US3840386A - Method and sheet assembly for producing imaged transparencies suited for projection - Google Patents

Method and sheet assembly for producing imaged transparencies suited for projection Download PDF

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Publication number
US3840386A
US3840386A US00167131A US16713171A US3840386A US 3840386 A US3840386 A US 3840386A US 00167131 A US00167131 A US 00167131A US 16713171 A US16713171 A US 16713171A US 3840386 A US3840386 A US 3840386A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sheet
image
auxiliary layer
support sheet
transferable
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00167131A
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English (en)
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K Svensson
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from SE11169/70A external-priority patent/SE350439B/xx
Priority claimed from SE02278/71A external-priority patent/SE359776B/xx
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/382—Contact thermal transfer or sublimation processes
    • B41M5/38207—Contact thermal transfer or sublimation processes characterised by aspects not provided for in groups B41M5/385 - B41M5/395
    • B41M5/38214—Structural details, e.g. multilayer systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/10—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by using carbon paper or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture

Definitions

  • a sheet assembly for producing an imaged transpar- 101/471 ency comprises a donor sheet with a transferable Co [51] Int.
  • sheet assemblies available on the market for producing the imaged transparency. These sheet assemblies comprise a donor sheet which consists of a support sheet and a resinous, gluey, oily and/or waxy transferable layer anchored to the support sheet and containing colouring matter, and in contact therewith a transparent image-receiving sheet which is capable of engaging the transferable layer by picking it up in selected areas. There are various methods of transferring parts of the transferable layer from the donor sheet to the image-receiving sheet in order to produce on said image-receiving sheet an image so that said image-receiving sheet can then be used in the (overhead) projector as a transparency sheet.
  • the prior art sheet assemblies suffer from several drawbacks.
  • the present invention has for its object the elimination of the above drawbacks in an inexpensive and simple manner.
  • the invention thus provides a sheet assembly for pro ducing an imaged transparency for projection purposes, comprising a first support sheet, a transferable layer anchored to one face of said first support sheet and consisting of colouring matter and a material of the group consisting of resinous, gluey, oily and waxy matters, said first support sheet and said transferable layer forming a donor sheet of the assembly, a transparent second support sheet, and a transparent auxiliary layer anchored to one face of said second support sheet and consisting of colouring matter and a material of the group consisting of resinous, gluey, oily and waxy matters, said second support sheet and said auxiliary layer forming a transparent image-receiving sheet of the assembly, said donor sheet and said image-receiving sheet being adapted to be disposed with their said layers in face-to-face contact for imagewise transfer of parts of said transferable layer from said donor sheet to said auxiliary layer of said image-receiving sheet.
  • the transferable layer portions transferred to the imagereceiving layer will be well anchored and give an image of improved sharpness and clarity, and that the auxiliary layer filters the light of the projector in such a way that neither the projector operator nor the spectators are exposed to dazzling or eye straining scattered or reflected light.
  • the transferable layer of the donor sheet consists of a per se known pressuresensitive so-called contact carbon transferable layer.
  • the invention is suited for production of the imaged transparency directly by the impact or pressure exerted by a pencil, pen or typewriter type or in print-
  • the transferable layer of the donor sheet consists of a per se known thermographic transferable layer.
  • the sheet assembly according to the present invention is utilized for the production of the imaged transparency by thermographic printing of a graphic original having image area portions surrounded by background portions, said image area portions having a greater capability than the background portions of absorbing radiatingenergy and thus of being heated.
  • the graphic original is placed on the donor sheet, and the assembly of graphic original, donor sheet and image-receiving sheet is irradiated with radiating energy, the image area portions of the original thereby being heated and imagewise transferring heat by conduction to the donor sheet so that the transferable layer thereof, which engages the auxiliary layer of the image-receiving sheet, is heated in the portions corresponding to the image area portions of the original and in these portions release their anchorage to the support'sheet of the donor sheet and are transferred to the auxiliary layer of the image-receiving sheet and are anchored there.
