US3831550A - Sonic wave generation - Google Patents

Sonic wave generation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3831550A
US3831550A US00189206A US18920671A US3831550A US 3831550 A US3831550 A US 3831550A US 00189206 A US00189206 A US 00189206A US 18920671 A US18920671 A US 18920671A US 3831550 A US3831550 A US 3831550A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cavity
conduit
channel
cross
sonic wave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00189206A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
N Hughes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Energy Sciences Inc
VORTRAN CORP
Original Assignee
Energy Sciences Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energy Sciences Inc filed Critical Energy Sciences Inc
Priority to US00189206A priority Critical patent/US3831550A/en
Priority to DE19712152530 priority patent/DE2152530B2/de
Priority to CA126,067A priority patent/CA977453A/en
Priority to BE774774A priority patent/BE774774A/xx
Priority to IT70571/71A priority patent/IT942761B/it
Priority to AR238791A priority patent/AR199875A1/es
Priority to NL7115081A priority patent/NL7115081A/xx
Priority to CH1597471A priority patent/CH571902A5/xx
Priority to FR7226550A priority patent/FR2157309A6/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3831550A publication Critical patent/US3831550A/en
Assigned to VORTRAN CORPORATION reassignment VORTRAN CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GREEN NORMAN E., HUGHES, NATHANIEL
Assigned to GREEN, NORMAN E., NATHANIEL HUGHES reassignment GREEN, NORMAN E. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PARKER & HALE, A CA PARTNERSHIP
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K5/00—Whistles
    • G10K5/02—Ultrasonic whistles

