US3861334A - Waste heat recovery - Google Patents
Waste heat recovery Download PDFInfo
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- US3861334A US3861334A US458275A US45827574A US3861334A US 3861334 A US3861334 A US 3861334A US 458275 A US458275 A US 458275A US 45827574 A US45827574 A US 45827574A US 3861334 A US3861334 A US 3861334A
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- duct
- waste heat
- heat boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/18—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a stack
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
Definitions
- This invention relates to an incinerator having a ducting arrangement for hot exhaust gas in which the hot gases exhausting from the incinerator into a waste heat boiler are tempered by gases which have already been cooled by passing through the waste heat boiler by giving up a significant portion of their heat to an independent heat exchange fluid.
- incinerators of both industrial and municipal types ordinarily include one or more combustion chambers having an exhaust duct for discharging the hot gaseous products of combustion into the atmosphere.
- Incinerators of this type satisfactorily eliminate all traces of combustible gases or particulate matter therein due to the high temperature maintained in the secondary combustion chamber through which the gases are directed before they are discharged to theatmosphere.
- the gases being exhausted from the secondary combustion chamber may be free from solid and gaseous pollutants, they are at an extremely high temperature, commonly ranging from 1,700 F. to 2,200 F., a temperature that may be handled only by special heat resistant apparatus attainable at extra cost.
- the hot exhaust gas Before the hot exhaust gas may be processed by conventional heat exchange equipment it is however necessary to reduce the temperature thereof to a level compatible with constituent materials of the heat exchanger.
- the usual approach is simply to dilute the hot gas with cold ambient air until a suitable low temperature is obtained. Such a procedure satisfactorily lowers the temperature of the hot gas to predetermined levels but it also wastes substantial quantities of heat in raising the cool ambient air to a suitably high temperature before exhausting it to the atmosphere.
- the device of this invention therefore lowers the gas temperature by tempering the hot gas with cooler but already heated gas exhausting therefrom. Inasmuch as no cool ambient air is admitted and then heated before being discharged to the atmosphere, the entire process attains a high degree of efficiency not attainable with other known arrangements.
- the apparatus particularly defines an incinerator arrangement wherein the hot exhaust gases thereof are directed in heat exchange relation with a heat exchange fluid in a waste heat boiler.
- the waste heat boiler may operate at a moderate temperature well below the usual temperature of the incinerator exhaust gas
- the incinerator exhaust gas is diluted with already cooled gas that is exhausting from the waste heat boiler.
- FIGURE is a schematic drawing that shows an incinerator with a waste heat boiler arranged according to this invention.
- an incinerator housing 10 surrounds a chamber 11 that is adapted to receive an amount of waste material to be burned from a storage container 12 that is separated therefrom by a suitable air-lock type feeding device 14.
- the incinerator is provided with a duct 16 that provides a source of air for combustion and an exhaust duct 18 through which gases of combustion are exhausted.
- Subjacent the incinerator housing 10 is an ash pit 22 to which ashes are dropped through trap-door arrangement shown schematically at 24.
- a clean-out door 26 is provided to remove any ash accumulation from the ash pit 22.
- the exhaust duct 18 is connected to an afterburner chamber 32 in which is positioned a burner 34 having a source of fuel 36 and air 16.
- the flow of air is regulated by a control valve 38 acting in response to thermocouple 42 downstream from the afterburner so that a predetermined temperature is maintained in the afterburner chamber.
- a waste heat boiler 44 is positioned in the exhaust duct for the incinerator, downstream from the afterburner 34.
- the waste heat boiler is provided with a passageway 46 through which a heat exchange fluid may be directed in heat exchange relation with the hot gases exhausting from the afterburner.
- the hot exhaust gases from the afterburner are directed to the inlet of a fan means 48 that in turn exhausts the gases through an outlet 52 to the atmosphere.
- the waste heat boiler 44 and all related equipment must be comprised of materials which are resistant to corrosion and erosion at high temperatures. Since such materials are generally expensive and difficult to obtain, this ar rangement will lower the temperature of the hot exhaust gas flowing into the waste heat boiler by tempering it with a cooler gas.
