US3823688A - Magnetic brush assembly - Google Patents

Magnetic brush assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US3823688A
US3823688A US00220965A US22096572A US3823688A US 3823688 A US3823688 A US 3823688A US 00220965 A US00220965 A US 00220965A US 22096572 A US22096572 A US 22096572A US 3823688 A US3823688 A US 3823688A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sleeve
sleeve member
roller
roller assembly
support shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00220965A
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English (en)
Inventor
S Klett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xerox Corp
Original Assignee
Xerox Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE794507D priority Critical patent/BE794507A/xx
Application filed by Xerox Corp filed Critical Xerox Corp
Priority to US00220965A priority patent/US3823688A/en
Priority to CA161,520A priority patent/CA989607A/en
Priority to FR7302247A priority patent/FR2169143B1/fr
Priority to GB378973A priority patent/GB1394502A/en
Priority to SE7301014A priority patent/SE382698B/xx
Priority to NL7301120A priority patent/NL174402C/xx
Priority to IT1960673A priority patent/IT993550B/it
Priority to BR73640A priority patent/BR7300640D0/pt
Priority to DE19732303864 priority patent/DE2303864C3/de
Priority to JP1093773A priority patent/JPS5629272B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3823688A publication Critical patent/US3823688A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G15/09—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush
    • G03G15/0907—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush with bias voltage

