US3856555A - Method for drying an electrophotographic support element - Google Patents
Method for drying an electrophotographic support element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3856555A US3856555A US00321817A US32181773A US3856555A US 3856555 A US3856555 A US 3856555A US 00321817 A US00321817 A US 00321817A US 32181773 A US32181773 A US 32181773A US 3856555 A US3856555 A US 3856555A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- support element
- air
- drying
- front surface
- foraminous member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000012487 rinsing solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012050 conventional carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/24—Arrangements of devices using drying processes not involving heating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/10—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a liquid developer
- G03G15/11—Removing excess liquid developer, e.g. by heat
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A method for drying an electrophotographic support element containing on its front surface a latent electrostatic image which has been developed in a liquid medium, in which the support element is placed on a downwardly inclined foraminous member so that its back surface contacts the foraminous member and its front surface is directed away from the foraminous member, and cool air is circulated over the front surface and the back surface of the support element so as to evaporate the volatile components of the liquid medium from the support element.
- the method and apparatus are particularly useful for drying support elements which are of unusually large size and weight and which have toned images of a type rendering the support elements suitable for use as lithographic masters or offset printing plates on a printing press.
- This invention relates to a method and apparatus for drying anelectrophotographic support element containing on its front surface a latent electrostatic image which has been developed in a liquid medium.
- parconductive medium havingv latent electrostatic images thereon which were developed and rendered visible by a liquid toning medium, have been dried by applyingheat thereto to evaporate the volatile components of the liquid toning medium or developing solution and to leave residual pigmented toner material in image areas of the supp'ort'element.
- Such support elements were often run through the nip betweensqueegee rolls to initially remove excess liquid toning medium or developing solution from the surface thereof. Alternatively, air doctors were utilized for this purpose. Contrary to dry or powdered toner mixes, such liquid toning media or developing solutions have not required fusing to permanently adhere them to the support element.
- Dry toners include fusible, pigmented resin particles which melt, coalesce and adhere to the support element when subjected to sufficiently high temperature
- liquid toners include ink formulations or very fine pigment suspensions in a carrier liquid which is usually highly volatile to facilitate rapid drying.
- the particle size of the pig- 2 compared to that of the pigment particles in a liquid toner and, accordingly, when fused, a dry toner provides an image with greater body or depth of toner.
- a latent electrostatic image can be developed by a liquid developing solution containing fusible pigmented resinous particles of a size and type normally used in dry toners. Such particles normally settle out in the carrier liquid so that turbulent conditions must be maintained during mixing thereof to maintain the particles in suspension, and the liquid developer is preferably circulated over the sup port element during development of the image thereon.
- drying of the resulting image and the support element on which the image is disposed must be accomplished in a manner which avoids disturbing the image or exerting disruptive forces upon the pigment particles forming the image. This necessarily implies and a streaked appearance.
- a principle objective and advantage of this invention is to dry an electrophotographic support element having on its front surface a latent electrostatic image, which has been substantially uniformly covered with toner particles, without losing image resolution or causing streaking.
- an electrophotographic support element containing on its front surface a latent electrostatic image which has been toned and rendered visible by immersion of the support element in a liquid developing solution comprising a mixture of charged t'oner particles in a carrier liquid.
- the support element is placed on a downwardly inclined foraminous member so thatits back surface contacts the foraminous member and its front surface is directed away from the foraminous member. Air is circulated over the front surface and the back surface of the support element so as to evaporate the carrier liquid and to leave the toner particles attached to the support element. Air is preferably sequentially circulated over the front surface and then over the back surface of the support element.
- the apparatus of the present invention includes wall means defining a drying chamber and means for supporting the support element in a downwardly inclined position in the drying chamber so that the drying chamber is partially divided into at least two compartments by the support element. At least one end of the support element is spaced from the wall means, preferably that portion thereof which defines the bottom of the drying chamber, to leave a communicating passageway between the compartments in the drying chamber. Air inlet means and air outlet means are disposed on opposite sides of the support element, and circulating means are provided for creating a flow of air from the air inlet means to the air outlet means through the drying chamber.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional side elevation view of developing apparatus, which includes an embodiment of the drying apparatus of the present invention which is capable of accomplishing the method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, showing the developing chamber of the developing apparatus used in the development of the image on the support element to be dried.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional elevation view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1, showing the rinsing chamber of the developing apparatus used in the development of the image on the support element to be dried.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional elevation view taken along line 4-4 of HO. 1, showing the drying apparatus of the present invention in greater detail.
- the method and apparatus of the present invention are used to dry an electrophotographic support element which has been immersed in a liquid developing solution in order to develop a latent electrostatic image on one of its'surfaces.
