US3830437A - Sample pulverizing apparatus - Google Patents

Sample pulverizing apparatus Download PDF

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US3830437A
US3830437A US00217888A US21788872A US3830437A US 3830437 A US3830437 A US 3830437A US 00217888 A US00217888 A US 00217888A US 21788872 A US21788872 A US 21788872A US 3830437 A US3830437 A US 3830437A
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Prior art keywords
hollow members
members
samples
hollow
inches
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US00217888A
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P Everett
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LEDIR LABORATORIES Pty Ltd
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MINING SYST Ltd
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Assigned to LEDIR LABORATORIES PTY LTD. reassignment LEDIR LABORATORIES PTY LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MINING SYSTEMS LTD, A CORP. OF HONG KONG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/04—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with unperforated container
    • B02C17/06—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with unperforated container with several compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/04—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with unperforated container
    • B02C17/06—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with unperforated container with several compartments
    • B02C2017/065—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with unperforated container with several compartments with several compartments in the form of multiwell blocks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for and a method of pulverizing solid samples, more particularly samples of minerals.
  • the conventional method suffers from the disadvantage that it is time consuming, and therefore costly, in that normally only one sample can be treated at the one time and the apparatus used must be thoroughly cleaned after treating each sample.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantage of the conventional method of preparing samples for an analysis by providing an apparatus for the preparation of such samples which allows a large number of samples to be individually treated at the one time.
  • an apparatus for pulverizing of solid samples which comprises a plurality of elongated hollow members held together in side-by-side relationship, closure means adapted to seal each end of the hollow members, at least one grinding element positioned in each of the hollow members, and means to impart rotary motion to the plurality of hollow members whereby the grinding elements move from end to end of the hollow members thereby pulverizing samples contained in the hollow members.
  • This invention also provides a method of pulverizing solid samples, wherein the samples are placed in an apparatus as defined above and rotary motion imparted to the plurality of hollow members.
  • the hollow members are preferably between one inch and three inches in diameter and between one foot and three feet long.
  • the number of hollow members is preferably between and 200.
  • the hollow members are preferably arranged with their tops in one plane and their bottoms in another, parallel, plane.
  • the apparatus may be constructed from a large number of pipes or tubes, which may be joined together to form a rigid element.
  • the apparatus may be made by casting a block containing the hollow members or cylindrical cavities may be bored in a solid block of material.
  • a single sheet of hardened steel or other material, with suitable reinforcing, which is clamped over their tops or bottoms, can be'used to close the hollow members.
  • individual covers for each hollow member may be fixed to a single sheet of material, allowing the sealing of a large number of hollow members with a single movement. Gaskets of rubber or other material may be used to improve the sealing.
  • the apparatus is operated by first covering all the bottoms of hollow members and then inserting a sample into each hollow member, the amount of sample usually being between fifty and five hundred grams of material with a maximum particle size of half an inch.
  • the grinding elements usually take the form of hardened rods from half an inch to 2 inches in diameter and 2 inches to 12 inches long.
  • spherical or other shaped grinding elements may be used. Several grinding elements may be inserted in each cavity if it is considered desirable.
  • tops of the hollow members are then sealed and covers with special sound insulating properties may be attached over the sealing plates.
  • a means of rotating the block containing the hollow members is provided.
  • the machine is rotated at between 10 r.p.m. and r.p.m. around a horizontal axis of rotation at 90 to the longitudinal axes of the hollow members.
  • the rotary motion imparted to the block may be in the form of simple harmonic oscillations rather than a continuous rotation.
