US3861598A - Nozzle arrangement - Google Patents

Nozzle arrangement Download PDF

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US3861598A
US3861598A US428203A US42820373A US3861598A US 3861598 A US3861598 A US 3861598A US 428203 A US428203 A US 428203A US 42820373 A US42820373 A US 42820373A US 3861598 A US3861598 A US 3861598A
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nozzles
nozzle arrangement
accordance
nozzle
connecting means
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Henry Fleischer
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04Nozzles therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/60Arrangements for mounting, supporting or holding spraying apparatus
    • B05B15/65Mounting arrangements for fluid connection of the spraying apparatus or its outlets to flow conduits
    • B05B15/652Mounting arrangements for fluid connection of the spraying apparatus or its outlets to flow conduits whereby the jet can be oriented

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  • a nozzle arrangement which is especially adapted for spraying chemical solvent, abrasive, compressed air and/or water onto the surface of an automobile in order to prepare such surface for repainting.
  • the nozzle arrangement generally includes at least a pair of nozzles and means for connecting the nozzles to each other in a manner such that the nozzles are disposed at an angle to a vertical plane passing through the connecting means to form a first variable V-shape and the nozzles are canted at an angle to a horizontal plane intersecting said vertical plane to form a second variable V-shape.
  • Such a nozzle arrangement will provide a double taper multi-angle abrading action on the surface being treated to form a gradual concave or shallow-V shaped depression on such surface.
  • the present invention relates to a nozzle arrangement and more particularly to a hand nozzle adapted for use in spraying abrasive, solvent, air, and/or water onto the surface of an automobile to prepare such surface for repainting.
  • the technique employed in removing paint from and preparing an automobile body for eventual repainting is extremely important. This is especially true where the automobile body has scratches, chips, nicks and the like which must be painted over to provide a final repainted body which is aesthetically pleasing and which will have adequate and acceptable wear resistance.
  • Nozzles are generally employed for use in spraying liquids, solids and/or gases onto the body of an automobile to correct scratches, chips and nicks and prepare the same for repainting.
  • Such nozzles comprise a single conventional nozzle which produces slurry and sand blast patterns formed of substantially deep, nontapered squared-off grooves, as shown in FIG. 5. These grooves usually cannot just be simply filled in and repainted over. In fact, it has been found that unless the grooves are first manually sanded down to form a gradual taper before fillers and paints are applied, deep grooves or scratch effects will be visible upon completion of the paint job.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 1,676,564 to Lausen discloses a gas burner arrangement wherein two burners are employed in what appears to be in tapered relation to each other. However, because the burners are not disposed so as to form an angle to a vertical plane passing between the burners, such burners would not provide a spray pattern as desired for preparing an automobile body surface for repainting.
  • a nozzle arrangement which is particularly adapted for use in removing paint from a surface of an automobile and preparing the surface to receive a new coat of paint.
  • the nozzle arrangement of the invention may be employed for spraying a mixture of abrasive and a volatile chemical solvent under pressure onto the surface of the automobile, preferably at an oblique angle, that is less than 45, and comprises at least a pair of nozzles, and connecting means for connecting the nozzles to each other in manner such that the nozzles are disposed at an angle to a vertical plane passing through the connecting means so as to form a first V- shape and'said nozzles are canted at an angle to a horizontal plane passing through the connecting means so as to form a second V-like'shape.
  • the connecting means comprises at least first pivot means pivotally connecting the nozzles to each other in a manner such that the nozzles are disposed at a variable angle to the vertical plane passing through the connecting means; in this embodiment the nozzles may be moved toward or away from each other to narrow or widen the spray pattern.
  • the connecting means may include at least second pivot means connecting the nozzles to each other in a manner such that the nozzles are canted at a variable angle to the horizontal plane passing through the connecting means; in this embodiment, the nozzles may be moved up or down with respect to the connecting means to increase or decrease the depth and/or taper of the depressions produced thereby.
  • the nozzles may include one or more inner partitions which divide the nozzles into two or more sub-nozzles.
  • the inner partitions may be movably and adjustably connected to the nozzle and to each other so that such partitions may be movable between horizontal and vertical positions and various angular positions therebetween.
  • each nozzle may actually comprise two or more nozzles connected to each other as, for example, in a common body.
  • the nozzles may be connected to each other so that a portion of one nozzle is disposed within a portion of the other nozzle.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a nozzle arrangement including a pair of nozzles pivotally connected via connecting means in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. 1 showing the nozzles canted with respect to the connecting means;
  • FIG. 2A is a plan view of connecting means employed in the nozzle arrangement of the invention as shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2B is an end view of the connecting means shown in FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 3 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. 1 wherein the nozzles are canted at a slightly steeper angle with respect to the connecting means than as shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a car surface repaired using the nozzle arrangement of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 4 of a scratch removed by a prior art nozzle arrangement
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement which includes a plurality of inner partitions in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. 6, wherein the inner partitions are in their vertical position;
  • FIG. 8 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement of FIG. 6 wherein the inner partitions are in their horizontal position;
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view of another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view of still another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention.
  • FIG. 11 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view of yet another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view of the nozzle arrangement of the invention wherein the nozzles have an oval outlet opening;
  • FIG. 14 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement of FIG. 13;
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention.
  • FIG. 16 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement of FIG. 15.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a nozzle arrangment in accordance with the present invention indicated generally by the numeral 10.
  • the nozzle arrangement 10 includes nozzles 12 and 14 which are connected together by means of connecting means indicated generally by the numeral 16.
  • Each of the nozzles 12 and 14 include a body member 18 having an outlet opening 20 connected by an inner passage to an inlet 22.
  • Inlet 22 is connected to a hose 24 which, in turn, is connected to a source of material to be sprayed indicated generally by the numeral 26.
