US3854463A

US3854463A - Efficiency increasing anti-pollution control device

Info

Publication number: US3854463A
Application number: US00382123A
Authority: US
Inventors: H Burden
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1973-07-24
Filing date: 1973-07-24
Publication date: 1974-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 1991-12-17

Abstract

Apparatus to be employed in conjunction with a conventional carburetor on an internal combustion engine characterized by evaporating and admixing means for effecting vaporization of the liquid fuel and admixing it with at least a portion of the air being supplied to the air intake passageway of the carburetor. Preferably, the evaporating and admixing means is adapted to supply heated air that is substantially saturated with the fuel vapor such that less liquid fuel is supplied by way of the carburetor to have the same response with essentially no loss of power because of the more nearly complete combustion of the gaseous fuel. The evaporating and admixing means is characterized by: air intake passageway; a fuel chamber having a liquid fuel supply and reservoir and a spray nozzle means that sprays liquid fuel across the air passageway; and a mixture conduit to the carburetor. The apparatus may be employed on new cars or may be sold as a kit for installation on pre-existing cars. It also may be used on other internal combustion engines and lowers emission, reduces carburetor icing, allows better performance, better starting and obtains better mileage with less pollution. Also disclosed are specific and preferred structural embodiments.

Description

United States Patent 1191 Burden, Sr.

1451 Dec.-17, 1974 EFFICIENCY INCREASING ANTI-POLLUTION CONTROL DEVICE [76] Inventor: Henry Owen Burden, Sr., 1521 I Pinto St., Dallas, Tex. 75211 [22] Filed: July 24, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 382,123

Primary Examiner-Wendell E. Burns Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Wofford, Felsman, Fails & Zoba 1571 ABSTRACT Apparatus to be employed in conjunction with a conventional carburetor on an internal combustion engine characterized by evaporating and admixing means for effecting vaporization of the liquid fuel and admixing it with at least a portion of the air being supplied to the air intake passageway of the carburetor. Preferably, the evaporating and admixing means is adapted to supply heated air that is substantially saturated with the fuel vapor such that less liquid fuel is supplied by way of the carburetor to have the same response with essentially no loss of power because of the more nearly complete combustion of the gaseous fuel. The evaporating and admixing means is-characterized by: air intake passageway; a fuel chamber having a liquid fuel supply and reservoir and a spray nozzle means that sprays liquid fuel across the air passageway; and a mixture conduit to the carburetor. The apparatus may be employed on new cars or may be sold as a kit for installation on pre-existing cars. It also may be used on other internal combustion engines and lowers emission, reduces carburetor icing, allows better performance. better starting and obtains better mileage with less pollution. Also disclosed are specific and preferred structural embodiments.

19 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures PATENIEL SEC! 7 I974 SHEET 10F 2 PATENTEL 3581 71974 SHEET 2 BF 2 CONTROL DEVICE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention:

This invention relates to apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine, the apparatus not only increasing efficiency but decreasing pollution when employed.

2. Description of the Prior Art:

Many different types of approaches have been employed in the prior art to try to increase performance and/or gasoline mileage, or work realized, from an internal combustion engine. With the added emphasis on control of emissions and other polluting aspects of internal combustion engines, an impetus has been given to the effort to achieve pollution reduction without adversely affecting the power realized from the internal combustion engine. A search conducted for me by an invention development company showed a variety of such-devices ranging from the impulse feeders, such as described in US. Pat. No. 367,936, Aug. 9, 1887; through gas generators such as described in US. Pat. Nos. l,098,l64; 1,366,242 and 1,373,477; to devices for converting water to a fuel such as described in US. Pat. No. 2,295,209. The pertinent ones of these devices employed apparatus that'included entrainment of mists or the like and thereby had the same objectionable characteristics as the atomization of the fuel through the Venturi nozzles or the like in the carburetor.

Under the pressure of pollution control laws, a large amount of recent work has been done. The primary emphasis in the United States, however, has been on the exhaust end in which catalytic converters or the like have been used to control emissions. These devices are wasteful in that no useful work is realized from the energy and constituents contained in the emissions upstream of the converters.

Thus, it can be seen that the prior art devices have not been totally satisfactory in effecting a decrease in pollution while simultaneously effecting an increase in efficiency, since they did not employ totally vaporized fuel or they worked on the discharge end of the engine to reduce emissions.