  • the grinding elements slide from one end of the hollow members to the other and accomplish grinding of the samples by impact on the plates sealing their tops and bottoms and also by contact against the walls of the hollow members.
  • the fineness of the materials is controlled by the time of grinding, which is usually between half an hour and five hours.
  • the block may be heated by any suitable means and, if considered desirable, the block may be equipped with gaskets of a gas permeable substance to allow moisture and other gases to leave the hollow members.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is provided with envelopes, of paper or other suitable material, in a side by side relationship corresponding to the hollow members.
  • a restricting device may be fitted over each envelope to prevent passage of the grinding elements, if considered desirable.
  • the discharge device is clamped over the tops of the hollow members, the block is rotated through and the samples discharged into the envelopes.
  • the discharge device may be designed so that the envelopes may be removed one by one, or all together, without permitting discharge of the grinding elements.
  • discharge can be into paper or plastic cups held together so that they correspond to the tops of the hollow members.
  • the machine After removal of the discharge apparatus the machine may be cleaned by pushing a brush or other device through each hollow member.
  • FIGS. 1 (A) and l (B) show, in longitudinal and transverse cross-section respectively, the general arrangement of the hollow members (1).
  • An electric heater (2) which fits inside a hollow axle (3) is shown.
  • the axle is provided with a means of rotation to cause cylindrical grinding elements (4) to move from one end of the hollow members to the other thereby grinding the samples.
  • a plate at the top (5) sealing the hollow members is clamped in position corresponding to bottom plate (7) which is shown in its operating position. Sound proofing covers (6) are shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in longitudinal cross-section, the general arrangement of a sample discharge device. Paper envelopes (1 1) are fixed to cones (8) which are held in a relationship corresponding to the hollow members.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in cross-section, the construction detail of one conical discharge section.
  • a cone (8) rests in a rectangular plate (9).
  • a rod (10) passes through the cone in order to prevent the grinding element(s) entering the paper bag (11) which is held in position by a small clip (12) attached to the side of the cone.
  • the apparatus of the present invention has a number of advantages as compared with conventional sample treating apparatus.
  • the apparatus is simple in construction and operation with all wearing parts, which can be made of any suitable material, being inexpensive.
  • the apparatus can handle samples having a large initial particle size, for example, up to onehalf inch, with the final particle size being variable at will simply by varying the time of operation.
  • Another distinct advantage of this apparatus is that a large number of samples, for example 200, can be treated at the same time and that the final, ground samples can all be simultaneously discharged from the apparatus.
  • the apparatus can be readily adapted to simultaneously dry and pulverize samples with such drying being carried out rapidly without forming lumps.
  • the apparatus can also be readily adapted for quiet, dust-free operation.
  • the apparatus consisting of smooth tubes with readily removable end caps, can be thoroughly cleaned in very simple manner after the treatment of each batch of samples.
  • An apparatus for pulverizing of solid samples which comprises a plurality of elongated hollow members, means holding said members together in side-byside relationship, closure means having individual closure caps joined together to form a single operable element and adapted to seal each end of the hollow members, at least one grinding element positioned in each of the hollow members, and means to simultaneously impart rotary motion to the plurality of hollow members to reciprocate the grinding elements from end to end of the hollow members to pulverize the samples contained in the hollow members, and stationary discharge means disposed adjacent said closure means.
  • said elongated hollow members are of cylindrical configuration and are between about 1 inch and 3 inches in diameter and are between about l foot and about 3 feet in length, said grinding elements being an elongated rod of from about one-half inch to about 2 inches in diameter and between about 2 inches and about l2 corresponding to each of said hollow members, baglike members removably mounted on said cone-shaped members for receiving pulverized samples from said hollow members respectively, and a rod passing through said cone to prevent the grinding elements from entering the bag-like members.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Abstract

