US3836323A - Pre-heating apparatus in rotary kiln plant - Google Patents

Pre-heating apparatus in rotary kiln plant Download PDF

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Publication number
US3836323A
US3836323A US00310999A US31099972A US3836323A US 3836323 A US3836323 A US 3836323A US 00310999 A US00310999 A US 00310999A US 31099972 A US31099972 A US 31099972A US 3836323 A US3836323 A US 3836323A
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Prior art keywords
kiln
string
strings
respect
treating units
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00310999A
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English (en)
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E Engel
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FLSmidth and Co AS
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FLSmidth and Co AS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
    • F27B7/2025—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones

Definitions

  • the pre-heating apparatus includes four [51] Km Cl FT") 15/00 strings of treating units, each unit including separation [58] i 105 117 and heat exchange zones, wherein the units of each 432/129 34/57 k string are disposed in series superimposed relationship in communication with the kiln and wherein the four strings are arranged symmetrically with respect to de- [56] References Cited termined planes oriented with respect to the kiln axis and kiln outlet. UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,785,886 3/1957 Miiler 432/16 6 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PAIENIEB SEPI 1:914
  • FIG. 1 A first figure.
  • This invention relates generally to apparatus for preheating pulverous material, such as cement raw meal, prior to its introduction into a rotary kiln for burning. More particularly this invention relates to pre-heating apparatus of the type which includes at least one string of series connected treating units in each of which preheating is accomplished by heat exchange between the pulverous material and the smoke gases from the kiln. Each treating unit of this type of pre-heating apparatus commonly includes a riser pipe through which smoke gas from the kiln flows and into which the pulverous material is introduced.
  • This riser pipe defines a chamber in which heat exchange between the gas and pulverous material takes place.
  • Such treating units also commonly include a separator, such as a single or twin cyclone separator, in which the pulverous material is separated from the kiln smoke gases after the heat exchange has occurred.
  • the hot gases from the rotary kiln are drawn by means of a fan successively through the individual treating units which are arranged in superimposed steps or stages.
  • the cyclone outlet pipe in that stage is commonly passed directly to the rotary kiln.
  • the outlet pipes of the respective cyclone separators commonly open into the riser pipe leading to the cyclone separator of the preceeding stage in the direction of flow of the smoke gases.
  • Each riser pipe is provided with means for feeding it with the cement raw meal which, on its way through the treating units located at the various stages, is successively brought into contact with hotter and hotter smoke gas and is thereby heated to a high temperature.
  • the pulverous raw material is subjected to a separate pre-heating treatment.
  • the early pre-heating apparatus of this kind generally consisted of but a single string of treating units.
  • the modern day tendency in the cement industry and in other industries is, however, to use continually larger capacity plants and larger rotary kilns, which means that the capacity of the corresponding raw meal preheaters must likewise be increased.
  • One known way to meet this requirement for increased capacity is to provide the kiln with two parallel strings of treating units of the type described.
  • This invention meets the requirement for increased capacity by providing a specially constructed pre-heating apparatus which has several other advantages over known pre-heaters of the type described.
  • a preheating apparatus having four strings of treating units arranged symmetrically both with respect to a vertical plane through the kiln axis and with respect to another vertical plane, perpendicular to the former adjacent to or in front of the smoke gas outlet of the kiln is provided.
  • a pre-heating apparatus according to this invention is very compact, provides a very suitable riser pipe arrangement and lends itself to low material consumption for building up the necessary supporting structures.
  • a pre-heating apparatus constructed according to this invention ensures that the flow paths for the pulverous material and for the smoke gases are the same in each string, both media being equally distributed to the four strings. Moreover, the presence of the four strings affords a high degree of reliability for the total kiln plant, because in the case of failure or inspection of one or more strings, it is possible to continue operation with reduced production by working with a reduced number of strings without stopping the kiln.
  • each string includes four treating units and the four riser pipes belonging to the lowermost units preferably unite into a common shaft or conduit into which the rotary kiln opens.
  • the four riser pipes belonging to the lowermost units preferably unite into a common shaft or conduit into which the rotary kiln opens.
  • four riser pipes may advantageously unite in pairs into two common intermediate riser pipes, and the two common riser pipes thus produced may unite downwards into the common conduit.
  • FIG. I is a perspective view of a pre-heating apparatus constructed according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of the pre-heating apparatus shown in FIG. ll;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 4l-4l of FIG. 2.
  • the pre-heating apparatus shown includes four strings each of which includes four treating units which are disposed in series communicating relationship with respect to each other.
  • the treating units of each string are also disposed in superimposed relationship with respect to each other and each treating unit includes basically a riser pipe defining a heat exchange chamber and a communicating single or twin cyclone separator.
  • Pulverous material such as cement raw meal, is thus subjected to four stages or steps of treatment as it passes through the riser pipe and cyclone separator of each treating unit in a given string.
  • the treating stages to which the pulverous material is subjected in each string are counted in the direction of transport of material to the kiln.