  • the nozzles 12 and 14 are connected by means of the connecting means 16 so that the outlet openings 20 of the nozzles are disposed at an angle to each other and at an angle to a vertical plane A passing through the connecting means. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, the nozzles 12 and 14 are connected by means of the connecting means 16 so that the nozzles are canted at an angle to each other and to a horizontal plane B passing through the connecting means 16.
  • the nozzles 12 and 14 are disposed relative to each other so as to provide a shallow V-shaped pattern.
  • an abrasive such as sand, and/or a volatile chemical solvent can be fed from supply source 26 through the hoses 24 into the nozzles 12 and 14.
  • the nozzles 12 and 14 interact and are tapered against one another causing the outflowing mixture to abrade the surfaces of the automobile body and to taper the painted surface gradually to form a double-taper multi-angle gradual concave or shallow V-shape, when the surface is viewed at cross-section as in FIG. 4. This permits scratches, chips, etc., to be painted over without any further sanding as is required where prior art nozzles are employed. No other slurry streams of combination of chemical abrasive and air will provide this tapered effect upon a painted surface.
  • the blast patterns produced are essentially deep non-tapered rectangular grooves as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the deep rectangular grooves In order to complete the preparation of the automobile body for repainting, the deep rectangular grooves must be sanded over, for example, by using sanding machines, to make a gradual taper over which fillers and paints can be applied. If the deep rectangular grooves are directly filled with fillers and then repainted over, a deep groove or scratch effect will be visible upon completion of thepaint job.
  • the nozzle arrangement of the invention is employed, the gradual concave or shallow V-shape blast patterns produced may be directly filled with fillers and repainted over, without the necessity for additional sanding before such fillers and paints can be applied.
  • the nozzle arrangement is preferably operated at an angle less than 45 to the surface being cleansed.
  • the connecting means 16 employed to connect the nozzles 12 and 14 to each other at the desired angles may comprise any conventional connecting means, pivot means, or hinge means.
  • the connecting means 16 as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 2A and 2B is adpated to allow movement of the nozzles 12 and 14 toward or away from each other to thereby narrow or widen the area covered by the nozzles.
  • the connecting means 16 is adapted to allow adjustment of the position of the nozzles 12 and 14 and their outlet openings 20 up or down with respect to a horizontal plane B passing through the connecting means.
  • the connecting means 16, as shown comprises a pair of joining members 30 and 32 which are pivotally connected to each other by means of pivot pin 34.
  • the joining members 30 and 32 include connecting posts 36 and 38, respectively, which includes an opening which is adapted to receive projection 40 which extends from nozzle 12 and projection 42 which extends from nozzle 14, respectively.
  • the projections 40 and 42 are pivotally connected to the connecting posts 36 and 38, respectively, by means of pivot pins 44 and 46, respectively.
  • the nozzles 12 and 14 may be grasped and pivoted about pivot pin 34. Where it is desired to raise or lower the nozzles with respect to the connecting means 16, to thereby vary the taper or depth of the spray pattern produced, the nozzles 12 and 14 may be grasped and pivoted about pivot pins 44 and 46, respectively.
  • FIG. 3 the nozzles 12 and 14 are shown in their position after having been raised from the position shown in FIG. 2 by pivoting the nozzles 12 and 14 upwardly about the pivot pins 44 and 46.
  • connecting means may be fixed connecting means so that the relative positions of the nozzles 12 and 14 are fixed with respect to each other.
  • the connecting means may include pivot means so as to allow only pivoting of the nozzles 12 and 14 toward or away from each other.
  • the connecting means may include pivot means to allow only pivoting of the nozzles 12 and 14 up or down with respect to the connecting means 16.
  • Other examples of connecting means which may be employed comprise conventional ball joint-type or swivel-type connecting means.
  • FIGS. 6 to8 Another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention is shown in FIGS. 6 to8 and is generally identified by the numeral 50.
  • the nozzle arrangement 50 includes nozzles 52 and 54 which are connected to each other by means of connecting means generally indicated by the numeral 16 and which may comprise any of the connecting means mentioned above with respect to FIGS. 1, 2, 2A, 2B and 3.
  • the nozzles 52 and 54 each comprises body member 56 which includes outlet opening 58 and inlet 60 which is connected by means of hose 24 to asupply source 26 for material to be sprayed.
  • the body member 56 of each of the nozzles 52 and 54 includes an inner passage 62 which connects the inlet 60 to the outlet opening 58. Disposed within the inner passage 62 are a plurality of inner partitions 64.
  • the partitions 64 may comprise shutter of fin-type arrangements of convention design and are adapted to be movably positioned within the passage 62 so as to move between horizontal and vertical positions as well as any angular positions therebetween.
  • one or more of the partitions may be connected to a slide bar 66.
  • a handle member 68 is connected to the slide bar 66 to facilitate movement of the slide bar 66 and thereby adjust the position of the inner partitions 64.
  • the handle member 68 may comprise screw means which can be adjusted to fix or immobilize the position of the slide bar 66 so that the position of the partitions 64 may be fixed, as desired, and will not thereafter change position when material is sprayed through the nozzles 52 and 54.
  • the nozzle arrangement shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is adapted to be adjusted so that the configuration of the spray ofmaterial through the nozzles 52 and 54 may be adjusted or controlled. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the position of the inner partitions may be adjusted by adjusting the position of the slide bar 66 so that the partitions 64 are in a substantially vertical position thereby dividing a portion of the inner passage 62 and the outlet opening 58 of the nozzles into a plurality of flow passages, as shown.
  • the position of the inner partitions 64 may be adjusted to substantially horizontal position as shown in FIG. 8, thereby dividing the passage 62 and the outlet opening 58 into substantially two spray passages 70 and 72.
  • the position of the inner partitions 64 may be adjusted so that they are disposed at an angle thereby providing angular passages in the nozzles and the outlet openings thereof.
  • the partitions in one nozzle may be disposed at different positions than the partitions in the other nozzle.
