US3857088A - Apparatus for cleaning a mercury-dropping electrode of a through-flow polarographic analyzer - Google Patents

Apparatus for cleaning a mercury-dropping electrode of a through-flow polarographic analyzer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3857088A
US3857088A US00242044A US24204472A US3857088A US 3857088 A US3857088 A US 3857088A US 00242044 A US00242044 A US 00242044A US 24204472 A US24204472 A US 24204472A US 3857088 A US3857088 A US 3857088A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
solvent
analyzer
input port
mercury
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00242044A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Vesely
Z Bohac
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Vyzkumny Ustav Organickych Syntez AS
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Vyzk Ustav Organ Syntez
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/34—Dropping-mercury electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/38—Cleaning of electrodes

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Solid impurities that accumulate on the mercury dropping electrode of a polarographic analyzer are periodically dissolved by washing with a suitable solvent at prescribed intervals such intervals are chosen to be less than the time necessary for such accumulation to become sufficient to adversely affect the polarographic current during the continuous measurement, in the analyzer, of a test liquid containing such impurities.
  • the solvent is introduced into the analyzer through an input port separate from that used to introduce the test liquid. The washing is accomplished by flowing the solvent over the electrode without immersing it in the solvent.
  • Such liquid may typically comprise a solution or suspension having solid impurities therein.
  • the test liquid from the reaction chamber is introduced through a first input port of the analyzer into a measuring space in which a mercury-dropping electrode is situated.
  • the electrode introduces mercury into the test liquid to electrolyze the liquid and thereby to facilitate the electrical sensing (e.g., temperature, pH, etc.) necessary to derive the required curves.
  • a second input port is provided in the analy zer for introducing a suitable solvent into the measuring space to expose the electrode thereto.
  • the solvent is introduced at periodic intervals smaller than the elapsed time necessary for the accumulated solid impurities to cause a predetermined increase in the resistance of the electrode.
  • the electrode is vertically located above the overflow to prevent immersion and the solvent is flowed over the electrode.
  • FIGURE is a pictorial representation of a through-flow polarographic analyzer having facilities for periodically flowing a solvent for solid impurities over the mercury-dropping electrode while the latter is maintained above the overflow level in the analyzer.
  • a through-flow polarographic analyzer designated generally at 21 is adapted in a conventional manner to measure specified characteristics of a test liquid.
  • the liquid is introduced into a first input port 22 from a suitable reaction chamber (not shown).
  • the port 22 communicates, within the analyzer, with a measuring space 4 in which a conventional mercury-dropping electrode 3 is situated.
  • mercury from the electrode 3 is dropped through the test liquid in the space 4 to effectively electrolyze the liquid for electrical sensing.
  • the liquid is withdrawn from the measuring space through an output port designated generally at 23.
  • the port 23 includes an overflow 5 disposed at a vertical level indicated by the dotted line.
  • the mercury accumulates in a pool 14 at the bottom of the measuring space 4, and such mercury may be withdrawn through a second overflow 16.
  • test liquid into the measuring space via the port 22 causes the solid impurities in such liquid to accumulate on the mercuryemitting mouth of the electrode 3.
  • the buildup of such accumulation progressively restricts the drop size of the emitted mercury and increases the electrical resistance of the electrode, thereby deleteriously affecting the current through the electrolyzed test liquid.
  • a second input port 24 through which a solvent, suitable for dissolving the solid impurities that collect on the electrode 3, is continually introduced to the electrode 3 mouth space through a tube 1.
  • the electrode 3 is positioned in the measuring space 4 above the level of overflow 5.
  • a constricted end 2 of the tube 1 terminates adjacent and above the electrode 3 to flow the solvent over the electrode at periodic intervals.
  • the advantage of the arrangement of the invention over the prior art is that the introduction of the solvent and the washing of the electrode with such solvent may be done without the necessity of stopping this reactionmeasurement process for the long intervals necessary to manually clean and dry, or alternatively disassemble and replace, the electrode 3.
  • the nature of the solvent is of course determined by the character of the impurity to be dissolved for example, when the impurities are resinous compounds such as dyestuffs which represent the reaction products of a decomposition of diazo-compounds, sulfuric acid is a suitable solvent.
  • a polarographic analyzer including a first input port, an output port having an overflow port at a first vertical level within the analyzer, a measuring space defined between the first input port and the output port, means for introducing into the first input port a test liquid having solid impurities therein, and electrode means disposed in the measuring space for dropping the electrode means, the solvent flowing over the electrode without immersing the electrode in the solvent.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
US00242044A 1971-04-07 1972-04-07 Apparatus for cleaning a mercury-dropping electrode of a through-flow polarographic analyzer Expired - Lifetime US3857088A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS2462A CS151285B1 (cs) 1971-04-07 1971-04-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3857088A true US3857088A (en) 1974-12-24