An assembly apparatus for pulverizing solid samples, particularly samples of minerals, wherein is provided a plurality of elongated, hollow members joined together for simultaneous rotary movement. A sample is placed in each member along with at least one grinding element such that upon closing the hollow members with a unitary closure element and rotating the assembly, the grinding elements reciprocate from end to end of the hollow members to pulverize the samples. A stationary discharge element is positioned to receive pulverized material upon completion of the pulverizing operation.

Description

United States Patent Everett SAMPLE PULVERIZING APPARATUS [75] Inventor: Peter Kenneth Everett, Cammeray,
New South Wales, Australia [73] Assignee: Mining Systems Limited, Hong Kong, Hong Kong [22] Filed: Jan. 14, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 217,888
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Jan. 19, 1971 Australia 3748/71 [52] U.S. Cl. 241/137, 241/176 [51] Int. Cl. B02c 17/06 [58] Field of Search 241/30, 137, 176, 179, 241/180; 51/164 [56] References Cited UNlTED STATES PATENTS 754,122 3/1904 Bucklin 241/137 X 1,144,272 6/1915 West 241/137 X Aug. 20, 1974 2,160,169 5/1939 Pontoppidan 241/180 X 3,218,041 11/1965 Kubodera 51/164 X 3,583,647 6/1971 Paterson 241/137 Primary Examiner-Donald G. Kelly Attorney, Agent, or FirmFitzpatrick, Cella, Harper & Scinto [5 7 ABSTRACT An assembly apparatus for pulverizing solid samples, particularly samples of minerals, wherein is provided a plurality of elongated, hollow members joined together for simultaneous rotary movement. A sample is placed in each member along with at least one grinding element such that upon closing the hollow members with a unitary closure element and rotating the assembly, the grinding elements reciprocate from end to end of the hollow members to pulverize the samples. A stationary discharge element is positioned to receive pulverized material upon completion of the pulverizing operation.
3 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures SAMPLE PULVERIZING APPARATUS The present invention relates to an apparatus for and a method of pulverizing solid samples, more particularly samples of minerals.
In the conventional method of preparing mineral or rock samples for analysis the samples are normally subjected to the following treatments:
a. crushing, usually to 7% inch inch size;
b. further size reduction to, for example, 100 mesh;
0. fine grinding to from 200 to 300 mesh; and
d. drying.
The conventional method suffers from the disadvantage that it is time consuming, and therefore costly, in that normally only one sample can be treated at the one time and the apparatus used must be thoroughly cleaned after treating each sample.
An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantage of the conventional method of preparing samples for an analysis by providing an apparatus for the preparation of such samples which allows a large number of samples to be individually treated at the one time.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for pulverizing of solid samples which comprises a plurality of elongated hollow members held together in side-by-side relationship, closure means adapted to seal each end of the hollow members, at least one grinding element positioned in each of the hollow members, and means to impart rotary motion to the plurality of hollow members whereby the grinding elements move from end to end of the hollow members thereby pulverizing samples contained in the hollow members.
This invention also provides a method of pulverizing solid samples, wherein the samples are placed in an apparatus as defined above and rotary motion imparted to the plurality of hollow members.
The hollow members are preferably between one inch and three inches in diameter and between one foot and three feet long. The number of hollow members is preferably between and 200.
The hollow members are preferably arranged with their tops in one plane and their bottoms in another, parallel, plane.
The apparatus may be constructed from a large number of pipes or tubes, which may be joined together to form a rigid element. Alternatively the apparatus may be made by casting a block containing the hollow members or cylindrical cavities may be bored in a solid block of material.
A single sheet of hardened steel or other material, with suitable reinforcing, which is clamped over their tops or bottoms, can be'used to close the hollow members. Alternatively individual covers for each hollow member may be fixed to a single sheet of material, allowing the sealing of a large number of hollow members with a single movement. Gaskets of rubber or other material may be used to improve the sealing.
The apparatus is operated by first covering all the bottoms of hollow members and then inserting a sample into each hollow member, the amount of sample usually being between fifty and five hundred grams of material with a maximum particle size of half an inch.
A grinding element is then inserted in each hollow member. The grinding elements usually take the form of hardened rods from half an inch to 2 inches in diameter and 2 inches to 12 inches long.
Alternatively spherical or other shaped grinding elements may be used. Several grinding elements may be inserted in each cavity if it is considered desirable.
The tops of the hollow members are then sealed and covers with special sound insulating properties may be attached over the sealing plates.