  • the partitions may be vertically disposed and in nozzle 54, the partitions may be disposed horizontally or at an angle.
  • closure means may comprise any conventional means such as a cap or conventional type pivoted closure member or cover adapted to close off the opening outlet.
  • each of the nozzles employed in the nozzle arrangements of the invention may be connected to a common supply source, as shown in the previous embodiments, so that the same spray mixture is sprayed through each of the nozzles.
  • each of the nozzles may be connected to a different supply source of material to be sprayed.
  • the passages formed by the partitions 64 may be connected to supply sources for different types of materials to be sprayed.
  • the inner partitions 64 form a plurality of flow passages such as passages 64a, 64b and 64c each of which may be connected by a conventional conduit, such as a hose 24, to different supply sources 26a, 26b, 260 as shown.
  • FIG. 10 another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention is shown and is identified generally by the numeral 90.
  • the nozzle arrangement includes a pair of nozzles 92 and 94 connected together by means of connecting means 16.
  • the nozzles 92 and 94 comprise a plurality of sub-nozzles, such as 96, 98, and 102 which extend from body members 104 and 106.
  • the body members 104 and 106 include interior passageways 108, 110, 112 and 114 which are in communication with sub-nozzles 96, 98, 100 and 102, respectively.
  • Inlet means 116 of the nozzles 92 and 94 may be connected by means of hoses 24 to a supply source 26 of material to be sprayed.
  • the nozzles 96, 98, 100 and 102 are clearly shown to be disposed at an angle to the connecting means 16 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the nozz e embodiment of FIG. 10 may be adapted so that the passageways 108, 110, 112 and 114 may be connected to separate supply sources by means of conduits 24, as shown in FIG. 12.
  • nozzles employed are of substantially flat cross-section
  • other nozzles of different design may be employed such as nozzles having a square crosssection, a rectangular cross-section, an oval crosssection, a round cross-section, a triangular crosssection and the like.
  • a nozzle arrangement indicated generally by the numeral 120 includes nozzles 122 and 124 which have an oval crosssection as seen by the oval outlet opening 126 in the end view shown in FIG. 14.
  • the nozzles 122 and 124 are shown disposed at an angle to each other and to the connecting means 16 is accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. illustrates another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the present invention identified generally by the numeral 150.
  • the nozzle arrangement 150 includes nozzles 152 and 154 which are hinged together at 156. As shown, a portion of the nozzle 154 is disposed in a portion of the nozzle 152 and such portions are pivotally connected by pivot pin 158.
  • the nozzles 152 and 154 are adapted to pivot about pivot pin 158 so as to widen or narrow the area covered by the nozzles. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 16, the nozzles 152 and 154 are disposed at an angle to the connecting means or pivot pin 158.
  • the nozzle arrangement of the invention may also include a hand adjusted member which may be controlled so as to vary the angle of the nozzles with re spect to each other and with respect to the connecting means.
  • a hand adjusted member generally indicated by the numeral 200 comprises a pair of rods 202 and 204 which are pivotally connected to each other at 206 and are each pivotally connected to the nozzles at 208 and 210.
  • the rod members may be pivotally connected to each other and to the nozzles by means of conventional ball joints, swivel means or connecting means such as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
  • the position of the nozzles may be moved up or down with respect to each other and the connecting means to vary the depth or taper of the resulting spray pattern by pivoting the nozzles about pivots 208 and 210. Furthermore, the nozzles may be pivoted about pivot 206 to move the nozzles back and forth or in and out and thereby narrow or widen the area covered by the nozzles.
  • FIG. 15 Another embodiment of a hand adjusted member is shown in FIG. 15 and is generally identified by the numeral 170.
  • the hand adjusted member 170 comprises rod members 172 and 174 which are fixedly connected to nozzles 154 and 152, respectively, and are pivotally connected to each other by means of pivot pin 176.
  • a handle 178 is attached to the pivot pin 176 and the rods 172 and 174.
  • the angles of the nozzles 152 and 154 with respect to each other may be controlled by merely moving the handle 178 toward or away from the pivot pin 176 as will be apparent to one skilled in the art.
  • connecting means employed in the present invention may be locked in place by conventional locking means so as to fix the position of the nozzles with respect to each other and the connecting means.
  • a hand adjusted member such as member 200 or 170 may be employed in any of the nozzle arrangements of the invention. in place of or in conjunction with connecting means 16.
  • the nozzles employed are disposed at a fixed or variable angle to each other and to a vertical plane passing through the connecting means and are also canted at a fixed or variable angle with respect to each other and a horizontal plane passing through the connecting means.
  • a plurality of nozzles may be employed in combination, preferably secured to each other and to connecting means, all of said nozzles being employed at the desired angles as indicated above.
  • Each of the nozzle arrangements of the invention provide for an interaction of spray or flow of materials from the nozzles so as to provide a double taper multiangle abrading action to form a gradual concave or shallow V-like depression upon the surface being treated.
  • the nozzle arrangement will preferably be operated at an angle of less than 45 to the surface being cleansed.
  • a nozzle arrangement adapted to be connected to a source of material to be sprayed comprising, in combination, at least a pair of nozzles, and connecting means for connecting said nozzles to each other in a manner such that said nozzles are disposed at an angle to a vertical plane passing through said connecting means so as to form a first V-like shape and said nozzles are canted at an angle to a horizontal plane passing through said connecting means so as to form a second V-like shape.
  • said connecting means comprises at least first pivot means connecting said nozzles to each other in a manner such that said nozzles are at a variable angle to the vertical plane so that the area covered by said nozzles may be widened or narrowed.
  • said connecting means comprises at least second pivot means connecting said nozzles to each other in a manner such that said nozzles are canted at a variable angle to said horizontal plane so that the depth or taper of the area covered by said nozzles may be varied.
