-09 | Windmoeller & Hoelscher | Method of manufacturing carrier bags of weldable material |
US3440124A (en) * | 1964-08-24 | 1969-04-22 | Windmoeller & Hoelscher | Apparatus for manufacturing griphole carrying bags |
US3392636A (en) * | 1966-07-05 | 1968-07-16 | Cellu Craft Products Corp | Method and apparatus for applying handles to plastic bags |
US3511735A (en) * | 1966-07-05 | 1970-05-12 | Cellu Craft Products Corp | Plastic bag handle applying apparatus including handle web severing and heat sealing means |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4344217A (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1982-08-17 | Mills Products, Inc. | Automatic stapling and cutting machine |
DE3202337A1 (en) * | 1982-01-26 | 1983-08-04 | Windmöller & Hölscher, 4540 Lengerich | DEVICE FOR PROCESSING AND SEPARATING SECTIONS OF INTERMEDIATELY PROMOTED RAILS |
US4692135A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1987-09-08 | Johnson James R | Sealer for side gusseted bags |
US5298007A (en) * | 1991-05-08 | 1994-03-29 | Windmoller & Holscher | Method and apparatus for manufacturing carrier bags of paper |
US5288284A (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1994-02-22 | Windmoeller & Hoelscher | Method for making bags and an apparatus for carrying out this method |
US5800326A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1998-09-01 | Meynard; Joseph | Process for manufacturing a handle for a bag made of paper or another material |
US5609556A (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 1997-03-11 | Fischer & Krecke Gmbh & Co. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing bags with strap-shaped carrying handles |
US5980441A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1999-11-09 | Fischer & Krecke Gmbh & Co. | Method and apparatus for producing bags with carrying handles by using a feedback tension control loop |
US20050119101A1 (en) * | 2003-08-14 | 2005-06-02 | Dempson Packaging, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing handles for bags |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: JIFCEL CORPORATION 560 CENTRAL AVE., MURRAY HILL, Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:GAFFNEY, WILLIAM;MINTZ, CHARLOTTE;GAFCEL INDUSTRIES, INC., A NY CORP.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004222/0609 Effective date: 19840210 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GAFFNEY WILLIAM Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. AS EQUAL TENANTS IN COMMON.;ASSIGNORS:GAFCEL INDUSTRIES, INC., A NY CORP.;PAKTEK CORPORATION A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004246/0369 Effective date: 19840210 Owner name: MINTZ, CHARLOTTE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. AS EQUAL TENANTS IN COMMON.;ASSIGNORS:GAFCEL INDUSTRIES, INC., A NY CORP.;PAKTEK CORPORATION A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004246/0369 Effective date: 19840210 Owner name: MINT FACTORS THE, 215 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:GAFFNEY, WILLIAM;REEL/FRAME:004246/0375 Effective date: 19840210 |
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Owner name: BANKERS TRUST COMPANY, AS COLLATERAL AGENT, NEW YO Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SEALED AIR CORPORTION;REEL/FRAME:005178/0535 Effective date: 19890511 |
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Owner name: SEALED AIR CORPORATION, NEW JERSEY Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BANKERS TRUST COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:007050/0235 Effective date: 19940516 |