US3861907A - Wear resistant low-alloy valve steel - Google Patents
Wear resistant low-alloy valve steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3861907A US3861907A US344313A US34431373A US3861907A US 3861907 A US3861907 A US 3861907A US 344313 A US344313 A US 344313A US 34431373 A US34431373 A US 34431373A US 3861907 A US3861907 A US 3861907A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- silicon
- steel
- weight
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 44
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 33
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title abstract description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- PEUPIGGLJVUNEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Ni] PEUPIGGLJVUNEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A wear resistant nickel-free austenitic stainless steel alloy, with relatively low alloy content, and particularly adapted for the manufacture of valves for internal combustion engines operating on low-lead or leadfree gasoline.
- the alloy consists essentially of, in weight percent, 0.25 to 0.55 carbon, 0.05 to 0.45 nitrogen, with carbon plus nitrogen within the range of 0.65 to 0.95, 10 to 14 manganese, 0.20 to 1,5 silicon, 15 to 20 chromium, 1 max. aluminum, up to 1.0 of elements from a group consisting of the strong carbide forming elements columbium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium and hafnium, 0.0008 to 0.005 boron and balance iron.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of carbon in combination with nitrogen on the hardness of alloys of the yp
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of silicon on the wear resistance of the alloy when tested in simulated valve application;
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of silicon content on the wear resistance of the valve plus valve seat under the identical conditions of testing used in obtaining the results with respect to FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a. bar graph showing the total metal couple wear resistance for couples containing a nickel-free experimental alloy of this invention, and also two nickelbearing commercial alloys 21-4N and 21-2N, which are outside the scope of this invention;
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between tensile strength at elevated temperature, e.g. 2,100F, with the carbon plus nitrogen content of the alloy;
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of chromium. with respect to the hot workability or ductility of the alloy
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect on the alloy with respect to hot ductility of variations in the carbon plus nitrogen content, with changes in the chromium content.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of silicon on the hot ductility of the alloy.
- a nickel-free alloy in accordance with'the present invention having a composition consisting essentially, in weight percent, of carbon 0.25 to 0.55, nitrogen 0.05 to 0.45, total carbon plus nitrogen 0.65 to 0.95, manganese 1010 14, silicon 0.2 to 1.5, chromium 15 to 20, aluminum up to 1, up to 1.0 of one or more elements from the group consisting of columbium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium and hafnium, boron 0.0008 to 0.005 and balance iron.
- This composition in accordance with the present invention, may be varied by providing for chromium within the range of'17 to 19 percent by weight as well as a strong carbide former such as columbium within the range of0.0l to 0.5, and preferably 0.01 to 0.3 percent by weight.
- the alloy may be modified by having boron within the range of 0.0008 to 0.0015 percent by weight.
- the alloy is regarded as nickelfree, residual nickel, in accordance with typical melting practices for alloys of this type, may be present as an unintentional, residual addition in amounts up to about 0.3 percent by weight.
- this in accordance with the present invention is provided by a relatively low chromium content within the range of 15 to 20 and preferably 17 to 19 percent by weight in combination with either silicon alone or in combination with aluminum. Silicon for this purpose is present within the range of 0.20 to 1.5 percent and a portion thereof may be replaced by an amount of aluminum up to 1 percent by weight.
- the required austenitic structure is provided by the combination of carbon and nitrogen with these austenitepromoting elements being present in total within the range of 0.75 to 0.95 percent by weight. These elements, in combination with the high manganese content of 10 to 14 percent insure a fully austenitic structure. Further, strengthening is provided by the strengthening compounds of carbon, nitrogen and boron.
- the primary composition variables are silicon and aluminum, except for Heat Nos. 1117, M18 and 1119 which have increased carbon plus nitrogen content in an amount within the scope of the present invention.
- Ingots of the experimental compositions of Table l were soaked at 2,150F for three hours and subsequently forged to 34 in. sq. bars to obtain samples for mechanical property evaluation.
- Table II shows hardness values for 18 percent chromium, 12 percent manganese specimens of TABLE 1 containing silicon contents of0.2 percent, 1 percent, 2 percent and 3 percent silicon. The hardness values as listed in TABLE 11 show that in the solution treated and aged condition the hardness of all the specimens, except Bar No.
- samples of TABLE 11 were solution treated at 2,150F for 1 hour and water quenched; each was aged at 1,400F for 16 hours.
- wear resistance is a highly important characteristic which valve materials must possess for use in low-lead or lead-free gasoline atmospheres.
- the test used to evaluate the wear resistance of the valve steels and valve steel-cast iron metal couples is fully described in Reference 1*.
- a stationary wear member is positioned at 90 to a rotating member that revolves at a speed of 670 rpm under a load of 7.5 pounds.