  • connecting means comprises pivot means connecting said nozzles together in a manner such that said nozzles are disposed at a variable angle to said vertical plane to form said first V-like shape which is variable in shape and said nozzles are canted at a variable angle to said horizontal plane to form said second V-like shape which is variable in shape.
  • each of said nozzles comprises a body member including an outlet opening and an inlet connected thereto and an inner passage connecting said inlet with said outlet opening.
  • nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 7 including partition adjusting means for varying the position of said partition in said body member.
  • each of said passages of said body member is adpated to be connected to a same or different source of material to be sprayed.
  • said body member comprises a plurality of separate nozzle members each of said nozzle members having its own outlet opening.
  • each of said nozzle members is connected to the same inlet which is adapted to be connected to a single conduit.
  • each of said nozzle members is connected to a separate inlet, each inlet being adapted to be connected to a separate conduit and separate supply source for material to be sprayed.
  • the nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 13 including, in addition, a hand adjusted member pivotally connected to said nozzles, for controlling and varying the position of said nozzles with respect to each other and said connecting means.
  • the nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 14 including, in addition, a hand adjusted member pivotally connected to said nozzles, for controlling and varying the position of said nozzles with respect to each other and said connecting means.

Abstract

A nozzle arrangement is provided which is especially adapted for spraying chemical solvent, abrasive, compressed air and/or water onto the surface of an automobile in order to prepare such surface for repainting. The nozzle arrangement generally includes at least a pair of nozzles and means for connecting the nozzles to each other in a manner such that the nozzles are disposed at an angle to a vertical plane passing through the connecting means to form a first variable V-shape and the nozzles are canted at an angle to a horizontal plane intersecting said vertical plane to form a second variable V-shape. Such a nozzle arrangement will provide a double taper multi-angle abrading action on the surface being treated to form a gradual concave or shallow-V shaped depression on such surface.

Description

United States Patent [191 Fleischer Jan. 21, 1975 NOZZLE ARRANGEMENT 22 Filed: Dec. 26, 1973 21 Appl. No.: 428,203
Related US. Application Data [60] Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 359,695, May 15, 1973, abandoned, which is a division of Ser. No. 235,293, March 16, 1972, Pat. No. 3,769,753.
Bauer et al. 239/543 Primary ExaminerLloyd L. King Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Lerner, David, Littenberg & Samuel [57] ABSTRACT A nozzle arrangement is provided which is especially adapted for spraying chemical solvent, abrasive, compressed air and/or water onto the surface of an automobile in order to prepare such surface for repainting. The nozzle arrangement generally includes at least a pair of nozzles and means for connecting the nozzles to each other in a manner such that the nozzles are disposed at an angle to a vertical plane passing through the connecting means to form a first variable V-shape and the nozzles are canted at an angle to a horizontal plane intersecting said vertical plane to form a second variable V-shape. Such a nozzle arrangement will provide a double taper multi-angle abrading action on the surface being treated to form a gradual concave or shallow-V shaped depression on such surface.
15 Claims, 16 Drawing Figures NOZZLE ARRANGEMENT REFERENCE TO OTHER APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 359,695, now abandoned, filed May 15, 1973 which, in turn, is a division of application Ser. No. 235,293, filed Mar. 16, I972 and now U.S. Pat. No. 3,769,753.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a nozzle arrangement and more particularly to a hand nozzle adapted for use in spraying abrasive, solvent, air, and/or water onto the surface of an automobile to prepare such surface for repainting.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Many automobiles which are discarded as junk have nothing more wrong with them than a rusted-out body. In many cases this can be prevented by a timely repainting of the body of the car. As with many things a decision to repaint or not to repaint is determined to a large extent on cost.
Before a car, truck, or other similar items can be repainted, the old paint must be removed and the metallic surface thereunder properly cleaned and prepared to receive a fresh coat of paint. Proper cleansing and preparation also includes removal of grease from the painted surfaces. This problem is particularly acute in the case of trucks, such as trailer trucks, which after many years on the road accumulate thick layers of grease especially around the areas of the fifth wheel, that is the area where the trailer joins the truck, where heavy grease deposits are required. Oil delivery trucks also tend to have heavy grease accumulations and thus present unusually difficult problems in preparing their bodies for repainting.
Almost all paint removal and surface preparation of cars is done by hand by unskilled workers. Therefore, as the minimum cost of labor increases, the cost of repainting cars is directly affected.
In recent years, it has been exceedingly difficult to obtain workers to prepare cars for repainting even at increased wages. As a result, it is not only more expensive than before to have a car painted, but it is also more difficult to get the job done.
The technique employed in removing paint from and preparing an automobile body for eventual repainting is extremely important. This is especially true where the automobile body has scratches, chips, nicks and the like which must be painted over to provide a final repainted body which is aesthetically pleasing and which will have adequate and acceptable wear resistance.
Nozzles are generally employed for use in spraying liquids, solids and/or gases onto the body of an automobile to correct scratches, chips and nicks and prepare the same for repainting. Such nozzles comprise a single conventional nozzle which produces slurry and sand blast patterns formed of substantially deep, nontapered squared-off grooves, as shown in FIG. 5. These grooves usually cannot just be simply filled in and repainted over. In fact, it has been found that unless the grooves are first manually sanded down to form a gradual taper before fillers and paints are applied, deep grooves or scratch effects will be visible upon completion of the paint job.
It has now been found that by employing the nozzle arrangement of the invention, wherein at least a pair of nozzles interact and are tapered against one another, slurry and sand blast patterns are produced which have a gradual concave or shallow V-shape when the surface is viewed at cross section. This permits scratches, chips and nicks to be painted over by merely slurry and sand blasting such areas, applying fillers and then repainting, without thenecessity of further sanding which now has to be done manually through the use of machines.