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US00242044A Expired - Lifetime US3857088A (en) 1971-04-07 1972-04-07 Apparatus for cleaning a mercury-dropping electrode of a through-flow polarographic analyzer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3857088A (cs)
CH (1) CH537016A (cs)
CS (1) CS151285B1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2132739B1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1355013A (cs)
IT (1) IT967049B (cs)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4917776A (en) * 1989-02-09 1990-04-17 Larry Taylor Flow through voltammetric analyzer and method using deoxygenator
WO1992022810A1 (en) * 1991-06-11 1992-12-23 Milton Roy Company Calibration of streaming current detection
US6107803A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-08-22 Wang; Junli Streaming current sensor
WO2002046717A3 (en) * 2000-12-05 2003-05-01 Ionguard Ltd Recycling and purification of dropping mercury electrode

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU189209A1 (ru) * УСТРОЙСТВО дл ПОТЕНЦИОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ
US2962432A (en) * 1957-06-14 1960-11-29 Exxon Research Engineering Co Polarographic apparatus
US3275541A (en) * 1963-03-27 1966-09-27 Honeywell Inc Polarographic cell with membrane cleaning means
US3475310A (en) * 1966-04-06 1969-10-28 Exxon Research Engineering Co Self-cleaning mercury electrode

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU189209A1 (ru) * УСТРОЙСТВО дл ПОТЕНЦИОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ
US2962432A (en) * 1957-06-14 1960-11-29 Exxon Research Engineering Co Polarographic apparatus
US3275541A (en) * 1963-03-27 1966-09-27 Honeywell Inc Polarographic cell with membrane cleaning means
US3475310A (en) * 1966-04-06 1969-10-28 Exxon Research Engineering Co Self-cleaning mercury electrode

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Milner; G., Principles and Applications of Polarography; Longmans Green & Co., London, 1957, pp. 19 22. *
Stock; J., Polarographic Micro Analysis; Chem. Products, Jan. Feb. 1944, pp. 23 26. *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4917776A (en) * 1989-02-09 1990-04-17 Larry Taylor Flow through voltammetric analyzer and method using deoxygenator
WO1992022810A1 (en) * 1991-06-11 1992-12-23 Milton Roy Company Calibration of streaming current detection
US5220283A (en) * 1991-06-11 1993-06-15 Milton Roy Company Calibration of streaming current detection
US6107803A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-08-22 Wang; Junli Streaming current sensor
WO2002046717A3 (en) * 2000-12-05 2003-05-01 Ionguard Ltd Recycling and purification of dropping mercury electrode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CS151285B1 (cs) 1973-09-17
FR2132739B1 (cs) 1977-01-14
CH537016A (de) 1973-05-15
GB1355013A (en) 1974-06-05
DE2216430B2 (cs) 1975-06-19
FR2132739A1 (cs) 1972-11-24
DE2216430A1 (de) 1972-10-12
IT967049B (it) 1974-02-28

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