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to totally vaporize fuel into at least a portion of the airstream being fed to the carburetor so as to obtain more nearly complete combustion of the fuel and reduce the BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partial isometric view, partly schematic, illustrating one embodiment of this invention installed on an automobile engine, the automobile and engine being shown in phantom lines.

FIG. 2A is a partial side elevational view of the liquid level control means disposed inside the fuel chamber of FIG. 1.

FIG. 2B is a partial top plan view of the liquid level control of FIG. 2A, taken along the lines IIBIIB of FIG. 2A.

FIG. 3 is a partial side elevational view showing the fuel spray nozzle means of the embodiment of FIG. 1'.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross sectional view of another embodiment of the spray nozzle means employed in a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the cover for the fuel chamber of FIG. 1. 7

FIG. 6 is a partial cross sectional view taken along the lines VI-Vl of FIG. 5.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S) Referring to FIG. 1, the apparatus 11, in accordance with this invention, is illustrated installed on an internal combustion engine 13 on a conventional automobile 15. The internal combustion engine 13 has its conventional carburetor 17 having its air intake passageway 19 interiorly of the air filter 21 in the air filter housing 23. As illustrated, the cover 20 of the air filter housing 23 has been'removed to reveal the interior. The carburetor 17 also has a liquid fuel supply and internal passageways, terminating in discharge jets interiorly of Venturis or the like, for supplying liquid fuel in atomized form into the airstream being taken into the internal combustion engine. The liquid fuel supply comprises a fuel line 25, a fuel pump 27 and a high pressure fuel line 29. Conventionally, the carburetor 17 will have a liquid fuel reservoir with a liquid level control, such as a float valve. The carburetor 17 also has an effluent passageway 31 that is connected with the intake maniaccelerator pedal (not shown), for conventional operation of the internal combustion engine. By conventional operation is meant accelerating, decelerating and the like.

The apparatus 11 includes an evaporating and admixing means for effecting complete vaporization of liquid fuel and admixing the fuel vapor with at least a portion of the air being supplied to the carburetor. The evaporating and admixing means is connected with the air intake passageway of the carburetor and is adapted to supply only fuel vapor not atomized liquid fuel that is conventional and that will burn incompletely. Specifically, the evaporating and admixing means comprises a fuel chamber means 35 that includes a liquid fuel reservoir 37 and a liquid fuel spray nozzle 39 for spraying liquid fuel into space within the fuel chamber means 35. The apparatus 11 also includes a liquid level control 4l-for controlling admission of liquid fuel to maintain a predetermined liquid level in the liquid fuel reservoir 37; and a fuel conduit 43, FIGS. 1, 2A and 23, connected with a source of liquid fuel, such as the high pressure fuel line 29 and connected with the liquid level control 41 interiorly of the fuelchamber means 35. The apparatus 11 also includes an auxiliary fuel pump 45 that is connected at its suction side with the liquid fuel reservoir 37 and is connected at its discharge side with the liquid fuel spray nozzle means 39 for circulating and spraying the liquid fuel into the incoming airstream. The apparatus 1 1 includes an air intake conduit 47 that is connected with the fuel chamber means such that air is picked up and passed to and through the fuel being sprayed within the fuel chamber so as to substantially saturate the air with completely vaporized fuel. Finally, the apparatus 11 includes the mixture conduit 49 that is connected with the fuel chamber means 35 and with the air intake passageway of the carburetor 17 for passing the mixture of air and fuel vapor to the intake of the carburetor.

The carburetor 17 may comprise any of the conventional carburetors employed on the internal combustion engine'in-question. There is no need to lengthen this already lengthy application with a detailed description of the conventional elements; such as, the carburetor; air filter and air filter housing; fuel lines and fuel pumps. It is sufficient to note, however, that the orifices, commonly called jets, in the carburetor may be diminished in size compared with conventional jets, if desired, and still provide a satisfactory fuel air ratio in view of the improvement of this invention. As will become more clearly apparent from the descriptive matter hereinafter and one advantage of this invention, however, is that it is not necessary to go to the expense of decreasing the size of the jets in the carburetor to obtain improved results in terms of greater miles per gallon with this invention.

