US380714A - Combined center - Google Patents

Description

2 SheetsSheet 1.

(No Model.)

H. W. EVANS.

COMBINED CENTER, T, AND TRY SQUARE, BBVEL, AND GLINOMETER.

No. 880,714. Patented Apr. 10, 1888.

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H. W. EVANS COMBINED CENTER, T, AND TRY SQUARE BEVEL, AND GLINOMETER. No. 380,714. Patented Apr. 10, '1888.

WITNESSES: INVENTUR:

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UNITED STATES HAMPTON W. EVANS, OF PH COMBINED CENTER, 1', AND TRY PATENT OFFICE.

ILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

SQUARE, BEVEL, AND CLINOMETER.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent NO. 380,714, dated April 10, 1888.

Application filed November 29, 1887. Serial No. 256,373. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HAMPTON W. EVANS, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Phila= delphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Universal Squares, of which the following is a specification.

The principal object of my invention is to provide an instrument or device that may be readily adjusted to any angle desired and provided with removable means, whereby said in strument may be used as a center-square as well as a miter-square, try-square, graduated bevel, clinometer, T-square, &c.

My invention consists of an instrument or device constructed substantially in the manner hereinafter described.

The nature of my invention will be fully understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein I have illustrated the same in forms in which it is capable of performing certain functions, and in which-* Figure 1 represents perspectively the sev eral parts detached constituting my improved device. instrument when used as a center-square. Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the hingejoint of the device, and also showing the means for clamping the graduated rule to said device and adjusting the same to any desired angle for performing its several functions or uses. Fig. 4 is a top or plan view of the instrument when used as a trysquare, and also indicating in dotted lines the use thereof as a mitersquare. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the device when used as a clinometer; and Fig. 6

is a similar view of the device, showing its application as a graduated bevel.

Referring to the drawings for a further de scription of my invention, A and A are two triangular shaped metallic pieces. These two pieces are hinged together in the manner to be presently described, and form what is termed the head or stock of the device. These triangular=shaped pieces A and A are provided with checks at and a, and at their rear extremities are formed right-angular shoulders to and a The triangular-shaped piece A on the bottom is provided with a narrow flange or rim, to, extending along the inner edge from Fig. 2 is a plan or top view of the inner edge of this metallic piece A and ten minating in an acute angular projection having an adjustingscrew, is, mounted therein.

To the inner side of the cheek a is formed a projection or shoulder, a having an adj ustingscrew, a", therein. Contiguous to the shoulder a is a curved seat, m, with a threaded opening, a, located centrally therein, and con tiguous thereto is a small opening, a for the reception of one of the free extremities of a in proper position above said curved seat a". The rear extremity of the piece A is formed in the shape of a disk, A with a recessed opening, at, therein, as shown in Fig. 3, for receiving a washer, a, fitted to a stud, b, cut away to receive it in a manner to be presently fully described.

The triangular-shaped metallic piece A is provided with an outer cheek, a, and terminating in a right-angular shoulder, (t and this piece A has on its inner edge a flange or rim, at", extending from .the outer extremity to about the middle of the edge of the piece A and terminating in an angular projection, a. The cheek a of this piece A is cut away near its rear extremity,at an angle of forty-five degrees thereto, with an inner angular projection, a, as shown in Fig. 1, and in this angular projection is inserted an adjusting-screw, Z. The triangular-shaped piece A beneath the cheek a has formed therein an oblong opening for the reception of a'glass bulb, B, and in the cheek and side of the piece A are provided oblong openings b and b for observing the spirit level or bulb. The rear extremity of the piece A has formed therewith a disk, A ,with a recessed opening, a; therein for the reception therewith, an enlarged shouldered head, b, with two or more openings, b. This stud b has its lower portion cut away to receive a metallic or other suitable Washer, a, con forming to the shape of the lower portion of the stud b and when secured to place for permittingthis stud provided with a threaded shank, b carrying a nut, to turn freely in the recessed openings a and a of the disks A and A The two triangulanshaped pieces A and A Q the outer extremity to about the middle of the coiled spring, a through which a screw, a", is inserted for holding a clamping plate, a",

of a stud, b having formed,preferably integral being placed in their normal position, a light washer, of metal or other material, may be placed between the two disks A and Afland the stud bflcarrying the shouldered head bZinserted through the openings a and a. A washer, a, is then fitted onto the lower portion of said stud, and a nut, b, screwed onto the threaded shank b thereof until this nut rests snugly up against said washer a. A semicircular clamp-' ing-plate, 0, having two or more dowels, c, is now mounted in the shouldered head,with the dowels 0 thereof fitting into the openings I), provided to receive them in said head If, and this plate,tightened and loosened by means of a thumb-screw, 0 passing through said plate into the shouldered head. This semicircular clamping-plate c is preferably provided with beveled-off edges and a depending rib or lip, c, in the under surface thereof. The enlarged circular head b formed with the stud b, is cut away from the center line to the outer periphery thereof for the reception of a graduated rule, I), having a central longitudinal concave groove therein. In this groove the lip or rib c of the semicircular clampingplate c is made to engage for holding the rule firmly up against the centerline or edge of the shouldered head b The disks A and A formed integral with the two-part head or stock, project beyond the shoulders a and a of the cheeks a and a of the device, the periphery of each of which is graduated, preferably, from zero to ninety degrees, whereby the two-part stock may be readily set at any angle desired, and when secured the screw a may be tightened, thereby forcing the curved plate a down snugly onto the shouldered head 6 of the stud, and clamping and firmly holding the same, together with the rule D, in the desired position for use, and allowing as well the free handling of the dev1ce.

Having thus described the construction of my improved device, I will now point out more particularly some of the particular features and the several uses thereof.

