US3852555A - Vacuum switch - Google Patents

Vacuum switch Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3852555A
US3852555A US00379995A US37999573A US3852555A US 3852555 A US3852555 A US 3852555A US 00379995 A US00379995 A US 00379995A US 37999573 A US37999573 A US 37999573A US 3852555 A US3852555 A US 3852555A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
coil
contact
vacuum switch
gap
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00379995A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
D Schuocker
H Lippmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19722235359 external-priority patent/DE2235359C3/de
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3852555A publication Critical patent/US3852555A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings

Definitions

  • a vacuum switch has a pair of disk shaped switching [21] Appl' 379995 contacts relatively separably located in an evacuated housing with one of the contacts attached to a central [30] Foreign Application Priority Data electrically conductive supporting member sur- Ju
  • a vacuum switch of. this general type is represented inpublished German application No.l,590,356.
  • the central supporting member is a tubular component havingonly the basic purpose of serving as a mechanical attachment of the associated switching contact;
  • a coil which is in the form of a helical conductive winding arranged in electrically parallel relation thereto has a lower electrical impedance than the tubular component so that current flowing through the vacuum switch travels predominantly through the coil. It is the purpose of this prior arrangement to cause a magnetic dispersion field at the side of the winding facing the switching contact as a result of the current flowing through the helic winding of the magnetic coil field whereby to effect rotation of the cut-off electric are on the contact surface of the-circuit contacts.
  • the high current electric arc in a vacuum switch the high current electric arc can be shifted or displaced without a disturbing increase of inductivity from the inner electrode regions to the outside by magnetic means and an annular movement of the are on the electrodes can be achieved by providing the electrodes with a spiral shape so that the current in the electrodes flows tangentially to the circumference of the switching electrode (compare for instance German Pat. No.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a vacuum switching tube wherein in spite of simple contact geometry and little self-inductivity an even rotation of the cut-off or break-away electric arc on the active electrode surface is assured in order to achieve an even thermic stress of the contact surfaces.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved vacuum switch embodying a novel relationship of central supporting structure, contact structure and coil structure.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide new and improved arc suppression and dispersion in a vacuum switch.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide new and improved means in a vacuum switch for radially biasing the cut-off or break-away electric arc.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide improvements in the efficiency and operation of vacuum switches.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevational view through a simplified embodiment of a vacuum switch according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged illustrative sectional elevational view of the two switching'contacts and associated structure of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional plan view taken substantially along the line III-III of FIG. 2.
  • the vacuum switch as shown'in FIG. 1 is simplified to the most basic parts comprising an evacuated chamber defined within a preferably cylindrical housing 1, of suitable insulating,
  • the contact 4 is attached to a relatively large mass supporting rod member 7 which extends fixedly through the closure 2 so that its outer end can-be connected in an electrical circuit.
  • the other contact 5 is centrally supported by a relatively large mass metallic rod-member 6 which extends through the enclosure 22 for connection in an electrical .circuit.
  • the supporting member 6 is reciprocably mounted to 'move axially freely through'the enclosure 22, with a As best seen in FIGS.
  • the'switching contacts 4 and 5 are generally allochiral in shape, comprising plate disks of substantial mass formed from any suitable electrically conductive material, provided with respective contact surfaces 4a and 5a which are in parallel planes in central contact portions thereof and taper away from the central contact portions in a substantial annular area thereabout.
  • Each of the contacts has inits contact surface a central recess 9, as is customary. Attachment of' the contacts 4 and 5 to their respective supporting members 7 and 6 is in any preferred permacontact geometry and little self-inductivity, to assure uniform rotation of the electrical break-away arc on the active electrode surface, achieving uniform thermic stress of the contact surfaces.
  • the central supporting member 6 for the contact 5 has a high electrical conductivity in comparison to a coil structure connected to and between the member 6 and the contact 5. Furthermore, the coil 10 is connected to a portion of the contact 5 which is at least partially separated from the central portion of the contact to which the supporting member 6 is attached. Desirably the construction and arrangement are such that the central supporting member 6 serves as a conductor with high conductive value in the closed condition of the vacuum switch so that current .flow will be largely through the central supporting part, while the coil 10 is relatively low in current conducting capacity and thus of low inductance and is yet sufficient for producing a good dispersion field during break-away arcing.
  • the coil 10 is arranged electrically parallel to the central supporting conductor member 6 and is so arranged that it has a higher electrical resistance than-the supportingconductor member 6.
  • the coil 10 discharges at the switching contact 5 into portions which are at least partially separated from the central area of the-switching contact 5 which has the recess 9