  • thermographic transferable layer may be suitable for the thermographic transferable layer to contain hectographic dyes so that the image transparency thermographically produced by means of the sheet assembly can be used for the double purpose of first producing in conventional manner a number of hectographic copies by a spirit duplication process and then being utilized in the projector.
  • a sheet assembly for thermographic printing on the auxiliary layer provided on the imagereceiving sheet shall be characterized by two features: (I) the auxiliary layer contains a colouring matter which is substantially not heated when exposed to radiating energy but still-absorbs visible radiation to such an extent that it eliminates any strain of the eyes of spectators viewing the projection screen and also of the projector operator, and (2) the melting point and the tack point of the-auxiliary layer are higher than the melting point and the tack point of the transferable layer of the thermographic transfer sheet and the melting point of the auxiliary layer is higher than the temperature at which the thermographic tiarisfer takes place.
  • the transferable layer of the donor sheet thus is preferably but not necessarily disposed on a polyester support film to which the transferable layerv is very well anchored at room temperature although the anchorage will be lost to a large extent at 60 to C,'above which temperature the thermocopy transfer takes place.
  • the transferable layer preferably has a melting point of about 76C and is applied on the support sheet of the donor sheet in an amount of about to l l g/sq.m., preferably 8 g/sq.m.
  • the receiving waxy auxiliary layer on the image-receiving sheet has a weight of 2 to 5 g/sq.m., preferably 3 g/sq.m., and a melting point of 80 to 90C or even higher, preferably 86C, and a tack point which is several degrees lower.
  • the thermoprinting temperature employed lies betwen the tack point of the transferable layer of the donor sheet and the melting point of the auxiliary layer of the image-receiving sheet, and at such a thermocopying temperature the transferable layer of the donor sheet is firmly anchored to the auxiliary layer of the imagereceiving sheet without reducing the bond or anchorage between the support sheet and auxiliary layer of the image-receiving sheet.
  • FIG. 1 shows an enlarged cross section of one embodiment of a sheet assembly according to the invention when a thermographic reflex copying process is utilized;
  • FIG. 2 shows in a similar manner a second embodiment of a sheet assembly according to the invention with the use of a thermographic transmission printing process
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a sheet assembly comprising a donor sheet and a transferable layer of the contact carbon type
  • FIG. 4 corresponds to FIG. 3 but also shows an auxiliary sheet placed on the sheet assembly
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the sheet assembly in FIG. 3 after pressure has been applied thereto whereafter the sheets have been separated slightly.
  • FIG. 1 is a graphic original with image portions 2 which are surrounded by background portions and have a greater capability than said background portions of absorbing radiating energy and thereby being heated.
  • 3 designates a donor sheet which consists of a support sheet 4 and a transferable layer 5 which absorbs light more or less.
  • a transparent image-receiving sheet 6 consists of a light absorbing auxiliary layer 7 having a high tack point which is coated on a support sheet 8.
  • This support sheet 8 can be made from several types of transparent film material but especially film of polyester has particularly reliable properties.
  • the auxiliary layer 7 which shall also be transparent and contain colouring matters preferably of low capability of being heated by absorption of radiating energy, shall be resinous, gluey. oily and/or waxy to be able to anchor the transferable layer 5 to itself during the thermographic copying described in the following.
  • the uppermost surface that is, the support sheet 8 of the image-receiving sheet faces the source of radiating energy. If the graphic original is imaged only on one face and the background areas can be penetrated by radiating energy without being heated, it is also possible to place the source of radiating energy on the opposite side of the assembled sheets, particularly if a surface 9 reflecting radiating energy is positioned beneath and in contact with the support sheet 8, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Example 1 indicates a suitable composition of the auxiliary layer 7.
  • Example I Waxes 60-90% resins 0-l0% lubricants 25% fatty alcohols 0.5-7.0% fatty acids 00.7% surfactants l-5% organic solvent not volatile or slightly volatile at the thermocopying temperature and having one or more OH-groups O 5-8'7r dyes l-8% Suitable waxes are of the type used in the manufacture of carbon paper.
  • the resins which are intended to give the composition suitable tackiness can be natural or synthetic.
  • Suitable dyes should have a low capacity of being heated by absorption of radiating energy and may be of the oil soluble or spirit soluble type or be basic dyes. Dyes which are considerably heatable by absorption of radiating energy, such as dyes of the nigrosin or indulin type, offer no advantages but would contribute to pro.-
