US3852583A - Headlamp - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3852583A
US3852583A US00264194A US26419472A US3852583A US 3852583 A US3852583 A US 3852583A US 00264194 A US00264194 A US 00264194A US 26419472 A US26419472 A US 26419472A US 3852583 A US3852583 A US 3852583A
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United States
Prior art keywords
reflector
bulb
crown
opening
lugs
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00264194A
Inventor
O Puyplat
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Cibie Projecteurs SA
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Cibie Projecteurs SA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/19—Attachment of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21S41/192—Details of lamp holders, terminals or connectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/28—Cover glass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/29—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/321—Optical layout thereof the reflector being a surface of revolution or a planar surface, e.g. truncated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/323—Optical layout thereof the reflector having two perpendicular cross sections having regular geometrical curves of a distinct nature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/37—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors characterised by their material, surface treatment or coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/39—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/50—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by aesthetic components not otherwise provided for, e.g. decorative trim, partition walls or covers
    • F21S41/55—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/10—Protection of lighting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
    • F21V7/24—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by the material

Definitions

  • Automobile headlamp comprising a body shell supporting a bulb assembly. and a rigid molded plastic re- [51] Int. F2lv 7/00 1 flector having a parabolic reflector surface. said reflector having an opening therein through which the bulb can pass freely so that the reflector is not in ther- Rm 55 3 1 14 M N W4 MB 2 m4 WC S m1! aM 0 4 fa; 0 M .N F M 5 R f fence Cit d mal contact with the bulb assembly, and the reflector e e s e being fixed to the body shell solely in the vicinity of UNITED STATES PATENTS said opening. Abutments are provided on the interior of the body shell for steadying the reflector.
  • the present invention relates to light projectors (herein termed lamps), particularly for motor vehicles, in which a light source co-operates with a reflector having at least one reflecting surface of parabolic shape.
  • Such lamps are generally equipped with reflectors made by stamping from sheet metal.
  • the shape stability of such reflectors is generally excellent, but it is necessary to carry out very costly polishing op erations to given them a good surface finish.
  • manufacture by stamping from sheet metal is often a cumbersome process.
  • a lamp according to the invention comprises a rigid external body, at least one light source such as a bulb mounted in an aperture in the body, and an internal reflector having at least one parabolic reflecting surface and being constituted by a rigid structure of moulded plastics material and being provided with at least one opening allowing free passage for the light source therethrough and being locally fixed to the body only in the vicinity of the said opening. Outside the small fixing area, the reflector remains free in relation to the body.
  • the light source or bulb is mounted on the body the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section along plane II-II of FIG. 1, the bulb and bulb-holder having been removed.
  • the lamp 10 comprises essentially a supporting body 12, a light assembly 14, a reflector and a glass or lens 24.
  • the body 12 is a rigid structure made, for example, of pressed sheet metal.
  • the glass 24 is adhesively joined to a shoulder 120 formed at the front of the body 12.
  • the body Opposite the glass 24, the body is provided with a rearward protuberance or crown 13, in the centre of which a collar 13a is formed.
  • the light assembly 14 comprises a bulb 16 and a bulb-holder 18.
  • the bulb-holder 18 is mounted in the collar 13a, in any suitable manner.
  • the reflector 20 is a rigid structure made of a plastics material, of general parabolic shape. Its internal parabolic face 22 is made to reflect light by aluminium deposition.
  • the reflector 20 In its central part the reflector 20 has an opening 26 through which the bulb l6 can pass freely.
  • each connector 28 comprises a lug 34, moulded integral with the reflector 20 and provided with a threaded bore 32,
  • the reflector is nevertheless positioned accurately in relation to the bulb because it is fixed to the body close to the bulb mounting.
  • the body ensures good protection for the reflector, as any impact which may be suffered by the body is not generally transmitted to the reflector because of the restriction of the fixing area.
  • the body 12 may, if desired, be provided with internal projections 36 constituting abutments for steadying the extremities of the reflector.
  • connection by means of screws is only one of several possible ways; it is possible to use rivets or other conventional mechanical fixing systems; also, the lugs 34 may be made so as to co-operate, for example by latching engagement, with fixing holes formed in the crown 13.
  • the body 12, beyond the crown 13, may be of any desired shape, not necessarily conforming to the shape of the reflector 20.
  • An automobile vehicle headlamp comprising a rigid external metallic body, a reflector within said said crown into said lugs, and abutments projecting inwardly from said body near the free end of said reflector for steadying said reflector.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Securing Globes, Refractors, Reflectors Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Automobile headlamp comprising a body shell supporting a bulb assembly, and a rigid molded plastic reflector having a parabolic reflector surface, said reflector having an opening therein through which the bulb can pass freely so that the reflector is not in thermal contact with the bulb assembly, and the reflector being fixed to the body shell solely in the vicinity of said opening. Abutments are provided on the interior of the body shell for steadying the reflector.

