US3818004A - Production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate - Google Patents
Production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3818004A US3818004A US00322379A US32237973A US3818004A US 3818004 A US3818004 A US 3818004A US 00322379 A US00322379 A US 00322379A US 32237973 A US32237973 A US 32237973A US 3818004 A US3818004 A US 3818004A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- sodium dichloroisocyanurate
- water
- dihydrate
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/20—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen
- D06L4/22—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen using inorganic agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/20—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen
Definitions
- the product When at least about 11 percent of water has been added (half dihydrate half monohydrate), the product is-sufficiently stable so that the material will not selfpropagate additional heat when subjected to a source of intense heat, such as a hot wire. More than minimal quantities of free moisture (that above 14.1 percent) should be avoided, as free moisture tends to react with the product.
- the maximum temperature for safe operation is 50C; I prefer to operate at 40C or less. Any temperature above the freezing point of water is operable, although temperatures below ambient are uneconomic.
- Typical of the apparatus which can be used to effect hydration is the Patterson-Kelly liquid-cooled Twin Shell Liquids-Solids Blender. I have also successfully used a fine spray of water'directed into a cooled ribbon blender in which the anhydrous material was being agitated, a rotating tray with air cooling, and a vibrating Sweco screen.
- the dihydrate is quite stable at temperatures well above 50C, so that the temperature control can be eased once hydration is complete. However, it is generally convenient to maintain temperature control through most of the reaction period.
- the product is hydrated to the point where it does not burn, i.e., where it contains at least about 1 1.0 percent of water. It may contain up to about 14.1 percent of water; more than a minor quantity of free water should be avoided.
- Example 1 An 8 quart Patterson-Kelly Twin-Shell air-cooled Liquids-Solids Blender was charged with 2,268 grams of anhydrous granular sodium dichloroisocyanurate (20 mesh).
- Example 2 Example 1 was repeated, hydrating to monohydrate, 11.0 percent water, and 12 percent water. The products were tested, along with the anhydrous material, by embedding an 18-gage nichrome wire in a 25 gram sample, and passing a current through the wire for several seconds, until the material in contact with the wire was decomposed. The current was then turned off.
- roisocyanurate containing less than 1 1 percent by weight of water under such conditions that the temperature of the mix is maintained above the freezing point of water and not in excess of 50C, to obtain a product containing between 1 1 percent and 14.1 percent by weight of water of hydration.
Abstract
Anhydrous sodium dichloroisocyanurate is converted to the relatively stable dihydrate by controlled hydration under conditions which keep the temperature above freezing and not in excess of 40*C.
Description
States Patent [1 1 EJite Berkowitz June 18, 1974 PRODUCTION OF SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE DIHYDRATE [75] Inventor: Sidney Berkowitz, Highland Park,
[73] Assignee: FMC Corporation, New York, NY.
[56] References Cited 7 UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,035,056 5/1962 Symes 260/248 Primary Examiner-John M. Ford [57] ABSTRACT Anhydrous sodium dichloroisocyanurate is converted to the relatively stable dihydrate by controlled hydration under conditions which keep the temperature above freezing and not in excess of 40C.
1 Claim, No Drawings PRODUCTION OF SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE DIHYDRATE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to the production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate from the anhydrous salt.
2. Prior Art The various dichloroisocyanurates are well-known materials which are widely used as a source of available chlorine in solid bleach and detergent compositions. Of these, the sodium salt is the most widely used. It is known to exist in the anhydrous form as the monohydrate (approximately 7.6 percent water of hydration by weight) and the dihydrate (14.1 percent combined water) see, for example, Symes US. Pat. Nos. 3,035,056 and 3,035,057 of May 15, 1962.