  • Dyes usually employed in hectographic master sheets such as basic dyes, should be used sparingly and only to assist in obtaining a pleasant colour hue of the auxiliary layer.
  • the solvent of the described type assists in making the solution of the dye complete and stable.
  • Such solvents as glycols are simultaneously useful as aids in keeping the image-receiving sheet flat even when it is exposed to the heat prevailing in the beam of rays in the projector.
  • Example 2 A composition which has proven suitable is indicated hereinbelow. A mixture of OP-Wachs and KP-Wachs The composition withstands the duplicating liquid in spirit duplication without serious deterioration of the mechanical and physical (optical) properties.
  • auxiliary layer 7 has also proven suitable to provide the auxiliarylayer by printing in a printing press by means of a transparent printing ink. Many inks suitable for this purpose are commercially available.
  • the sheet assembly shown in FIG. 3 comprises a donor sheet 11, 12 which is placed on an image receiving sheet 13, 14.
  • the donor sheet consists of a support sheet 11 and a transferable layer 12 anchored to one face of the support sheet.
  • the image-receiving sheet which is transparent consists of a support sheet 14 and an auxiliary layer 13 anchored to one face thereof. The donor sheet and the image-receiving sheet are superimposed, with the layers 12 and 13 adjacent to and in contact with one another.
  • the transferable layer 12 of the donor sheet 11 is a resinous, gluey or waxy pressure-sensitive contact carbon transferable donor layer.
  • Such transferable layers are previously known in various compositions and hereinafter only a few examples are given of the possible composition of such donor layer.
  • Such a contact carbon transferable donor layer has the property, as distinct from the transferable layers of ordinary pressure-sensitive carbon papers, that when exposed to a printing pressure, e.g., by means of a pen, pencil or in a typewriter, or printing press, it will not produce any markings on an underlying ordinary paper but provides such markings on a paper, the surface of which has been made receptive for instance by means of a receiving layer.
  • the auxiliary layer 13 of the image-receiving sheet is of just such a nature that the transferable layer 12 can provide markings thereon under the action of printing pressure, whereas the transferable layer 12 would not give any markings on the support sheet 14 of the image-receiving sheet if the auxiliary layer 13 were missing.
  • the support sheet 14 and the auxiliary layer 13 of the image-receiving sheet are suitably of the type described in conjunction with FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a printing pressure by means of a typewriter, printing press, pen, pencil or like element is exerted locally on the upper side of the support sheet 11 corresponding to a desired image or text, so that the transferable layer 12 is locally pressed imagewise against the auxiliary layer 13 and adheres thereto.
  • the printing pressure is suitably exerted against the support sheet 11 in such a way that an imagewise marking 16 (FIG. 5) is obtained also on the sheet 11.
  • portions 18 of the transferable layer 12 will remain imagewise on the auxiliary layer 13, and corresponding interstices 17 will form in the transferable layer 12 on the sheet 11 opposite its markings 16.
  • the image-receiving sheet 13, 14 with the transferable layer portions 18 anchored thereto constitute an image transparency sheet which is immediately useful for projection purposes in an overhead projector.
  • the auxiliary layer 13 on the image transparency sheet 14, 13, 18 contains a colouring matter which is substantially not heated when exposed to radiating energy although it will absorb visible radiation to such an extent that it eliminates any fatigue of the eyes of a spectator viewing the overhead projection screen and eliminates stray light from the object table of the projector, which is so discomforting to the projector operator.
  • the transferable layer portions 18 of the image transparency contain pigments or dyes sufficiently absorbing or altering the projector light impinging on the transferably layer portions 18 so that a projection image of a high contrast is obtained.
  • the support sheet 11 is a film, the free face of which is untreated and glossy and therefore not particularly well suited to receiving print by means that exert printing pressure, such as pens, pencils, printing presses or typewriters
  • the sheet 15 can also be for instance a finished drawing which is easily copied by tracing.
  • the sheet assembly according to FIG. 4 is used in the same manner as the sheet assembly according to FIG. 3 except that the markings 16 (FIG. 5) are obtained on the sheet 15 instead of the support sheet 11.
  • the transferable layer 12 shall be made in a known manner as a contact carbon transferable layer.
  • This layer 12 can preferably be realized by solvent coating with for instance trichloroethylene as solvent according to the following example:
  • Trichloroethylene parts by weight resin 2 do. do. do. lithopon 25 do. do. do. black pigment (black lake) 8 do. do. do.
  • black pigment instead of the 8 parts of black pigment another example has 2 parts by weight of carbon black and 6 parts by weight of clay.
