US3808467A - Effective voltage stabilizer - Google Patents

Effective voltage stabilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3808467A
US3808467A US00314456A US31445672A US3808467A US 3808467 A US3808467 A US 3808467A US 00314456 A US00314456 A US 00314456A US 31445672 A US31445672 A US 31445672A US 3808467 A US3808467 A US 3808467A
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United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
output
effective
capacitor
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00314456A
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English (en)
Inventor
Y Kawashima
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Denso Corp
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NipponDenso Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/01—Details
    • H03K3/015—Modifications of generator to maintain energy constant

Definitions

  • An object of the present invention is to provide a voltage stabilizer in which the effective-voltage of a square-wave output is controlled constant and hence the power consumption in an output transistor for controlling an input voltage is decreased.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a voltage stabilizer which is easily fabricated in an IC circuit form and have long service life.
  • a further object of the present invention is toprovide a voltage stabilizer capable of stabilizing the effectivevoltage of a square-wave output with practical accuracy.
  • an effective-voltage stabilizer comprising an output transistor for on-off controlling an input voltage to generate a square-wave output, an
  • FIG. 1 is an electrical circuit diagram of a conventional bimetal-type voltage stabilizer.
  • FIG. 2 is an electrical circuit diagram of a conventional transistor-type voltage stabilizer used in a meter.
  • FIG. 3 is an electrical circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an electrical circuit diagram to be used for comparison to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic electrical connection diagram of the-present device to be used in the description of the effective-voltage of a square-wave output according to the present device.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of an output voltage waveform to be used in the description of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an experimental characteristic curve of an example of the present device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simple bimetal-type voltage regulator indicated in block A, which comprises contacts 1, a bimetal strip 2, a heater wire 3, a resistance wire 4, an indicator formed of a bimetal strip 5, a thermistor 6, an
  • a voltage stabilizer (regulator) is indicated by A and includes a switching circuit B and a constant current circuit C for stabilizing an input current of the switching circuit B.
  • the constant current circuit C consists of a resistor 14, a Zener diode 15, and a transistor 16.
  • An output transistor circuit 10 consists of a Darlington connection of two transistors 10a and 17 and is controlled by the circuit consisting of a Darlington connection of two transistors 18 and '19.
  • Numerals 20 and 21 are biassing resistors.
  • level shifting circuit D is formed of level-shifting diodes 22,23 and 24 and a transistor 25.
  • a switching voltage detecting circuit E is formed of a Schmitt circuit comprising two transistors 27.and 28, two collector resistors 26 and 29, and a common emitter resistor 30.
  • a temperature compensating circuit F is formed of a transistor 32 provided with an emitter resistor 31, two diodes 33 and 34, and two bias resistors 35 and 36.
  • An impedance transforming circuit G for detecting voltage G is formed of a Darlington connection of two transistors 37 and 38 provided with an emitter resistance 39, and forms an emittenfollower circuit for the abovementioned Schmitt circuit.
  • An output voltage compensating circuit H is formed of a diode 40, four resistors 41, 42, 43 and 44, and a capacitor 45.
  • the switching circuit B can be formed by various methods.
  • a charging current is allowed to flow by a voltage appearing at the output terminal 8 through the diode 40 and the resistor 41 in the output voltage compensating circuit H to the capacitor 45.
  • the transistor 28 of the switching voltage detecting circuit E becomes conductive and this transistor 27 becomes of a high level, i.e., its cut-off state.
  • the level shifting circuit D including the three diodes 22, 23 and 24 and the transistor 25 the voltage at the interconnection of the resistors 20 and 21 is increased and the transistors 18 and 19 connected in Darlington connection are turned into their conductive states.
  • the output transistor circuit 10 is rendered to be cut off.
  • the output transistor circuit 10 When the output transistor circuit 10 is cut off, the voltage at the output terminal 8 becomes zero. Then, in the output voltage compensating circuit the capacitor 45 discharges through two resistors 42 and 43. When the voltage across the capacitor 45 decreases below a predetermined value, said switching voltage detecting circuit E is reversed and the output transistor circuit 10 returns to the conductive state.
  • the line voltage (power source voltage) for said switching voltage detecting circuit E is fixed by the constant current circuit C comprising the resistor 14, the Zener diode l5 and the transistor 16. Therefore, it does not vary even when a DC voltage applied between the terminals 7 and 9 is varied.
  • the temperature compensation of this switching voltage detecting circuit E can be achieved by the temperature compensating circuit F in which the forward voltage drop of the two diodes 33 and 34 varies depending on the temperature and hence the base current of the transistor 32 is varied to achieve the temperature compensation.