Examples of typical nozzles and nozzle arrangements which are known in the art are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,121,639 to Bauer et al., and 2,419,393 to Doyle. However the nozzle arrangements shown in these patents require all nozzles to be in the same plane. Accordingly, blast patterns comprising deep squared-off grooves are obtained and not the desired gradual concave or shallow V-shaped patterns.
. U.S. Pat. No. 1,676,564 to Lausen discloses a gas burner arrangement wherein two burners are employed in what appears to be in tapered relation to each other. However, because the burners are not disposed so as to form an angle to a vertical plane passing between the burners, such burners would not provide a spray pattern as desired for preparing an automobile body surface for repainting.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a nozzle arrangement which is particularly adapted for use in removing paint from a surface of an automobile and preparing the surface to receive a new coat of paint. The nozzle arrangement of the invention may be employed for spraying a mixture of abrasive and a volatile chemical solvent under pressure onto the surface of the automobile, preferably at an oblique angle, that is less than 45, and comprises at least a pair of nozzles, and connecting means for connecting the nozzles to each other in manner such that the nozzles are disposed at an angle to a vertical plane passing through the connecting means so as to form a first V- shape and'said nozzles are canted at an angle to a horizontal plane passing through the connecting means so as to form a second V-like'shape. In a preferred embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention, the connecting means comprises at least first pivot means pivotally connecting the nozzles to each other in a manner such that the nozzles are disposed at a variable angle to the vertical plane passing through the connecting means; in this embodiment the nozzles may be moved toward or away from each other to narrow or widen the spray pattern. Furthermore, the connecting means may include at least second pivot means connecting the nozzles to each other in a manner such that the nozzles are canted at a variable angle to the horizontal plane passing through the connecting means; in this embodiment, the nozzles may be moved up or down with respect to the connecting means to increase or decrease the depth and/or taper of the depressions produced thereby.
In another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the present invention, the nozzles may include one or more inner partitions which divide the nozzles into two or more sub-nozzles. The inner partitions may be movably and adjustably connected to the nozzle and to each other so that such partitions may be movable between horizontal and vertical positions and various angular positions therebetween.
In a still further embodiment of the present invention, each nozzle may actually comprise two or more nozzles connected to each other as, for example, in a common body.
In yet a further embodiment of the present invention, the nozzles may be connected to each other so that a portion of one nozzle is disposed within a portion of the other nozzle.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view of a nozzle arrangement including a pair of nozzles pivotally connected via connecting means in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. 1 showing the nozzles canted with respect to the connecting means;
FIG. 2A is a plan view of connecting means employed in the nozzle arrangement of the invention as shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 2B is an end view of the connecting means shown in FIG. 2A;
FIG. 3 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. 1 wherein the nozzles are canted at a slightly steeper angle with respect to the connecting means than as shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a car surface repaired using the nozzle arrangement of FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 4 of a scratch removed by a prior art nozzle arrangement;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement which includes a plurality of inner partitions in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. 6, wherein the inner partitions are in their vertical position;
FIG. 8 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement of FIG. 6 wherein the inner partitions are in their horizontal position;
FIG. 9 is a plan view of another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a plan view of still another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention;
FIG. 11 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a plan view of yet another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a plan view of the nozzle arrangement of the invention wherein the nozzles have an oval outlet opening;
FIG. 14 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention; and
FIG. 16 is an end view of the nozzle arrangement of FIG. 15.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Referring now to the accompanying Figures wherein like parts are represented by like numerals in the several views, in FIG. 1 there is shown a nozzle arrangment in accordance with the present invention indicated generally by the numeral 10. The nozzle arrangement 10 includes nozzles 12 and 14 which are connected together by means of connecting means indicated generally by the numeral 16. Each of the nozzles 12 and 14 include a body member 18 having an outlet opening 20 connected by an inner passage to an inlet 22. Inlet 22 is connected to a hose 24 which, in turn, is connected to a source of material to be sprayed indicated generally by the numeral 26.
As shown in FIG. 1, the nozzles 12 and 14 are connected by means of the connecting means 16 so that the outlet openings 20 of the nozzles are disposed at an angle to each other and at an angle to a vertical plane A passing through the connecting means. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, the nozzles 12 and 14 are connected by means of the connecting means 16 so that the nozzles are canted at an angle to each other and to a horizontal plane B passing through the connecting means 16.
The nozzles 12 and 14 are disposed relative to each other so as to provide a shallow V-shaped pattern. For example, where the nozzle arrangement 10 is intended to be used to correct scratches, nicks, chips or other flaws on the body of an automobile, an abrasive, such as sand, and/or a volatile chemical solvent can be fed from supply source 26 through the hoses 24 into the nozzles 12 and 14. The nozzles 12 and 14 interact and are tapered against one another causing the outflowing mixture to abrade the surfaces of the automobile body and to taper the painted surface gradually to form a double-taper multi-angle gradual concave or shallow V-shape, when the surface is viewed at cross-section as in FIG. 4. This permits scratches, chips, etc., to be painted over without any further sanding as is required where prior art nozzles are employed. No other slurry streams of combination of chemical abrasive and air will provide this tapered effect upon a painted surface.
Where conventional nozzles are employed to spray an abrasive mixture on the painted surface of an automobile body, the blast patterns produced are essentially deep non-tapered rectangular grooves as shown in FIG. 5. In order to complete the preparation of the automobile body for repainting, the deep rectangular grooves must be sanded over, for example, by using sanding machines, to make a gradual taper over which fillers and paints can be applied. If the deep rectangular grooves are directly filled with fillers and then repainted over, a deep groove or scratch effect will be visible upon completion of thepaint job. However, where the nozzle arrangement of the invention is employed, the gradual concave or shallow V-shape blast patterns produced may be directly filled with fillers and repainted over, without the necessity for additional sanding before such fillers and paints can be applied. In order to obtain the double-taper multi-angle abrading action upon the treated surfaces, the nozzle arrangement is preferably operated at an angle less than 45 to the surface being cleansed.