  • such at-least partial separation is effected between the central portion of the contact 5 and an annular radially outer portion by means of an annulargroove 11 which for partial separation is of a depth to extend almost entirely through the contact 5 from its back surface to its forward surface as shown in full outline inFIG. 2, but whichmay comprise a complete interruption as indicated in dash lines extending from the groove walls to the front surface of the contact as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the groove 1 l'maybe-filled with a highly permeable'rnaterial 1 1 inserted therein.
  • the coil 10 comprises four coilsegments 12 which are disposed at 90 intervals about the central supporting member .6, are secured at one of. their ends in v electrically conductive relation fixedlyto the member 6 as best seen. in FIGS. 2 and 3 and secured at their opposite ends in electrically secure relation to the'annular portion of the contact 5 which is separated from the central portion by the separation gap 11.
  • Each of the coil segments 12 hasaportion 12a which extends radially from the conductor. supporting member 6 to anextent to overlie the radially outer annular at least partiallyseparated portionofthe conductor 5 and there joins'an arcuate portion 12b extending concentrically with the axis of the contact 5toward and terminating in adjacent spaced relation to.
  • the terminal portions 12c are fixedly secured to the contact 5 in sound electrical connection.
  • inductance of the vacuum switch of thepresent invention is hardly greater than .in a .vacuum switch without the-coil 10.
  • the reason the coil 10 does not re quire, inductance of any consequence is that to1,establish a magnetic field notorily aradialmagnetic dispersion field component but indirectly throug'hthe induction of eddy currents the oppositely locatedswitch! ing contact the entire axial magnetic field of 'the coil is utilized. Since an unw'eakened permeation of; the magnetic field by the coil 10 in the switching contact breakaway gap is achieved by-the annular.
  • the break-away arc is-biased' from the central portiontoward the outside perimeter of the switch contacts 4 and '5. Since a larger break away current flows through the coil 10 only: after the break-away electric arc has moved outwardly past-the at least partial separation 11, the arc rotation is amplified suddenly so that partial concentrated overheating of the contact surfaces will be avoidediand the vacuum switch safely interrupts high voltage current.
  • Qf further advantage is the fact that the arrangement of the coil can be varied within substantial limits and yet attain satisfactory results.
  • the particular four coil segments displaced in respect to each other by about 90 and running from the central supporting member and secured to the opposite face of the contact 5 from its contact surface is the preferred arrangement.
  • a vacuum switch having an evacuated housing containing a pair of relatively separable disk-shaped switching contacts, one of which contacts has a central portion attached to a central electrically conductive supporting member which is coaxially surrounded by a coil structure electrically parallel to the supporting member, the improvement comprising:
  • said coil being connected to an area of said one contact which is spaced from said supporting part;
  • a vacuum switch according to claim 2 wherein said gap comprises a groove whichextends into said one contact at the same side of the contact as the coil is located.
  • a vacuum switch having an evacuated housing containing a-pair of relatively separable disk-shaped switching contacts, one of which contacts has a central portion attached to a central electrically conductive supporting member which is coaxially surrounded by a coil structure electrically parallel to the supporting member, the improvement comprising: said coil being connected to an area of said one contact which is spaced from said supporting part;
  • said coil comprising a plurality of segments each of which is electrically attached at one end to said supporting member and its opposite end to said 5.
  • said one; contact comprises a circular disc, and said area and said central portion are at least partially separated by an annular gap.
  • each of said segments has a generally radially extending portion projecting from said supporting member -in spaced relation to said one contact and across said gap and joined to an arcuate coil portion from which a generally axially extending terminal is attached to said area adjacent to said gap.
  • a vacuum switch according to claim 4, wherein said coil comprises four coil segments which are dis-' placed in respect to each other by 90 and extend from the central supporting part in substantially quartercircular shape relative to the backside of the switching contact.
  • a vacuum switch according to claim 4, wherein said at least partial separation comprises a gap, and a permeable material in said gap.
  • a vacuum switch having an evacuated housing containing a pair of relatively separable disk-shaped switching contacts, one of which contacts has a central portion attached to a central electrically conductive supporting member which is coaxially surrounded by a coil structure electrically parallel to the supporting member, the improvement comprising:
  • said coil being connected to an area of said one contact which is spaced from said supporting part;
  • said coil comprising a plurality of equal segments extending from said supporting member in a generally common plane spaced from said one contact and having generally axially extending terminals connected to said area.
  • a vacuum switch according to claim 11, wherein said at least partial separation comprises a gap, and a permeable material in said gap.
  • a vacuum switch comprising an evacuated housing which contains a pair of disk-shaped switching contacts which canbe separated from each other, one
  • said central portion and said radially outer portion being at least partially separated from one another .by a gap; and said coil comprising four coil segments which are displaced in respect to each other by and extend from the central supporting part in substantially quarter-circular shape relative to the backside of the switching contact.
  • said coil segments are in generally parallel plane to the switching contact, have radially extending portions attached to the supporting part and extend across the gap with attachment of the coil segments to said radially outer portion adjacent to said gap.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
US00379995A 1972-07-19 1973-07-17 Vacuum switch Expired - Lifetime US3852555A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722235359 DE2235359C3 (de) 1972-07-19 Vakuumschalter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3852555A true US3852555A (en) 1974-12-03