Definitions

  • a source of fluid under pressure [63] C t f S N 85 911 2 is supplied to a conduit that is terminated by a transommua lon'm'par 9 verse resonant cavity preferably having a square cross 1970, abandoned, which is a continuation-impart of Sen 827,451 April 23, 1969, section. 'I 'he cross section of the condult and the cav- 3,554,443, and a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. Y are dimensionally relateda second embed! 32,771, O 21, 1970, abandoned, and a ment, a shock wave generator is coupled to a transcontinuation-in-partof Ser. No.
  • auxiliary cavities may be 15 fed in parallel with the primary cavity by auxiliary conduits. Further, an auxiliary cavity may be arranged [56] References Cited in series with the primary cavity to form a fluidic re- UNITED STATES PATENTS fleeting surface at the back of the primary cavity.
  • This invention relates to the generation of coherent pressure wave energy having high energizing capability and, more particularly, to highly efficient and long range wave generators employing resonant action.
  • Whistletype sonic wave generators such as the Hartmann generator, have been known for a number of years.
  • This type of sonic wave generator typically employs a nozzle and a cylindrical resonant cavity aligned with the nozzle on a common longitudinal axis in spaced proximity to the nozzle outlet. At one end, the cylindrical resonant cavity is open to communicate with the nozzle outlet and at the other end the cavity is closed.
  • the nozzle is dimensioned to convert a subsonic flow of gas applied to the nozzle at a particular pressure into sonic flow, thereby producing shock wave pressure pulses.
  • the shock wave pressure pulses emanating from the nozzle outlet are coupled to the resonant cavity, where these pulses are transformed into sonic wave energy by resonant action.
  • the resonant condition is dependent upon the maintenance ofa critical distance from the nozzle outlet plane to the closed end of the cavity in terms of the wavelength of the shock wave pulses.
  • a whistle-type sonic wave generator is the atomization of a fluid into a finely suspended state.
  • my copending application Ser. No. 158,915, filed July 1, 1971, and entitled ENERGIZATION OF THE COM BUSTIBLE MIXTURE IN AN INTERNAL COMBUS- TION ENGINE discloses a number of the devices disclosed and claimed herein in connection with an internal combustion engine.
  • the combustible mixture is energized prior to combustion in a manner that achieves a substantial reduction of engine pollutants, improved performance, and reduced fuel consumption.
  • the invention involves a resonant cavity in a whistle type sonic wave generator that is totally new in its configuration and effect.
  • the resonant cavity is excited by pressure pulses having a wavelength or component wavelengths that are dimensionally related to the cross section of the cavity.
  • the resonant cavity extends along a longitudinal axis that is generally transverse to the direction of propagation of the pressure pulses at the point where they are coupled to the cavity, and has one or more exits for the emission of sonic wave energy.
  • the cavity has a square cross section with a side dimension that is a multiple of the wavelength of the pulsations.
  • the sonic wave energy generated in the resonant cavity has amazing characteristics, vis-a-vis, sonic wave generators in the prior art.
  • the propagating range and energizing capability of the sonic waves far exceed expectations based on experience with whistletype devices.
  • the energizing capability is so extreme that the molecules of the fluid in which the sonic waves are formed may be ionized. For example, the nitrogen molecules of air may become ionized when subjected to this energization.
  • the invention can be used to transmit sonic wave energy relatively long distances and to energize to a high level a fluid medium into which the sonic wave energy is released.
  • a fluid source isconnected to the resonant cavity by a conduit that extends transverse to the cavity.
  • a linear cross-sectional dimension of the conduit and a linear cross-sectional dimension of the cavity are related.
  • a shock wave generator is coupled to a transverse resonant cavity.
  • the shock wave generator could comprise a supersonic converging-diverging nozzle or a conduit supplied by a fluid under sufficient pressure to produce sonic flow.
  • An important advantage of the invention is the fact that the shock wave pressure pulses can be transmitted long distances without substantial attenuation when a shock wave generating cell of the type disclosed in my US. Pat. No. 3,554,443 is coupled to the resonant cavity by a conduit having a linear cross-sectional dimension that is related to the wavelength of the shock wave pressure pulses. This permits the shock wave generator and the supply of fluid to be remotely placed from the region where the sonic wave energy is to be utilized to a more convenient location; in other words, it permits physical separation of pressure pulse generation and resonant action.
  • the primary resonant cavity can be supplemented by auxiliary resonant cavities spaced at equal intervals around an enclosure into which the primary resonant cavity opens to enhance the energizing capability of the sonic wave energy.
  • the auxiliary cavities which communicate with the enclosure, have a hexahedral, preferably cubical, shape with linear side dimensions that are related to the wavelength of the pressure pulses.
  • Pressure pulses can also be coupled directly to one or more of the auxiliary cavities so these auxiliary cavities are in effect connected in parallel with the primary cavity.
  • an auxiliary cavity can be connected in series with the primary cavity to further enhance the energizing capability of the sonic wave energy generated. This, in effect, provides a fluidic reflecting surface at the back of the primary cavity when the series connection to the auxiliary cavity is a multiple ofthe pressure pulse wavelength.
  • a particularly effective sonic wave generator is formed when fluid is supplied to the resonant cavity by two or more feed conduits, between which an exit from the cavity is formed.
  • the distance from each conduit to the exit is preferably a multiple of the linear crosssectional dimension of the cavity.
  • This principle can be employed to form a resonant cavity that is a network of closed, interconnected, geometric channels, such as circles, squares, and triangles, arranged either in a single plane or in stacked planes.
  • each channel may be viewed as a separate resonant cavity, and the interconnections between channels may be viewed as the feed conduits and the exits. It has been found that the advantageous characteristics, i.e., propagating range and energizing capability, are enhanced as the network is expanded in complexity.
  • a very effective cross-sectional side dimension for a resonant cavity having a square cross section is a dimension in the range of 0.170 to 0.195 inches, 21 multiple and/or submultiple thereof.
  • the resulting sonic wave energy which has a wavelength or component wavelengths corresponding to this side dimension, exhibits exceptionally long propagating range and high energizing capability in a gaseous medium.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block. diagram of another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a further embodiment of the invention, which combines the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are front and top sectional views, respectively, of the embodiment of FIG. 1 arranged with a plate, a cavity, and a conduit;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 3 taken through the same plane of a plate as FIG. 4B and arranged with a number of auxiliary resonant cavities in addition to a primary cavity;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 2 taken through the same plane of a plate as FIG. 4B and arranged with a number of auxiliary resonant cavities in addition to a primary cavity and a number of auxiliary conduits arranged in parallel with a primary conduit;
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 taken through the same plane of a plate as FIG. 4B and arranged with a resonant cavity having an exit between two feed conduits;
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B are front and side sectional views, respectively, of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in which a resonant cavity is formed by two closed interconnected geometric channels in the same plane;
  • FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of a modified version of the arrangement of FIGS. 9A and 9B;
  • FIGS. 11A and 11B are a disassembled front elevation view and an assembled side elevation view, respectively, of another arrangement of the embodiment of FIG. 3 in which the resonant cavity is formed by closed interconnected geometric channels in stacked planes;
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective sectional view of another arrangement of the embodiment of FIG. 2, taken through the same plane of the plate as FIG. 4B, and arranged with a resonant cavity formed by a closed geometric network.