A means of rotating the block containing the hollow members is provided. The machine is rotated at between 10 r.p.m. and r.p.m. around a horizontal axis of rotation at 90 to the longitudinal axes of the hollow members.
The rotary motion imparted to the block may be in the form of simple harmonic oscillations rather than a continuous rotation.
As the hollow members rotate the grinding elements slide from one end of the hollow members to the other and accomplish grinding of the samples by impact on the plates sealing their tops and bottoms and also by contact against the walls of the hollow members.
The fineness of the materials is controlled by the time of grinding, which is usually between half an hour and five hours.
I During this period the block may be heated by any suitable means and, if considered desirable, the block may be equipped with gaskets of a gas permeable substance to allow moisture and other gases to leave the hollow members.
When the desired fineness is achieved the rotation is stopped and the top sealing plate is removed.
In a preferred embodiment the apparatus according to the invention is provided with envelopes, of paper or other suitable material, in a side by side relationship corresponding to the hollow members. A restricting device may be fitted over each envelope to prevent passage of the grinding elements, if considered desirable.
The discharge device is clamped over the tops of the hollow members, the block is rotated through and the samples discharged into the envelopes. The discharge device may be designed so that the envelopes may be removed one by one, or all together, without permitting discharge of the grinding elements.
If considered desirable, discharge can be into paper or plastic cups held together so that they correspond to the tops of the hollow members.
After removal of the discharge apparatus the machine may be cleaned by pushing a brush or other device through each hollow member.
The apparatus and method .according to the invention will now be exemplified by reference to the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.
FIGS. 1 (A) and l (B) show, in longitudinal and transverse cross-section respectively, the general arrangement of the hollow members (1). An electric heater (2) which fits inside a hollow axle (3) is shown. The axle is provided with a means of rotation to cause cylindrical grinding elements (4) to move from one end of the hollow members to the other thereby grinding the samples.
A plate at the top (5) sealing the hollow members is clamped in position corresponding to bottom plate (7) which is shown in its operating position. Sound proofing covers (6) are shown.
FIG. 2 shows, in longitudinal cross-section, the general arrangement of a sample discharge device. Paper envelopes (1 1) are fixed to cones (8) which are held in a relationship corresponding to the hollow members.
FIG. 3 shows, in cross-section, the construction detail of one conical discharge section. A cone (8) rests in a rectangular plate (9). A rod (10) passes through the cone in order to prevent the grinding element(s) entering the paper bag (11) which is held in position by a small clip (12) attached to the side of the cone.
The apparatus of the present invention has a number of advantages as compared with conventional sample treating apparatus. The apparatus is simple in construction and operation with all wearing parts, which can be made of any suitable material, being inexpensive. Also, the apparatus can handle samples having a large initial particle size, for example, up to onehalf inch, with the final particle size being variable at will simply by varying the time of operation. Another distinct advantage of this apparatus is that a large number of samples, for example 200, can be treated at the same time and that the final, ground samples can all be simultaneously discharged from the apparatus. Also, the apparatus can be readily adapted to simultaneously dry and pulverize samples with such drying being carried out rapidly without forming lumps. The apparatus can also be readily adapted for quiet, dust-free operation. Finally the apparatus, consisting of smooth tubes with readily removable end caps, can be thoroughly cleaned in very simple manner after the treatment of each batch of samples.
lclaim: 1. An apparatus for pulverizing of solid samples which comprises a plurality of elongated hollow members, means holding said members together in side-byside relationship, closure means having individual closure caps joined together to form a single operable element and adapted to seal each end of the hollow members, at least one grinding element positioned in each of the hollow members, and means to simultaneously impart rotary motion to the plurality of hollow members to reciprocate the grinding elements from end to end of the hollow members to pulverize the samples contained in the hollow members, and stationary discharge means disposed adjacent said closure means.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said elongated hollow members are of cylindrical configuration and are between about 1 inch and 3 inches in diameter and are between about l foot and about 3 feet in length, said grinding elements being an elongated rod of from about one-half inch to about 2 inches in diameter and between about 2 inches and about l2 corresponding to each of said hollow members, baglike members removably mounted on said cone-shaped members for receiving pulverized samples from said hollow members respectively, and a rod passing through said cone to prevent the grinding elements from entering the bag-like members.

