US3835247A - Field illumination for image analysis - Google Patents

Field illumination for image analysis Download PDF

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Publication number
US3835247A
US3835247A US00252237A US25223772A US3835247A US 3835247 A US3835247 A US 3835247A US 00252237 A US00252237 A US 00252237A US 25223772 A US25223772 A US 25223772A US 3835247 A US3835247 A US 3835247A
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United States
Prior art keywords
specimen
voltage
flash
imaging device
illumination
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00252237A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Soames
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Image Analysing Computers Ltd
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Image Analysing Computers Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G01N15/1468—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry with spatial resolution of the texture or inner structure of the particle

Definitions

  • both the relative movement between the specimen and imaging device and the occurrence of the illumination flashes are synchronised to the camera tube scanning.
  • a limit is imposed on the maximum energy which can be imparted to the light source to prevent the latter being damaged.
  • the specimen may be reflective or a transparent or semitransparent or may comprise a plurality of similar objects presented to the imaging device in a sequence such as mass produced articles on a conveyor system.
  • the movement of the latter may be continuous and an image of each article obtained by flash illuminating the article when situated in the field of view of the imaging device.
  • the movement and flash producing apparatus are synchronized and presence detecting means are provided to sense when an article occupies a given position in the field of view.
  • FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram of a power supply for a flash tube
  • the control signals for gate 40 are obtained from a divide by two device 46 acting as a pulse switching circuit having as input the frame synchronising pulses normally employed to synchronise the frame scan deflection currents for the camera 16. conventionally these synchronising pulses occur during the frame flyback period of each normal frame scan period for the camera.
  • the normal frame synchronising pulses appear at junction 48. However due to the action of the divide by two circuit 46, the signal appearing at junction 50 will correspond to that as shown in FIG. 3(0). The missing frame synchronising pulses will appear in the other output of device 46 at junction 52. These pulses are shown in FIG. 3(b).
  • the signal at junction 52 drives a second frame scan deflection current generator 60 which operates at twice the frequency of generator 54. These double frequency deflection currents appear at junction 62 and are conveyed to the frame scan deflection coils of camera 16 at the end of each single frame scan deflection current from generator 54.
  • a second counter 64 which is set to count 2 counts the deflection current signals at junction 62 and inhibits the generation of any subsequent deflection signals by generator 60 after two deflection current signals have appeared at junction 62.
  • the inductor 126 serves to substantially prevent the transfer of a firing pulse from junction 122 to capacitor 124 in addition to controlling the surge of current from capacitor 124, when the discharge occurs in flash tube 20.
  • the power supply for the potentiometer 172 includes a variable gain amplifier 176 whose gain is controlled by the output from the difference amplifier 166 which is maintained for each read scan and whose input is provided with a suitable voltage from a source (not shown) applied to junction 177 equivalent to, for example the peak white amplitude level of the video signal from the camera 156.
  • the amplifier 176 operates to increase the voltage across potentiometer 172 with an increase in the light level output from amplifier 162 and to decrease the voltage in the event of a drop in the light level output of amplifier 162 relative to the mean light output value obtained from average circuit 164.
  • a method of analyzing optically distinguishable feature content in a specimen comprising the steps of: effecting continous relative movement between the specimen and an imaging device in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging device, flash illuminating at least a region of the specimen at intervals of time synchronized with said movement, scanning each image of an illuminated region of the specimen to produce a video signal corresponding thereto, sensing the peak white amplitude level of the video signal during the beginning of each read scan, generating a voltage whose value is proportional to the sensed amplitude level, holding said voltage for the remainder of that read scan period, controlling the duration of the light output of the flash corresponding to said read scan in dependence on the value of the generated voltage, detecting relative to a reference voltage those amplitude excursions which relate to features, and making measurements thereon.
  • the imaging device forms the image of the illuminated region on a television camera tube of the Plumbicon type, the relative movement between the specimen and the imaging device and the. occurrence of illumination flashes being synchronized to the camera tube scanning, the video signal arising during the first frame scan of the camera tube target after each flash being supplied as the video signal, the specimen region being illuminated during at least part of the frame flyback period immediately preceding each said first frame scan and n frame scans of the camera tube target being performed between the end of each first frame scan and the next flash of illumination, thereby to more completely erase the residual charge pattern on the camera tube target.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
US00252237A 1971-05-11 1972-05-11 Field illumination for image analysis Expired - Lifetime US3835247A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1423071 1971-05-11
GB1768771 1971-05-27