  • pressure pulses means periodic positive pressure pulses that are predominately unipolar, i.e., the pressure at a given point in space pulsates between ambient pressure and a pressure higher than ambient pressure, so compression of the fluid molecules repeatedly occurs, although between the compressive pulses slight negative pulses may occur.
  • Coherent pressure pulse energy consists of pressure pulses having the same wavelength or a number of component wavelengths that are multiples or submultiples of each other, i.e., that are multiply related. Shock waves are pressure pulses produced as a result of supersonic fluid flow.
  • sonic waves means periodic bipolar pressure waves, i.e., the pressure at a given point in space sinusoidally oscillates between a pressure higher than ambient and a pressure lower than ambient, so compression and rariflcation of the fluid molecules alternately occur.
  • Coherent sonic wave energy consists of sonic waves having the same wavelength or a number of component wavelengths that are multiply related.
  • pressure waves is generic to pressure pulses and sonic waves.
  • coherency as used herein does not exclude the presence of some pressure wave energy at component wavelengths that are not multiply related to the remaining component wavelengths or to the presence of some random pressure wave energy, analogous to background noise; rather the term coherent" is used to designate that a substantial amount of pressure wave energy at multiply related wavelengths is present.
  • the invention is concerned with generating pressure pulses and resonating the generated pressure pulses to produce sonic waves that exhibit a long propagating range and a high energizing capability.
  • Pressure pulses are coupled to a resonant cavity that extends along a longitudinal axis generally transverse to the direction of propagation of the pressure pulses at the point where they are coupled to the cavity.
  • the wavelength or component wavelengths of the pressure pulses and the cross section of the resonant cavity are matched in that they are dimensionally related. The relationship among the significant dimensions of the resonant cavity and the wavelength or component wavelengths of the pressure pulses are extensively illustrated in the embodiments and arrangements disclosed below.
  • sonic waves produced in accordance with the principles of this invention have a surprisingly long propagating range, i.e., they travel far without significant attenuation, and exhibit an extraordinarily high energizing capability.
  • the energizing capability of the various embodiments and ar rangements disclosed herein has been measured in terms of the resulting improvement in a combustion process, such as the reduction in emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and the oxides of nitrogen) and the increase in the efficiency of an internal combustion engine.
  • the energizing capability of the invention can be utilized to great advantage in many other fields, including gas burners and heaters, surface cleaning, and chemical mixing of fluids or powders.
  • Electromagnetic phenomena may be associated with coherent pressure wave energy in the following way: electromagnetic waves generated while the fluid is being processed in accordance with the invention align the fluid molecules spatially to produce a resulting disturbance in the form of pressure waves; as the electromagnetic waves propagate they continue to align and reinforce the resulting disturbance, i.e., the pressure waves; thus, the pressure waves are intensified by the electromagnetic waves and are renewed as they propagate.
  • the reinforcement of the pressure waves may also be by electromagnetically related waves at the speed of sound or at a somewhat greater speed than that of sound.
  • Pat. No. 3,554,443 it becomes substantially more highly ionized.
  • the amplification of the ionization has been measured and confirmed by the increased effectiveness of the ionized air to clean charged particles from insulative surfaces.
  • the ionization is felt to be attributable to two characteristics of the invention: the interaction of the multiply related frequency components of pressure waves such as those produced, for example, in the shock wave generating cell of my US. Pat. No. 3,554,443, and the effectiveness of the resonant action such as that taking place, for example, in the network of channels having a square cross section of FIG. 8 herein.
  • the ionized gases thought to be produced by the invention would have many uses. Among these are surface cleaning and combustion. ln internal combustion, for example, the nitrogen of the fuel-air mixture may be ionized to the point that it chemically inhibits the formation of oxides of nitrogen during combustion. This inhibition is explainable in one of two ways:
  • the nitrogen is rendered chemically inert by applying sufficient ionizing energy to the nitrogen atoms to remove the five electrons from their outer shell, leaving only the two electrons of their inner shell.
  • Such atoms being devoid of electrons in their outer shell, do not tend to combine with other atoms, and, hence, do not form oxides of nitrogen.
  • the nitrogen is ionized, and the nitrogen atoms ac quire an electrical charge that repells the ionized atoms of oxygen and/or fuel. This causes the oxygen to combine with the fuel rather than with the nitrogen.
  • the reduction in the oxides of nitrogen produced during internal combustion is generally proportional tothe amount of pressure wave energy introduced by the devices of the invention. This would indicate that the amount of pressure wave energy determines the extent of nitrogen ionization, which, in turn, determines the extent of inhibition of formation of oxides of nitrogen.
  • nitrogen ionization brought about by the devices of the invention is greatly multiplied and intensified after the onset of combustion in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine.
  • This intensification which would account for the marked drop in the oxides of nitrogen, is believed to be one example of an important characteristic of the invention, namely, that raising the internal energy of a fluid either before or after the fluid is processed by a device of the invention greatly intensifies, i.e., amplifies, the energization of such fluid.
  • the internal energy of a fluid can be raised thermally. by heating or electrically by ionizing. Other ex amples would be to heat the fluid prior to passing it through a device of the invention or to subject the fluid to an ionizing electrostatic field after passing it through a device of the invention.
  • the pressure pulses resonated in accordance with the invention can be generated by any known type of sonic or supersonic flow nozzle, it is preferable to employ the shock wave generating cell disclosed in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,554,443, which issued on Jan. 12, 1971.
  • the disclosures of my U.S. Pat. No. 3,554,443 and my U.S. Pat. No. 3,531,048, which issued Sept. 29, 1970, are incorporated herein by reference.
  • a convergingdiverging supersonic flow nozzle is formed in a cylindrical passage by fluid boundary layers that adjust the effective nozzle dimensions to compensate for pressure changes.
  • the boundary layers are developed by a number of holes leading into the cylindrical passage.
  • the hole diameters and the dimensions of the cell are selected so the component wavelengths generated in the cell are multiples and submultiples of each other.
  • the cell radiates coherent pressure pulse energy.
  • the component wavelengths are multiples or submultiples of a basic wavelength in a range of 0.170 to 0.195 inches, depending on the inlet in a range of 1 to 20 psig.
  • a nominal value of 0.180 inches will be presumed for the basic wavelength of the cell in the exemplary dimensions given in the following embodiments and arrangements.
  • a source 10 of fluid under pressure which could be air at a gauge pressure in the range of 0.1 to 14 psi, is connected to one end of a feed conduit 11.
  • the other end of conduit 11 is connected to a resonant cavity 12 that extends along an axis transverse to the axis of conduit 11 at the point of connection and preferably has a rectangular or square cross section.
  • Cavity 12 has an exit communicating with the atmosphere.
  • conduit 11 pressure pulses related in wavelength to the linear cross-sectional dimensions of conduit 11 and the velocity of the fluid passing therethrough.
  • the linear crosssectional dimensions of conduit 11 are selected'so the wavelength of its pressure pulses are dimensionally related to a linear crosssectional dimension of cavity 12. As a result, these pressure pulses resonate in cavity 12,
  • conduit 11 it is preferable for conduit 11 to have a linear crosssectional dimension equal or multiply related to a linear cross-sectional dimension of cavity 12.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 1 is an effective sonic wave generator that produces sonic wave energy without requiring the introduction of supersonic or sonic fluid flow.