- a source of cooler gas, readily available for the tempering purposes is the hot gas being exhausted from the waste heat boiler at duct 52. Accordingly, I provide a recirculation duct 54 that extends from a point downstream from fan 48 to a point upstream from the waste heat boiler so that hot gas already cooled by passing through the waste heat boiler 44 is directed back into duct 18 to mix with the exhaust gas from the afterburner 34.
- a valve 56 is provided in the duct 52.
- This valve 56 is controlled by a control device 58 in response to a thermocouple 62 at the inlet of the waste heat boiler, and is adapted move toward a closed position upon an increase in temperature at the thermocouple in order that an increased amount of already cooled gas will be directed back through duct 54.
- a damper valve 64 just downstream from afterburner chamber 32 permits precise regulation of the exhaust gas flow from the afterburner necessary to obtain the desired flow conditions that dictate a predetermined temperature.
- gas exhausting from afterburner chamber 32 may be cooled to a predetermined temperature that is compatible with construction materials used in the manufacture of waste heat boiler 44.
- thermocouple 62 responding to temperature of thermocouple 62 is set to limit the temperature at the entrance of the waste heat boiler to 900 F.
- gases exhausting from the afterburner 34 may be l,700 F. or more
- the thermocouple 62 acting through controller 58 partially modulates valve 56 acting through controller 58 partially modulates valve 56 to force gas exhausting from waste heat boiler at approximately 250 F. to pass through duct 54 back to the inlet to the waste heat boiler where it is mixed with the hot gases exhausting from the afterburner until the resulting mixture at the thermocouple 62 is at the set point, which is in this instance 900 F.
- thermocouple 62 If the temperature at the thermocouple 62 should fall below the set point (900 F.), the thermocouple will signal the controller 58 to open valve 56 whereby there will be less back pressure at this point. Accordingly, less cool exhaust gas will recirculate through duct 54 back to the main exhaust duct to mix with the high temperature exhaust gas. There will be less dilution of the hot exhaust gas and its temperature will rise to compensate for its previous lowering.
- thermocouple 62 the thermocouple 62
- controller 58 will move valve 56 toward a closed position whereby there will be greater back-pressure upon the exhaust from fan 48 and increased flow back through duct 54 to provide increased dilution with the result that the temperature of the gas at the inletof the waste heat boiler will be lowered.
- Apparatus for the incineration of organic material including a primary combustion chamber having an inlet for waste material and an outlet for the exhaust of hot gases therefrom, a waste heat boiler having an inlet duct for hot gas and an outlet duct for cooled gas, a main duct connecting the outlet of the primary combustion chamber with the inlet duct of the waste heat boiler, 21 source of heat exchange fluid, means directing the heat exchange fluid through the waste heat boiler in heat exchange relation with the hot gas exhausting from the primary combustion chamber, an inlet port for recirculation gas located in the main duct in advance of the waste heat boiler, an outlet port for recirculation gas located in the outlet duct of the waste heat boiler, a recirculation duct connecting the inlet port to the outlet port, and means for moving cooled gas exhausting from the outlet port, and neons for moving cooled gas exhausting from the outlet duct of the heat boiler through the recirculation duct to the main duct to mix with the hot exhaust gas from the incinerator to lower the temperature thereof before it is directed through the
- Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 1 wherein the means for moving the cooled gas through the recirculation duct comprises an exhaust fan.
- Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 2 wherein the exhaust fan for moving the cooled gas through the recirculation duct is located in the outlet duct from the waste heat boiler.
- Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 3 including a damper means in the outlet duct leading from the waste heat boiler positioned downstream from the outlet port for recirculation gas.
- Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 4 including a thermocouple in the inlet duct leading to the waste heat boiler, and means responsive to said thermocouple for regulating the damper in the outlet duct of the waste heat boiler.
- thermocouple Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 5 wherein the means responsive to the thermocouple places a closing bias upon the damper in the outlet from the waste heat boiler in response to an increase in temperature on said thermocouple.
- Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 6 including a damper in the main duct in advance of the inlet port for recirculation gas controlling the flow of gas exhausting from the incinerator to the waste heat boiler.
- Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 1 including an afterburner in the main duct in advance of the inlet port for recirculation gas.
- Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 8 including a flow control means in the main duct intermediate the afterburner and the inlet port for recirculation gas adapted to control the flow of gas exhausting to the waste heat boiler.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus that reduces the high temperature of gas exhausting from an incinerator to a predetermined low temperature at which the exhaust gas may be effectively and efficiently utilized by a waste heat boiler comprised of standard materials.
Description
United States Patent Stockman Jan. 21, 1975 [5 WASTE HEAT RECOVERY 3,208,411 9/1965 Urban et al 110/10 3,680,500 8/1972 Pryor 110/8 [75] Invent ggg Smckman, Fnendshp 3,749,031 7/1973 Burden, Jr. 110/49 [73] Assign: w x i g fi Company Primary Examiner-Kenneth W. Sprague Attorney, Agent, or FirmWayne H. Lang [22] Filed: Apr. 5, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 458,275
[57] ABSTRACT 110/10 g g Apparatus that reduces the high temperature of gas 58] Fie'ld 8 a 10 exhausting from an incinerator to a predetermined low R 18 49R. temperature at which the exhaust gas may be effectively and efficiently utilized by a waste heat boiler [56] References Cited comprised of standard materials.
UNITED STATES PATENTS 9 Claims 1 Drawing Figure 2,811,937 11/1957 Bouchard 110/8 WASTE HEAT RECOVERY BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to an incinerator having a ducting arrangement for hot exhaust gas in which the hot gases exhausting from the incinerator into a waste heat boiler are tempered by gases which have already been cooled by passing through the waste heat boiler by giving up a significant portion of their heat to an independent heat exchange fluid.
2. Description of Prior Art Conventional incinerators of both industrial and municipal types ordinarily include one or more combustion chambers having an exhaust duct for discharging the hot gaseous products of combustion into the atmosphere. Incinerators of this type satisfactorily eliminate all traces of combustible gases or particulate matter therein due to the high temperature maintained in the secondary combustion chamber through which the gases are directed before they are discharged to theatmosphere. Although the gases being exhausted from the secondary combustion chamber may be free from solid and gaseous pollutants, they are at an extremely high temperature, commonly ranging from 1,700 F. to 2,200 F., a temperature that may be handled only by special heat resistant apparatus attainable at extra cost.
Such high temperature gas has substantial economic value, and various attempts have accordingly been made to utilize the heat contained therein before it is exhausted to the atmosphere.
Before the hot exhaust gas may be processed by conventional heat exchange equipment it is however necessary to reduce the temperature thereof to a level compatible with constituent materials of the heat exchanger. The usual approach is simply to dilute the hot gas with cold ambient air until a suitable low temperature is obtained. Such a procedure satisfactorily lowers the temperature of the hot gas to predetermined levels but it also wastes substantial quantities of heat in raising the cool ambient air to a suitably high temperature before exhausting it to the atmosphere.
The device of this invention therefore lowers the gas temperature by tempering the hot gas with cooler but already heated gas exhausting therefrom. Inasmuch as no cool ambient air is admitted and then heated before being discharged to the atmosphere, the entire process attains a high degree of efficiency not attainable with other known arrangements.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The apparatus particularly defines an incinerator arrangement wherein the hot exhaust gases thereof are directed in heat exchange relation with a heat exchange fluid in a waste heat boiler. In order that the waste heat boiler may operate at a moderate temperature well below the usual temperature of the incinerator exhaust gas, the incinerator exhaust gas is diluted with already cooled gas that is exhausting from the waste heat boiler.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The single FIGURE is a schematic drawing that shows an incinerator with a waste heat boiler arranged according to this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT In the drawings an incinerator housing 10 surrounds a chamber 11 that is adapted to receive an amount of waste material to be burned from a storage container 12 that is separated therefrom by a suitable air-lock type feeding device 14. The incinerator is provided with a duct 16 that provides a source of air for combustion and an exhaust duct 18 through which gases of combustion are exhausted. Subjacent the incinerator housing 10 is an ash pit 22 to which ashes are dropped through trap-door arrangement shown schematically at 24. A clean-out door 26 is provided to remove any ash accumulation from the ash pit 22.
