US3850648A - Flowable hectographic compositions - Google Patents

Flowable hectographic compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3850648A
US3850648A US00306437A US30643772A US3850648A US 3850648 A US3850648 A US 3850648A US 00306437 A US00306437 A US 00306437A US 30643772 A US30643772 A US 30643772A US 3850648 A US3850648 A US 3850648A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
composition
hectographic
parts
fatty acid
dye
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00306437A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Riedel
R Waechter
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/02—Printing inks
    • C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
    • B41M5/06—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet using master sheets coated with jelly-like materials, e.g. gelatin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
    • Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
    • Y10S516/07—Organic amine, amide, or n-base containing

Definitions

  • hectographic compositions the dyes are dispersed in a wax composition with the aid of grinding equipment.
  • the resulting hectographic compositions are transferred, in the molten state, to tanks from which they are applied to a paper by, say, a printing or knife-coating technique. Hectographic papers of this kind may then be used for making copies in a simple manner by transfer printing.
  • compositions During storage and processing of hectographic compositions in the liquid state, a considerable increase in viscosity frequently occurs. Before the coating operation commences or is complete the compositions become so thick that the production rate must be reduced considerably. When stored forv long periods, the compositions stiffen irreversibly and thus become useless for coating operations.
  • hectographic compositions remain stable and flowable on storage when they contain alkoxylated fatty acid alkanolamides in a concentration of from 1 to by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the alkoxylated fatty acid alkanolamides used as additives in the hectographic compositions of the invention are fatty acid amides containing oxyalkyl groups, preferably obtained by alkoxylating fatty acid alkanolamides.
  • the ethanolamides and in particular the monoethanolamides are especially preferred.
  • Particularly suitable fatty acids are the higher fatty acids or mixtures thereof such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, tallow fatty acid, coconut fatty acid and similar acids.
  • the fatty acid alkanolamides are reacted with alkylene oxides, preferably ethylene oxide.
  • the molar ratio of fatty acid alkanolamide to alkylene oxide in this reaction is conveniently from 1:5 to 1:25 and preferably from 1:8 to 1:15.
  • the alkoxylated fatty acid alkanolamide is incorporated in the hectographic composition of the invention in an amount of from 1 to 20% and preferably from 2 to 10% by weight before, during or after the dye component has been ground together with the wax component for dispersion therein.
  • the alkoxylated fatty acid alkanolamide may be added to the dye component during its manufacture or during milling thereof, or it may be added to the wax component before this is mixed with the dye.
  • the dye component forms the major component of the hectographic composition, usually being present therein in an amount of from to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, and suitable dyes for use in the present invention are all conventional hectographic dyes, particularly triarylmethane dyes such as Crystal Violet (C.l. No. 42,555), Methyl Violet (C.l. No. 43,535) and Victoria Blue B (C.l. No. 44,045), as well as mixtures of said dyes.
  • triarylmethane dyes such as Crystal Violet (C.l. No. 42,555), Methyl Violet (C.l. No. 43,535) and Victoria Blue B (C.l. No. 44,045), as well as mixtures of said dyes.
  • Suitable waxes for use in the hectographic composition are any of the usual natural and synthetic waxes and oils such as carnauba wax, lanolin, Vaseline, paraffin wax, ozocerite, beeswax, montan waxes crude or modified (ester wax), mineral oils, paraffin oil.
  • chine oil spindle oil, neats foot oil, bone oil, peanut oil, castor oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, poppy seed oil and olein, either alone or in the form of mixtures.
  • hectographic compositions of the invention remain stable and flowable when stored for long periods and when subjected to the elevated temperatures normally used in further processing and they are thus eminently suitable for coating hectographic papers.
  • non-ionic emulsifiers are used in order to reduce the hardness of diand tri-arylmethane dyes and thus to make such dyes more suitable for hectographic applications, such emulsifiers have no or no appreciable viscosity stabilizing effect in hectographic compositions.
  • EXAMPLE 1 354 Parts of moisture-containing Crystal Violet (solids content 200 parts) are melted over a water bath to form a solution. 10 Parts of reaction product of 1 mole of oleic monoethanolamide and 10 moles of ethylene oxide are stirred into said solution. The composition is stirred and the water evaporated therefrom until it stiffens, whereupon it is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet at C until the moisture level is only about 2%. The resulting lumps are milled to a dye powder which is suitable for incorporation in hectographic compositions such as is described for example in Example 4.
  • EXAMPLE 2 20 Parts of a reaction product of 1 mole of tallow fatty acid monoethanolamide (monoethanol mixture obtained from an acid mixture of 47% of oleic acid, 29% of palmitic acid, 18% of steariic acid, 3% of myristic acid and 3% of linoleic acid) and 12 moles of ethylene oxide are homogeneously mixed with 30 parts of water and then stirred into 354 parts of a dye melt as described in Example 1, the resulting mixture being further processed as described in Example 1. There is obtained a Crystal Violet dye composition suitable for incorporation in a hectographic composition as described in Example 5 for example.