  • the energizing capability of this'sonic wave generator is limited by the dependence of the wavelength of the resulting sonic wave energy upon the lin ear cross-sectional dimensions of conduit 11; in order to reduce the wavelength of the sonic wave energy for the purpose of increasing its energizing capability, the linear cross-sectional dimensions of conduit 11 must be reduced, thereby restricting the flow rate of the fluid being processed.
  • source 10 and conduit 11 of FIG. 1 comprise a shock wave generator if the air pressure of source 10 is raised above 1.9 atmospheres.
  • a shock wave generator 13 is connected by a coupling 14 to a transverse, preferably rectangular resonant cavity 15, which could be identical to cavity 12 of FIG. 1.
  • Shock wave generator 13 could comprise source 10 and conduit 11 of FIG. 1 if the air of source 10 is under more than 1.9 atmospheres, or could comprise the shock wave generating cell described in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,554,443.
  • Shock wave generator 13 produces periodic shock wave pressure pulses having a wavelength or component wavelengths related to a linear cross-sectional dimension of cavity 15.
  • Coupling 14 is preferably a conduit having a cross-sectional dimensional relationship to cavity 15.
  • shock wave generator 13 provides very efficient coupling from shock wave generator 13 to resonant cavity 15 without substantial attenuation, even when the shock wave generator and resonant cavity are physically separated by a large distance, e.g., as large as 20 feet or more.
  • coupling 14 could also take other forms, such as free space propagation, albeit at the cost of greater attentuation to the shock wave pressure pulses produced by generator 13.
  • the shock wave pressure pulses coupled to cavity 15 are transformed by resonant action into sonic wave energy possessing much higher energizing capability than the subsonically produced pressure pulses that excite cavity 12.
  • FIG. 3 the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 are combined to provide a sonic wave generator capable of producing even more highly energized coherent sonic wave energy.
  • a source 16 of fluid under pressure which corresponds to source 10 of FIG. 1, is connected to one end of a feed conduit 17, which corresponds to conduit 11 of FIG. 1.
  • the other end of conduit 17 is connected to a transverse rectangular resonant cavity 18, which corresponds to resonant cavity 12'of FIG. 1
  • shock wave generator 19 is designed to produce pressure pulses with a rather small wavelength.
  • the large and small wavelengths are both dimensionally related.
  • a feed conduit 31 corresponding to conduit 11 of FIG. I, or coupling 14 of FIG. 2, and a resonant cavity 32 corresponding to cavity 12 of FIG. I, or cavity 15 in FIG. 2, are formed in a metallic plate 30.
  • Conduit 31 has a circular cross section, as represented in FIG. 4A, and is of arbitrary length, as represented in FIG. 4B.
  • a source of fluid under pressure or a shock wave generator (not shown) would be connected to the end of conduit 31, not represented in FIG. 48.
  • the shock wave generating cell of my US. Pat. No. 3,554,443 is used.
  • the ends of resonant cavity 32 which are open, comprise exits that communicate with holes 33 and 34 formed in plate 30.
  • An intersection is formed where conduit 31 is connected to cavity 32.
  • the longitudinal axis of cavity 32 is transverse to the longitudinal axis of conduit 31 at the intersection, so pressure pulses are coupled to cavity 32 in a direction transverse to its longitudinal axis.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown a modified version of plate 30, designated 30.
  • a feed conduit 35 having a square cross section is formed in plate 30'.
  • conduit 35 communicates with a transverse resonant cavity 36 having a square cross section.
  • the ends of cavity 36 are open to communicate with holes 37 and 38 formed in plate 30'.
  • the cross-sectional side dimension of conduit 35 are equal to the cross-sectional side dimension of resonant cavity 36. It is to be noted that resonant cavity 36 is shorter in length in the modification of FIG. 5 than in FIGS. 4A and 48 because openings 37 and 38 are closer together.
  • unit 39 comprises a pair of shock wave generating cells arranged in tandem with each other as disclosed in my copending application Ser. No. 13,977, filed Feb. 25, 1970, now abandoned.
  • the individual cells of unit 39 each have the dimensions and hole diameters specified in my US. Pat. No. 3,554,443.
  • the subsonic air stream drawn into unit 39 is converted therein to a supersonic air stream that produces shock wave pressure pulses having a basic wavelength of 0.180 inches.
  • a tube 45 connects the outlet of unit 39 to passage 42 at a point intermediate its ends.Thus, coupling 20 comprises tube 45 and a portion of passage 42. Tube 45 has a circular cross section equal in diameter to passage 42 (e.g., 0.180 inches).
  • Primary cavity 46 is coupled to auxiliary cavity 53 by a slot 54.
  • One end of primary cavity 46 and auxiliary cavity 53, and auxiliary cavities 47, 48, and 49 are distributed at 90 intervals about the periphery of hole 55.
  • the other end of primary cavity 46 and auxiliary cavity 53, and auxiliary cavities 50, 51, and 52 are distributed at 90 intervals about the periphery of hole 56.
  • Primary cavity 46, auxiliary cavity 53, and slot 54 all have an identical height Z (e.g., Z, 0.180 inches).
  • Primary cavity 46 has a depth X (e.g., X 0.180 inches) and a non-significant length that extends completely across the space between holes 55 and 56.
  • Slot 54 has a width Y and a depth X (Y X 0.090 inches).
  • Auxiliary cavity .53 has a depth X (e.g., X 0.090 inches) and a non-significant length that extends completely across the space between holes 55 and 56.
  • Auxiliary cavities 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52 all preferably have identical dimensions, namely, a height 2,, a width Y and a depth X (e.g., Z.,, Y.,, X, 0.180 inches).
  • a primary resonant cavity 70 extends between holes 68 and 69
  • auxiliary resonant cavities 71, 72, and 73 are spaced at 90 intervals around hole 68
  • auxiliary resonant cavities 74, 75, and 76 are spaced at 90 intervals around hole 69
  • an auxiliary cavity 77 extends between holes 68 and 69
  • a slot 78 connects cavities 70 and 77.
  • Cavities 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, and 77, and slot 78 correspond to cavities 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, and 53, and slot 54, respectively, in FIG. 6, and are all dimensionally related to the basic wavelength of the shock wave pressure pulses.
  • a primary conduit 80 connects inlet conduit 66 to primary cavity 70, and auxiliary conduits 81 and 82 connect inlet conduit 66 to cavities 72 and 75, respectively.
  • Conduits 66, 80, 81, and 82 all have square cross sections with a linear side dimension (e.g., 0.180 inches) related to the linear cross-sectional dimensions of connection 64 (e.g., 0.180 inches), which has a circular or square cross section. Both linear dimensions are related to the basic wavelength of the shock wave pressure pulses (e.g., 0.180 inches).
  • Coupling 14 of FIG. 2 is represented in FIG. 7 by connection 64 and conduits 66, 80,
  • auxiliary conduits 81 and 82 which couple shock wave pressure pulses directly to auxiliary cavities 72 and 75.
  • cavities and 72 are arranged in parallel to emit sonic wave energy into hole 68 at diametrically opposite points on its periphery and cavities 70 and are arranged in parallel to emit sonic wave energy into hole 69 at diametrically opposite points on its periphery. If primary cavity 70 were required to feed sonic wave energy into only one hole, it could be closed on one end, in which case it would essentially be the same as auxiliary cavities 72 and 75.
  • the fluid isdirected through the holes in the plate in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the plate.
  • the fluid becomes energized as it passes through the standing wave field formed across the holes.
  • FIG. 8 is shown an alternative arrangement of resonant cavity 12 of FIG. 2.
  • the resonant cavity is formed in a plate 87 having holes 88 and 89 through it.
  • a primary resonant cavity 90 is formed by a network of channels all preferably having square cross sections with a height Z, and a width Y, (e.g., Z,, Y, 0.180 inches).
  • Primary cavity 90 includes a longitudinal channel 91 and a cross channel 92, which are perpendicular to each other and connected to each other at one end of channel 91. At its ends, channel 92 opens into holes 88 and 89 through exit channels 99 and 100, respectively.
  • channel 91 opens into both of holes 88 and 89 through an exit channel 101 with a depth X, (e.g., 0.180 inches).