- Weight determinations are made on each wear member before and after the wear test to obtain data for calculating weight losses incurred during testing. These weight losses were then indicative of the wear resistance of the materials. A greater weight loss indicates less wear resistance. Wear tests were conducted on steels of TABLE 1 to demonstrate the effect of silicon and nickel on wear resistance.
- test specimens from which the TABLE V data were obtained were rough machined, heat treated at 2,150F for 1 hour, water quenched and aged for 16 hours at 1,400F and finish ground to size of 0.5 in. diameter by l-% in. length.
- the specimens were placed in porcelain crucibles and weight determinations were made.
- the specimens were then exposed in a static air atmosphere at a temperature of 1,400F for 20 hours, cooled to room temperature and then reweighed. This cycle was repeated five times to complete a IOO-hour test. Oxidation rate is expressed at the weight gain per unit area for the IOO-hour test.
- the standard 2l-4N alloy was tested identically and used as a control.
- the data show that for the 2 percent silicon steels containing 15 percent, 18 percent and 20 percent chromium, the 18 percent chromium steel offers a ductility advantage over the 15 percent and 20 percent chromium steels.
- the data have also been plotted in FIG. 7 to show that the lower ductility of the 15 and 20 percent chromium steels, however, is attributable to the higher carbon plus nitrogen content.
- the hot workability curves for the 18 percent chromium steels containing 0.2, 1, 2 and 3 percent silicon are shown in FIG. 8. These curves show that the elevated tensile ductility decreases sharply with increases in silicon.
- An internal combustion engine valve made from an essentially nickel-free austenitic stainless steel consisting essentially of, in weight percent, 0.25 to 0.55 carbon, 0.05 to 0.45 nitrogen, with carbon plus nitrogen within the range of 0.65 to 0.95, 10 to 14 manganese, 0.50 to 1.5 silicon, 15 to 20 chromium, 1 max. aluminum, an effective amount up to 1.0 of at least one element selected from the group consisting of columbium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium and hafnium, 0.0008 to 0.005 boron and balance iron.
- An internal combustion engine valve made from an austenitic stainless steel consisting essentially of, in weight percent, 0.25 to 0.55 carbon, 0.05 to 0.45 nitrogen, with carbon plus nitrogen within the range of 0.65 to 0.95, 10 to 14 manganese, 0.50 to 1.5 silicon, 17 to 19 chromium, 1 max. aluminum, an effective amount up to 1.0 of at least one element selected from the group consisting of columbium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium and hafnium, 0.0008 to 0.0015 boron and balance iron.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
- 2. The steel of claim 1 wherein chromium is present within the range of 17 to 19 percent by weight.
- 3. The steel of claim 1 wherein columbium is present within the range of 0.01 to 0.5 percent by weight.
- 4. The steel of claim 1 wherein boron is present within the range of 0.0008 to 0.0015 percent by weight.
- 5. An internal combustion engine valve made from an austenitic stainless steel consisting essentially of, in weight percent, 0.25 to 0.55 carbon, 0.05 to 0.45 nitrogen, with carbon plus nitrogen within the range of 0.65 to 0.95, 10 to 14 manganese, 0.50 to 1.5 silicon, 17 to 19 chromium, 1 max. aluminum, an effective amount up to 1.0 of at least one element selected from the group consisting of columbium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium and hafnium, 0.0008 to 0.0015 boron and balance iron.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US344313A US3861907A (en) | 1973-03-23 | 1973-03-23 | Wear resistant low-alloy valve steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US344313A US3861907A (en) | 1973-03-23 | 1973-03-23 | Wear resistant low-alloy valve steel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3861907A true US3861907A (en) | 1975-01-21 |
Family
ID=23349994
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US344313A Expired - Lifetime US3861907A (en) | 1973-03-23 | 1973-03-23 | Wear resistant low-alloy valve steel |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3861907A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4450008A (en) * | 1982-12-14 | 1984-05-22 | Earle M. Jorgensen Co. | Stainless steel |
US4888153A (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1989-12-19 | Mitsubishi Kinzoku Kabushiki Kaisha | Fe-base build-up alloy excellent in resistance to corrosion and wear |
US6641640B1 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2003-11-04 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Hard material sintered compact with a nickel- and cobalt-free, nitrogenous steel as binder of the hard phase |
WO2010147541A1 (en) | 2009-06-16 | 2010-12-23 | Scania Cv Ab | Engine component comprising corrosion-protection layer and manufacturing method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2496247A (en) * | 1948-08-04 | 1950-01-31 | Armco Steel Corp | High-temperature article |
US2814563A (en) * | 1955-07-27 | 1957-11-26 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | High temperature alloys |
US2839391A (en) * | 1954-10-21 | 1958-06-17 | Armco Steel Corp | Chromium-manganese alloy and products |