The fuel chamber means 35 may have any shape. As illustrated, the chamber is cylindrical, although in earlier models, it was in the form of a rectangularly shaped box. The bottom portion of the chamber is used as a liquid fuel reservoir for storing a predetermined level of liquid fuel.

The liquid fuel spray nozzle means 39 sprays the liquid fuel that is circulated, downwardly toward the bottom of the'fuel reservoir 37 such that all excess liquid fuel, even the small droplets, fall into the liquid fuel reservoir. Consequently, no liquid fuel is entrained into the airstream, as is frequently done in the prior art atomization apparatus. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the liquid fuel spray nozzle means 39 includes a tubular element 51 that has its bottom end 53 blocked and has a slot 55 cut into its side at an angle a with respect to the horizontal. Expressed otherwise, the slot 55 extends downwardly at the angle a in order to spray the liquid fuel downwardly. The slot 55 is cut into the side of the tubular member 51 in order to spray the liquid fuel over a sector that substantially completely covers the air inlet path and forces the incoming airstream to pass through the sprayed liquid fuel. In earlier models, the incoming air was passed downwardly through a tubular element that had a filler, such as a steel wool, onto which the liquid fuel was sprayed. This increased the area and effected substantially complete saturation of the air. It has been found, however, that the same results can be effected more economically by employing properly designed liquid fuel spray means. An improved liquid fuel spray nozzle means 39 is illustrated in FIG. 4. In this improved version, the tubular element 51 has a first slot 55A cut thereinto and disposed about /4 inch above a second slot 553. The first slot 55A is cut at a downwardly extended angle a, of about 30 whereas the second slot 55B is cut at a downwardly extended angle (1 of about 45. In this way, the fuel is splayed out over the sector and in a downward direction so as to vaporize in the hot airstream formed by air coming in through the radiator of the automobile and picked up by the air intake conduit 47, yet still avoid undesirable entrainment as described hereinbefore.

The liquid level control 41 is a relatively conventional control. As illustrated in FIG. 2, it includes a float 59 that floats on the surface 61 of the fuel to operatively admit or close off the fuel inlet passageway 63 that is connected with the fuel conduit 43. An upright L member 65, FIGS. 2A and 2B, pushes a needle poppet 67 against a seat to close off flow responsive to upward movement of the float 59. The float 59 is pivotally mounted by way of lever 71 about fulcrum shaft 73. Thus, as the fuel level 61 falls, the float 59 falls and allows the needle poppet 67 to open the fuel inlet passageway 63. The float 59 may be constructed of a foamed plastic that is impervious to a liquid fuel or may have a conventional hollow construction with an external metallic skin, as of a copper alloy.

The fuel conduit 43 may comprise any type of conventional tubing employed for the liquid fuel under consideration. While ordinarily the fuel conduit 43 will be of flexible type construction, it may be of relatively inflexible metallic tubing if desired. Ordinarily, it and its connections and fittings must be able to withstand a relatively higher, or discharge, pressure of about 7 pounds per square inch (psi) for the fuel. Accordingly, it may be of about the same construction as the high pressure fuel line 29 on the discharge side of the fuel pump 27. In fact,'as illustrated, it tees into the high pressure fuel line 29 so as to be connected with the discharge side of the fuel pump 27.

The auxiliary fuel pump 45 is connected by way of conduit 77 with the liquid fuel reservoir; and has its discharge connected by way of conduit 79 with the fuel spray nozzle means 39. While any auxiliary fuel pump may be employed, as illustrated, the auxiliary fuel pump 45 is operated by an electric motor 81, has its own actuation switch 83 disposed interiorly of the automobile so as to be actuated at the drivers option. For example, ordinarily, it will be advantageous to circulate the fuel on cold mornings to facilitate starting the engine 13.

The air intake conduit 47 has an inlet scoop 85 disposed just rearwardly of the fan so as to scoop up the hot air taken in through the radiator of the automobile. The hot air is effective, not only in vaporizing a greater proportion of the fuel, but also decreases the density of the fluid taken in through the Venturi of the carburetor and diminishes the demand for liquid fuel supplied by the carburetor. In this way, more nearly complete combustion of the fuel is effected with the benefits delineated hereinafter. The air intake conduit 47 normally has a relatively large diameter; for example, on the order of about l% to 2 inches in diameter. As illustrated, it comprises flexible tubing of steel, plastic, or the like. The intake conduit terminates in a downwardly directed air intake aperature 89, FIGS. 1 and 5. In this way the incoming airstream is directed through the spray of liquid fuel from the liquid fuel spray nozzle means 39 and becomes saturated with fuel vapor. Because it must change direction in order to be sent to the carburetor, however, it does not entrain liquid fuel.