  • Auxiliary cavities 93 and 94 are distributed at 90 intervals from each other and from channels 99 and 101 about the periphery of hole 88 and auxiliary cavities 95 and 96 are distributed at 90 intervals from each other and from channels and 101 about-the periphery of hole 89.
  • Cavities 93 through 96 are all preferably effectively hexahedral with a width Y height Z and depth X (e.g., Y Z X 0.180 inches), although their back surfaces are actually rounded to facilitate the machin ing operation required to form them.
  • the radius of the rounded back surfaces of cavities 93 through 96 is preferably dimensionally related to the side dimensions of cavities 93 through 96 (e.g., 0.090 inches).
  • Feed conduits 97 and 98 couple one or more shock wave generators (not shown in FIG. 8) to cross channel 92.
  • a single shock wave generating unit similar to unit 60 or 61, could be connected to feed conduits 97 and 98 by a Y connection; or separate shock wave generating units could be connected directly to the respective feed conduits 97 and 98.
  • Feed conduits 97 and 98 both preferably have round cross sections with a diameter D equal to the side dimensions X,, Y and Z of auxiliary cavities 93 through 96 and the side dimensions X,, Y,, and Z, of primary cavity 90 (e.g., D 0. l 80' inches).
  • the wavelength or wavelengths produced by the shock wave generator is assumed to be 0.180 inches, multiples and submultiples thereof.
  • the cross-sectional dimensions Y,, Z,, X Y Z X and D and the longitudinal dimensions U, U, V, V are significant. Intersections occur where feed conduits 97 and 98 meet cross channel 92, where longitudinal channel 91 meets exit channel 101, and where cross channel 92 meets exit channels 99 and 100.
  • spacing feed conduits 97 and 98 relative to channels 91, 99, and 101 in the described manner has a metering effect.
  • the resonant cavity tends to reduce the variations in flow rate as a function of the pressure drop, particularly when the pressure drop variations are produced by changes in the downstream pressure, i.e., the pressure within holes 88 and 89, as in the intake system of an automobile engme.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B show another alternative arrangement of resonant cavity 12 of FIG. 2 that exerts an even stronger metering effect than the arrangement of FIG. 8.
  • a network 105 of channels is formed by grooves on one side of a metallic plate 106 and the adjacent side of a metallic plate 107, which is clamped to plate 106 by fasteners 108, 109, 110, and 111.
  • Network 105 which is constructed in clamped plates 106 and 107 only for ease of .proto-type fabrication, could be formed in any other type of convenient structure.
  • Network 105 comprises a circular channel 112 that circumscribes an equilateral triangular channel 113, channels 114, 115, and'116 that connect circular channel 112 with the corners of triangular channel 113, and channels 117, 118, and 119 that connect the midpoints of the respective sides of triangular channel 113 with a transverse central passage 120.
  • Passage 120 is defined by the inside surface of tubes passing through plates I06 and 107, respectively.
  • a supersonic nozzle 112 which is preferably the cell disclosed in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,554,443, is press fitted into a counterbore of passage 120 in plate 106, so passage 120 communicates with the inlet of nozzle 122. It is assumed nozzle 122 is the cell disclosed in my U.S.
  • Air under pressure is supplied to central passage 120 to establish air flow in the direction of arrows 123v and 124.
  • a bleed conduit 125 connects circular channel 112 to the exterior of plate 106 where air under pressure is supplied to bleed conduit 125 to establish air flow in the direction of an arrow 126.
  • the channels of network 105 all preferably have a square cross section with a width Y and a height Z (e.g., Y, Z 0.]80 inches).
  • the width Y and the height Z and the component wavelengths of the pressure pulse energy from nozzle 122 are preferably multiply related.
  • the distances R, R, S, S, T, and T between the junctions of circular channel 112 with connecting channels 114, 115, and 116 and the junctions of triangular channel 113 with connecting channels 117, 118, and 119 are all preferably multiples of the width Y and height Z of the channels (e.g., R, R, S, S, T, T L080 inches).
  • the energy of the fluid stream flowing through central passage 120 is converted into sonic wave energy having high energizing capability.
  • the diameter of bleed conduit 125 is also preferably dimensionally related to the Y and Z dimensions of the channels (e.g., 0.090 inches).
  • a small stream of air flowing through bleed conduit 125 serves to enhance the energizing capability of the sonic wave energy produced by the described arrangement.
  • nozzle 122 is located downstream of network 105, it is believed that pressure pulses are coupled from nozzle 122 to network against the general flow of fluid, so the operation described in connection with FIG. 2 basically applies.
  • FIG. 10 there is shown a modification of the arrangement of FIGS. 9A and 9B based on the embodi ment of FIG. 1.
  • Conduit 125 preferably is expanded to have a diameter equal to the Y and Z dimension (e.g., 0.180 inches), the portion of central passage in plate 107 is eliminated, and no supersonic nozzle is employed.
  • the only passage for air flow in this arrangement is from conduit through the entire network of channels.
  • network 105 can be considered to be an extension of the principle of the network comprising conduits 97 and 98 and channels 91, 99, 101, and 92, which correspond, for example, respectively to channels 115, 114, 117, 118, 119 and the portion of channel 113 between channels '117 and 118 and channels 118 and 119.
  • pressure pulses generated in bleed conduit 125 are coupled to circular channel 112 in a directiontransverse to its length at the point where bleed conduit 125 meets circular channel 112.
  • a transverse resonant cavity comprising a three dimensional network of channels, i.e.., a network that extends into two or more stacked planes, can be formed in a compact package.
  • FIGS. 11A and 11B disclose resonant cavity 15 of FIG. 1 in such a package.
  • plates 132, 133, 134, 135, and 136 are shown in an unassembled condition.
  • plates 132 through 136 are shown in an assembled condition, one variation comprising plates133, 135, and 132, another variation comprising plates 133, 136, and 134.
  • a shock wave generating cell 137 as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
  • a fitting 138 is attached to plate 132 or 134.
  • a square channel 139 and a transverse central passage 140 are formed in plate 132. Channels 141, 142, 143, and 1144 connect square channel 139 to central passage 140.
  • a circular channel and a transverse central passage 146 are formed in plate 133.
  • a bleed conduit 147 couples circular channel 145 to the perimeter of plate 133.
  • Plate 135 has connecting conduits 148, 149, 150, and 151, and a central passage 152.
  • the outer diameter of circular channel 145 equals the outer side dimension of square channel 139.
  • An equilateral triangular channel 153 and a transverse central passage 154 are formed in plate 134.
  • Channels 155, 156, and 157 connect triangular channel 153 to central passage 154.
  • Plate 136 has connecting conduits 158, 159, and 160, and a central passage 161.
  • the outer radius of circular channel 145 equals the distance from the midpoint of one side of the outer perimeter of triangular channel 153 to the centerpoint of central passage 154, i.e., triangular channel 153 circumscribes circular channel 145.
  • Bleed conduit 147 preferably has a circular cross section D with a diameter equal to one-half of the width Y and the height Z of the channels (e.g., D 0.090 inches).
  • the multiple is most advantageously at least three.
  • the dimensions Y, Z, D D L, L, M, N, and N are all significant.
  • Central passages 140, 146, 152, 154, and 151, whose dimensions are not significant, all preferably have circular cross sections with a diameter that is large enough to permit the desired fluid flow rate.
  • the propagating range of the sonic wave energy and its energizing capability is direclty related to the number of intersections and the length of the network of channels. These factors apparently enhance the resonant action in the cavity.
  • a network of channels arranged in stacked planes can produce very intense sonic waves because of the additional intersections formed by the connections between the channels in the different planes, and because of the capability to increase the length of the network by stacking more planes of channels on top of each other. It is believed that the more intersections and the greater the length of the network of channels that the fluid molecules must traverse, the more aligned these molecules become, i.e., the more coherent is the sonic wave energy.
  • FIG. 12 a compact sonic wave generator based on this principle.
  • a network 170 is formed in a metallic plate 171, which is shown in cross section in FIG. 12.