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US3835247A true US3835247A (en) 1974-09-10

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US00252237A Expired - Lifetime US3835247A (en) 1971-05-11 1972-05-11 Field illumination for image analysis

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US (1) US3835247A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2222852A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2139434A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934136A (en) * 1974-05-06 1976-01-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Threshold signal circuitry for scanning apparatus
US3944979A (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-03-16 Data Source Corporation Method and apparatus for illuminating an object bearing indicia
US4025718A (en) * 1974-12-10 1977-05-24 Comitato Nazionale Per L'energia Nucleare Method and apparatus for recording in a memory trajectories and traces of objects
US4152723A (en) * 1977-12-19 1979-05-01 Sperry Rand Corporation Method of inspecting circuit boards and apparatus therefor
US4253113A (en) * 1977-09-12 1981-02-24 Union Siderurgique Du Nord Et De L'est De La France (Usinor) Method and apparatus for detecting surface defects on a band travelling at high speed
DE3243890A1 (de) * 1981-11-26 1983-06-09 The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Whitehall, London Abbildungssystem
US4423436A (en) * 1980-05-09 1983-12-27 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Image pickup apparatus
EP0184348A1 (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-06-11 Warner-Lambert Technologies, Inc. Signal processing for optical image sensor
EP0171855A3 (en) * 1984-08-06 1987-08-05 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method of film inspection with a microscopical image analyzer
EP0207485A3 (en) * 1985-07-01 1988-12-21 Diatron Corporation Fluorometer fluorometer
US4829374A (en) * 1986-11-17 1989-05-09 Kanzaki Paper Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Surface inspection apparatus
US4918522A (en) * 1987-08-14 1990-04-17 Tamfelt Oy Ab Method of taking pictures of a quick-moving object by means of video method
US4918520A (en) * 1987-04-27 1990-04-17 Shin-Etu Handotai Company, Limited Device for detecting the position of crystallization interface
US5067020A (en) * 1989-12-14 1991-11-19 Eastman Kodak Company Dual sensor film scanner having coupled optics and a video viewfinder
US5298963A (en) * 1992-02-26 1994-03-29 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Apparatus for inspecting the surface of materials
USRE34782E (en) * 1985-07-01 1994-11-08 Diatron Corporation Fluorometer
US20020048014A1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-04-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Personal identification system
US7632653B2 (en) 2002-08-27 2009-12-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Membrane-based assay devices that utilize time-resolved fluorescence
US7796266B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2010-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Optical detection system using electromagnetic radiation to detect presence or quantity of analyte
US7815854B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2010-10-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Electroluminescent illumination source for optical detection systems
US7943395B2 (en) 2003-11-21 2011-05-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Extension of the dynamic detection range of assay devices
US8384885B2 (en) 2000-09-20 2013-02-26 Hitachi, Ltd. Personal identification system
US8557604B2 (en) 2003-11-21 2013-10-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Membrane-based lateral flow assay devices that utilize phosphorescent detection

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3111555A (en) * 1960-05-16 1963-11-19 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for visually inspecting strip travelling at high speed
US3243509A (en) * 1962-04-27 1966-03-29 Siemens Ag Apparatus for measuring the molten zone diameter in zone-melting processes
US3275744A (en) * 1962-10-01 1966-09-27 Spraying Systems Co Apparatus for spray analysis
US3379826A (en) * 1965-05-05 1968-04-23 Sylvania Electric Prod Video processing system providing correction for changes in the light source intensity and for light fluctuations due to different page reflectivities
US3517167A (en) * 1966-12-28 1970-06-23 Bell & Howell Co Feedback light control system
US3567854A (en) * 1968-10-23 1971-03-02 Gen Electric Automatic brightness control for x-ray image intensifier system
US3577153A (en) * 1967-08-23 1971-05-04 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Image pickup apparatus
US3612947A (en) * 1969-01-28 1971-10-12 Loewe Opta Gmbh Electronic timing apparatus for controlling the duration of light emission of a flash unit
US3624291A (en) * 1968-12-28 1971-11-30 Olympus Optical Co Optically interlaced scanning and reproducing apparatus using multiple drums to permit scanning of motion picture film or stationary film
US3683108A (en) * 1969-10-31 1972-08-08 Leon Andre Pieters Television camera tube residual charge removal