- the invention has found particular utility and, indeed, is practically necessary for drying support elements containing latent electrostatic images which have been developed and rendered visible in-a unique manner in order to permit the support element-s to be utilized as lithographic printing plates on an offset press.
- this unique development process comprises contacting the surface of the support element which contains the latent electrostatic image with a liquid developing solution, which has toner particles therein which are preferably of a size and density such that they readily settle in the carrier liquid portion of the liquid developing solution upon cessation of turbulence in the liquid developing solution.
- a liquid toner solution is to be contrasted with one having pigment or toner particles of sufficiently small size and density as to be substantially permanently held in suspension by Brownian movement.
- the contact with the liquid developing solution described is maintained for a period of time sufficient to permit all portions of the electrostatic image to be rendered visible.
- portions of the electrostatic image will be overdeveloped, that is, they contain more charged toner particles than is required to render the image visible while other portions of the electrostatic image are merely fully developed.
- enough of these large toner particles are attached to imaged portions of the support element to completely cover the imaged portion.
- the particles which are attached are of a fusible resinous nature as well as being pigmented so that they provide a body of material in the image area which, when fused and adhered to the support element, is capable of withstanding rigorous treatment and long service on a printing press and which, in instances where desired, can be made to have a relative high degree of surface relief, depending on the particular form of printing to be carried out or other use which is desired.
- the support element is withdrawn from the liquid developing solution and subjected to a rinsing operation to remove excess toner particles from portions of the support element, including stray toner particles in background areas of the imaged surface as well as excess toner particles in image portions of the imaged surface. This is accomplished by immersing the support element in a rinsing solution and by circulating the rinsing solu tion over the surface of the sheet support element.
- a typical carrier liquid for the liquid developing solution which also serves satisfactorily as the rinsing solution when it does not have toner particles therein, is a liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon such as lsopar G.
- This image is comprised of toner particles of a fusible, resinous, pigmented nature and of a particle size similar to that of toner particles in dry toner mixes commonly used in photocopy machines.
- toner particles can be maintained in suspension in a conventional carrier liquid only by continuous agitation. Upon cessation of the agitation, circulation or turbulence, they readily settle to the bottom. These particles are electrostatically charged and therefore are held by charges to the electrostatically charged image portions of the support .element.
- Some of the carrier liquid in the developing solution is also unavoidably retained on the surfaces of the support element and on the toner particles in the image portions thereof.
- the visible image may be subjected to close inspection at this point in the process and any deletions of objectionable image portions may be made without destroying the desired image portions.
- the image portions to be removed may be physically wiped from the surface of the support element. This is particularly important where the image formed is to be reproduced many times on a printing press and where, therefore, an error in the image could be very costly.
- the support element when it is removed from the rinsing tank, it retains a considerable quantity of liquid on both of its surfaces, some of which will run off of the. sheet when it is held in an inclined disposition. Accordingly, the sheet is disposed in a drying chamber in'a downwardly inclined position leaving both the front surface and the back surface of the support element substantially exposed to the interior of the drying chamber;
- the support element In order to accomplish'drying in a uniform manner the support element is preferably inverted so that the end thereof which was last to emerge from the rinsing solution is upwardly disposed in the drying chamber. This causes the developing solution and the rinsing solution thereon to drain downwardly over the surfaces of the support element and off the bottom.
- such air is sequentially circulated first over the front surface of the support element containing the developed electrostatic image and then over the back surface of the support element to' evaporate the volatile portions of the developing or the rinsing solution thereon.
- the air is emitted near the top of the front surface of the support element as it is disposed in the drying chamber so that it assists in urging excess liquid developing solution downwardly and off the lower end of the support element.
- the above-described method of the invention provides a way of drying an electrophotographic support element in' a way which does not disturb the fragile powder image contained thereon. In addition, it eliminates the problems associated with providing heat by heated roll or hot air through the chamber, and the tolerances involved in using squeegee rolls, doctors or air knives.
- FIG. I shows a combined developing and drying apparatus which incorporates, as a part thereof, an embodiment of the drying apparatus of the present invention, by means of which the method ofthe invention can be carried out.
- the developing apparatus includes a developing chamber, indicated generally by reference numeral It); a rinsing chamber, indicated generally by reference numeral II;
- FIG. 2 The developing chamber 10 and apparatus associated therewith is shown in greater detail in FIG. 2, the rinsing chamber II and apparatus associated therewith isshown in greater detail in FIG. 3, and the .drying chamber 12 and apparatus associated therewith is shown in greater detail in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 4 the piping or duct work associated with each chamber is schematically illustrated in line form, details of the actual construction necessary to convey the liquid or gas in the indicated places being well within the knowledge of one skilled in the art.