. conduit 49 also terminates adjacent the air intake passageway 19 of the carburetor 13 in an oval shaped tu bular element 94 that is open at its bottom end. The tubular element 94 passes through the side wall of the air filter housing 23 and through the side wall of the air filter 21. It may, if desired, be inserted through the bottom of the housing and interiorly of the air filter if de sired. In operation, of course, the top is in place on the air filter housing 23.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, the air intake aperture 89 and the mixture aperture, or effluent port, 91 are formed cleanly into the top 95. A mounting bracket 93, also FIG. 2A, is employed to hold the fuel conduit 43. As can be seen in FIG. 6, an o-ring groove 97 is provided for emplacement of a sealing o-ring therewithin before the top 95 is clamped onto the housing by suitable means. The clamping may ordinarily be by bolts screwed through apertures 99. For example, there may be about 12 bolts or set screws screwed through the respective apertures and into threaded apertures formed into the walls of the fuel chamber means 35. Twelve such apertures and bolts .have been found to be satisfactory to obtain a satisfactory seal and prevent any danger of leakage, explosion or the like. If desired, suitable flange clamps can be employed; the top 95 can be threaded and screwed onto threaded side walls of a cylindrical fuel chamber means 35; or any other suitable attachment means can be employed as long as it effects the requisite sealing enclosure. 1

In operation, the apparatus 11 is assembled and installed on the automobile as illustrated and'described hereinbefore. The auxiliary fuel pump 45 is started up if there has been liquid fuel left in the fuel chamber means 35. Next, the engine is started in the conventional manner. One of the advantages of this invention is that easy starting is effected because of the admixture of the vaporized fuel with at least a portion of the airstream entering the carburetor. Accordingly, there are no problems with slow starts on cold mornings.

As the engine 13 runs, the air coming in through the radiator begins to warm and finally becomes relatively hotair. The hot air passing through the sprayed liquid fuel vaporizes the fuel and admixes with the vapor. The

fuel-air mixture is then conveyed to the air intake passageway 19 of the carburetor 13. As indicated hereinbefore, the heated air, being less dense, effects less pressure drop and. hence, less fuel flow through the jets, or orifices. in the carburetor. Yet, because of the nearly complete combustion of the fuel, the engine is fully responsive and, in fact, has increased performance. Moreover, a better mileage is obtained from a given quantity of fuel consumed. Also, improved operation of the carburetor is effected, because the heated air with its fuel vapor effects less vaporization and less temperature drop and, consequently, less icing of the carburetor. Furthermore, there is less pollution because more nearly complete combustion is effected. Also, because the fuel burns more nearly completely, there is less carbon formed and there is, consequently, less fouling, or carbon emplaced; effecting cleaner plugs, rings, valves and the like.

The apparatus of this invention may be incorporated on new cars directly or mey be sold in the form of a kit for incorporation onto existing automobiles, or other users of internal combustion engines. I have employed the apparatus 11 on a 1971 Ford Galaxie that was obtaining about 14 miles per gallon. My mileage increased and I obtained about 22'miles per gallon with a conventional electric auxiliary fuel pump. However, when Iemployed a Carter electric rotary pump that put out about 7 psi so as to get a uniform spray across the entire airstream, this mileage was increased to about 26.7 miles per gallon. Out on the road I obtained about I 35 miles per gallon.

From the foregoing, it can be seen that this invention accomplishes the objects delineated hereinbefore. Specifically, it does not adversely affect performance of the internal combustion engine on which it is employed; yet it .gives the following advantages:

1. better mileage is effected;

2. even better performance is realized;

3. carburetor icing is minimized and in some cases even eliminated;

4. there is less pollution in the exhaust from the engine;

5. the, engine starts easier, particularly in cold weather; since, once the gasoline is started to circulate in the fuel chamber means 35, it is only necessary to turn the engine over two or three times to obtain starting; and

6. there is less fouling because of the cleaner, more nearly complete combustion and less carbon.