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3111555A (en) * 1960-05-16 1963-11-19 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for visually inspecting strip travelling at high speed
US3243509A (en) * 1962-04-27 1966-03-29 Siemens Ag Apparatus for measuring the molten zone diameter in zone-melting processes
US3275744A (en) * 1962-10-01 1966-09-27 Spraying Systems Co Apparatus for spray analysis
US3379826A (en) * 1965-05-05 1968-04-23 Sylvania Electric Prod Video processing system providing correction for changes in the light source intensity and for light fluctuations due to different page reflectivities
US3517167A (en) * 1966-12-28 1970-06-23 Bell & Howell Co Feedback light control system
US3577153A (en) * 1967-08-23 1971-05-04 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Image pickup apparatus
US3567854A (en) * 1968-10-23 1971-03-02 Gen Electric Automatic brightness control for x-ray image intensifier system
US3624291A (en) * 1968-12-28 1971-11-30 Olympus Optical Co Optically interlaced scanning and reproducing apparatus using multiple drums to permit scanning of motion picture film or stationary film
US3612947A (en) * 1969-01-28 1971-10-12 Loewe Opta Gmbh Electronic timing apparatus for controlling the duration of light emission of a flash unit
US3683108A (en) * 1969-10-31 1972-08-08 Leon Andre Pieters Television camera tube residual charge removal

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934136A (en) * 1974-05-06 1976-01-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Threshold signal circuitry for scanning apparatus
US4025718A (en) * 1974-12-10 1977-05-24 Comitato Nazionale Per L'energia Nucleare Method and apparatus for recording in a memory trajectories and traces of objects
US3944979A (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-03-16 Data Source Corporation Method and apparatus for illuminating an object bearing indicia
US4253113A (en) * 1977-09-12 1981-02-24 Union Siderurgique Du Nord Et De L'est De La France (Usinor) Method and apparatus for detecting surface defects on a band travelling at high speed
US4152723A (en) * 1977-12-19 1979-05-01 Sperry Rand Corporation Method of inspecting circuit boards and apparatus therefor
US4423436A (en) * 1980-05-09 1983-12-27 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Image pickup apparatus
DE3243890A1 (de) * 1981-11-26 1983-06-09 The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Whitehall, London Abbildungssystem
US4549204A (en) * 1981-11-26 1985-10-22 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Diffraction limited imaging systems
EP0171855A3 (en) * 1984-08-06 1987-08-05 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method of film inspection with a microscopical image analyzer
EP0184348A1 (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-06-11 Warner-Lambert Technologies, Inc. Signal processing for optical image sensor
EP0207485A3 (en) * 1985-07-01 1988-12-21 Diatron Corporation Fluorometer fluorometer
US4877965A (en) * 1985-07-01 1989-10-31 Diatron Corporation Fluorometer
USRE34782E (en) * 1985-07-01 1994-11-08 Diatron Corporation Fluorometer
US4829374A (en) * 1986-11-17 1989-05-09 Kanzaki Paper Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Surface inspection apparatus
US4918520A (en) * 1987-04-27 1990-04-17 Shin-Etu Handotai Company, Limited Device for detecting the position of crystallization interface
US4918522A (en) * 1987-08-14 1990-04-17 Tamfelt Oy Ab Method of taking pictures of a quick-moving object by means of video method
US5067020A (en) * 1989-12-14 1991-11-19 Eastman Kodak Company Dual sensor film scanner having coupled optics and a video viewfinder
US5298963A (en) * 1992-02-26 1994-03-29 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Apparatus for inspecting the surface of materials
US8384885B2 (en) 2000-09-20 2013-02-26 Hitachi, Ltd. Personal identification system
US6813010B2 (en) * 2000-09-20 2004-11-02 Hitachi, Ltd Personal identification system
US20020048014A1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-04-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Personal identification system
US8767195B2 (en) 2000-09-20 2014-07-01 Hitachi, Ltd. Personal identification system
US7632653B2 (en) 2002-08-27 2009-12-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Membrane-based assay devices that utilize time-resolved fluorescence
US7943395B2 (en) 2003-11-21 2011-05-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Extension of the dynamic detection range of assay devices
US8557604B2 (en) 2003-11-21 2013-10-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Membrane-based lateral flow assay devices that utilize phosphorescent detection
US8703504B2 (en) 2003-11-21 2014-04-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Membrane-based lateral flow assay devices that utilize phosphorescent detection
US7796266B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2010-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Optical detection system using electromagnetic radiation to detect presence or quantity of analyte
US7815854B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2010-10-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Electroluminescent illumination source for optical detection systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2222852A1 (de) 1973-12-13
FR2139434A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-05

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