  • the first stage is uppermost, i.e., it is located most remotely to the kiln.
  • the relationship of the individual components of the pre-heating apparatus to the individual stages or steps of treatment is indicated by the addition of a letter index following the particular reference numeral used.
  • the four stages of treatment are denoted by the letters A to D, commencing from above.
  • Located at the first stage are four twin cyclones IA, 2A, 3A and 4A with corresponding communicating riser pipes 5A, 6A, 7A and 8A.
  • These riser pipes lead from the top of four single cyclones 9B, 108, MB and 1213 in the second stage which also includes corresponding communicating riser pipes 13B, MB, 153 and 1613 leading, in turn, from the tops of four single cyclones 17C, l8C, 19C and 20C in the third stage.
  • To the cyclones in the third stage belong communicating riser pipes 21C, 22C, 23C and 24C leading, in turn, from the top of two twin cyclones 25D and 26D in the fourth stage.
  • the treating units in the fourth stage also includes riser pipes 27D and 28D each of which includes two branches 27', 28 which, in turn, lead into one section of one of the twin cyclones 25D, 26D of the treating unit in the fourth stage.
  • riser pipes 27D, 28D lead directly into a common shaft 29 opening into the rotary kiln 20.
  • the four strings of the pre-heating apparatus are arranged symmetrically both with respect to a vertical plane through the kiln axis and with respect to another vertical plane at right angles to the former located in front of or adjacent to the smoke gas outlet of the kiln.
  • the pulverous raw meal is fed to the individual strings at the uppermost treating stage through feed pipes 31, 32, 33 and 34.
  • the raw meal then passes, via gate valves 35, 36, 37 and 38 which act to prevent the smoke gases from entering the feed pipes while permitting passage of the raw meal, into the riser pipes 5A, 6A, 7A and 8A.
  • the raw meal flows suspended in the smoke gases through the riser pipes 5A, 6A, 7A and 8A.
  • heat exchange between the raw meal and the gas occurs heating the raw meal and cooling the smoke gas.
  • the smoke gases and the raw meal suspended therein pass into the twin cyclones 1A, 2A, 3A and 4A in the first treating stage.
  • centrifugal force and gravity cooperate in a conventional manner to separate smoke gas and raw meal from each other.
  • the raw meal leaves the first stage cyclones through raw meal outlet pipes 39, 40, 41 and 42 via built-in gate valves 43, 44, 45 and 46 which act to prevent the smoke gases from moving rearward through outlet pipes 39, 40, 41 and42 into the cyclones EA, 2A, 3A and 4A, but to permit passage of raw meal into the second stage riser pipes 138, MB, 15B and 168 where renewed heat exchange takes place in the same manner as in the first stage riser pipes.
  • the raw pulverous material passes into the second stage cyclones 98, 10B, 11B and 128 where smoke gas and raw meal are again separated in the same manner as in the first stage cyclones.
  • the raw material passes through raw meal outlet pipes 47, 48, 49 and 50 via gate valves 51, 52, 53 and 54 where the raw meal is fed into the third stage riser pipes 21C, 22C, 23C and 24C for further heat exchange with still hotter gases.
  • the third stage cyclones 17C, 18C, 19C and 20C gases and raw meal are again separated as in the first and second stage cyclones.
  • the separated raw meal then passes through raw meal outlet pipes 55, 56, 57 and 58 via gate valves 59, 60, 61 and 62 into the shaft or conduit 29, from which the raw meal, suspended in heat exchange relationship with the smoke gases passes through the fourth stage riser pipes 27D and 28D for further heating by ever hotter gases and into the twin cyclones 25D and 26D of the fourth treating stage for separation.
  • raw meal outlet pipes 63, 64, 65 and 66 which unite, in pairs, into intermediate outlet pipes 67 and 68 which, in turn, lead directly into shaft 29.
  • the inlet pipes 311, 32, 33, and 34 for introducing raw meal into the first stage riser pipes are provided with distributing devices (not shown) which serve to aid uniform mixing of the raw meal in the smoke gas flow.
  • the raw meal on its way through the individual cyclones and, more particularly, through their respective riser pipes, is brought successively into intimate contact with smoke gas of continually higher temperature and is thereby ultimately brought up to a high final temperature.
  • the uniformly distributed pipe connections 55, 56, 57 and 58 to the shaft 29 ensure a favorable, uniform distribution of the pre-heated raw meal which is introduced into the fourth stage twin cyclones 25D and 26D.
  • the intermediate outlet pipes 67 and 68 likewise open symmetrically into the shaft 29 within which they continue as channels serving to feed the raw meal into the rotary kiln 30.
  • the raw meal flows along four identical paths, and, provided that the amount of raw meal fed to the rotary kiln 30 is distributed equally per unit of time between the four feed pipes 31, 32, 33 and 34, the quantity and temperature of the meal delivered to the kiln from each string will be the same.
  • Apparatus for pre-heating pulverous raw material used for producing cement or the like in a rotary kiln having a gas outlet end comprising:
  • each string separately communicating with a single through-going substantially vertical smoke gas conduit connected to the gas outlet end of the kiln such that they are disposed independently of the three other strings in a manner which permits independent operation of one or more strings when one or more strings is entirely inoperable from the outlet of the kiln, each string including a plurality of said treating units arranged in series superimposed communicating relationship with respect to each other with said strings being interconnected at the lower portions by material outlet pipes to said single through-going conduit, said strings being arranged substantially vertically and symetrically with respect to a first plane extending vertically through the kiln axis and with respect to a second plane disposed in perpendicular relationship to said first plane adjacent the kiln outlet such
  • supply means for delivering the pulverous material into each string via the treating unit thereof most remotely located relative to the kiln outlet;
  • each string includes four of said treating units.
  • each string of treating units comprises four stages of left and right cyclones in staggered relationship to one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
US00310999A 1971-12-02 1972-11-30 Pre-heating apparatus in rotary kiln plant Expired - Lifetime US3836323A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5605171 1971-12-02