Although this invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that this disclosure has been made only by way of example and that numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and the scope of this invention.

What is claimed is:

1. Apparatus for supplying a combustion mixture to an internal combustion engine having conventional accessories, including an intake manifold, comprising:

a. a carburetor having an air intake passageway, a liquid fuel supply and liquid fuel passageways for supplying liquid fuel to the air being taken into said internal combustion engine, and an effluent passageway that is connected with the intake manifold on said internal combustion engine; said carburetor 1 being connected with a control, such as an accelerator pedal, and adapted for conventional operation of said internal combustion engine; and

b. evaporating and admixing means for effecting complete vaporization of liquid fuel and for admixing the resulting fuel vapor with a portion of the air being supplied to said carburetor; said evaporating and admixing means being connected with said air intake passageway of said carburetor; said evaporating and admixing means being adapted to supply only fuel vapor and not atomized or liquid fuel that would burn incompletely.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said evaporating and admixing means is adapted to supply heated air that is substantially saturated with fuel vapor such that less liquid fuel is supplied via said carburetor without loss of power, since more nearlycomplete combustion of the vaporized fuel is effected.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said evaporating and admixing means comprises:

a. a fuel chamber means for enclosing fuel, including:

' i. a liquid fuel reservoir; and

ii. liquid fuel spray nozzle means for spraying liquid fuel into space within said fuel chamber means and in fluid communication with said liquid fuel reservoir;

b. liquid level control means for controlling admission of liquid fuel to maintain a predetermined liquid level in said liquid fuel reservoir;

c. fuel conduit connected with a source of said liquid fuel and connected with said liquid level control means for supplying said liquid fuel;

d. auxiliary fuel pump connected at its suction side with said liquid fuel reservoir and connected at its discharge side with said liquid fuel spray nozzle means for circulating and spraying said liquid fuel;

e. auxiliary fuel pump control connected with said auxiliary fuel pump for controlling operation thereof;

f. air intake conduit connected with said fuel chamber via an intake aperture such that air is picked up and conducted to and through said fuel being sprayed within said fuel chamber means so as to substantially saturate said air with completely vaporized fuel; and

g. mixture conduit connected with said fuel chamber means via an effluent port and with said air intake passageway of said carburetor for conducting the mixture of air and fuel vapor to the intake of said carburetor whereby less gas is injected through said carburetor in liquid and atomized form and more nearly complete combustion of the fuel is effected within said internal combustion engine for greater output per unit volume of fuel consumed.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said liquid fuel spray nozzle means sprays said liquid fuel downwardly such that all excess liquid fuel, even small droplets, fall into said liquid fuel reservoir and is not entrained into said air-fuel mixture that is supplied to said carburetor.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said air intake conduit is directed downwardly into said fuel chamber and said spray nozzle means is disposed below the air intake aperture in said fuel chamber and is oriented to spray said fuel downwardly and across the path of the incoming air.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said air intake conduit is adapted to deliver heated air to said fuel chamber for greater fuel evaporation and even less fuel consumed via said carburetor without loss in power and performance.

7. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said spray nozzle comprises a generally cylindrically shaped conduit that is closed at one end and has a slot cut laterally into one side for spraying said fuel across the path of said air; said slot being inclined downwardly at and angle a with respect to the horizontal.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein there are two said slots cut into the side of said liquid fuel spray nozzle means, said first slot being disposed above said second slot and cut into said side at a first angle 01 that is less with respect to the horizontal than is a second angle or: at which said second slot is cut into said side.

is about 30 and said second angle is about 45.

10. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said mixture conduit is connected with said fuel chamber at said effluent port via a vertically oriented portion for causing a change in direction of flow of air and fuel vapor and ensuring no entrainment of liquid fuel.

11. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said fuel conduit is connected with a conventional fuel pump on said internal combustion engine and said auxiliary fuel pump is an electrically powered fuel pump and said auxiliary fuel pump control comprises a separately controllable actuating switch.