Family

ID=5851033

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00379995A Expired - Lifetime US3852555A (en) 1972-07-19 1973-07-17 Vacuum switch

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3852555A (no)
JP (1) JPS5319104B2 (no)
CA (1) CA985724A (no)
FR (1) FR2193244B1 (no)
GB (1) GB1425641A (no)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946179A (en) * 1973-09-10 1976-03-23 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter
US4260864A (en) * 1978-11-30 1981-04-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with an improved contact with axial magnetic field coil
US4392035A (en) * 1981-06-03 1983-07-05 General Electric Company Vacuum interrupter
US4415787A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-11-15 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Vacuum interrupter
US4661665A (en) * 1986-07-10 1987-04-28 General Electric Company Vacuum interrupter and method of modifying a vacuum interrupter
US4695688A (en) * 1986-03-24 1987-09-22 General Electric Company Electrical contact construction
US5387771A (en) * 1993-04-08 1995-02-07 Joslyn Hi-Voltage Corporation Axial magnetic field high voltage vacuum interrupter
US6376791B1 (en) * 1995-04-09 2002-04-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Vacuum valve
WO2005062329A1 (de) * 2003-12-19 2005-07-07 Abb Technology Ag Mittel-/hochspannungsschalter
US20110073567A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Electrode for Switch and Vacuum Switch, and Method of Manufacturing Electrode for Switch or Vacuum Switch
US20110315662A1 (en) * 2010-06-29 2011-12-29 Schneider Electric USA, Inc. Arcing fault and arc flash protection system having a high-speed switch
US9902562B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2018-02-27 Rosendahl Nextrom Gmbh Device for conveying elongate objects

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5422813B2 (no) * 1973-09-10 1979-08-09
JPS5157233U (no) * 1974-10-31 1976-05-06
JPS59143229A (ja) * 1983-02-07 1984-08-16 株式会社明電舎 真空インタラプタ

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3196236A (en) * 1962-07-16 1965-07-20 Jennings Radio Mfg Corp High power vacuum circuit breaker contacts and arc-extinguishing means therefor
US3244843A (en) * 1963-10-16 1966-04-05 Jennings Radio Mfg Corp Arc-controlling auxiliary contact assembly for electric switches
US3246979A (en) * 1961-11-10 1966-04-19 Gen Electric Vacuum circuit interrupter contacts

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2027836A (en) * 1934-02-23 1936-01-14 Gen Electric Vacuum switch
US3327081A (en) * 1964-11-25 1967-06-20 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Contact with high resistance material insert
US3622724A (en) * 1970-02-24 1971-11-23 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter having contacts with improved arc-revolving means