Publications (1)

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US3836323A true US3836323A (en) 1974-09-17

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Country Status (12)

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US (1) US3836323A (fr)
JP (1) JPS4875626A (fr)
AU (1) AU472622B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR7208481D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA968154A (fr)
DE (1) DE2258587A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES409186A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2164260A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1319009A (fr)
IT (1) IT971480B (fr)
SE (1) SE404421B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA728154B (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4022568A (en) * 1974-08-12 1977-05-10 F. L. Smidth & Co. Method and apparatus for heat treating pulverous raw materials
US4071310A (en) * 1975-10-28 1978-01-31 Fives-Cail Babcock Installation for the manufacture of cement
US4191526A (en) * 1977-04-07 1980-03-04 Polysius Ag Suspension gas preheater
US4318692A (en) * 1981-01-02 1982-03-09 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Helical duct gas/meal separator
US4326845A (en) * 1981-01-02 1982-04-27 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Suspension preheater for cement calcining plant
US4490109A (en) * 1982-06-11 1984-12-25 Krupp Polysius Ag Apparatus for heat treatment of fine-grained material
US5217368A (en) * 1991-02-08 1993-06-08 Fcb Process and apparatus for the thermal treatment of minerals in powdery form
US20090193771A1 (en) * 2008-01-31 2009-08-06 Samsung Gwangju Electronics Co., Ltd. Cyclone dust-collecting apparatus