  • Network 170 comprises a circular channel 172 and straight channels 173 and 174 extending from opposite sides of channel 172 to the exterior of plate 171.
  • Channels 172, 173, and 174 all preferably have square cross sections with a width Y and a height Z (e.g., Y, Z 0.180 inches).
  • the outer diameter J of circular channel 172 is preferably a multiple of the width Y and the height Z of the channels (e.g., J 0.900 inches).
  • the lengths K and K of channels 173 and 174, respectively, are preferably amultiple of the width Y and the height Z of the channels (e.g., K, K 0.360 inches).
  • a supersonic nozzle 175, which is preferably the cell disclosed in my US. Pat. No. 3,554,443, is attached to plate 171 so the nozzle outlet communicates with channel 173.
  • a fluid under pressure is applied to the inlet of supersonic nozzle 175 to cause fluid flow through nozzle 175 and network to the exterior of plate 171 at straight channel 174.
  • nozzle is designed to produce shock waves having wavelength components that are multiples or submultiples of 0.180 inches.
  • nozzle 175 and network 170 are dimensionally matched. It is believed that nozzle 175 functions to align the fluid molecules to some extent before they enter network 170, so close alignment results even though network 170 is not very long.
  • FIGS. 48, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 12 are sectional views. As illustrated in FIG. 4A for cavity 32, all the conduits, channels, and cavities shown in these sectional views are in fact closed on the side that lies in the sectional plane. They could be closed by the structure of the plate itself as in FIG. 4A, by another plate as in FIG. 9B, or by a thin gasket or the like.
  • the significant dimensions of the resonant cavity and the wavelength or wavelength components of the pressure pulses to be resonated are multiples of a common divisor.
  • the common divisor is 0.090 inches
  • the cross-sectional side dimension is a multiple of three
  • the pressure pulse wavelength is a multiple of two.
  • any of the conduits or cavities could be provided with other cross-sectional shapes or dimensions as long as the significant dimensions are matched to the wavelength of the pressure pulses so that resonant action takes place.
  • the resonant cavities could have circular cross sections, although rectangular is preferable.
  • transverse resonant cavities in numerous other network arrangements can be constructed.
  • a network could comprise a circular channel that circumscribes a square channel, both being either in the same plane as depicted in FIG. 26 of application Ser. No. 158,915, filed July 1, 1971, or in stacked planes as depicted in FIG. 11A. If a stacked network of channels is used there are no known limitations on the number or variety of stacked channels.
  • an elongated resonant cavity connected to the outlet end of the conduit, the cavity having a rectangular cross section and a longitudinal axis that is generally transverse to the axis of the conduit at the point where the cavity is connected to the outlet end of the conduit, a linear cross-sectional dimension of the conduit and a linear cross-sectional side dimension of the cavity being multiples of a common divisor;
  • the cylindrical passage comprises a nozzle body open at its downstream end, bounded along its length by a sidewall, and bounded at its upstream end by an end wall having a large center hole; and the means for forming a boundary layer comprises a plurality of smaller equally spaced peripheral holes disposed about the center hole in the end wall in oppositely arranged pairs, a plurality of oppositely disposed pairs of throat plane stabilizing holes lying in a common plane in the sidewall near the downstream end of the nozzle body, and a cylindrical cell cover enclosing the nozzle body to form an annular region surrounding the sidewall of the nozzle body, the cell cover completely enclosing the nozzle body except for an opening at its upstream end that communicates with the holes of the nozzle body and the open downstream end of the nozzle body.
  • the sonic wave generator of claim 4 in which the resonant cavity has a square cross section, the crosssectional side dimensions of the cavity and the linear cross-sectional dimension of the conduit being dimensionally related to the component: wavelengths of the pressure pulses produced in the nozzle body.
  • the sonic wave generator of claim 5 in which the center hole has a diameter of 0.177 inches, the peripheral holes have a diameter of 0.031 inches, and the throat plane stabilzing holes have a diameter of 0.093 inches, the cross-sectional side dimensions of the cavity and the linear cross-sectional dimension of the conduit are in the range of 0.170 to 0.195 inches.
  • the cavity is a primary cavity having a rectangular cross section formed in a body member; and the body member has a wall defining an enlarged at least partially enclosed space that communicates with the exit from the primary cavity and at least one hexahedral auxiliary resonant cavity formed in the wall, the auxiliary resonant cavity having hexahedral side dimensions that are related to the cross-sectional side dimensions of the cavity.
  • the conduit is a primary conduit and the cavity is a primary cavity having a rectangular cross section formed in a body member; and the body member has a wall defining an enlarged at least partially enclosed space that communicates with the exit from the primary cavity, at least one hexahedral auxiliary resonant cavity formed in the wall in communication with the enclosed space, and an auxiliary conduit formed in the body member.
  • the auxiliary conduit having an inlet end coupled to the source of fluid and an outlet end connected to the auxiliary cavity, the auxiliary cavity having hexahedral side dimensions that are related to the cross-sectional side dimensions of the primary cavity.
  • the conduit is a primary conduit and the cavity is a primary cavity having a rectangular cross section formed in a body member; the body member has an auxiliary resonant cavity with a rectangular cross section formed transverse to the primary conduit such that the primary cavity lies between the primary conduit and the auxiliary cavity and an auxiliary conduit formed between the primary cavity and the auxiliary cavity, the crosssectional side dimensions of the auxiliary cavity being related to the cross-sectional side dimensions of the primary cavity.
  • the resonant cavity comprises a cross channel; the exit from the cavity comprises a first channel, a second channel, and a third channel extending transversely from the cross channel at spaced intervals; and the conduit comprises first and second subconduits extending transversely into the cross channel between the first and second exit channels and the second and third exit channels, respectively, the distances along the cross channel between the first exit channel and the first subconduit, between the first subconduit and the second exit channel, between the second exit channel and the second subconduit, and between the second subconduit and the third exit channel being related to the cross-sectional dimensions of the cross channel and'the first, second, and third exit channels.
  • the resonant cavity is formed in a body member and first and second adjacent holes are formed in the body member such that the first and second exit channels communicate with the first hole and the second and third exit channels communicate with the second hole, the channels of the resonant cavity have a square crosssection, the cross-sectional side dimension of the cavity is equal to the linear cross-sectional dimension of the subconduits, and the distances along the cross channel are each a multiple of the cross-sectional side dimension of the resonant cavity.
  • the sonic wave generator of claim 17, additionally comprising means for forming first and second approximately hexahedral auxiliary resonant cavities in the body member in communication with the first hole, the first and second hexahedral cavities and the first and second exit channels being distributed around the first hole at approximately intervals, and means for forming third and fourth hexahedral auxiliary resonant cavities in the body member in communication with the second hole, the third and fourth hexahedral cavities and the second and third exit channels being distributed around the second hole at approximately 90 intervals.
  • the resonant cavity comprises a network of closed geometric channels interconnected to each other.
  • one of the closed geometric channels is triangular and another of the closed geometric channels is circular, the circular channel circumscribing the triangular channel and interconnecting therewith at the corners of the triangular channel, and the exit comprises an outlet passage disposed within the triangular channel and first, second, and third exit channels extending transversely from the triangular channel midway between the respective corners thereof into the outlet passage.
  • the resonant cavity comprises a circular channel, the feed conduit and the exit being disposed on diametrically opposite sides of the circular channel.