Most sodium dichloroisocyanurate is currently being sold in the anhydrous form. Despite the fact that the anhydrous salts are thermally stable to about 200C, when subjected to an intense source of heat, e.g., burning match, or cigarette butt, a progressive decomposition is initiated which results ultimately in destroying the entire mass. One method for handling this stability problem has been to include an inert filler with the salt to the extent of at least 30 percent by weight see, for example, Fuchs et al., US. Pat. No. 3,175,206. However, the inclusion of such large amounts of inert fillers is highly undesirable because of its additional handling,
shipping and packaging costs for substantial amounts of STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION I have discovered that conventional anhydrous or 1 partially hydrated sodium dichloroisocyanurate can be converted to a storage-stable product'which is mainly dihydrate by slowly adding the necessary amount of water to the solid anhydrous product while it is being agitated and cooled to a temperature above the freezing point, and not in excess of C, preferably no more than 40C.
When at least about 11 percent of water has been added (half dihydrate half monohydrate), the product is-sufficiently stable so that the material will not selfpropagate additional heat when subjected to a source of intense heat, such as a hot wire. More than minimal quantities of free moisture (that above 14.1 percent) should be avoided, as free moisture tends to react with the product.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Any solid commercial anhydrous sodium dichloroisocyanurate can be used in the practice of this invention, as well as partially hydrated material which is subject to progressive thermally initiated decomposition.
at a temperature below the decomposition point, can be used. The maximum temperature for safe operation is 50C; I prefer to operate at 40C or less. Any temperature above the freezing point of water is operable, although temperatures below ambient are uneconomic.
Typical of the apparatus which can be used to effect hydration is the Patterson-Kelly liquid-cooled Twin Shell Liquids-Solids Blender. I have also successfully used a fine spray of water'directed into a cooled ribbon blender in which the anhydrous material was being agitated, a rotating tray with air cooling, and a vibrating Sweco screen.
The dihydrate is quite stable at temperatures well above 50C, so that the temperature control can be eased once hydration is complete. However, it is generally convenient to maintain temperature control through most of the reaction period.
As indicated above, the product is hydrated to the point where it does not burn, i.e., where it contains at least about 1 1.0 percent of water. It may contain up to about 14.1 percent of water; more than a minor quantity of free water should be avoided.
EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION Typical examples of the invention are given here by way of illustration, and not by way of limitation. All percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified.
Example 1 An 8 quart Patterson-Kelly Twin-Shell air-cooled Liquids-Solids Blender was charged with 2,268 grams of anhydrous granular sodium dichloroisocyanurate (20 mesh).
371 milliliters of water was added rapidly through an intensifier bar into the rotating material. The reaction temperature rose to45C. After the water addition was complete, blending was continued for an additional 30 minutes. The resultant dihydrate was a granular (-20 +70 mesh) odorless, free-flowing, dust-free material which assayed 55.2 percent available chlorine, theory 55.4 percent and 14.0 percent H O. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated the product to be essentially pure so dium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate,
Example 2 Example 1 was repeated, hydrating to monohydrate, 11.0 percent water, and 12 percent water. The products were tested, along with the anhydrous material, by embedding an 18-gage nichrome wire in a 25 gram sample, and passing a current through the wire for several seconds, until the material in contact with the wire was decomposed. The current was then turned off.
The reaction in the anhydrous material and monohydrate continued to complete decomposition, rapidly. At 1 1 percent water, the reaction continued to completion, but very slowly; this seems the threshold value for safety. In the 12 percent and dihydrate samples, further decomposition stopped when the current was shut off.
roisocyanurate containing less than 1 1 percent by weight of water under such conditions that the temperature of the mix is maintained above the freezing point of water and not in excess of 50C, to obtain a product containing between 1 1 percent and 14.1 percent by weight of water of hydration.