  • tallow fatty acid monoethanolamide monoethanol mixture obtained from an acid mixture of 47% of oleic acid, 29% of palmitic acid, 18% of steariic acid, 3% of myristic acid and 3% of linoleic acid
  • EXAMPLE 3 300 Parts of Crystal Violet (solids content parts) and 60 parts of Methyl Violet (solids content 30 parts) are melted over a water bath and mixed with 25 parts of a reaction product of 1 mole of oleic ethanolamide and 10 moles of ethylene oxide. The mixture is processed as described in Example 1 to give a dye composition having a moisture content of about 3%.
  • EXAMPLE 4 144 Parts of a wax mixture consisting of 36 parts of carnauba wax, 36 parts of Vaseline, 51 parts of lanolin and 21 parts of mineral oil are ground together with 156 parts of Crystal Violet dye powder as obtained in Example 1 using 600 parts of steatite spheres in a stirred ball mill at 95C, the speed of rotation being 800 rpm. After 90 minutes, the resulting hectographic compositionis removed from the spheres and its viscosity is measured in an Epprecht viscometer (measuring system B, velocity stage I) at 95C immediately and during a storage period of 24 hours. The test results show an initial viscosity of 580 centipoise, which does not change in the course of 24 hours. A control dye composition not containing the ethoxylated oleic monoethanolamide shows an initial viscosity of 700 centipoise which rises in the course of 24 hours at 95C to 1,500 centipoise.
  • EXAMPLE 5 The Crystal Violet dye composition obtained in Example 2 is ground together with a wax composition in a stirred ball mill following the procedure described in Example 4. Viscosity measurements show an initial viscosity of from 520 to 550 centipoise at 95C, the viscosity remaining at this level throughout a storage period of 24 hours at 95C.
  • EXAMPLE 6 48 Parts of a wax mixture consisting of 12 parts of carnauba wax, 12 parts of vaseline, 17 parts of lanolin and 7 parts of mineral oil are ground together with 52 parts of the dye composition obtained in Example 1 on a three-roll mill, the mixture being passed through the mill 4 times at room temperature and a pressure of 60 atmospheres gage and twice at 95C at a pressure of from 10 to atmospheres gage.
  • the viscosity of the hectographic composition thus obtained is the same after storage for 4 days at 95C as before storage, i.e. 370 centipoise.
  • the control dye composition prepared without said ethoxylation product shows a rise in viscosity over the said period of from 480 to 1,500 centipolse.
  • EXAMPLE 7 13 Parts of carnauba wax, 17 parts of vaseline, 13 parts of bone oil, 2 parts of oleic acid and 55 parts of Crystal Violet are ground together with 2.75 parts or 5 parts or 10 parts of a reaction product of 1 mole of tallow fatty acid monoethanolamide and 12 moles of ethylene oxide in the three-roll mill as described in Example 5. Viscosity measurements of the resulting hectographic composition give initial values of 510, 440 and 370 centipoise at 95C respectively, these values not changing over a storage period of 24 hours at 95C. The corresponding composition not containing the ethoxylation product shows an initial viscosity of 1,100 centipoise and values above 2,000 centipoise after storage for 24 hours at 95C.
  • EXAMPLE 8 354 Parts of moisture-containing Crystal Violet (solids content 200 parts) are melted over a water bath to form a solution. 4 parts of a reaction product of l mole of oleic monoethanolamide and 10 moles of ethylene oxide are stirred into said solution. Further treatment of the composition is as described in Example 1. 156 Parts of the resulting Crystal Violet dye powder are ground together with 144 parts of a wax mixture consisting of 36 parts of carnauba wax, 36 parts of vaseline, 51 parts of lanolin and 21 parts of mineral oil, as described in Example 4, to form a hectographic composition. Viscosity measurements carried out in the manner described above give an initial viscosity of 600 centipoise at C, this showing no change over 24 hours.
  • EXAMPLE 9 354 Parts of moisture-containing Crystal Violet (solids content 200 parts) are melted over a water bath to form a solution. 40 Parts of a reaction product of 1 mole of oleic monoethanolamide and 10 moles of ethylene oxide are stirred into said solution. Further treatment of the composition is as described in Example 1. 156 Parts of the resulting Crystal Violet dye powder are ground together with 144 parts of a wax mixture consisting of 36 parts of carnauba wax, 36 parts of Vaseline, 51 parts of lanolin and 21 parts of mineral oil as described in Example 4 to provide a hectographic composition. The viscosity measurements carried out as described above give an initial viscosity of 500 centipoise at 95C, this showing no change over 24 hours.
  • a flowable hectographic composition consisting essentially of (a) a hectographic dye, (b) a wax and (c) as a viscosity stabilizer an alkoxylated fatty acid alkanolamide in a concentration of from 1 to 20% by weight ofthe total weight of the hectographic compositron.
  • composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the concentration of said alkoxylated fatty acid alkanolamide is about 2 to 10% by weight.
  • composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein said wax is a substance selected from the class consisting of natural and synthetic waxes, mixtures thereof, and admixtures thereof with oils.
  • composition as claimed in claim 1 in which the molar ratio of the fatty acid alkanolamide to the alkylene oxide is about 1:5 to 1:25.
  • composition as claimed in claim 1 in which the molar ratio of the fatty acid alkanolamide to the alkylene oxide is about 1:8 to 1:15.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Duplication Or Marking (AREA)
US00306437A 1971-11-16 1972-11-14 Flowable hectographic compositions Expired - Lifetime US3850648A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2156762A DE2156762C3 (de) 1971-11-16 1971-11-16 Fliessfähige Hektographenmassen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3850648A true US3850648A (en) 1974-11-26