12. A fuel economizer kit adapted for installation on an. internal combustion engine employing a conventional carburetor and accessories, comprising:

a. a fuel chamber means for enclosing fuel, including:

i. a liquid fuel reservoir;

ii. liquid fuel spray nozzle means for spraying liquid fuel into the space within said fuel chamber means and in fluid communication with said liquid fuel reservoir;

iii. air intake aperture; and

iv. mixture effluent port;

b. liquid level control means for controlling admission of liquid fuel to maintain a predetermined liquid level in said fuel reservoir;

c. fuel inlet means adapted for being connected via a fuel conduit with a source of liquid fuel; said fuel inlet means being connected with said liquid level control means;

d. auxiliary fuel pump having suitable connection means adapted for connection at a suction side with said liquid fuel reservoir and for connection at its discharge side with said liquid fuel spray nozzle means for circulating and spraying said liquid fuel within said fuel chamber means;

e. air intake conduit that is adapted for connection with said air intake aperture of said fuel chamber such that air is picked up and conducted to and through liquid fuel being sprayed within said fuel chamber in operation so as to substantially saturate said air with completely vaporized fuel; and

f. mixture conduit that is adapted to be connected with said mixture effluent port of said fuel chamber means and with the carburetor on the internal combustion engine for conducting a mixture of air and fuel vapor to the intake of said carburetor;

whereby less gas is injected through said carburetor in liquid and atomized form and more nearly complete combustion of the fuel is effected for greater power output per unit volume of fuel consumed.

13. The fuel economizer kit of claim 12 wherein said liquid fuel spray nozzle means sprays said liquid fuel toward the bottom of said fuel chamber means such that all excess liquid fuel, even small droplets, fall into said liquid fuel reservoir and is not entrained into the fuelair mixture conducted through said mixture conduit to said carburetor.

14. The fuel economizer kit of claim 13 wherein said air intake conduit is operably directed downwardly into said fuel chamber and said spray nozzle means is disposed below said air intake aperture in said fuel chamber and is oriented to spray downwardly and across the path of incoming air.

15. The fuel economizer kit of claim 14 wherein said spray nozzle comprises a generally cylindrically shaped conduit that is closed at one end and has a slot cut laterally into one side for spraying said fuel across the path of said air; said slot being inclined downwardly at an angle a with respect to the horizontal.

16. The fuel economizer kit of claim wherein there are two said slots cut into the side of said liquid fuel spray nozzle means, said first slot being disposed above said second slot and cut into said side at a first angle on, that is less with respect to the horizontal than is a second angle a at which said second slot is cut into said side.

17. The fuel economizer kit of claim 16 wherein said first angle is about 30 and said second angle is' about 45.

18. The fuel economizer kit of claim 14 wherein said fuel intake aperture and said mixture effluent port are inthe top of said fuel chamber and are oriented for vertical connection thereto; and said air intake conduit and said mixture conduit each have a connection portion that is adapted for vertically oriented connection with said fuel chamber means for ensuring change of direction of the air and fuel vapor and no entrainment of liquid fuel.

19. The fuel economizer kit of claim'l4 wherein said auxiliary fuel pump is an electrically powered fuel

Claims

1. Apparatus for supplying a combustion mixture to an internal combustion engine having conventional accessories, including an intake manifold, comprising: a. a carburetor having an air intake passageway, a liquid fuel supply and liquid fuel passageways for supplying liquid fuel to the air being taken into said internal combustion engine, and an effluent passageway that is connected with the intake manifold on said internal combustion engine; said carburetor being connected with a control, such as an accelerator pedal, and adapted for conventional operation of said internal combustion engine; and b. evaporating and admixing means for effecting complete vaporization of liquid fuel and for admixing the resulting fuel vapor with a portion of the air being supplied to said carburetor; said evaporating and admixing means being connected with said air intake passageway of said carburetor; said evaporating and admixing means being adapted to supply only fuel vapor and not atomized or liquid fuel that would burn incompletely.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said evaporating and admixing means is adapted to supply heated air that is substantially saturated with fuel vapor such that less liquid fuel is supplied via said carburetor without loss of power, since more nearly complete combustion of the vaporized fuel is effected.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said evaporating and admixing means comprises: a. a fuel chamber means for enclosing fuel, including: i. a liquid fuel reservoir; and ii. liquid fuel spray nozzle means for spraying liquid fuel into space within said fuel chamber means and in fluid communication with said liquid fuel reservoir; b. liquid level control means for controlling admission of liquid fuel to maintain a predetermined liquid level in said liquid fuel reservoir; c. fuel conduit connected with a source of said liquid fuel and connected with said liquid level control means for supplying said liquid fuel; d. auxiliary fuel pump connected at its suction side with said liquid fuel reservoir and connected at its discharge side with said liquid fuel spray nozzle means for circulating and spraying said liquid fuel; e. auxiliary fuel pump control connected with said auxiliary fuel pump for controlling operation thereof; f. air intake conduit connected with said fuel chamber via an intake aperture such that air is picked up and conducted to and through said fuel being sprayed within said fuel chamber means so as to substantially saturate said air with completely vaporized fuel; and g. mixture conduit connected with said fuel chamber means via an effluent port and with said air intake passageway of said carburetor for conducting the mixture of air and fuel vapor to the intake of said carburetor whereby less gas is injected through said carburetor in liquid and atomized form and more nearly complete combustion of the fuel is effected within said internal combustion engine for greater output per unit volume of fuel consumed.

7. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said spray nozzle comprises a generally cylindrically shaped conduit that is closed at one end and has a slot cut laterally into one side for spraying said fuel across the path of said air; said slot being inclined downwardly at and angle Alpha with respect to the horizontal.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein there are two said slots cut into the side of said liquid fuel spray nozzle means, said first slot being disposed above said second slot and cut into said side at a first angle Alpha 1 that is less with respect to the horizontal than is a second angle Alpha 2 at which said second slot is cut into said side.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said first angle is about 30* and said second angle is about 45*.

12. A fuel economizer kit adapted for installation on an internal combustion engine employing a conventional carburetor and accessories, comprising: a. a fuel chamber means for enclosing fuel, including: i. a liquid fuel reservoir; ii. liquid fuel spray nozzle means for spraying liquid fuel into the space within said fuel chamber means and in fluid communication with said liquid fuel reservoir; iii. air intake aperture; and iv. mixture effluent port; b. liquid level control means for controlling admission of liquid fuel to maintain a predetermined liquid level in said fuel reservoir; c. fuel inlet means adapted for being connected via a fuel conduit with a source of liquid fuel; said fuel inlet means being connected with said liquid level control means; d. auxiliary fuel pump having suitable connection means adapted for connection at a suction side with said liquid fuel reservoir and for connection at its discharge side with said liquid fuel spray nozzle means for circulating and spraying said liquid fuel within said fuel chamber means; e. air intake conduit that is adapted for connection with said air intake aperture of said fuel chamber such that air is picked up and conducted to and through liquid fuel being sprayed within said fuel chamber in operation so as to substantially saturate said air with completely vaporized fuel; and f. mixture conduit that is adapted to be connected with said mixture effluent port of said fuel chamber means and with the carburetor on the internal combustion engine for conducting a mixture of air and fuel vapor to the intake of said carburetor; whereby less gas is injected through said carburetor in liquid and atomized form and more nearly complete combustion of the fuel is effected for greater power output per unit volume of fuel consumed.

13. The fuel economizer kit of claim 12 wherein said liquid fuel spray nozzle means sprays said liquid fuel toward the bottom of said fuel chamber means such that all excess liquid fuel, even small droplets, fall into said liquid fuel reservoir and is not entrained into the fuel-air mixture conducted through said mixture conduit to said carburetor.

15. The fuel economizer kit of claim 14 wherein said spray nozzle comprises a generally cylindrically shaped conduit that is closed at one end and has a slot cut laterally into one side for spraying said fuel across the path of said air; said slot being inclined downwardly at an angle Alpha with respect to the horizontal.

16. The fuel economizer kit of claim 15 wherein there are two said slots cut into the side of said liquid fuel spray nozzle means, said first slot being disposed above said second slot and cut into said side at a first angle Alpha 1 that is less with respect to the horizontal than is a second angle Alpha 2 at which said second slot is cut into said side.

17. The fuel economizer kit of claim 16 wherein said first angle is about 30* and said second angle is about 45*.

18. The fuel economizer kit of claim 14 wherein said fuel intake aperture and said mixture effluent port are in the top of said fuel chamber and are oriented for vertical connection thereto; and said air intake conduit and said mixture conduit each have a connection portion that is adapted for vertically oriented connection with said fuel chamber means for ensuring change of direction of the air and fuel vapor and no entrainment of liquid fuel.

19. The fuel economizer kit of claim 14 wherein said auxiliary fuel pump is an electrically powered fuel pump with a separately controllable actuation switch.