Description

[iii 3,52,5ee
United States Patet 1 1 Puyplat HEADLAMP Inventor: Oliver Puyplat, Paris, France [73] Assignee: Cibil Projecteurs, Bobigny, France Filed: June 19, 1972 Appl. No.: 264,194
Primary Examiner.lohn M. Horan Assistant ExaminerE. M. O'Connor Attorney, Agent, or FirmBreitenfeld & Levine [30] Foreign Application Priority Data June 18, 1971 France 71.22333 ABSTRACT [52] US. Cl. 240/41.35 R, 240/41 SC, 240/41 B,
Automobile headlamp comprising a body shell supporting a bulb assembly. and a rigid molded plastic re- [51] Int. F2lv 7/00 1 flector having a parabolic reflector surface. said reflector having an opening therein through which the bulb can pass freely so that the reflector is not in ther- Rm 55 3 1 14 M N W4 MB 2 m4 WC S m1! aM 0 4 fa; 0 M .N F M 5 R f fence Cit d mal contact with the bulb assembly, and the reflector e e s e being fixed to the body shell solely in the vicinity of UNITED STATES PATENTS said opening. Abutments are provided on the interior of the body shell for steadying the reflector.
240/41 R 240/41 NM 2 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures 905.312 12/1908 977,358 11/1910 Allen..... 1.040.412 10/1912 V 3, 852,58 PATENTELBEE IIIJWIIIIIIMOIIII I I 24 L? FIG. 2
1 l HEADLAMP The present invention relates to light projectors (herein termed lamps), particularly for motor vehicles, in which a light source co-operates with a reflector having at least one reflecting surface of parabolic shape.
At present, such lamps are generally equipped with reflectors made by stamping from sheet metal. The shape stability of such reflectors is generally excellent, but it is necessary to carry out very costly polishing op erations to given them a good surface finish. In addition, in the case of reflectors made up of a plurality of juxtaposed parabolic surfaces, and thus of complex shape, manufacture by stamping from sheet metal is often a cumbersome process.
- For lamps of small size and low power, it has been proposed to make reflectors from a moulded thermoplastic material one face of which is made to reflect light by metal deposition, in particular by aluminium deposition. These lamps have the advantages that they can easily be made in all optically desirable shapes, however complex these may be, and of exhibiting a good surface finish.
However, such reflectors have certain inherent drawbacks. They are very sensitive to temperature variations and in particular to the heating effects transmitted by the cap of the bulb which is mounted in the reflector; when they are associated with metal parts, the expansion differences between the metal and the plastics material may lead to internal stresses and/or deformations; they have only very limited resistance to impact and they must generally be placed in an external protective casing or sheath.
That is why at present the use of plastics materials for reflectors has been limited to reflectors of small size for lamps of low power.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a lamp equipped with a reflector of a plastics material and which can be made of large size and high power.
A lamp according to the invention comprises a rigid external body, at least one light source such as a bulb mounted in an aperture in the body, and an internal reflector having at least one parabolic reflecting surface and being constituted by a rigid structure of moulded plastics material and being provided with at least one opening allowing free passage for the light source therethrough and being locally fixed to the body only in the vicinity of the said opening. Outside the small fixing area, the reflector remains free in relation to the body. The light source or bulb is mounted on the body the invention; and
FIG. 2 is a cross-section along plane II-II of FIG. 1, the bulb and bulb-holder having been removed.
The lamp 10 comprises essentially a supporting body 12, a light assembly 14, a reflector and a glass or lens 24.
The body 12 is a rigid structure made, for example, of pressed sheet metal. The glass 24 is adhesively joined to a shoulder 120 formed at the front of the body 12.
Opposite the glass 24, the body is provided with a rearward protuberance or crown 13, in the centre of which a collar 13a is formed.
The light assembly 14 comprises a bulb 16 and a bulb-holder 18. The bulb-holder 18 is mounted in the collar 13a, in any suitable manner.
The reflector 20 is a rigid structure made of a plastics material, of general parabolic shape. Its internal parabolic face 22 is made to reflect light by aluminium deposition.
In its central part the reflector 20 has an opening 26 through which the bulb l6 can pass freely.
The fixing of the reflector 20 in the body is effected by means of a plurality of localized connectors 28 joining the back of the reflector 20 in the vicinity of the opening 26 to the crown 13. Preferably, as shown, each connector 28 comprises a lug 34, moulded integral with the reflector 20 and provided with a threaded bore 32,
' and screws 30 which enter the bores 32 and clamp the and the reflector is not in contact with the bulb on its cap. There is thus no heat transmitting contact between the cap of the bulb and the reflector.
Although it does not support the bulb, the reflector is nevertheless positioned accurately in relation to the bulb because it is fixed to the body close to the bulb mounting.
The restriction of the fixing area of the reflector to the vicinity of the opening therein permits free differential expansion of the reflector and of the body.
The body ensures good protection for the reflector, as any impact which may be suffered by the body is not generally transmitted to the reflector because of the restriction of the fixing area.
The following description, with reference to the .accompanying drawings, relates to an exemplary embodilugs 34 against the crown 13.
The body 12 may, if desired, be provided with internal projections 36 constituting abutments for steadying the extremities of the reflector.
There is no heat-transmitting contact between the bulb 16 or its cap and the reflector 20, because of the large size of the opening 26. The fixing of the reflector 20 to the crown 13 in the vicinity of the collar 13a used for the mounting of the light assembly nevertheless ensures accurate positioning of the bulb 16 in relation to the reflector 20.
Moreover, the use of localized connectors 28 in only the area of the reflector adjacent to the opening 26 leaves the whole of the reflector 20 free in relation to the body 12 under all conditions of temperature or vibration.
Naturally, connection by means of screws is only one of several possible ways; it is possible to use rivets or other conventional mechanical fixing systems; also, the lugs 34 may be made so as to co-operate, for example by latching engagement, with fixing holes formed in the crown 13. The body 12, beyond the crown 13, may be of any desired shape, not necessarily conforming to the shape of the reflector 20.
What I'claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. An automobile vehicle headlamp, comprising a rigid external metallic body, a reflector within said said crown into said lugs, and abutments projecting inwardly from said body near the free end of said reflector for steadying said reflector.
2. An automobile vehicle headlamp as defined in claim 1 wherein said securing means further include screws passing through holes in said crown and entering threaded bores in said lugs.