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3246979A (en) * 1961-11-10 1966-04-19 Gen Electric Vacuum circuit interrupter contacts
US3196236A (en) * 1962-07-16 1965-07-20 Jennings Radio Mfg Corp High power vacuum circuit breaker contacts and arc-extinguishing means therefor
US3244843A (en) * 1963-10-16 1966-04-05 Jennings Radio Mfg Corp Arc-controlling auxiliary contact assembly for electric switches

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946179A (en) * 1973-09-10 1976-03-23 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Vacuum interrupter
US4260864A (en) * 1978-11-30 1981-04-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with an improved contact with axial magnetic field coil
US4415787A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-11-15 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Vacuum interrupter
US4392035A (en) * 1981-06-03 1983-07-05 General Electric Company Vacuum interrupter
US4695688A (en) * 1986-03-24 1987-09-22 General Electric Company Electrical contact construction
US4661665A (en) * 1986-07-10 1987-04-28 General Electric Company Vacuum interrupter and method of modifying a vacuum interrupter
US5387771A (en) * 1993-04-08 1995-02-07 Joslyn Hi-Voltage Corporation Axial magnetic field high voltage vacuum interrupter
US6376791B1 (en) * 1995-04-09 2002-04-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Vacuum valve
US6426475B2 (en) * 1995-09-04 2002-07-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Vacuum valve
WO2005062329A1 (de) * 2003-12-19 2005-07-07 Abb Technology Ag Mittel-/hochspannungsschalter
US20110073567A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Electrode for Switch and Vacuum Switch, and Method of Manufacturing Electrode for Switch or Vacuum Switch
US8294057B2 (en) * 2009-09-30 2012-10-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Electrode for switch and vacuum switch, and method of manufacturing electrode for switch or vacuum switch
US20110315662A1 (en) * 2010-06-29 2011-12-29 Schneider Electric USA, Inc. Arcing fault and arc flash protection system having a high-speed switch
US8319136B2 (en) * 2010-06-29 2012-11-27 Schneider Electric USA, Inc. Arcing fault and arc flash protection system having a high-speed switch
US9902562B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2018-02-27 Rosendahl Nextrom Gmbh Device for conveying elongate objects

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2193244B1 (no) 1977-02-18
DE2235359A1 (de) 1974-01-31
DE2235359B2 (de) 1977-07-07
JPS5319104B2 (no) 1978-06-19
CA985724A (en) 1976-03-16
GB1425641A (en) 1976-02-18
FR2193244A1 (no) 1974-02-15
JPS4944267A (no) 1974-04-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3852555A (en) Vacuum switch
GB1163271A (en) Circuit Interrupters
US4117288A (en) Vacuum type circuit interrupter with a contact having integral axial magnetic field means
EP0313106A3 (en) Electrical switchgear
EP0329410B1 (en) Vacuum interrupter
US3327081A (en) Contact with high resistance material insert
US3462572A (en) Vacuum type circuit interrupter having contacts provided with improved arcpropelling means
US3818164A (en) Vacuum type electric circuit breaker
US4453054A (en) Contact apparatus for vacuum switches
US3244843A (en) Arc-controlling auxiliary contact assembly for electric switches
US3366762A (en) Arc controlling electrodes for switches and gaps
EP0133368B2 (en) High current switch contact
EP0125553A2 (en) Circuit breaker of spiral arc type
US3740507A (en) Vacuum switch with magnetically controllable arc
US5861597A (en) Vacuum electrical switch
US3555223A (en) Vacuum circuit interrupters with co-axial movable main and movable auxillary contacts
GB1078906A (en) Vacuum-type electric circuit interrupter
US4695689A (en) Vacuum circuit breaker
GB1469346A (en) Vacuum interrupter
US3275777A (en) Multipoint contacts employing the arc rotating principle
US3014108A (en) Vacuum switch
US5726406A (en) Electrical vacuum switch
US4465991A (en) Operating device for effecting opening and closing operation of a vacuum interrupter with an electromagnet incorporated therein
US3345484A (en) Shielding for a vacuum type circuit interrupter
US4617434A (en) Contact arrangement for a vacuum interrupter