  • resin use can be-made of a natural resin, such as WW resin or a synthetic resin.
  • a white or other than black pigment can be used instead of the black pigment.
  • the transferable layer such as it is deposited as markings 18 (FIG. 5) on the image-receiving sheet 13, 14 absorbs light considerably better or in another hue than the sheet 13, 14 proper to provide a projected image of high contrast on a projection screen.
  • This imaged transparency is entirely smudge-proof, which is of great importance because smudging, if any, of the object table of the projector, which usually is a large plate of clear glass, is to be considered a serious inconvenience in that it reduces the readiness for use of the projector and makes it more difficult to maintain in a neat and clean condition. Furthermore, the imaged transparency is of such a type that neither the eyes of the projector operator nor those of the spectators are exposed to dazzling, harmful or discomforting stray light, and this is attained without the necessity of providing separate filters.
  • a sheet assembly for producing an imaged transparency for projection purposes from a graphic original having image portions and background portions, comprising a first support sheet, a transferable layer anchored to one face of said first support sheet and consisting of colouring matter and a material of the group consistingof resinous, gluey, oily and waxy matters, said first support sheet and said transferable layer form- What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent ing a donor sheet of the assembly, a transparent second support sheet, and a transparent auxiliary layer anchored to one face of said second support sheet and consisting of a material of the group consisting of resinous, gluey, oily and waxy matters, said second support sheet and said auxiliary layer forming a transparent image-receiving sheet of the assembly, said donor sheet and said image-receiving sheet being adapted to be disposed with their said layers in face-to-face contact for imagewise transfer of parts of said transferable layer from said donor sheet to said auxiliary layer of said image-receiving sheet, the improvement consisting in that colouring in
  • lubricant 2-5 do.
  • fatty alcohol 0.5-7.0 do.
  • a sheet assembly for producing an imaged transparency for projection purposes from a graphic original having image portions and background portions, comprising a first support sheet, a pressure transferable 8v layer anchored to one face of said first support sheet and consisting of colouring matter and a material of the group consisting of resinous, gluey, oily and waxy matters, said first support sheet and said transferable layer forming a donor sheet of the assembly, a transparent second support sheet, and a transparent auxiliary layer anchored to one face of said second support sheet and consisting of a material of the group consisting of resinous, gluey, oily and waxy matters, said second support sheet and said auxiliary layer forming a transparent image-receiving sheet of the assembly, said donor sheet and said image-receiving sheet being adapted to be disposed with their said layers in face-to-face contact for imagewise pressure transfer of parts of said transferable layer from said donor sheet to said auxiliary layer of said image-receiving sheet, the improvement consisting in that colouring matter having low capability of being heated by ab

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
US00167131A 1970-08-17 1971-07-29 Method and sheet assembly for producing imaged transparencies suited for projection Expired - Lifetime US3840386A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE11169/70A SE350439B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-08-17 1970-08-17
SE02278/71A SE359776B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-02-23 1971-02-23

Publications (1)

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US3840386A true US3840386A (en) 1974-10-08

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US00167131A Expired - Lifetime US3840386A (en) 1970-08-17 1971-07-29 Method and sheet assembly for producing imaged transparencies suited for projection

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US (1) US3840386A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE771080A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA945760A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH566218A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2136592B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK140133B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2107052A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1355432A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL163741C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7111345A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-02-21
BE771080A (fr) 1971-12-16
DK140133B (da) 1979-06-25
CA945760A (en) 1974-04-23
DE2136592A1 (de) 1972-02-24
CH566218A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-09-15
NL163741C (nl) 1980-10-15
DE2136592B2 (de) 1978-07-20
FR2107052A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-05-05
DK140133C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-11-19
GB1355432A (en) 1974-06-05

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