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT References cued A roller assembly for inclusion in a magnetic brush as UNITED STATES PATENTS sembiy wherein a floating bias is provided on a shaft 2,902,974 Greaves of the oner assembly 3,040,704 6/1962 Bliss 118/637 3,152,924 10/1964 Wanielista et a1.
  • the xerographic plate is electrostatically charged uniformly'over its surface and then exposed to a light pattern of theimage being reproduced to thereby discharge the charge in the areas where light strikes the layer.
  • the undischarged areas of the layer thus form an electrostatic charge pattern in conformity with the configuration of the original light pattern.
  • the latent electrostatic image may then be developed by contacting it with a finely divided electrostatically attractable material, such as a resinous powder.
  • a finely divided electrostatically attractable material such as a resinous powder.
  • the powder is held in the image areas by the electrostatic fields on the layer. Where the field is greatest, the greatest amount of material is deposited; and where the field is last, little or no material is deposited.
  • a powder image is produced in conformity with the light image of the copy beingreproduced;
  • the powder is subsequently transferred to a sheet of paper orother surface and suitably affixed to thereby form a permanent print.
  • the electrostatically attractable developing material commonly used in magnetic brush developing appara tus comprises a pigmented resinous powder referred to here as tonerT and a"carrier of larger granular beads formed with steel cores coated with a material removed in the triboelectric series from the toner so that a triboelectric charge is generated between the toner powder and the granular carrier.
  • the magnetizable carrier also provides mechanical control for the formation of brush bristles by virtue of magnetic fields so that the toner can be readily handled and broughtinto contact with the exposed xerographic surface. The toner is then attracted to the electrostatic latent image from the carrier bristles to produce a visible powder image on an insulating surface.
  • the brushes are arranged for developing purposes with a run of the belt in the planar orientation.
  • the brushes are mounted for rotation with conventional commutator brushes and rings which failed after relatively short periods of time.
  • An object of this invention is to provide an improved roller assembly for a magnetic brush developing apparatus.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved roller assembly for a magnetic brush developing apparatus for use in an electrostatic printing machine utilizing an endless belt photoreceptor.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved roller assembly for a magnetic brush developing apparatus which eliminates conventional commutator brushes and rings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an electrostatic reproduction machineembodying the principles of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plane view of the roller assembly of the invention for a magnetic brush developer apparatusi
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the roller assembly of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of the roller positioned at the'beginning of the roller assembly
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the roller of FIG. 4 taken along line 4--4.thereof;
  • FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of the other rollers of the magnetic brush developing assembly.
  • FIG. 1 For a general understanding of the illustrated copier/reproduction machine in which the' invention may be incorporated, reference is had to FIG. 1 in which the various system components for the machine are schematically illustrated.
  • a light image of a document tobe reproduced is projected onto the sensitized surface of a xerographic plate to form an electrostatic latent image thereon.
  • the latent image is developed with an oppositely charged developing material to form a xerographic powder image, corresponding to the latent image on the plate surface.
  • the powder image is then electrostatically transferred to a support surface and fixed by a fusing device to cause the powder image to adhere permanently to the support surface.
  • adocument D to be copied is placed upon a transparent support platen P fixedly arranged in an illumination assembly, generally indicated by the reference numeral 10, positioned at the left end of the machine.
  • Light rays from an illumination system are flashed upon the document to produce image rays corresponding to the informational areas.
  • the image rays are projected by means of an optical system onto the photosensitive surface of a xerographic plate in the form of a flexible photoconductive belt 12 arranged on a belt assembly, generally indicated by the reference numeral 14.
  • the belt 12 comprises a photoconductive layer of selenium which is the light receiving surface and imaging medium for the apparatus, on a conductive backing.
  • the surface of the photoconductive belt is made photosensitive by a previous step of uniformly charging the same by means of a corona generating device or corotron 13.
  • the belt is journaled for continuous movement upon three rollers 20, 21 and 22 positioned with their axes in parallel.
  • the photoconductive belt assembly 14 is slidably mounted upon two support shafts 23 and 24 with the roller rotatably supported on the shaft 23 which is secured to the frame of the-apparatus and is rotatably driven by a suitable motor and drive assembly (not shown) in the direction if the arrow at a Constant rate.
  • a suitable motor and drive assembly (not shown) in the direction if the arrow at a Constant rate.
  • the portion exposed is that portion of the belt running between rollers and 21.
  • the reflected light image of such original document positioned on the platen is flashed on the surface of the belt to produce an electrostatic latent image thereon at exposure station A.
  • the electrostatic image passesthrough a developing station B in which there is positioned a developer assembly generally indicated by the reference numeral 15, and which provides development of the electrostatic image by means of multiple brushes 16 as the same moves through the development zone.
  • the roller assembly of this invention is positioned within the developer assembly 15 to form a magnetic brush developing assembly.