The connecting means 16 employed to connect the nozzles 12 and 14 to each other at the desired angles may comprise any conventional connecting means, pivot means, or hinge means. The connecting means 16 as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 2A and 2B is adpated to allow movement of the nozzles 12 and 14 toward or away from each other to thereby narrow or widen the area covered by the nozzles. Furthermore, the connecting means 16 is adapted to allow adjustment of the position of the nozzles 12 and 14 and their outlet openings 20 up or down with respect to a horizontal plane B passing through the connecting means. The connecting means 16, as shown, comprises a pair of joining members 30 and 32 which are pivotally connected to each other by means of pivot pin 34. The joining members 30 and 32 include connecting posts 36 and 38, respectively, which includes an opening which is adapted to receive projection 40 which extends from nozzle 12 and projection 42 which extends from nozzle 14, respectively. The projections 40 and 42 are pivotally connected to the connecting posts 36 and 38, respectively, by means of pivot pins 44 and 46, respectively.
Where it is desired to widen or narrow the area covered by the nozzles, the nozzles 12 and 14 may be grasped and pivoted about pivot pin 34. Where it is desired to raise or lower the nozzles with respect to the connecting means 16, to thereby vary the taper or depth of the spray pattern produced, the nozzles 12 and 14 may be grasped and pivoted about pivot pins 44 and 46, respectively. In FIG. 3, the nozzles 12 and 14 are shown in their position after having been raised from the position shown in FIG. 2 by pivoting the nozzles 12 and 14 upwardly about the pivot pins 44 and 46.
It will be appreciated that any other conventional connecting means may be employed. For example, the connecting means may be fixed connecting means so that the relative positions of the nozzles 12 and 14 are fixed with respect to each other. Furthermore, the connecting means may include pivot means so as to allow only pivoting of the nozzles 12 and 14 toward or away from each other. In addition, the connecting means may include pivot means to allow only pivoting of the nozzles 12 and 14 up or down with respect to the connecting means 16. Other examples of connecting means which may be employed comprise conventional ball joint-type or swivel-type connecting means.
Another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention is shown in FIGS. 6 to8 and is generally identified by the numeral 50. The nozzle arrangement 50 includes nozzles 52 and 54 which are connected to each other by means of connecting means generally indicated by the numeral 16 and which may comprise any of the connecting means mentioned above with respect to FIGS. 1, 2, 2A, 2B and 3. The nozzles 52 and 54 each comprises body member 56 which includes outlet opening 58 and inlet 60 which is connected by means of hose 24 to asupply source 26 for material to be sprayed. The body member 56 of each of the nozzles 52 and 54 includes an inner passage 62 which connects the inlet 60 to the outlet opening 58. Disposed within the inner passage 62 are a plurality of inner partitions 64. The partitions 64 may comprise shutter of fin-type arrangements of convention design and are adapted to be movably positioned within the passage 62 so as to move between horizontal and vertical positions as well as any angular positions therebetween. In order to effect movement of the partitions 64, one or more of the partitions may be connected to a slide bar 66. A handle member 68 is connected to the slide bar 66 to facilitate movement of the slide bar 66 and thereby adjust the position of the inner partitions 64. The handle member 68 may comprise screw means which can be adjusted to fix or immobilize the position of the slide bar 66 so that the position of the partitions 64 may be fixed, as desired, and will not thereafter change position when material is sprayed through the nozzles 52 and 54.
The nozzle arrangement shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is adapted to be adjusted so that the configuration of the spray ofmaterial through the nozzles 52 and 54 may be adjusted or controlled. For example, as shown in FIG.
7, the position of the inner partitions may be adjusted by adjusting the position of the slide bar 66 so that the partitions 64 are in a substantially vertical position thereby dividing a portion of the inner passage 62 and the outlet opening 58 of the nozzles into a plurality of flow passages, as shown. If desired, the position of the inner partitions 64 may be adjusted to substantially horizontal position as shown in FIG. 8, thereby dividing the passage 62 and the outlet opening 58 into substantially two spray passages 70 and 72. It will also be understood that the position of the inner partitions 64 may be adjusted so that they are disposed at an angle thereby providing angular passages in the nozzles and the outlet openings thereof. Furthermore, the partitions in one nozzle may be disposed at different positions than the partitions in the other nozzle. For example, in nozzle 52, the partitions may be vertically disposed and in nozzle 54, the partitions may be disposed horizontally or at an angle.
It will also be appreciated that in the embodiment of the nozzles arrangement shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 as well as any of the other embodiments of the nozzle arrangement of this invention, there may be included means for closing off the opening outlets of the nozzles thereby preventing spray of material therethrough. Such closure means may comprise any conventional means such as a cap or conventional type pivoted closure member or cover adapted to close off the opening outlet.
Each of the nozzles employed in the nozzle arrangements of the invention may be connected to a common supply source, as shown in the previous embodiments, so that the same spray mixture is sprayed through each of the nozzles. However, if desired, each of the nozzles may be connected to a different supply source of material to be sprayed. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the passages formed by the partitions 64 may be connected to supply sources for different types of materials to be sprayed. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the inner partitions 64 form a plurality of flow passages such as passages 64a, 64b and 64c each of which may be connected by a conventional conduit, such as a hose 24, to different supply sources 26a, 26b, 260 as shown.
In FIG. 10, another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the invention is shown and is identified generally by the numeral 90. The nozzle arrangement includes a pair of nozzles 92 and 94 connected together by means of connecting means 16. The nozzles 92 and 94 comprise a plurality of sub-nozzles, such as 96, 98, and 102 which extend from body members 104 and 106. The body members 104 and 106 include interior passageways 108, 110, 112 and 114 which are in communication with sub-nozzles 96, 98, 100 and 102, respectively. Inlet means 116 of the nozzles 92 and 94 may be connected by means of hoses 24 to a supply source 26 of material to be sprayed.