Claims (3)

1. An apparatus for pulverizing of solid samples which comprises a plurality of elongated hollow members, means holding said members together in side-by-side relationship, closure means having individual closure caps joined together to form a single operable element and adapted to seal each end of the hollow members, at least one grinding element positioned in each of the hollow members, and means to simultaneously impart rotary motion to the plurality of hollow members to reciprocate the grinding elements from end to end of the hollow members to pulverize the samples contained in the hollow members, and stationary discharge means disposed adjacent said closure means.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said elongated hollow members are of cylindrical configuration and are between about 1 inch and 3 inches in diameter and are between about 1 foot and about 3 feet in length, said grinding elements being an elongated rod of from about one-half inch to about 2 inches in diameter and between about 2 inches and about 12 inches in length.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said discharge means comprises a plate member, a plurality of cone-shaped members carried by said plate member corresponding to each of said hollow members, bag-like members removably mounted on said cone-shaped members for receiving pulverized samples from said hollow members respectively, and a rod passing through said cone to prevent the grinding elements from entering the bag-like members.
US00217888A 1971-01-19 1972-01-14 Sample pulverizing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3830437A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPA374871 1971-01-19

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US (1) US3830437A (en)
AR (1) AR192339A1 (en)
CA (1) CA954492A (en)
DE (1) DE2201757A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2122929A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1375481A (en)
IT (1) IT946677B (en)
NL (1) NL7200547A (en)
ZA (1) ZA72326B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6242392B1 (en) * 1999-05-11 2001-06-05 Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Grinding aids for X-ray fluorescence analysis
US20070007372A1 (en) * 2000-07-07 2007-01-11 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for mechanical treatment of materials such as catalysts

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US754122A (en) * 1903-06-30 1904-03-08 James P Bucklin Tumbling-machine.
US1144272A (en) * 1912-05-09 1915-06-22 Abraham Lincoln West Compensating drive for concentric cylinders or mills.
US2160169A (en) * 1936-06-18 1939-05-30 Smidth & Co As F L Mill
US3218041A (en) * 1963-05-23 1965-11-16 Kubodera Hisayoshi Apparatus for mixing, agitating, abrading or crushing various materials
US3583647A (en) * 1969-04-04 1971-06-08 Werner A Paterson Amalgamator for mixing dental fillings

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US754122A (en) * 1903-06-30 1904-03-08 James P Bucklin Tumbling-machine.
US1144272A (en) * 1912-05-09 1915-06-22 Abraham Lincoln West Compensating drive for concentric cylinders or mills.
US2160169A (en) * 1936-06-18 1939-05-30 Smidth & Co As F L Mill
US3218041A (en) * 1963-05-23 1965-11-16 Kubodera Hisayoshi Apparatus for mixing, agitating, abrading or crushing various materials
US3583647A (en) * 1969-04-04 1971-06-08 Werner A Paterson Amalgamator for mixing dental fillings

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6242392B1 (en) * 1999-05-11 2001-06-05 Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Grinding aids for X-ray fluorescence analysis
US20070007372A1 (en) * 2000-07-07 2007-01-11 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for mechanical treatment of materials such as catalysts
US7503515B2 (en) * 2000-07-07 2009-03-17 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for mechanical treatment of materials such as catalysts

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IT946677B (en) 1973-05-21
GB1375481A (en) 1974-11-27
CA954492A (en) 1974-09-10
DE2201757A1 (en) 1972-08-03
ZA72326B (en) 1972-10-25
NL7200547A (en) 1972-07-21
AR192339A1 (en) 1973-02-14
FR2122929A5 (en) 1972-09-01

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AS Assignment

Owner name: LEDIR LABORATORIES PTY LTD, NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTR

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MINING SYSTEMS LTD, A CORP. OF HONG KONG;REEL/FRAME:004113/0667

Effective date: 19820811