  • the developed electrostatic image is transported by the belt to a transfer station C whereat a sheet of copy paper is moved between a transfer roller and the belt at a speed in synchronism with the moving belt in order to accomplish transfer of the developed image solely by an electrical bias on the transfer roller.
  • a sheet transport mechanism generally indicated at 17, adapted to transport sheets of paper from a paper handling mechanism, generally indicated by the reference numeral 18, to the developed image on the belt at the station C.
  • roller assembly generally indicated as 30, comprised of end plates 32 and 34 which receive rollers 36, 38, 40, 42 and 44 as more clearly hereinafter described.
  • the end plates 32 and 34 are provided with a plurality of holes 46 for mounting the roller assembly within the developer assembly 15 of the machine.
  • the roller 36 is comprised of a cylindrical sleeve 48 of a roughened surface formed of a non-magnetizable material and extending almost the length of the housing of the developing assembly, as illustrated in the aforementioned copending application of Latone et al.
  • One end of the sleeve 48 is closed by a cap 50 which supports a drive shaft 52 in co-axial alignment with the sleeve 48.
  • the other end of the sleeve 48 is closed by a cap 54 having an orifice 56 through which extends a shaft 58.
  • Suitable bearing means 60 and 62 are provided on the shaft 58 which cooperates with inner bearing surfaces formed in the end caps 50 and 54, respectively, to permit the sleeve 48 to rotate about shaft 58.
  • elongated bar magnets and 72 extending nearly the fully length of the sleeve 48 and suitably affixed to the shaft 58, such as by welding.
  • a roller 38 constituting one of the remaining rollers of the roller assembly 30, and is comprised of a cylindrical sleeve 82 of a roughened surface formed of non-magnetizable material and coextensive with sleeve 48 of the roller 36.
  • One end of the sleeve 82 is closed by a cap 84 which supports a drive shaft 86.
  • the other end of the sleeve 82 is closed by a cap 88 having an orifice 90 through'which extends a shaft 92.
  • Suitable bearing means 94 and 96 are provided on the shaft 92 which cooperates with inner bearing surfaces fomed in caps 84 and 88, respectively, to permit the sleeve 82 to rotate about the shaft 92.
  • an elongated bar magnet 98 extending nearly the full length of the sleeve 82 and suitably affixed to the shaft 92.
  • the drive shaft of the rollers 36, 38, 40, 42 and 44 are suitably mounted in bearings in end plate 32.
  • the ends of the drive shafts 52 and 86 of the roller 36 and rollers 38, 40, 42 and 44 extending beyond the end plate 32 are provided with sprockets 102 and 104, respectively, suitably affixed to their respective drive shaft, such as by pins 106.
  • the shafts 58 and 92 of the roller 36 and rollers 38, 40, 42 and 44, respectively, are keyed in end plate 34 by a flatened surface K formed on the ends of the shafts.
  • a bias strap 108 is mounted to the ends ofthe shafts ofthe rollers 36, 38, 40, 42 and 44, such as by screws 109 threaded into the screw receiving means formed in the ends of the shaft.
  • the strap 108 is connected by a conductor 110 to a suitable current source to bias the roller assembly 30 in operation.
  • rollers 36, 38, 40, 42 and 44 are caused to rotate by a endless chain (not shown) engaging the sprockets affixed to the shafts of the respective rollers and driven by drive means (not shown) while the bar magnets in each roller remain stationary.
  • a endless chain (not shown) engaging the sprockets affixed to the shafts of the respective rollers and driven by drive means (not shown) while the bar magnets in each roller remain stationary.
  • a brush roller assembly which comprises:
  • a rotatable sleeve member having first and second support shafts projecting from each end thereof, said first support shaft being secured to said sleeve member and rotatable therewith, said second support shaft being rotatable relative to said sleeve member and including a portion projecting within said sleeve member; magnet means within said sleeve .member on said second support shaft portion;
  • a first end member adapted to rotatably support said first support shaft
  • a second end member adapted to non-rotatably support said second support shaft, said first and second end members being mounted within said machine such that said sleeve member is disposed in operative juxtaposition to the photoconductive surface; and t conductor means electrically coupled to said sleeve member through said second sleeve supporting shaft and said bearing means whereby to supply bias directly to said sleeve without slip rings.
  • the apparatus as defined in claim 2 including means to rotate said first support shafts and the roller assembly sleeves secured thereto in the direction of movement of the photoconductive surface.
  • said magnet means includes a pair of operating magnets for one of said roller assemblies, said magnet means for said other roller assemblies comprising one magnet.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Discharging, Photosensitive Material Shape In Electrophotography (AREA)
US00220965A 1972-01-26 1972-01-26 Magnetic brush assembly Expired - Lifetime US3823688A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE794507D BE794507A (fr) 1972-01-26 Dispositif a brosses magnetiques
US00220965A US3823688A (en) 1972-01-26 1972-01-26 Magnetic brush assembly
CA161,520A CA989607A (en) 1972-01-26 1973-01-17 Magnetic brush assembly
FR7302247A FR2169143B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1972-01-26 1973-01-23
SE7301014A SE382698B (sv) 1972-01-26 1973-01-25 Magnetiskt borstframkallaraggregat.
NL7301120A NL174402C (nl) 1972-01-26 1973-01-25 Ontwikkelinrichting met magnetische borstel.
GB378973A GB1394502A (en) 1972-01-26 1973-01-25 Magnetic brush assembly
IT1960673A IT993550B (it) 1972-01-26 1973-01-25 Apparecchiatura sviluppatrice a spazzola magnetica per applicare materiale sviluppatore ad una superficie fotoconduttiva
BR73640A BR7300640D0 (pt) 1972-01-26 1973-01-26 Um conjunto de escovar aperfeicoado
DE19732303864 DE2303864C3 (de) 1972-01-26 1973-01-26 Bürste einer magnetischen Bürstenentwicklungsvorrichtung für elektrostatische Reproduziermaschinen
JP1093773A JPS5629272B2 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1972-01-26 1973-01-26