  • the circular channel has a square cross section
  • the feed conduit has a square cross section
  • the exit comprises a channel extending transversely from the circular channel and having a square cross section
  • the crosssectional side dimension of the feed conduit, the circular channel, and the exit channel are equal
  • the length of the feed conduit and the exit channel are multiples of the cross-sectional side dimension of the circular channel.
  • a shock wave generating cell coupling the source of fluid to the inlet end of the conduit, the cell comprising a cylindrical nozzle body open at its end adjacent to the inlet end of the conduit, bounded along its length by a sidewall, and bounded at its other end by an end wall having a large center hole;
  • a cylindrical cell cover 'enclosing the nozzle body to form an annularregion surrounding the cylindrical sidewall of the nozzle body, the cell cover completely enclosing the nozzle body except for its open end and an opening at its upstream end that communicates with the holes of the nozzle body, the diameter of the center hole, the peripheral holes, and the throat plane stabilizing holes and the cross-sectional side dimension of the channels being multiply related.
  • a sonic wave generator comprising:
  • the cavity having uniform rectangular crosssectional dimensions transverse to an axis along which the cavity extends and an exit for the emission of sonic wave energy;
  • the coupling means comprises an elongated conduit connected to the cavity, the conduit being disposed along a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the axis of the resonant cavity where connected thereto, the conduit and the cavity having a linear cross-sectional dimension related to each other, and a source of fluid under pressure applied to the conduit.
  • the coupling means comprises a source of fluid, a cylindrical nozzle body having a downstream end in communication with the resonant cavity and an upstream end in communication with the source, there being a pressure drop between the source and the exit of the cavity, the nozzle body being open at its downstream end, bounded along its length by a sidewall, and bounded at its upstream end by an end wall having a large center hole, a plurality of smaller equally spaced peripheral holes disposed about the center hole in the end wall in oppositely arranged pairs, a plurality of oppositely disposed pairs of throat plane stabilizing holes lying in a common plane in the sidewall near the downstream end of the nozzle body, and a cylindrical cell cover enclosing the nozzle body to form an annular region surrounding the cylindrical sidewall of the noule body, the cell cover completely enclosing the nozzle body except for the open downstream end of the nozzle body and an opening at its upstream end that communicates with the holes of the nozzle body, the
  • a sonic wave generator comprising:
  • conduit having an inlet and an outlet, the conduit being disposed along a longitudinal axis;
  • an elongated resonant cavity disposed along a longitudinal axis, a linear cross-sectional dimension of the conduit and the cavity being multiples of a common divisor;
  • a sonic wave generator comprising:
  • a resonant cavity formed in the plate, the cavity being disposed on a longitudinal axis and having one open end that communicates with the hole;
  • an elongated conduit formed in the plate along a longitudinal axis, the conduit having an inlet end and an outlet end communicating with the cavity at a point such that the axes of the cavity and the conduit are perpendicular to each other, a linear cross sectional dimension of the conduit and the cavity being related.
  • the sonic wave generator of' claim 37 in which the cavity is a primary cavity and the plate has a plurality of auxiliary cavities disposed about the periphery of the hole in communication with the space enclosed by the hole, a linear dimension of the auxiliary cavities being related to the linear cross-sectional dimension of the primary cavity.
  • the sonic wave generator of claim 37 additionally comprising another hole through the plate, the cavity having another open end that communicates with the other hole.
  • a sonic wave generator comprising:
  • a resonant cavity having a square cross section formed'in the body member, the cavity comprising a cross channel, a first exit channel connecting one end of the cross channel to the first hole, a second exit channel connecting the other end of the cross channel to the second hole, a longitudinal channel extendingtransversely from the cross channel intermediate the ends of the cross channel, and a third exit channel extending between the first and second holes to connect them to the longitudinal channel;
  • a second conduit extending transversely into the cross channel between the longitudinal channel and the second exit channel, the distances along the cross channel between the first exit channel and the first conduit, between the first conduit and the longitudinal channel, between the longitudinal channel and the second conduit, and between the second conduit and the second exit channel being dimensionally related to the cross-sectional side dimension of the resonant cavity.
  • resonant cavity is a primary cavity and hexahedral auxiliary cavities are formed around the first and second holes, the auxiliary cavities having side dimensions that are multiples or submultiples of the cross-sectional side dimension of the primary resonant cavity.
  • a sonic wave generator comprising:
  • a circular channel formed in the body member to circumscribe the triangular channel and to communicate with the triangular channel at its corners;
  • first, second, and third connecting channels extending between the center of the respective sides of the triangular channel and the central passage
  • a conduit extending from the exterior of the body member to the circular channel, the channels all having rectangular cross-sections, the crosssectional side dimensions of the channels, a linear cross-sectional dimension of the conduit, and the distance from the corners of the triangular channels to each connecting channel being multiply related.
  • a sonic wave generator comprising:
  • a first connecting channel extending from the exterior of the body memberradially to the circular channel
  • a second connecting channel extending from the exterior of the body member radially to the circular channel at a point diametrically opposite from the first connecting channel, the channels all having square cross sections;
  • a cylindrical nozzle body having an upstream end exposed to the exterior of the body member and a downstream end communicating with the first connecting channel, the nozzle body being open at its downstream end, bounded along its length by a sidewall, and bounded at its upstream end by an end wall having a large center hole; a plurality of smaller equally spaced peripheral holes disposed about the center hole in the end wall arranged in oppositely disposed pairs; plurality of oppositely disposed pairs of throat plane stabilizing holes lying in a common plane in the sidewall near the downstream end of the nozzle body; and
  • a cylindrical cell cover enclosing the nozzle body to form an annular region surrounding the cylindrical sidewall of the nozzle body, the cell cover completely enclosing the nozzle body except for the open downstream end of the nozzle body and an opening at its upstream end that communicates with the holes of the nozzle body, the crosssectional side dimension of the channels and the diameters of the holes in the nozzle body being multiply related.
  • a sonic wave generator comprising:
  • one or more hexahedral resonant cavities formed in the body member in communication with the hole, the side dimensions of the resonant cavity and the given wavelength being multiples of a common divisor.
  • a sonic wave generator comprising:
  • a closed channel having a rectangular cross section formed in the body, the cross-sectional side dimensions of the channel being multiply related;
  • the sonic wave generator of claim 46 additionally comprising another closed channel having a rectangular cross section formed in the body and means for interconnecting the two channels to form a single continuous network.
  • a method for generating sonic wave energy comprising the steps of:
  • a method of transmitting sonic wave energy from a first point to a second point comprising the steps of:
  • a method of extensively energizing a gaseous medium comprising the steps of:
  • a sonic wave generator comprising:
  • an elongated resonant channel having a rectangular cross section and a length many times larger than the linear cross-sectional side dimensions of the channel
  • an elongated conduit having one end connected to the source and the other end connected to the channel at a point spaced along the length of the channel from the exit so all the fluid from the source passing through the conduit passes through the channel;