In Fig. 2 I have shown my improved device in application as a center-square, in which the inner edges of each of the triangular-shaped pieces A and A, forming the stock or head of the device, are arranged in contact with a cylindrical body, H, the center of which is tobe ascertained. The graduated rule D is then placed between the shouldered head b and clamp-plate c, and held firmly in position by means of the thumbscrew c", and with the rule in the position as shown in Fig. 2, the true center of the cylindrical body H may then be readily ascertained.

In Fig. 4 I have illustrated my invention in application as a try-square, in which the blade or rule is readily clamped, as shown, in a position at a right angle to the respective cheeks a and a of the device, and thescrew a", in the right-angular shoulder a of the triangular shaped piece A, serves as a means for adjusting the blade or rule D at all times to the proper angle to the dcvicethat is to say, at a right angle to the respective cheeks thereof. With the graduated rule or blade D in the position indicated in Fig. 4, and with the spirit level or bulb in the triangular-shaped piece A, a convenient or handy plumb is presented fer use. By merely moving the graduated blade-or rule D to an angle of forty-five degrees to the device, so that one edge of the blade rests against the adjusting-screw Z in the angular projection a of the metallic piece A, a handy and convenient miter-square is formed for use.

By removing the blade or rule D from the clamping mechanism of the device, the instru ment may be used as a level, the set-screw k serving to hold the two triangular-shaped metallic pieces A and A in such a position at all times as that the respective checks at and a thereof will be parallel to each other.

In Fig. 5 I have illustrated my invention in application as a clinometer for readily ascertaining the degrees of inclined planes. My improved device or instrument may be readily arranged for performing this function by pracing the triangular-shaped metallic piece A with its check a upon the incline and causing the opposite metallic piece, A, to assume a horizontal position, and then reading off the degrees fromthe graduated peripheries of the respective disks A and A of the device for quickly ascertaining the angle ofthe incline to the horizontal plane of the device, whereby a convenient clinometer is presented for such purposes.

In Fig. 6 I have illustrated my improved device in contact with a rectangular-shaped bar, 1, showing its application as a graduated bevel. On the peripheral edge of the shouldered head I) is indicated a zero-marlr,which is arranged at a right angle to the center line, b, of the shouldered head 12. The graduated rule or blade D having been clamped between the shouldered head 11 and the clamp-plate c by means of the thumb-screw c, it is then moved by hand until the zero-mark on the edge or periphery of the shouldered head I) is in line with the mark of the'degree desired and as indicated on the periphery of the disk A of the triangular-shaped metallic piece A, when, by simply placing the device up against the rectangular-shaped bar P, a graduated bevel is presented for use.

With the blade or rule D in the position above described, by simply moving the triangularshaped piece A around on its stud one hundred and eighty degrees the blade D will be brought against the setscrew a", thereby forming the device into a convenient T-square.

It will be observed that the blade or rule D may be used on either one side or the other of the two-part stock or head of the device by simply reversing the stud with its threaded shank and nut and mechanism for clamping the blade or rule to position for use, which may be advantageous in some cases, but I give prefer- Ito 5 jects of my invention, what I claim as new,

and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The herein-described device,consisting of two triangular-shaped metallic pieces pivoted together, and a blade or rule held in position,

between a shouldered head and plate, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The hereindescribed device, consisting of two triangular-shaped pieces pivot-ed to each other and forming the stock or head thereof, a clamp-plate held in position in a shouldered head carried by the stud forming the pivotal connection of said pieces, and a blade or rule held between said clamp-plate and shouldered head by means of a thumb-screw, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. Theherein-described device, consisting of two triangular-shaped pieces pivoted together and forming the stock or head of the device, a clamp-plate held in position in a shouldered plate formed integral with a stud having a threaded shank to which a washer and nut are attached, and said means forming the pivotal connection of said two-part head, and a blade held between said shouldered plate and plate by means of a thumb-screw, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The herein-described device, consisting of a triangular-shaped two-part head or stock with disks having recessed openings therein, a clamp-plate held in position in a shouldered plate formed integral with a stud having the lower portion thereof partially cut away, and a threaded shank to which is attached a washer and nut, and arranged so as to form the pivotal connection of said two-part head, a blade held in position between said shouldered plate and plate by means of a thumb-screw, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. Theherein'described device, consisting of two triangular shaped metallic pieces with disks having recessed openings therein, means for pivoting the two metallic pieces together, a graduated blade, and means, as described, for holding the same in position, a seat formed i11- tegral with one of the triangular-shaped pieces, and a screw carrying a plate held in position by means of a spring interposed between said plate and seat, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. The herein-described device, consisting of two triangular shaped metallic pieces provided with cheeks and graduated disks having recessed openings therein, means forming the pivotal connection of said metallic pieces, a clamp-plate and thumb-screw, a blade held in position between said clamp plate and the shouldered plate of the pivotal connection, and means, as described, in the projections or flanges of said triangularshaped pieces, whereby said blade may be held in proper adjustment or position, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. Theherein-described device, consistingof two triangular shaped metallic pieces with cheeks, and having in oneofsaid piecesa bulb, and formed integralwith said pieces are two partially-graduated disks with recessed openings therein, a shouldered head provided with a stud partially cut away, and with a threaded shank fitting into the recessed openings of said disks, a washer and nut attached to said stud and the threaded shank thereof, a clamp-plate with a turneddown lip held in said shouldered head, a thumb screw fitting into said plate and head, and a blade held in position thereby but free to turn on said pivotal connnection to any angle or position to the device, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

HAMPTON W. EVANS.

Witnesses:

I. L. SULLIVAN, G. W. MoRRrsoN.

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