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2741307C2 (de) * 1977-09-14 1985-02-14 Heinz 4630 Bochum Jäger Vorrichtung zum Brennen von Zementklinker
US7650649B2 (en) 2003-08-12 2010-01-26 180S, Inc. Ear warmer having an external frame
CN102954699A (zh) * 2011-08-18 2013-03-06 梅朝鲜 水泥预热器的横向布置设计
CN113108611B (zh) * 2021-03-12 2022-07-05 成都建筑材料工业设计研究院有限公司 一种烟气强制分散料粉的撒料装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2785886A (en) * 1953-02-04 1957-03-19 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Method and apparatus for preheating cement raw material by kiln exit gases
US3207494A (en) * 1962-12-13 1965-09-21 Wedag Westfalia Dinnendahl Apparatus for the preheating of raw cement material
US3653644A (en) * 1969-08-12 1972-04-04 Polysius Ag Apparatus for preheating fine granular material
US3656722A (en) * 1969-08-12 1972-04-18 Polysius Ag Apparatus for preheating fine granular material
US3664650A (en) * 1969-05-23 1972-05-23 Polysius Ag Apparatus for heat treatment of material from which water has been mechanically extracted

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2785886A (en) * 1953-02-04 1957-03-19 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Method and apparatus for preheating cement raw material by kiln exit gases
US3207494A (en) * 1962-12-13 1965-09-21 Wedag Westfalia Dinnendahl Apparatus for the preheating of raw cement material
US3664650A (en) * 1969-05-23 1972-05-23 Polysius Ag Apparatus for heat treatment of material from which water has been mechanically extracted
US3653644A (en) * 1969-08-12 1972-04-04 Polysius Ag Apparatus for preheating fine granular material
US3656722A (en) * 1969-08-12 1972-04-18 Polysius Ag Apparatus for preheating fine granular material

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4022568A (en) * 1974-08-12 1977-05-10 F. L. Smidth & Co. Method and apparatus for heat treating pulverous raw materials
US4071310A (en) * 1975-10-28 1978-01-31 Fives-Cail Babcock Installation for the manufacture of cement
US4191526A (en) * 1977-04-07 1980-03-04 Polysius Ag Suspension gas preheater
US4318692A (en) * 1981-01-02 1982-03-09 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Helical duct gas/meal separator
US4326845A (en) * 1981-01-02 1982-04-27 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Suspension preheater for cement calcining plant
US4490109A (en) * 1982-06-11 1984-12-25 Krupp Polysius Ag Apparatus for heat treatment of fine-grained material
US5217368A (en) * 1991-02-08 1993-06-08 Fcb Process and apparatus for the thermal treatment of minerals in powdery form
US20090193771A1 (en) * 2008-01-31 2009-08-06 Samsung Gwangju Electronics Co., Ltd. Cyclone dust-collecting apparatus
US7691161B2 (en) * 2008-01-31 2010-04-06 Samsung Gwangju Electronics Co., Ltd. Cyclone dust-collecting apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4945872A (en) 1974-05-30
SE404421B (sv) 1978-10-02
FR2164260A5 (fr) 1973-07-27
ES409186A1 (es) 1976-01-01
ZA728154B (en) 1974-06-26
CA968154A (en) 1975-05-27
IT971480B (it) 1974-04-30
BR7208481D0 (pt) 1973-09-13
GB1319009A (en) 1973-05-31
JPS4875626A (fr) 1973-10-12
AU472622B2 (en) 1976-05-27
DE2258587A1 (de) 1973-06-07

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