In the end view of the nozzle arrangement of FIG. 10, as shown in FIG. 11, the nozzles 96, 98, 100 and 102 are clearly shown to be disposed at an angle to the connecting means 16 in accordance with the present invention.
As in t e case of the nozzle embodiment of FIG. 9, the nozz e embodiment of FIG. 10 may be adapted so that the passageways 108, 110, 112 and 114 may be connected to separate supply sources by means of conduits 24, as shown in FIG. 12.
Although in each of the embodiments discussed above, the nozzles employed are of substantially flat cross-section, other nozzles of different design may be employed such as nozzles having a square crosssection, a rectangular cross-section, an oval crosssection, a round cross-section, a triangular crosssection and the like. For example, in FIG. 13, a nozzle arrangement indicated generally by the numeral 120 includes nozzles 122 and 124 which have an oval crosssection as seen by the oval outlet opening 126 in the end view shown in FIG. 14. The nozzles 122 and 124 are shown disposed at an angle to each other and to the connecting means 16 is accordance with the invention.
FIG. illustrates another embodiment of the nozzle arrangement of the present invention identified generally by the numeral 150. The nozzle arrangement 150 includes nozzles 152 and 154 which are hinged together at 156. As shown, a portion of the nozzle 154 is disposed in a portion of the nozzle 152 and such portions are pivotally connected by pivot pin 158. The nozzles 152 and 154 are adapted to pivot about pivot pin 158 so as to widen or narrow the area covered by the nozzles. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 16, the nozzles 152 and 154 are disposed at an angle to the connecting means or pivot pin 158.
The nozzle arrangement of the invention may also include a hand adjusted member which may be controlled so as to vary the angle of the nozzles with re spect to each other and with respect to the connecting means. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a hand adjusted member generally indicated by the numeral 200 comprises a pair of rods 202 and 204 which are pivotally connected to each other at 206 and are each pivotally connected to the nozzles at 208 and 210. The rod members may be pivotally connected to each other and to the nozzles by means of conventional ball joints, swivel means or connecting means such as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. In this manner, the position of the nozzles may be moved up or down with respect to each other and the connecting means to vary the depth or taper of the resulting spray pattern by pivoting the nozzles about pivots 208 and 210. Furthermore, the nozzles may be pivoted about pivot 206 to move the nozzles back and forth or in and out and thereby narrow or widen the area covered by the nozzles.
Another embodiment of a hand adjusted member is shown in FIG. 15 and is generally identified by the numeral 170. The hand adjusted member 170 comprises rod members 172 and 174 which are fixedly connected to nozzles 154 and 152, respectively, and are pivotally connected to each other by means of pivot pin 176. A handle 178 is attached to the pivot pin 176 and the rods 172 and 174. The angles of the nozzles 152 and 154 with respect to each other may be controlled by merely moving the handle 178 toward or away from the pivot pin 176 as will be apparent to one skilled in the art.
It will also be appreciated that the connecting means employed in the present invention may be locked in place by conventional locking means so as to fix the position of the nozzles with respect to each other and the connecting means. Furthermore, a hand adjusted member such as member 200 or 170 may be employed in any of the nozzle arrangements of the invention. in place of or in conjunction with connecting means 16.
In all of the embodiments of the hand nozzle of the invention described herein, the nozzles employed are disposed at a fixed or variable angle to each other and to a vertical plane passing through the connecting means and are also canted at a fixed or variable angle with respect to each other and a horizontal plane passing through the connecting means. Furthermore. it will be appreciated that a plurality of nozzles may be employed in combination, preferably secured to each other and to connecting means, all of said nozzles being employed at the desired angles as indicated above. Each of the nozzle arrangements of the invention provide for an interaction of spray or flow of materials from the nozzles so as to provide a double taper multiangle abrading action to form a gradual concave or shallow V-like depression upon the surface being treated. Where the nozzle arrangements are employed for removing paint and preparing the surface of an automobile body for repainting, the nozzle arrangement will preferably be operated at an angle of less than 45 to the surface being cleansed.
It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles ofthis invention and that numerous other embodiments will become obvious to those who have ordinary skill in the art in light thereof.
What is claimed is:
l. A nozzle arrangement adapted to be connected to a source of material to be sprayed, comprising, in combination, at least a pair of nozzles, and connecting means for connecting said nozzles to each other in a manner such that said nozzles are disposed at an angle to a vertical plane passing through said connecting means so as to form a first V-like shape and said nozzles are canted at an angle to a horizontal plane passing through said connecting means so as to form a second V-like shape.
2. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said connecting means comprises at least first pivot means connecting said nozzles to each other in a manner such that said nozzles are at a variable angle to the vertical plane so that the area covered by said nozzles may be widened or narrowed.
3. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said connecting means comprises at least second pivot means connecting said nozzles to each other in a manner such that said nozzles are canted at a variable angle to said horizontal plane so that the depth or taper of the area covered by said nozzles may be varied.
4. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said connecting means comprises pivot means connecting said nozzles together in a manner such that said nozzles are disposed at a variable angle to said vertical plane to form said first V-like shape which is variable in shape and said nozzles are canted at a variable angle to said horizontal plane to form said second V-like shape which is variable in shape.
5. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein each of said nozzles comprises a body member including an outlet opening and an inlet connected thereto and an inner passage connecting said inlet with said outlet opening.
6. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 5 wherein said body member includes at least one partition therein dividing said inner passage into two pas sages.
7. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 6 wherein said partition is movable between at least horizontal and vertical positions.
8. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 7 including partition adjusting means for varying the position of said partition in said body member.
9. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 7 wherein each of said passages of said body member is adpated to be connected to a same or different source of material to be sprayed.
10. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim wherein said body member comprises a plurality of separate nozzle members each of said nozzle members having its own outlet opening.
11. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 10 wherein each of said nozzle members is connected to the same inlet which is adapted to be connected to a single conduit.
12. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 10 wherein each of said nozzle members is connected to a separate inlet, each inlet being adapted to be connected to a separate conduit and separate supply source for material to be sprayed.
13. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 including, in addition, a hand adjusted member pivotally connected to said nozzles, for controlling and varying the position of said nozzles with respect to each other and said connecting means.
14. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein a portion of one nozzle is disposed within a portion of the other nozzle, said connecting means pivotally connecting said nozzles to each other.
15. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 14 including, in addition, a hand adjusted member pivotally connected to said nozzles, for controlling and varying the position of said nozzles with respect to each other and said connecting means.

Claims (15)

1. A nozzle arrangement adapted to be connected to a source of material to be sprayed, comprising, in combination, at least a pair of nozzles, and connecting means for connecting said nozzles to each other in a manner such that said nozzles are disposed at an angle to a vertical plane passing through said connecting means so as to form a first V-like shape and said nozzles are canted at an angle to a horizontal plane passing through said connecting means so as to form a second V-like shape.
2. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said connecting means comprises at least first pivot means connecting said nozzles to each other in a manner such that said nozzles are at a variable angle to the vertical plane so that the area covered by said nozzles may be widened or narrowed.
3. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said connecting means comprises at least second pivot means connecting said nozzles to each other in a manner such that said nozzles are canted at a variable angle to said horizontal plane so that the depth or taper of the area covered by said nozzles may be varied.
4. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said connecting means comprises pivot means connecting said nozzles together in a manner such that said nozzles are disposed at a variable angle to said vertical plane to form said first V-like shape which is variable in shape and said nozzles are canted at a variable angle to said horizontal plane to form said second V-like shape which is variable in shape.
5. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein each of said nozzles comprises a body member including an outlet opening and an inlet connected thereto and an inner passage connecting said inlet with said outlet opening.
6. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 5 wherein said body member includes at least one partition therein dividing saiD inner passage into two passages.
7. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 6 wherein said partition is movable between at least horizontal and vertical positions.
8. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 7 including partition adjusting means for varying the position of said partition in said body member.
9. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 7 wherein each of said passages of said body member is adpated to be connected to a same or different source of material to be sprayed.
10. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 5 wherein said body member comprises a plurality of separate nozzle members each of said nozzle members having its own outlet opening.
11. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 10 wherein each of said nozzle members is connected to the same inlet which is adapted to be connected to a single conduit.
12. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 10 wherein each of said nozzle members is connected to a separate inlet, each inlet being adapted to be connected to a separate conduit and separate supply source for material to be sprayed.
13. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 including, in addition, a hand adjusted member pivotally connected to said nozzles, for controlling and varying the position of said nozzles with respect to each other and said connecting means.
14. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein a portion of one nozzle is disposed within a portion of the other nozzle, said connecting means pivotally connecting said nozzles to each other.
15. The nozzle arrangement in accordance with claim 14 including, in addition, a hand adjusted member pivotally connected to said nozzles, for controlling and varying the position of said nozzles with respect to each other and said connecting means.
US428203A 1973-05-15 1973-12-26 Nozzle arrangement Expired - Lifetime US3861598A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994018004A1 (en) * 1993-02-04 1994-08-18 Karl Heinz Kiess Nozzle of a sand blaster for dust-free blasting of plain surfaces
USH1379H (en) * 1991-06-25 1994-12-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Supersonic fan nozzle for abrasive blasting media
FR2750635A1 (en) * 1996-07-02 1998-01-09 Gen Traitements De Surfaces Apparatus for distressing jeans
FR2750633A1 (en) * 1996-07-02 1998-01-09 Gen Traitements De Surfaces Process for providing jeans with 'worn' look
US6000151A (en) * 1997-03-04 1999-12-14 Hayes; Paul Vacuum excavation apparatus having an improved air lance, air lance nozzle, and vacuum system including a multistage venturi ejector
US20050174385A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-11 Maher Colin G. High resolution ink jet printhead

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1676564A (en) * 1928-07-10 Gas burner
US2419393A (en) * 1944-05-12 1947-04-22 Francis J Doyle Fire nozzle control clamp
US3121639A (en) * 1960-10-19 1964-02-18 Dairy Foods Inc Spray drying process

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1676564A (en) * 1928-07-10 Gas burner
US2419393A (en) * 1944-05-12 1947-04-22 Francis J Doyle Fire nozzle control clamp
US3121639A (en) * 1960-10-19 1964-02-18 Dairy Foods Inc Spray drying process

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USH1379H (en) * 1991-06-25 1994-12-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Supersonic fan nozzle for abrasive blasting media
WO1994018004A1 (en) * 1993-02-04 1994-08-18 Karl Heinz Kiess Nozzle of a sand blaster for dust-free blasting of plain surfaces
FR2750635A1 (en) * 1996-07-02 1998-01-09 Gen Traitements De Surfaces Apparatus for distressing jeans
FR2750633A1 (en) * 1996-07-02 1998-01-09 Gen Traitements De Surfaces Process for providing jeans with 'worn' look
US6000151A (en) * 1997-03-04 1999-12-14 Hayes; Paul Vacuum excavation apparatus having an improved air lance, air lance nozzle, and vacuum system including a multistage venturi ejector
USRE38872E1 (en) 1997-03-04 2005-11-15 Utiliscope Corporation Vacuum excavation apparatus having an improved air lance, air lance nozzle, and vacuum system including a multistage venturi ejector
US20050174385A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-11 Maher Colin G. High resolution ink jet printhead
WO2005077027A2 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 Lexmark International, Inc. High resolution ink jet printhead
WO2005077027A3 (en) * 2004-02-10 2006-06-08 Lexmark Int Inc High resolution ink jet printhead
US7152951B2 (en) * 2004-02-10 2006-12-26 Lexmark International, Inc. High resolution ink jet printhead

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