- the developing chamber I0 is defined by vertical side walls I3 and Ml, vertical end walls I5 and I6, and a horizontal bottom wall I7.
- a centrally located opening in the bottom wall I7 communicates with a drain I3.
- a shallow mixing chamber 20, defined by the vertical end walls I5 and 16 and side walls 21, 22 and 13, is positioned along the top edge of the developing chamber III so that developing solution mixed therein flows over the top edge of theside wall 13 and into the developing chamber 10 at a rate sufficient to keep the level of developing solution in chamber III at or near the top of the side wall I3.
- the two'vertical side walls I3 and 14 are closely spaced from one another to provide a narrow vertical developing chamber III which is open at the top and in which a support element 23 having a latent electrostatic image on its front surface can be vertically suspended for a sufficient period of time to develop that image in the manner described above.
- the vertical disposition of the development chamber 10 permits a developing solution to be utilized which contains toner particles having a size and density such that they readily settle in the carrier liquid.
- the side wall I3 of the developing chamber III is electrically connected to ground potential so I that it serves as a developing electrode, enhancing the speed and uniformity of image development.
- the close spacing of the side walls I3 and I4 ensures that a support element in the development chamber 10 will be always close to the side wall I3 which is grounded, preferably with its imaged front surface facing the side wall I3.
- the drain I8 is connected by apipe M to a pump 25 which provides a motive force for circulating the developing solution through the developing chamber 10.
- the pump feeds material through a valve 26 which, when set in one direction, directs the liquid developing solution to a drain 27 as when the developing chamber 10 is to be emptied, and when set in the other position, directs the developing solution through pipes 28 and 30 to apair of valves 31 and 32, respectively.
- the valves 31 and 32 in one setting, direct the'developing solution through pipes 33 and 34, respectively, to double-ended nozzles 35 and 36, respectively, disposed in the mixing chamber'20 beneath the surface of developing solution therein.
- the nozzles 35 and 36 are horizontally disposed along the mixing chamber 20 and emit liquid developer in different directions and under considerable force through their ends to create agitation and turbulent flow conditions within the mixing chamber 20 which mixes the toner particles and maintains them in temporary suspension in the carrier liquid.
- the valves 31 and 32 direct liquid developer through pipes 37 and 38, respectively, to opposite ends of an agitator pipe disposed along the bottom wall 17 of the developing chamber 10 beneath the lower'end of the electrophotographic support element 23.
- the agitator pipe 40 has a plurality of openings 41 along its length through which the developing solution is emitted under pressure from the pump 25 to stir up any toner particles which have settled so that they flow toward the drain 18.
- the rinsing chamber 11 is defined by vertical side walls 42 and 43, vertical endwalls 44 and 45, and a horizontal bottom wall 46, which has a centrally located opening therein communicating with a drain 47.
- the rinsing chamber 11 is also of a size, shape and disposition permitting an electrophotographic support element such as 23 to be vertically disposed therein; that is, the side walls 42 and 43 are closely spaced from one another so as to form a narrowvertical chamber in which large elements can be accommodated and exposed to a rinsing solution without requiring extensive quantities of the rinsing solution.
- the drain 47 is connected-by a pipe 48 to a pump 50 which provides the motive force for recirculating rinsing solution through the rinsing chamber 11.
- the pump 50 is connected by a pipe 51 to a valve 52 which in one position directs the rinsing solution to a drain 53 when the rinsing chamber 11 is to be emptied, but in the other position directs the rinsing solution through a pipe 54 to a filter 55 from which concentrate in the form of toner particles may be removed through a pipe 56 and filtered rinsing solution may be removed through a pipe 57 which is then fed through two pipes 58 and 60 which connect with openings in the top of each end wall 44 and 45, respectively, of the rinsing chamber 11.
- the downward flow of the rinsing solution tends to assist excess toner particles, which are dislodged from a support element being rinsed, to quickly settle out from the rinsing solution to the bottom of the rinsing chamber 11 and hence through the drain 47.
- the drying apparatus of the present invention comprises a drying chamber 12 defined by vertical side walls 14 and 42, end walls 61 and 62, horizontal bottom wall 63 and a hinged top wall 64.
- the top wall 64 can be opened to the position shown in phantom in FIG. 1 to permit support elements to be inserted into the drying chamber 12 for drying.
- a pair of foraminous support members 65 and 66 are disposed within the drying chamber 12 in a downwardly inclined attitude.