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US00306437A Expired - Lifetime US3850648A (en) 1971-11-16 1972-11-14 Flowable hectographic compositions

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3850648A (en:Method)
JP (1) JPS4858907A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH565852A5 (en:Method)
DE (1) DE2156762C3 (en:Method)
FR (1) FR2160444B1 (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1405160A (en:Method)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4752381A (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-06-21 Nalco Chemical Company Upgrading petroleum and petroleum fractions
US5000786A (en) * 1987-11-02 1991-03-19 Seiko Epson Corporation Ink composition and ink jet recording apparatus and method
US5308390A (en) * 1992-09-17 1994-05-03 Deluxe Corporation Ink composition and method of making and using such composition
US5431721A (en) * 1992-09-17 1995-07-11 Deluxe Corporation Ink varnish and composition and method of making the same
US5549741A (en) * 1992-09-17 1996-08-27 Deluxe Corporation Ink varnish composition

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752255A (en) * 1953-04-29 1956-06-26 Wallace G Clarke Crystal violet composition
US2752254A (en) * 1953-04-29 1956-06-26 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Hectograph black
US2824812A (en) * 1954-12-20 1958-02-25 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Hectograph composition
US3097219A (en) * 1961-08-07 1963-07-09 Commercial Solvents Corp Oxyalkylated carboxylic acid amides and production thereof
US3565658A (en) * 1968-07-19 1971-02-23 Phillips Petroleum Co Carbon black dispersing agent
US3755244A (en) * 1971-06-02 1973-08-28 Hercules Inc Polyolefin pigment dispersions

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752255A (en) * 1953-04-29 1956-06-26 Wallace G Clarke Crystal violet composition
US2752254A (en) * 1953-04-29 1956-06-26 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Hectograph black
US2824812A (en) * 1954-12-20 1958-02-25 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Hectograph composition
US3097219A (en) * 1961-08-07 1963-07-09 Commercial Solvents Corp Oxyalkylated carboxylic acid amides and production thereof
US3565658A (en) * 1968-07-19 1971-02-23 Phillips Petroleum Co Carbon black dispersing agent
US3755244A (en) * 1971-06-02 1973-08-28 Hercules Inc Polyolefin pigment dispersions

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4752381A (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-06-21 Nalco Chemical Company Upgrading petroleum and petroleum fractions
US5000786A (en) * 1987-11-02 1991-03-19 Seiko Epson Corporation Ink composition and ink jet recording apparatus and method
US5124719A (en) * 1987-11-02 1992-06-23 Seiko Epson Corporation Ink jet recording method
US5308390A (en) * 1992-09-17 1994-05-03 Deluxe Corporation Ink composition and method of making and using such composition
US5338351A (en) * 1992-09-17 1994-08-16 Deluxe Corporation Ink composition and method of making, using and recovering such composition
US5382282A (en) * 1992-09-17 1995-01-17 Deluxe Corporation Ink composition and method of making, using and recovering such composition
US5431721A (en) * 1992-09-17 1995-07-11 Deluxe Corporation Ink varnish and composition and method of making the same
US5549741A (en) * 1992-09-17 1996-08-27 Deluxe Corporation Ink varnish composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2160444A1 (en:Method) 1973-06-29
DE2156762B2 (de) 1974-04-04
JPS4858907A (en:Method) 1973-08-18
FR2160444B1 (en:Method) 1977-07-22
DE2156762C3 (de) 1974-11-07
DE2156762A1 (de) 1973-05-30
GB1405160A (en) 1975-09-03
CH565852A5 (en:Method) 1975-08-29

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