  • the emitter-follower circuit G comprising two transistors 37 and 38 and the emitter resistor 39 func tions to isolate the impedance on the Schmitt circuit side from that on the output voltage compensating circuit side and accordingly, the impedance on the switching voltage detecting circuit E side does not influence the charging and discharging time constant of the capacitor 45 in the output voltage compensating circuit I-I.
  • the voltage between input terminals'7 and 9 is V (volts)
  • the resistances of the five resistors 41, 42, 43, 44 and 47 are R (ohms), r1 (ohms), r2 (ohms), p (ohms) and r (ohms)
  • the capacitance of the capacitor 45 is C (Farads)
  • the switching circuit B drives the output transistor circuit to be cut off when the voltage at a terminal 48 is V,, (volts) and to be conductive when the voltage at the terminal 48 is (V, AV), and that V, AV and the saturation voltage of the output transistor 10 and the voltage drop in the diode 40 are negligible
  • the efi'ective-voltage at the terminal 8 of the voltage stabilizer of FIG. 4 Val is calculated. If the time periods during which the output transistor circuit 10 is conductive andcut ofiare set t and t as shown in the output voltage waveform of FIG. 6, respectively,
  • a resistor of a sufficiently small resistance compared to .R is connected between the terminals 8 and 9.
  • 1 and t are the time periods required for the voltage at the terminal 45 to rise from V, A V) to V and to drop from V,, to (V AV) by the charge and discharge of the capacitor 45.
  • AV is sufi'iciently small in comparison to V and thus a (V0 cl' am 1 AV- C/I,
  • equation 1 becomes V g VI /I i- (6)
  • the effective-voltage of the square-wave output appearing at the output terminal 8 in the output voltagecompensating circuit of FIG. 5 V is calculated in the similar manner.
  • the charging current I flowing into the capacitor 45 is f o)/ [(m p)' n "2' l/ 1' a (n- The discharging current 1, 5 flowing from the capacitor 45 when the output transistor circuit 10 is cut off, is
  • a contactless transistor type voltage stabilizer capable of providing a square-wave output can be achieved, power consumption in a transistor can be decreased to reduce the cost, and loads such as a meter connected to this stabilizer can be operated with high precision by stabilizing the effective-voltage of the square-wave output.
  • An effective-voltage stabilizer device comprising input terminal means for receiving an input voltage, output terminal means for connection to a load, an output transistor circuit coupling the input terminal means to the output terminal means, said output transistor circuit having a control input and having a conductive and a non-conductive condition responsive to said control input, an output voltage compensating circuit coupled to said output terminal means, said output voltage compensating circuit including a capacitor adapted to charge through said output transistor circuit when said output transistor circuit is in a conductive state and to discharge when said outputtransistor circuit is in said non-conductive state, and a switching controlling circuitresponsive to the state of chargeon said capacitor for generating a switching control signal, coupling means for coupling said switching control signal to said control input of said output transistor circuit for controlling the conductive state thereof, and in which said output voltage compensating circuit includes a series resistance circuit connected in parallel across said capacitor, in series connection circuit of a diode and a resistor, connected between the output terminal means and said series resistance, and a resistor connected between one connection point in said series resistance circuit and the input terminal
  • An effective-voltage stabilizer device in which said series resistance circuit comprises a series connection of first and second resistors, and in which the resistance of said resistor connected in series with said-diode between the output terminal means being relatively large compared to that of the load, and the resistance of the'resistor connected between one connection point in said series resistance circuit and the input terminal means being larger than that 4.
  • An effective-voltage stabilizer device including an emitter follower circuit and in which said emitter follower circuit is connected between said capacitor and said Schmitt circuit for maintaining the time constant of charging or discharging of said capacitor constant.
  • An effective-voltage stabilizer device including a constant current source provided between said input terminal means and said output transistor circuit and in which said constant current source is coupled to said switching controlling circuit for supplying an output voltage to said switching controlling circuit as the power voltage source.
  • An effective-voltage stabilizer device in which said output transistor circuit includes a Darlington circuit.
  • a constant effective-voltage power source circuit comprising a constant current circuit, an output transistor circuit connected to said constant current circuit for on-off controlling an input voltage, an output voltage compensating circuit connected to both .said constant current circuit and said output transistor circuit, a switching circuit connected to said output voltage compensating circuit for controlling the on-off state of said transistor circuit according to a voltage established in said compensating circuit, and output terminals connected to said compensating circuit whereon the effective voltage across said output terminals is maintained substantially constant.
  • said output voltage compensating circuit comprises a capacitor, a series resistance circuit connected in parallel across said capacitor, a series connection circuit of a diode and a resistor, connected between the output side of said output semiconductor circuit and series resistance circuit, and a resistor connected between one connection point in said series resistance circuit and the'input side of said output semiconductor circuit.