US2909425A (en) * | 1957-05-31 | 1959-10-20 | Crucible Steel Co America | Austenitic cr-mn-c-n steels for elevated temperature service |
-
1973
- 1973-03-23 US US344313A patent/US3861907A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2496247A (en) * | 1948-08-04 | 1950-01-31 | Armco Steel Corp | High-temperature article |
US2839391A (en) * | 1954-10-21 | 1958-06-17 | Armco Steel Corp | Chromium-manganese alloy and products |
US2814563A (en) * | 1955-07-27 | 1957-11-26 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | High temperature alloys |
US2909425A (en) * | 1957-05-31 | 1959-10-20 | Crucible Steel Co America | Austenitic cr-mn-c-n steels for elevated temperature service |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4450008A (en) * | 1982-12-14 | 1984-05-22 | Earle M. Jorgensen Co. | Stainless steel |
US4888153A (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1989-12-19 | Mitsubishi Kinzoku Kabushiki Kaisha | Fe-base build-up alloy excellent in resistance to corrosion and wear |
US6641640B1 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2003-11-04 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Hard material sintered compact with a nickel- and cobalt-free, nitrogenous steel as binder of the hard phase |
WO2010147541A1 (en) | 2009-06-16 | 2010-12-23 | Scania Cv Ab | Engine component comprising corrosion-protection layer and manufacturing method |
US20120085310A1 (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-04-12 | Bergstroem Magnus | Engine component comprising corrosion-protection layer and method for manufacture of engine components |
EP2443266B1 (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2018-04-18 | Scania CV AB | Engine component comprising corrosion-protection layer and manufacturing method |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3969109A (en) | Oxidation and sulfidation resistant austenitic stainless steel | |
EP0016225B2 (en) | Use of an austenitic steel in oxidizing conditions at high temperature | |
EP0545753A1 (en) | Duplex stainless steel having improved strength and corrosion resistance | |
JPS6358213B2 (en) | ||
US3303023A (en) | Use of cold-formable austenitic stainless steel for valves for internal-combustion engines | |
EP0338574A1 (en) | Nickel based alloys resistant to sulphidation and oxidation | |
US1850953A (en) | Heat, rust, and acid resisting ferrous alloy | |
US3833358A (en) | Refractory iron-base alloy resisting to high temperatures | |
US2430306A (en) | Precipitation hardenable copper, nickel, tantalum (or columbium) alloys | |
CA1149646A (en) | Austenitic stainless corrosion-resistant alloy | |
US3861907A (en) | Wear resistant low-alloy valve steel | |
JPS6318038A (en) | Low-alloy steel excellent in creep resistance and hydrogen attack-resisting characteristic | |
US2799577A (en) | Age hardening austenitic steel | |
US3909250A (en) | Oxidation-resistant ferrous alloy | |
JPS58117848A (en) | High strength cast ni alloy showing superior corrosion and oxidation resistance at high temperature in combustion atmosphere | |
US3837847A (en) | Corrosion resistant ferritic stainless steel | |
US4119456A (en) | High-strength cast heat-resistant alloy | |
US2764481A (en) | Iron base austenitic alloys | |
US3806337A (en) | Austenitic stainless steel resistant to stress corrosion cracking | |
US3645726A (en) | Resistance to stress-corrosion cracking in nickel alloys | |
US3674468A (en) | High-strength silicon steel | |
US3681058A (en) | Low-nickel valve steel | |
US2949355A (en) | High temperature alloy | |
US3459538A (en) | Corrosion resistant low-alloy steel | |
US3582323A (en) | Aluminum-iron alloy for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: COLT INDUSTRIES OPERATING CORP. Free format text: MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE CENTER COMPANY (INTO) CRUCIBLE INC. (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:004120/0308 Effective date: 19821214 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A DE CORP. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:COLT INDUSTRIES OPERATING CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004194/0621 Effective date: 19831025 Owner name: CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, PENNSYLVANIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:COLT INDUSTRIES OPERATING CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004194/0621 Effective date: 19831025 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MELLON FINANCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004490/0410 Effective date: 19851219 Owner name: MELLON BANK, N.A. FOR THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK (NA Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004490/0452 Effective date: 19851219 Owner name: MELLON BANK, N.A. AS AGENT FOR MELLON BANK N.A. & Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004490/0410 Effective date: 19851219 Owner name: CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION) A Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004490/0452 Effective date: 19851219 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, NEW YORK Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:MELLON BANK, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:005240/0099 Effective date: 19891020 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED FILE - (OLD CASE ADDED FOR FILE TRACKING PURPOSES) |