The exhaust duct 18 is connected to an afterburner chamber 32 in which is positioned a burner 34 having a source of fuel 36 and air 16. The flow of air is regulated by a control valve 38 acting in response to thermocouple 42 downstream from the afterburner so that a predetermined temperature is maintained in the afterburner chamber.
In accordance with this invention a waste heat boiler 44 is positioned in the exhaust duct for the incinerator, downstream from the afterburner 34. The waste heat boiler is provided with a passageway 46 through which a heat exchange fluid may be directed in heat exchange relation with the hot gases exhausting from the afterburner.
After passing through the waste heat boiler the hot exhaust gases from the afterburner are directed to the inlet of a fan means 48 that in turn exhausts the gases through an outlet 52 to the atmosphere.
Inasmuch as the average temperature of gases exhausting from the afterburner chamber 32 may range from l,700 F. to 2,200 F., the ductwork. the waste heat boiler 44, and all related equipment must be comprised of materials which are resistant to corrosion and erosion at high temperatures. Since such materials are generally expensive and difficult to obtain, this ar rangement will lower the temperature of the hot exhaust gas flowing into the waste heat boiler by tempering it with a cooler gas.
A source of cooler gas, readily available for the tempering purposes is the hot gas being exhausted from the waste heat boiler at duct 52. Accordingly, I provide a recirculation duct 54 that extends from a point downstream from fan 48 to a point upstream from the waste heat boiler so that hot gas already cooled by passing through the waste heat boiler 44 is directed back into duct 18 to mix with the exhaust gas from the afterburner 34.
In order that cool gases from fan 48 are forced back through duct 54 instead of being exhausted directly to the atmosphere through duct 52, a valve 56 is provided in the duct 52. This valve 56 is controlled by a control device 58 in response to a thermocouple 62 at the inlet of the waste heat boiler, and is adapted move toward a closed position upon an increase in temperature at the thermocouple in order that an increased amount of already cooled gas will be directed back through duct 54.
A damper valve 64 just downstream from afterburner chamber 32 permits precise regulation of the exhaust gas flow from the afterburner necessary to obtain the desired flow conditions that dictate a predetermined temperature.
By this arrangement gas exhausting from afterburner chamber 32 may be cooled to a predetermined temperature that is compatible with construction materials used in the manufacture of waste heat boiler 44.
It is generally agreed that special materials resistant to high temperature be specified for construction when the temperature of the waste heat boiler is expected to exceed 900 F. Therefore, the controller 58 responding to temperature of thermocouple 62 is set to limit the temperature at the entrance of the waste heat boiler to 900 F. Inasmuch as gases exhausting from the afterburner 34 may be l,700 F. or more, the thermocouple 62 acting through controller 58 partially modulates valve 56 acting through controller 58 partially modulates valve 56 to force gas exhausting from waste heat boiler at approximately 250 F. to pass through duct 54 back to the inlet to the waste heat boiler where it is mixed with the hot gases exhausting from the afterburner until the resulting mixture at the thermocouple 62 is at the set point, which is in this instance 900 F.
If the temperature at the thermocouple 62 should fall below the set point (900 F.), the thermocouple will signal the controller 58 to open valve 56 whereby there will be less back pressure at this point. Accordingly, less cool exhaust gas will recirculate through duct 54 back to the main exhaust duct to mix with the high temperature exhaust gas. There will be less dilution of the hot exhaust gas and its temperature will rise to compensate for its previous lowering.
The opposite will be true for an increase in temperature at the thermocouple 62 beyond the predetermined set point. Here the controller 58 will move valve 56 toward a closed position whereby there will be greater back-pressure upon the exhaust from fan 48 and increased flow back through duct 54 to provide increased dilution with the result that the temperature of the gas at the inletof the waste heat boiler will be lowered.