- the support members 65 and 66 have their lower ends spaced from the bottom wall 63 and the side walls 14 and 42 of the drying chamber 12 and from each other, and their upper ends are attached to the side walls 14 and 42, respectively, of the drying chamber 12.
- a support element to be dried is disposed upon one of the support members 65 and 66 with its unimaged back surface in contact with the foraminous support member and its imaged front surface directed'away from the support member.
- Each of the support members 65 and 66 has an inwardly depending lip 67 and 68, respectively, at its lower end, upon which the lower end of a support element to be dried rests.
- the support element and the respective support member upon which it rests divides the drying chamber into two compartments; one behind the support member and one in front of the support member.
- the support element has both surfaces exposed to the atmosphere inside the drying chamber since the support member is foraminous and has many openings therethrough.
- Some means such as clips (not shown) may be provided to more firmly hold the support ele ment in contact with the foraminous support member.
- a feed pipe 70 having a plurality of openings 71 along its length is centrally disposed across the top of the drying chamber 12 and is connected through the end wall 62 by a duct 72 to a fan 73 which feeds air under pressure to the interior of the drying chamber 12 where it is directed toward the surface of the support members 65 and 66.
- Air removal pipes 74 and 75 are disposed near the upper back portion of each respective support member 65 and 66 between the support member and the respective side walls 14 and 42.
- the removal pipes 74 and 75 are connected by pipes 76 to a fan 77 which creates a partial vacuum within each of the removal pipes 74 and 75 to assist in creating a flow of air from the inlet opening to the outlet opening of the drying chamber 12.
- One of the fans 73 or 77 might be omitted as long as the other fan provided a sufficient means for creating a flow of air through the drying chamber 12. Since the support members 65 and 66 are foraminous, that is, since they have a large number of openings 78 over their area permitting one side to communicate with the other, the drying air has sufficient contact with the back surface of the support element disposed thereon to evaporate any residual developing solution contained thereon.
- a support element containing a latent electrostatic image on one of its surfaces which has been developed by immersion, first in the developing chamber 10 as described above, and then in the rinsing chamber 11 as described above, is disposed upon one of the support members 65 or 66 with its lower end resting upon the lip 67 or 68, respectively, at the bottom ofthe support member 65 or 66 and its imaged surface directed away from the foraminous support member.
- the hinged top wall 64 to the drying chamber 12 is then closed to confine the support element within the drying chamber 12. Air is then admitted to the central compartment of the drying chamber 11, and directed over the front surface of the support element starting near the top thereof as it is disposed in the drying chamber 12.
- the air is directed from ports or openings 71 in the feed pipe 70 in a direction preferably downwardly over the front Surface of the support element, causing volatile components in the liquid developing solution thereon to evaporate. Downward movement of the drying air is also generally promoted throughout that compartment of the drying chamber 12 by means v of either the fan 73, or the fan 77, or both.
- the air passes beneath the lower end of the support element and then flows upwardly along the back surface of the foraminous member 65 or 66 and in at least partial contact with the back surface of the support element the drawings, it can be seen that the invention provides a novel method and apparatus for drying an electrophotographic support element containing on its front surface a latent electrostatic image which has been developed in a liquid medium.
- the drying apparatus and method enables a support element to'be dried without disturbing the image formed by the toner particles thereon in a way which would cause streaking or loss of resolution.
- the method and apparatus can be used to dry images having a greater quantity of toner material thereon, such as one formed by toner particles having a larger particle size. Such an image results in a more permanent image area which will withstand the forces which are experienced on a printing press.
- a method for drying an electrophotographic support element containing on its front surface a latent electrostatic image which has been toned and rendered visible by immersion of said support element in a developing solution comprising a mixture of charged toner particles in a carrier liquid comprising W placing said support element carrying the developed image on a downwardly inclined foraminous member so that its back surface contacts said foraminous member and its front surface is directed away from said foraminous member, and circulating relatively cool air over said front surface and said back surface so as to evaporate said carrier liquid and to leave said toner particles attached to said support element.