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00322379A US3818004A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1973-01-10 | Production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate |
CA188,766A CA1010450A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1973-12-21 | Production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate |
JP49005016A JPS4995986A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-07 | |
BE139629A BE809522A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-08 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE STABLE IN STORAGE |
IT19191/74A IT1006796B (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-08 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE DIHYDRATE |
CH18674A CH583717A5 (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-08 | |
FR7400739A FR2323687A1 (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-09 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE STABLE IN STORAGE |
SE7400280A SE410601B (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-09 | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING A STORAGE STABLE HYDRATED SODIUM DICHLORISOCYANURATE PRODUCT |
DE2400959A DE2400959A1 (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-09 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE DIHYDRATE |
GB98474A GB1418426A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-09 | Production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate |
NL7400283A NL7400283A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-09 | |
ZA740186A ZA74186B (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-10 | Production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate |
ES422159A ES422159A1 (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1974-01-10 | Production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00322379A US3818004A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1973-01-10 | Production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3818004A true US3818004A (en) | 1974-06-18 |
Family
ID=23254633
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00322379A Expired - Lifetime US3818004A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1973-01-10 | Production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3818004A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4995986A (en) |
BE (1) | BE809522A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1010450A (en) |
CH (1) | CH583717A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2400959A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES422159A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2323687A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1418426A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1006796B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7400283A (en) |
SE (1) | SE410601B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA74186B (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3985744A (en) * | 1973-03-19 | 1976-10-12 | Fmc Corporation | Production of granular sodium dichloroisocyanurate |
US4182871A (en) * | 1978-02-27 | 1980-01-08 | Niro Atomizer A/S | Process for spray drying sodium dichloroisocyanurate |
US4247988A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-02-03 | Fmc Corporation | Process for removing excess water from active chlorine compounds |
US4503225A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1985-03-05 | Chemie Linz Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the preparation of free-flowing, coarsely crystalline sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3035056A (en) * | 1962-05-15 | Potassium dichloroisocyanurate |
-
1973
- 1973-01-10 US US00322379A patent/US3818004A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-12-21 CA CA188,766A patent/CA1010450A/en not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-01-07 JP JP49005016A patent/JPS4995986A/ja active Pending
- 1974-01-08 CH CH18674A patent/CH583717A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-01-08 IT IT19191/74A patent/IT1006796B/en active
- 1974-01-08 BE BE139629A patent/BE809522A/en unknown
- 1974-01-09 SE SE7400280A patent/SE410601B/en unknown
- 1974-01-09 NL NL7400283A patent/NL7400283A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-01-09 GB GB98474A patent/GB1418426A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-01-09 FR FR7400739A patent/FR2323687A1/en active Granted
- 1974-01-09 DE DE2400959A patent/DE2400959A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-01-10 ES ES422159A patent/ES422159A1/en not_active Expired
- 1974-01-10 ZA ZA740186A patent/ZA74186B/en unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3035056A (en) * | 1962-05-15 | Potassium dichloroisocyanurate |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3985744A (en) * | 1973-03-19 | 1976-10-12 | Fmc Corporation | Production of granular sodium dichloroisocyanurate |
US4182871A (en) * | 1978-02-27 | 1980-01-08 | Niro Atomizer A/S | Process for spray drying sodium dichloroisocyanurate |
US4247988A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-02-03 | Fmc Corporation | Process for removing excess water from active chlorine compounds |
US4503225A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1985-03-05 | Chemie Linz Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the preparation of free-flowing, coarsely crystalline sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS4995986A (en) | 1974-09-11 |
ZA74186B (en) | 1974-11-27 |
CA1010450A (en) | 1977-05-17 |
DE2400959A1 (en) | 1974-07-18 |
CH583717A5 (en) | 1977-01-14 |
BE809522A (en) | 1974-07-08 |
FR2323687B1 (en) | 1978-02-17 |
GB1418426A (en) | 1975-12-17 |
FR2323687A1 (en) | 1977-04-08 |
ES422159A1 (en) | 1976-04-16 |
NL7400283A (en) | 1974-07-12 |
SE410601B (en) | 1979-10-22 |
IT1006796B (en) | 1976-10-20 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OLIN CORPORATION, 120 LONG RIDGE ROAD, STAMFORD, C Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:FMC CORPORATION, 2000 MARKET STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA., A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004467/0590 Effective date: 19850816 |