While the arrangement ofthis invention has been defined with respect to particular temperatures, it should be understood that the embodiment shown is illustrative only and not restrictive of the invention.
I claim:
1. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material including a primary combustion chamber having an inlet for waste material and an outlet for the exhaust of hot gases therefrom, a waste heat boiler having an inlet duct for hot gas and an outlet duct for cooled gas, a main duct connecting the outlet of the primary combustion chamber with the inlet duct of the waste heat boiler, 21 source of heat exchange fluid, means directing the heat exchange fluid through the waste heat boiler in heat exchange relation with the hot gas exhausting from the primary combustion chamber, an inlet port for recirculation gas located in the main duct in advance of the waste heat boiler, an outlet port for recirculation gas located in the outlet duct of the waste heat boiler, a recirculation duct connecting the inlet port to the outlet port, and means for moving cooled gas exhausting from the outlet port, and neons for moving cooled gas exhausting from the outlet duct of the heat boiler through the recirculation duct to the main duct to mix with the hot exhaust gas from the incinerator to lower the temperature thereof before it is directed through the waste heat boiler.
2. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 1 wherein the means for moving the cooled gas through the recirculation duct comprises an exhaust fan.
3. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 2 wherein the exhaust fan for moving the cooled gas through the recirculation duct is located in the outlet duct from the waste heat boiler.
4. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 3 including a damper means in the outlet duct leading from the waste heat boiler positioned downstream from the outlet port for recirculation gas.
5. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 4 including a thermocouple in the inlet duct leading to the waste heat boiler, and means responsive to said thermocouple for regulating the damper in the outlet duct of the waste heat boiler.
6. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 5 wherein the means responsive to the thermocouple places a closing bias upon the damper in the outlet from the waste heat boiler in response to an increase in temperature on said thermocouple.
7. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 6 including a damper in the main duct in advance of the inlet port for recirculation gas controlling the flow of gas exhausting from the incinerator to the waste heat boiler.
8. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 1 including an afterburner in the main duct in advance of the inlet port for recirculation gas.
9. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 8 including a flow control means in the main duct intermediate the afterburner and the inlet port for recirculation gas adapted to control the flow of gas exhausting to the waste heat boiler.
l l i
Claims (9)
1. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material including a primary combustion chamber having an inlet for waste material and an outlet for the exhaust of hot gases therefrom, a waste heat boiler having an inlet duct for hot gas and an outlet duct for cooled gas, a main duct connecting the outlet of the primary combustion chamber with the inlet duct of the waste heat boiler, a source of heat exchange fluid, means directing the heat exchange fluid through the waste heat boiler in heat exchange relation with the hot gas exhausting from the primary combustion chamber, an inlet port for recirculation gas located in the main duct in advance of the waste heat boiler, an outlet port for recirculation gas located in the outlet duct of the waste heat boiler, a recirculation duct connecting the inlet port to the outlet port, and means for moving cooled gas exhausting from the outlet port, and neons for moving cooled gas exhausting from the outlet duct of the heat boiler through the recirculation duct to the main duct to mix with the hot exhaust gas from the incinerator to lower the temperature thereof before it is directed through the waste heat boiler.
2. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 1 wherein the means for moving the cooled gas through the recirculation duct comprises an exhaust fan.
3. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 2 wherein the exhaust fan for moving the cooled gas through the recirculation duct is located in the outlet duct from the waste heat boiler.
4. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 3 including a damper means in the outlet duct leading from the waste heat boiler positioned downstream from the outlet port for recirculation gas.
5. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 4 including a thermocouple in the inlet duct leading to the waste heat boiler, and means responsive to said thermocouple for regulating the damper in the outlet duct of the waste heat boiler.
6. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 5 wherein the means responsive to the thermocouple places a closing bias upon the damper in the outlet from the waste heat boiler in response to an increase in temperature on said thermocouple.
7. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 6 including a damper in the main duct in advance of the inlet port for recirculation gas controlling the flow of gas exhausting from the incinerator to the waste heat boiler.
8. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 1 includiNg an afterburner in the main duct in advance of the inlet port for recirculation gas.
9. Apparatus for the incineration of organic material as defined in claim 8 including a flow control means in the main duct intermediate the afterburner and the inlet port for recirculation gas adapted to control the flow of gas exhausting to the waste heat boiler.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US458275A US3861334A (en) | 1974-04-05 | 1974-04-05 | Waste heat recovery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US458275A US3861334A (en) | 1974-04-05 | 1974-04-05 | Waste heat recovery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3861334A true US3861334A (en) | 1975-01-21 |
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| US458275A Expired - Lifetime US3861334A (en) | 1974-04-05 | 1974-04-05 | Waste heat recovery |
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Cited By (40)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3996862A (en) * | 1975-02-13 | 1976-12-14 | Ontario Research Foundation | Waste disposal system |
| FR2316569A1 (en) * | 1975-06-18 | 1977-01-28 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corp | DEVICE FOR RECOVERING THE HEAT FROM THE EXHAUST GASES OF A HEAT GENERATOR |
| US4056068A (en) * | 1975-07-04 | 1977-11-01 | Von Roll Ag | Process for conditioning flue gases in waste material incineration plants with heat utilization |
| US4080910A (en) * | 1975-04-29 | 1978-03-28 | Von Roll Ag | Process for cooling the flue gases in waste material incineration plants without heat utilization |
| US4205614A (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1980-06-03 | Good Lewis D | Combustion for rubbish and refuse |
| US4285282A (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1981-08-25 | Russell E. Stadt | Rubbish and refuse incinerator |
| US4295822A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-10-20 | Campbell Crom B | Producer gas fueled burner system and drying apparatus |
| US4332206A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1982-06-01 | The Boeing Company | Afterburner for combustion of starved-air combustor fuel gas containing suspended solid fuel and fly ash |
| US4334484A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1982-06-15 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Biomass gasifier combustor |
| USRE31046E (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1982-10-05 | Lurgi Corporation | Incineration method and system |
| US4378208A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1983-03-29 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Biomass gasifier combustor |
| US4430951A (en) * | 1981-09-15 | 1984-02-14 | Steag Ag | Process for cleaning of flue gases of a power plant with the aid of a coal dust burning flame and apparatus for carrying out the process |
| US4453476A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1984-06-12 | Kelley Company, Inc. | Liquid waste feeding system for an incinerator |
| US4471702A (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1984-09-18 | Mckinlay Bruce A | Apparatus for burning waste material |
| US4483256A (en) * | 1982-02-24 | 1984-11-20 | Clayton & Lambert Manufacturing Co. | Biomass gasifier combustor system and components therefor |
| US4494467A (en) * | 1982-04-19 | 1985-01-22 | Daniel Berman | Apparatus and technique for combustion of methanol or similar fuels |
| US4531462A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1985-07-30 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Biomass gasifier combustor |
| US4784069A (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1988-11-15 | Foster Wheeler Usa Corporation | Chemical process fired heaters, furnaces or boilers |
| US4787842A (en) * | 1986-12-01 | 1988-11-29 | Stewart Systems, Inc. | Air circulation and exhaust control system for commercial ovens |
| US4870910A (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1989-10-03 | John Zink Company | Waste incineration method and apparatus |
| US4941819A (en) * | 1986-12-01 | 1990-07-17 | Stewart Systems, Inc. | Air circulation and exhaust control system for commercial ovens |
| US5002484A (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1991-03-26 | Shell Western E&P Inc. | Method and system for flue gas recirculation |
| US5005495A (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1991-04-09 | Feitel Frederick F | Apparatus and method for removing volatile organic contaminants from particulate material |
| US5040470A (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1991-08-20 | Shell Western E&P Inc. | Steam generating system with NOx reduction |
| US5142998A (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1992-09-01 | Feitel Frederick E | Apparatus and method for treating contaminated gas emissions |