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
US00189206A 1970-10-21 1971-10-14 Sonic wave generation Expired - Lifetime US3831550A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00189206A US3831550A (en) 1970-11-02 1971-10-14 Sonic wave generation
DE19712152530 DE2152530B2 (de) 1970-10-21 1971-10-21 Schallresonanzgenerator zur Anregung strömender Medien
CA126,067A CA977453A (en) 1970-11-02 1971-10-26 Sonic wave generation
IT70571/71A IT942761B (it) 1970-11-02 1971-10-29 Generatore di onde acustiche coerenti
BE774774A BE774774A (fr) 1970-11-02 1971-10-29 Production d'ondes sonores
NL7115081A NL7115081A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-11-02 1971-11-02
AR238791A AR199875A1 (es) 1970-11-02 1971-11-02 Generador de ondas sonicas
CH1597471A CH571902A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-11-02 1971-11-02
FR7226550A FR2157309A6 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-10-14 1972-07-24

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8591170A 1970-11-02 1970-11-02
US00189206A US3831550A (en) 1970-11-02 1971-10-14 Sonic wave generation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3831550A true US3831550A (en) 1974-08-27

Family

ID=26773230

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00189206A Expired - Lifetime US3831550A (en) 1970-10-21 1971-10-14 Sonic wave generation

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3831550A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AR (1) AR199875A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE774774A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA977453A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH571902A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT942761B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7115081A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2353822A (en) * 1999-09-04 2001-03-07 Ford Global Tech Inc Injecting atomic nitrogen into i.c. engine combustion chamber to reduce NOx
CN110124976A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-08-16 中国计量大学 一种可对排气进行二次利用的气动高强声波发生装置

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2019596A (en) * 1932-09-28 1935-11-05 Broden John Gustaf Mauritz Acoustic signaling apparatus
US2364987A (en) * 1943-03-29 1944-12-12 Harry F Lee Atomizer for carburetors
US2755767A (en) * 1951-07-10 1956-07-24 Centre Nat Rech Scient High power generators of sounds and ultra-sounds
US3230923A (en) * 1962-11-21 1966-01-25 Sonic Dev Corp Sonic pressure wave generator
US3368577A (en) * 1964-12-04 1968-02-13 Marquardt Corp Fluid pressure amplifier
US3432804A (en) * 1966-10-25 1969-03-11 Pitney Bowes Inc Fluid ultrasonic generator
US3554443A (en) * 1969-04-23 1971-01-12 Energy Sciences Inc Phase-resonant streaming
US3581992A (en) * 1969-04-23 1971-06-01 Energy Sciences Inc Streaming
US3600612A (en) * 1970-03-27 1971-08-17 Pitney Bowes Inc Transducer
US3613452A (en) * 1965-06-30 1971-10-19 Honeywell Inc Control apparatus

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2019596A (en) * 1932-09-28 1935-11-05 Broden John Gustaf Mauritz Acoustic signaling apparatus
US2364987A (en) * 1943-03-29 1944-12-12 Harry F Lee Atomizer for carburetors
US2755767A (en) * 1951-07-10 1956-07-24 Centre Nat Rech Scient High power generators of sounds and ultra-sounds
US3230923A (en) * 1962-11-21 1966-01-25 Sonic Dev Corp Sonic pressure wave generator
US3368577A (en) * 1964-12-04 1968-02-13 Marquardt Corp Fluid pressure amplifier
US3613452A (en) * 1965-06-30 1971-10-19 Honeywell Inc Control apparatus
US3432804A (en) * 1966-10-25 1969-03-11 Pitney Bowes Inc Fluid ultrasonic generator
US3554443A (en) * 1969-04-23 1971-01-12 Energy Sciences Inc Phase-resonant streaming
US3581992A (en) * 1969-04-23 1971-06-01 Energy Sciences Inc Streaming
US3600612A (en) * 1970-03-27 1971-08-17 Pitney Bowes Inc Transducer

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2353822A (en) * 1999-09-04 2001-03-07 Ford Global Tech Inc Injecting atomic nitrogen into i.c. engine combustion chamber to reduce NOx
CN110124976A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-08-16 中国计量大学 一种可对排气进行二次利用的气动高强声波发生装置
CN110124976B (zh) * 2019-05-16 2024-05-17 中国计量大学 一种对排气进行二次利用的气动强声波发生装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR199875A1 (es) 1974-10-08
NL7115081A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-05-04
IT942761B (it) 1973-04-02
CH571902A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-01-30
BE774774A (fr) 1972-02-14
CA977453A (en) 1975-11-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3240254A (en) Compressible fluid sonic pressure wave apparatus and method
US5403180A (en) Pulsating combustors
US5344308A (en) Combustion noise damper for burner
Sivasegaram et al. Oscillations in axisymmetric dump combustors
US11434851B2 (en) Systems and methods for air-breathing wave engines for thrust production
GB1520137A (en) Liquid atomizing apparatus
GB748053A (en) Improvements in or relating to exhaust silencers for internal combustion engines
US3831550A (en) Sonic wave generation
US4457000A (en) Shock wave suppressing flow plate for pulsed lasers
EP0895018A2 (en) Noise reducing diffuser
US3286786A (en) Gas turbine exhaust silencer and acoustical material therefor
US3230923A (en) Sonic pressure wave generator
US2308886A (en) Acoustic wave filter
US3286787A (en) Turbine exhaust silencer
US4192465A (en) Vortex generating device with external flow interrupting body
US4113048A (en) Method of and device for attenuating the noise radiated by gas jets
US3753304A (en) Pressure wave generator
KR850004312A (ko) 유체를 황성화시키기 위한 방법과 장치
US2800100A (en) Generator for sonic and ultrasonic vibrations
US3835810A (en) Pressure wave mixing
Sherman et al. Jet flow field during screech
SU1502902A2 (ru) Акустическа форсунка
US3533373A (en) Modulated signal generator
RU1571856C (ru) Газоструйный излучатель
US3232267A (en) Sonic pressure wave generator

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: VORTRAN CORPORATION, 315 SOUTH BEVERLY DRIVE, SUIT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:HUGHES, NATHANIEL;GREEN NORMAN E.;REEL/FRAME:004066/0868

Effective date: 19821116

Owner name: NATHANIEL HUGHES

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PARKER & HALE, A CA PARTNERSHIP;REEL/FRAME:004071/0640

Effective date: 19821112

Owner name: GREEN, NORMAN E.

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PARKER & HALE, A CA PARTNERSHIP;REEL/FRAME:004071/0640

Effective date: 19821112

Owner name: NATHANIEL HUGHES, STATELESS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PARKER & HALE, A CA PARTNERSHIP;REEL/FRAME:004071/0640

Effective date: 19821112

Owner name: GREEN, NORMAN E., STATELESS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PARKER & HALE, A CA PARTNERSHIP;REEL/FRAME:004071/0640

Effective date: 19821112