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00220965A US3823688A (en) 1972-01-26 1972-01-26 Magnetic brush assembly

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3823688A true US3823688A (en) 1974-07-16

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US00220965A Expired - Lifetime US3823688A (en) 1972-01-26 1972-01-26 Magnetic brush assembly

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Country Link
US (1) US3823688A (enrdf_load_html_response)
BR (1) BR7300640D0 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2169143B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3863603A (en) * 1974-01-07 1975-02-04 Ibm Magnetic brush roll having resilient polymeric surface
FR2362429A1 (fr) * 1976-08-18 1978-03-17 Ricoh Kk Unite de developpement du type a brosse magnetique pour un appareil de reprographie par voie electrophotographique
EP0065305A3 (de) * 1981-05-18 1983-08-03 Irodagépipari és Finommechanikai Vállalat Magnetbürstenentwicklungsvorrichtung zum Entwickeln elektrostatischer Ladungsbilder
US5465138A (en) * 1994-08-29 1995-11-07 Xerox Corporation Development apparatus having a spincast roll assembly

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2902974A (en) * 1956-06-14 1959-09-08 Ibm Latent electrostatic image developing apparatus
US3040704A (en) * 1957-04-16 1962-06-26 Rca Corp Apparatus for developing electrostatic printing
US3152924A (en) * 1961-05-24 1964-10-13 Robertson Photo Mechanix Inc Xerographic brush
US3219014A (en) * 1962-12-04 1965-11-23 Xerox Corp Mechanical shield to protect magnetic core in xerographic developing apparatus
US3328193A (en) * 1962-10-02 1967-06-27 Australia Res Lab Method of and means for the transfer of images
US3455276A (en) * 1967-05-23 1969-07-15 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Magnetically responsive powder applicator
US3574301A (en) * 1969-04-02 1971-04-13 Xerox Corp Developing apparatus
US3575139A (en) * 1969-06-04 1971-04-20 Xerox Corp Electrostatic magnetic developer unit gating apparatus
US3641980A (en) * 1969-10-20 1972-02-15 Xerox Corp Development apparatus
US3654893A (en) * 1970-05-01 1972-04-11 Eastman Kodak Co Automatic bias control for electrostatic development
US3674532A (en) * 1970-07-23 1972-07-04 Eastman Kodak Co Control for bias of magnetic brush and method
US3697050A (en) * 1970-12-14 1972-10-10 Xerox Corp Cross-mixing baffle

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3354802A (en) * 1964-07-22 1967-11-28 Savin Business Machines Corp Toner monitoring system for electrostatic copier

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2902974A (en) * 1956-06-14 1959-09-08 Ibm Latent electrostatic image developing apparatus
US3040704A (en) * 1957-04-16 1962-06-26 Rca Corp Apparatus for developing electrostatic printing
US3152924A (en) * 1961-05-24 1964-10-13 Robertson Photo Mechanix Inc Xerographic brush
US3328193A (en) * 1962-10-02 1967-06-27 Australia Res Lab Method of and means for the transfer of images
US3219014A (en) * 1962-12-04 1965-11-23 Xerox Corp Mechanical shield to protect magnetic core in xerographic developing apparatus
US3455276A (en) * 1967-05-23 1969-07-15 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Magnetically responsive powder applicator
US3574301A (en) * 1969-04-02 1971-04-13 Xerox Corp Developing apparatus
US3575139A (en) * 1969-06-04 1971-04-20 Xerox Corp Electrostatic magnetic developer unit gating apparatus
US3641980A (en) * 1969-10-20 1972-02-15 Xerox Corp Development apparatus
US3654893A (en) * 1970-05-01 1972-04-11 Eastman Kodak Co Automatic bias control for electrostatic development
US3674532A (en) * 1970-07-23 1972-07-04 Eastman Kodak Co Control for bias of magnetic brush and method
US3697050A (en) * 1970-12-14 1972-10-10 Xerox Corp Cross-mixing baffle

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3863603A (en) * 1974-01-07 1975-02-04 Ibm Magnetic brush roll having resilient polymeric surface
FR2362429A1 (fr) * 1976-08-18 1978-03-17 Ricoh Kk Unite de developpement du type a brosse magnetique pour un appareil de reprographie par voie electrophotographique
US4128079A (en) * 1976-08-18 1978-12-05 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Mounting apparatus for a drum and developing roll in a developing unit of magnetic brush type
EP0065305A3 (de) * 1981-05-18 1983-08-03 Irodagépipari és Finommechanikai Vállalat Magnetbürstenentwicklungsvorrichtung zum Entwickeln elektrostatischer Ladungsbilder
US5465138A (en) * 1994-08-29 1995-11-07 Xerox Corporation Development apparatus having a spincast roll assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2169143B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1976-11-05
BR7300640D0 (pt) 1973-09-20
FR2169143A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1973-09-07

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