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US00314456A 1971-12-14 1972-12-12 Effective voltage stabilizer Expired - Lifetime US3808467A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10171871A JPS5320100B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-14 1971-12-14

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US3808467A true US3808467A (en) 1974-04-30

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US (1) US3808467A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5320100B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3985970A (en) * 1975-04-11 1976-10-12 Societe Lignes Telegraphiques Et Telephoniques Regeneration of signalling pulses

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60129891U (ja) * 1984-02-09 1985-08-31 株式会社富士通ゼネラル スイツチングレギユレ−タ
JPS63294256A (ja) * 1987-05-26 1988-11-30 ユ　チン　ツアイ 磁学原理不用で交流電圧から直接直流電圧を取得する高効率方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3265956A (en) * 1962-11-20 1966-08-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical apparatus
US3286157A (en) * 1961-04-20 1966-11-15 Cit Alcatel Device for the stabilization of d.c. voltage
US3321698A (en) * 1963-12-09 1967-05-23 Lorain Prod Corp Voltage regulator circuitry
US3368139A (en) * 1964-08-04 1968-02-06 Gulton Ind Inc Switching mode series voltage regulator
US3571626A (en) * 1968-12-30 1971-03-23 Sylvania Electric Prod Integrator-schmitt trigger circuit
US3582762A (en) * 1968-04-27 1971-06-01 Nippon Denso Co Integrated circuit semiconductor-type voltage regulator and charging generator apparatus equipped with the same
US3671852A (en) * 1971-09-01 1972-06-20 Hewlett Packard Co Series transistor power supply regulator
US3707635A (en) * 1969-12-16 1972-12-26 Nippon Denso Co Constant effective voltage power source circuit

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3286157A (en) * 1961-04-20 1966-11-15 Cit Alcatel Device for the stabilization of d.c. voltage
US3265956A (en) * 1962-11-20 1966-08-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical apparatus
US3321698A (en) * 1963-12-09 1967-05-23 Lorain Prod Corp Voltage regulator circuitry
US3368139A (en) * 1964-08-04 1968-02-06 Gulton Ind Inc Switching mode series voltage regulator
US3582762A (en) * 1968-04-27 1971-06-01 Nippon Denso Co Integrated circuit semiconductor-type voltage regulator and charging generator apparatus equipped with the same
US3571626A (en) * 1968-12-30 1971-03-23 Sylvania Electric Prod Integrator-schmitt trigger circuit
US3707635A (en) * 1969-12-16 1972-12-26 Nippon Denso Co Constant effective voltage power source circuit
US3671852A (en) * 1971-09-01 1972-06-20 Hewlett Packard Co Series transistor power supply regulator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3985970A (en) * 1975-04-11 1976-10-12 Societe Lignes Telegraphiques Et Telephoniques Regeneration of signalling pulses

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4864454A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-06
JPS5320100B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-06-24

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