- a method for drying an electrophotographic support element containing on its front surface a latent electrostatic image which has been toned and rendered visible by immersion of said support element in a developing solution comprising a mixture of charged toner particles and a carrier liquid comprising placing said support element downwardly within a drying chamber which has an air inlet and an air outlet spaced from the air inlet, the support element being placed between said air inlet and air outlet to divide the drying chamber into two compartments, one behind the support element and one in front of the support element, both surfaces of the support element being at least partially exposed to the atmosphere inside the drying chamber and spaced from the wall means defining the drying chamber at the end of the support element fartherest from the air inlet and air outlet to form the only air passageway between the two compartments, and
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Wet Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00321817A US3856555A (en) | 1971-05-06 | 1973-01-08 | Method for drying an electrophotographic support element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14088971A | 1971-05-06 | 1971-05-06 | |
US00321817A US3856555A (en) | 1971-05-06 | 1973-01-08 | Method for drying an electrophotographic support element |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3856555A true US3856555A (en) | 1974-12-24 |
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ID=26838564
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US00321817A Expired - Lifetime US3856555A (en) | 1971-05-06 | 1973-01-08 | Method for drying an electrophotographic support element |
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US (1) | US3856555A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5077570A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1991-12-31 | Schell Barry E | Photo processing work station |
US5537178A (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-07-16 | Aofa-Gevaert N.V. | Apparatus for the processing of photographic sheet material |
US6572214B2 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2003-06-03 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Inkjet printing systems using filter fluid interconnects for pigmented inks |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2959870A (en) * | 1957-07-24 | 1960-11-15 | Vandercook & Sons Inc | Proof drying cabinet |
US2994134A (en) * | 1959-08-21 | 1961-08-01 | Virgil K Adams | Photoprint drier |
US3158447A (en) * | 1961-04-27 | 1964-11-24 | Polaroid Corp | Method for drying photographic sheet materials |
US3203106A (en) * | 1961-04-24 | 1965-08-31 | Sta Hi Corp | Apparatus for drying stereotype mats |
US3330189A (en) * | 1966-09-02 | 1967-07-11 | Nuclear Corp Of America | Fixing system for copy machine |
US3340618A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1967-09-12 | Quik Chek Electronics And Phot | Hinged dryer assembly |
US3465122A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1969-09-02 | Eichner Org Gmbh | Control arrangement for copying devices |
US3583805A (en) * | 1967-11-14 | 1971-06-08 | Minolta Camera Kk | Device for drying and fixing in electronic photocopying machine |
US3724096A (en) * | 1971-05-06 | 1973-04-03 | Scott Paper Co | Apparatus for drying an electrophotographic support |
-
1973
- 1973-01-08 US US00321817A patent/US3856555A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2959870A (en) * | 1957-07-24 | 1960-11-15 | Vandercook & Sons Inc | Proof drying cabinet |
US2994134A (en) * | 1959-08-21 | 1961-08-01 | Virgil K Adams | Photoprint drier |
US3203106A (en) * | 1961-04-24 | 1965-08-31 | Sta Hi Corp | Apparatus for drying stereotype mats |
US3158447A (en) * | 1961-04-27 | 1964-11-24 | Polaroid Corp | Method for drying photographic sheet materials |
US3340618A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1967-09-12 | Quik Chek Electronics And Phot | Hinged dryer assembly |
US3465122A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1969-09-02 | Eichner Org Gmbh | Control arrangement for copying devices |
US3330189A (en) * | 1966-09-02 | 1967-07-11 | Nuclear Corp Of America | Fixing system for copy machine |
US3583805A (en) * | 1967-11-14 | 1971-06-08 | Minolta Camera Kk | Device for drying and fixing in electronic photocopying machine |
US3724096A (en) * | 1971-05-06 | 1973-04-03 | Scott Paper Co | Apparatus for drying an electrophotographic support |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5077570A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1991-12-31 | Schell Barry E | Photo processing work station |
US5537178A (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-07-16 | Aofa-Gevaert N.V. | Apparatus for the processing of photographic sheet material |
US6572214B2 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2003-06-03 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Inkjet printing systems using filter fluid interconnects for pigmented inks |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: JAMES RIVER U.S. HOLDINGS, INC., A CORP. OF DE Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:JAMES RIVER-BERLIN/GORHAM, INC., A CORP. OF DE;JAMES RIVER-KVP, INC., A CORP. OF DE;JAMES RIVER-MASSACHUSETS, INC., A CORP. OF DE;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:005659/0939 Effective date: 19850422 Owner name: JAMES RIVER U.S. HOLDINGS, INC., A CORP. OF DELAWA Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:JAMES RIVER - BERLIN/GORHAM, INC. (DELAWARE);JAMES RIVER - KVP, INC. (DELAWARE);JAMES RIVER - MASSACHUSETTS, INC. (DELAWARE);AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:005657/0862 Effective date: 19850422 |
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Owner name: GRAPHICS TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL INC., A CORPORAT Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:JAMES RIVER PAPER COMPANY, INC., A CORPORATION OF VA;REEL/FRAME:005805/0089 Effective date: 19910430 |
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Owner name: REXHAM GRAPHICS INC., MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:GRAPHICS TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, INC.;REEL/FRAME:006823/0517 Effective date: 19930628 |