| US5309850A (en) * | 1992-11-18 | 1994-05-10 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Incineration of hazardous wastes using closed cycle combustion ash vitrification |
| US5419284A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1995-05-30 | Hirakawa Guidom Corporation | Exhaust-gas fully fired type boiler and method of waste heat recovery using the same |
| US5816796A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1998-10-06 | The G. C. Broach Company | Flue gas control |
| US5820362A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1998-10-13 | The G. C. Broach Company | Fluid control |
| US5906806A (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 1999-05-25 | Clark; Steve L. | Reduced emission combustion process with resource conservation and recovery options "ZEROS" zero-emission energy recycling oxidation system |
| US6137026A (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2000-10-24 | Clark; Steve L. | Zeros bio-dynamics a zero-emission non-thermal process for cleaning hydrocarbon from soils zeros bio-dynamics |
| DE19922605A1 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2000-11-23 | Asea Brown Boveri | Garbage combustion method with following heat recovery, supplying cooling gas directly into boiler, and mixing it with smoke gases from combustion to mixture streamed directly on over-heater |
| US20030175631A1 (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2003-09-18 | Asahi Glass Company Limited | Method for reducing nitrogen oxides in combustion gas from combustion furnace |
| US6688318B1 (en) | 1996-10-16 | 2004-02-10 | Steve L. Clark | Process for cleaning hydrocarbons from soils |
| US20040134517A1 (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 2004-07-15 | Clark Steve L. | Process for cleaning hydrocarbons from soils |
| US20080078122A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-03 | Clark Steve L | Reduced-emission gasification and oxidation of hydrocarbon materials for hydrogen and oxygen extraction |
| US20080184621A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-08-07 | Clark Steve L | Reduced-emission gasification and oxidation of hydrocarbon materials for power generation |
| US20080275278A1 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2008-11-06 | Clark Steve L | Reduced-Emission Gasification and Oxidation of Hydrocarbon Materials for Liquid Fuel Production |
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| US20140011151A1 (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2014-01-09 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Shuttle kiln for firing ceramic porous bodies |
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| US4285282A (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1981-08-25 | Russell E. Stadt | Rubbish and refuse incinerator |
| US4295822A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-10-20 | Campbell Crom B | Producer gas fueled burner system and drying apparatus |
| US4378208A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1983-03-29 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Biomass gasifier combustor |
| US4531462A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1985-07-30 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Biomass gasifier combustor |
| US4334484A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1982-06-15 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Biomass gasifier combustor |
| US4332206A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1982-06-01 | The Boeing Company | Afterburner for combustion of starved-air combustor fuel gas containing suspended solid fuel and fly ash |
| US4453476A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1984-06-12 | Kelley Company, Inc. | Liquid waste feeding system for an incinerator |
| US4509437A (en) * | 1981-09-15 | 1985-04-09 | Steag Ag | Process for cleaning of flue gases of a power plant with the aid of a coal dust burning flame and apparatus for carrying out the process |
| US4430951A (en) * | 1981-09-15 | 1984-02-14 | Steag Ag | Process for cleaning of flue gases of a power plant with the aid of a coal dust burning flame and apparatus for carrying out the process |
| US4483256A (en) * | 1982-02-24 | 1984-11-20 | Clayton & Lambert Manufacturing Co. | Biomass gasifier combustor system and components therefor |
| US4494467A (en) * | 1982-04-19 | 1985-01-22 | Daniel Berman | Apparatus and technique for combustion of methanol or similar fuels |
| US4471702A (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1984-09-18 | Mckinlay Bruce A | Apparatus for burning waste material |
| US4784069A (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1988-11-15 | Foster Wheeler Usa Corporation | Chemical process fired heaters, furnaces or boilers |
| US4787842A (en) * | 1986-12-01 | 1988-11-29 | Stewart Systems, Inc. | Air circulation and exhaust control system for commercial ovens |
| US4792303A (en) * | 1986-12-01 | 1988-12-20 | Stewart Systems, Inc. | Air circulation and exhaust control system for commercial ovens |
| US4941819A (en) * | 1986-12-01 | 1990-07-17 | Stewart Systems, Inc. | Air circulation and exhaust control system for commercial ovens |