Claims (2)

1. An automobile vehicle headlamp, comprising a rigid external metallic body, a reflector within said body, said reflector having at least one parabolic reflecting area, and an electric bulb optically cooperating with said reflector to create a luminous beam, said body having a crown surrounding an opening, said crown and body being formed as a one piece element a bulb holder within said opening and secured to said crown, said bulb holder supporting said bulb, said reflector being a rigid structure formed of molded plastic material and having a central opening in registry with the opening in said body, said bulb being of such a size so as to be capable of passing freely through said opening without contacting said refLector, and means for securing said reflector to said body only in the vicinity of said openings, said securing means comprising lugs molded integral with said reflector and abutting said crown of said body, and fasteners extending through said crown into said lugs, and abutments projecting inwardly from said body near the free end of said reflector for steadying said reflector.
2. An automobile vehicle headlamp as defined in claim 1 wherein said securing means further include screws passing through holes in said crown and entering threaded bores in said lugs.
US00264194A 1971-06-18 1972-06-19 Headlamp Expired - Lifetime US3852583A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7122333A FR2142272A5 (en) 1971-06-18 1971-06-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3852583A true US3852583A (en) 1974-12-03

Family

ID=9078924

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00264194A Expired - Lifetime US3852583A (en) 1971-06-18 1972-06-19 Headlamp

Country Status (10)