| US5040470A (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1991-08-20 | Shell Western E&P Inc. | Steam generating system with NOx reduction |
| US5002484A (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1991-03-26 | Shell Western E&P Inc. | Method and system for flue gas recirculation |
| US4870910A (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1989-10-03 | John Zink Company | Waste incineration method and apparatus |
| US5005495A (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1991-04-09 | Feitel Frederick F | Apparatus and method for removing volatile organic contaminants from particulate material |
| US5142998A (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1992-09-01 | Feitel Frederick E | Apparatus and method for treating contaminated gas emissions |
| US5419284A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1995-05-30 | Hirakawa Guidom Corporation | Exhaust-gas fully fired type boiler and method of waste heat recovery using the same |
| US5309850A (en) * | 1992-11-18 | 1994-05-10 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Incineration of hazardous wastes using closed cycle combustion ash vitrification |
| US7338563B2 (en) | 1996-10-16 | 2008-03-04 | Clark Steve L | Process for cleaning hydrocarbons from soils |
| US6688318B1 (en) | 1996-10-16 | 2004-02-10 | Steve L. Clark | Process for cleaning hydrocarbons from soils |
| US5906806A (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 1999-05-25 | Clark; Steve L. | Reduced emission combustion process with resource conservation and recovery options "ZEROS" zero-emission energy recycling oxidation system |
| US6024029A (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 2000-02-15 | Clark Steve L | Reduced emission combustion system |
| US6119606A (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 2000-09-19 | M. Ltd. | Reduced emission combustion process |
| US20040134517A1 (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 2004-07-15 | Clark Steve L. | Process for cleaning hydrocarbons from soils |
| US6137026A (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2000-10-24 | Clark; Steve L. | Zeros bio-dynamics a zero-emission non-thermal process for cleaning hydrocarbon from soils zeros bio-dynamics |
| US5820362A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1998-10-13 | The G. C. Broach Company | Fluid control |
| US5816796A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1998-10-06 | The G. C. Broach Company | Flue gas control |
| DE19922605A1 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2000-11-23 | Asea Brown Boveri | Garbage combustion method with following heat recovery, supplying cooling gas directly into boiler, and mixing it with smoke gases from combustion to mixture streamed directly on over-heater |
| US20030175631A1 (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2003-09-18 | Asahi Glass Company Limited | Method for reducing nitrogen oxides in combustion gas from combustion furnace |
| US6939125B2 (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2005-09-06 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Method for reducing nitrogen oxides in combustion gas from combustion furnace |
| US8038744B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2011-10-18 | Clark Steve L | Reduced-emission gasification and oxidation of hydrocarbon materials for hydrogen and oxygen extraction |
| US20080184621A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-08-07 | Clark Steve L | Reduced-emission gasification and oxidation of hydrocarbon materials for power generation |
| US7833296B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2010-11-16 | Clark Steve L | Reduced-emission gasification and oxidation of hydrocarbon materials for power generation |
| US20080078122A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-03 | Clark Steve L | Reduced-emission gasification and oxidation of hydrocarbon materials for hydrogen and oxygen extraction |
| US20080275278A1 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2008-11-06 | Clark Steve L | Reduced-Emission Gasification and Oxidation of Hydrocarbon Materials for Liquid Fuel Production |
| US8038746B2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2011-10-18 | Clark Steve L | Reduced-emission gasification and oxidation of hydrocarbon materials for liquid fuel production |
| US20120270170A1 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-10-25 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Thermal treatment apparatus and thermal treatment method |
| US9214371B2 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2015-12-15 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Thermal treatment apparatus and thermal treatment method |
| US20140011151A1 (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2014-01-09 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Shuttle kiln for firing ceramic porous bodies |
| US9776922B2 (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2017-10-03 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Shuttle kiln for firing ceramic porous bodies |
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