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US (1) US3852583A (en)
JP (1) JPS5435033B1 (en)
BR (1) BR7203907D0 (en)
CA (1) CA972734A (en)
ES (1) ES404327A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2142272A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1396927A (en)
IT (1) IT956596B (en)
SE (1) SE387426B (en)
YU (1) YU33430B (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4028541A (en) * 1974-11-11 1977-06-07 General Electric Company Luminaire
DE3106319A1 (en) * 1981-02-20 1982-09-16 Westfälische Metall Industrie KG Hueck & Co, 4780 Lippstadt MOTOR VEHICLE HEADLIGHTS
US4384319A (en) * 1980-12-18 1983-05-17 Gte Products Corporation Projection lighting unit with rear loading lamp capsule member
US4754377A (en) * 1986-02-21 1988-06-28 Thomas Industries, Inc. Thermally protected recessed lighting fixture
US4910651A (en) * 1988-08-23 1990-03-20 Thomas Industries Inc. High wattage insulated ceiling lighting fixture
US20030043586A1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-06 Sagal E. Mikhail Thermally conductive lamp reflector
US6568840B1 (en) * 1999-03-26 2003-05-27 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Vehicle lamp
US7164104B2 (en) 2004-06-14 2007-01-16 Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company In-line heater for use in semiconductor wet chemical processing and method of manufacturing the same

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US905312A (en) * 1908-07-23 1908-12-01 Theron L Hiles Headlight.
US977358A (en) * 1910-02-14 1910-11-29 Joseph E Allen Lamp.
US1040412A (en) * 1912-02-05 1912-10-08 Caspar Reichl Light-reflector for automobile-lamps.
US1450079A (en) * 1918-08-28 1923-03-27 Patent Holding Corp Lighting apparatus
US2089049A (en) * 1933-01-25 1937-08-03 Benjamin Electric Mfg Co Explosionproof lighting fixture
US2159532A (en) * 1936-05-28 1939-05-23 Briggs Mfg Co Pillar-light assembly
US3275820A (en) * 1963-12-26 1966-09-27 Joseph M Szarkowski Illuminating system
US3688103A (en) * 1969-12-12 1972-08-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vehicle headlight

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5255914Y2 (en) * 1971-09-30 1977-12-16

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US905312A (en) * 1908-07-23 1908-12-01 Theron L Hiles Headlight.
US977358A (en) * 1910-02-14 1910-11-29 Joseph E Allen Lamp.
US1040412A (en) * 1912-02-05 1912-10-08 Caspar Reichl Light-reflector for automobile-lamps.
US1450079A (en) * 1918-08-28 1923-03-27 Patent Holding Corp Lighting apparatus
US2089049A (en) * 1933-01-25 1937-08-03 Benjamin Electric Mfg Co Explosionproof lighting fixture
US2159532A (en) * 1936-05-28 1939-05-23 Briggs Mfg Co Pillar-light assembly
US3275820A (en) * 1963-12-26 1966-09-27 Joseph M Szarkowski Illuminating system
US3688103A (en) * 1969-12-12 1972-08-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vehicle headlight

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4028541A (en) * 1974-11-11 1977-06-07 General Electric Company Luminaire
US4384319A (en) * 1980-12-18 1983-05-17 Gte Products Corporation Projection lighting unit with rear loading lamp capsule member
DE3106319A1 (en) * 1981-02-20 1982-09-16 Westfälische Metall Industrie KG Hueck & Co, 4780 Lippstadt MOTOR VEHICLE HEADLIGHTS
US4754377A (en) * 1986-02-21 1988-06-28 Thomas Industries, Inc. Thermally protected recessed lighting fixture
US4910651A (en) * 1988-08-23 1990-03-20 Thomas Industries Inc. High wattage insulated ceiling lighting fixture
US6568840B1 (en) * 1999-03-26 2003-05-27 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Vehicle lamp
US20030043586A1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-06 Sagal E. Mikhail Thermally conductive lamp reflector
US6827470B2 (en) 2001-08-31 2004-12-07 Cool Optins, Inc. Thermally conductive lamp reflector
US7164104B2 (en) 2004-06-14 2007-01-16 Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company In-line heater for use in semiconductor wet chemical processing and method of manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE387426B (en) 1976-09-06
JPS5435033B1 (en) 1979-10-30
BR7203907D0 (en) 1973-06-07
ES404327A1 (en) 1975-06-01
FR2142272A5 (en) 1973-01-26
YU151072A (en) 1976-08-31
DE2229008A1 (en) 1972-12-21
CA972734A (en) 1975-08-12
YU33430B (en) 1977-02-28
GB1396927A (en) 1975-06-11
DE2229008B2 (en) 1975-06-26
IT956596B (en) 1973-10-10

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