US3806041A - Fuel injector - Google Patents

Fuel injector Download PDF

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Publication number
US3806041A
US3806041A US00246528A US24652872A US3806041A US 3806041 A US3806041 A US 3806041A US 00246528 A US00246528 A US 00246528A US 24652872 A US24652872 A US 24652872A US 3806041 A US3806041 A US 3806041A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
spring
valve
seat
stem
injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00246528A
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English (en)
Inventor
L Tolan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stanadyne Automotive Corp
Original Assignee
Stanadyne LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stanadyne LLC filed Critical Stanadyne LLC
Priority to US00246528A priority Critical patent/US3806041A/en
Priority to CA166,709A priority patent/CA959361A/en
Priority to AU53607/73A priority patent/AU467629B2/en
Priority to SE7305171A priority patent/SE382845B/xx
Priority to ES413662A priority patent/ES413662A1/es
Priority to DE2318982A priority patent/DE2318982A1/de
Priority to FR7314271A priority patent/FR2181910B1/fr
Priority to GB1909073A priority patent/GB1384665A/en
Priority to IT23288/73A priority patent/IT984044B/it
Priority to JP48045195A priority patent/JPS4920522A/ja
Priority to BR2967/73A priority patent/BR7302967D0/pt
Priority to AR247665A priority patent/AR198213A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3806041A publication Critical patent/US3806041A/en
Priority to JP1977009973U priority patent/JPS5333042Y2/ja
Assigned to MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT reassignment MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP.
Assigned to STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE reassignment STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: STANADYNE, INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to STANADYNE INC. reassignment STANADYNE INC. RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Assignors: CHEMICAL BANK, AS SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST TO MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type

Definitions

  • An inwardly opening pressure actuated liquid fuel injector is provided with a tubular body having a valve guide for mounting a valve for reciprocating movement toward and away from a valve seat.
  • a coil spring biases the valve toward its seat and has a spring seat captured in the end thereof with a flat surface engaging the flat end of the valve for free relative lateral movement to avoid imposing lateral forces on the valve.
  • a lift stop has a stem extending through the coil spring and has a close sliding fit therewith to keep the spring coaxial with the stem.
  • the spring seat is spaced from the wall of the spring chamber to prevent contact with the wall and the end of the stemhas a slight taper to provide for limited lateral movement and to resiliently bias the spring seat toward a coaxial position with the stem.
  • the plunger or valve In inwardly opening pressure actuated liquid fuel injectors of the type contemplated by this invention, the plunger or valve is lifted from its seat by the pressure of fuel which may be delivered to the bore of the injector by an associated high pressure pump in measured quantities or charges.
  • Each measured charge of pressurized fuel is delivered by the injector to the combustion chamber of an associated engine and the discharge of fuel by the injector is timed to take place during a precise interval of time during the compression stroke of the piston in the combustion chamber.
  • it is essential that the valve of the injector not be subject to seizure or bindingin its guide, as may occur as a result of side thrust on the valve, under all operating conditions.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved injector of the type described having a reduced susceptibility of valve seizure and other malfunctions under all operating conditions.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide an improved injector for a compression-ignition engine having a hydraulic pressure responsive reciprocating valve controlled by a biasing spring construction which minimizes the lateral thrust imposed on the valve and is inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts which are exemplified in a construction hereinafter set forth.
  • FIGURE is a side elevational view, partly broken away, of an exemplary injector incorporating this invention.
  • the exemplary injector illustrated in the drawing comprises an elongated generally tubular body having a discharge tip 12 at one end thereof and a central longitudinal bore 14.
  • a plunger or valve 16 having a conical tip 18 which engages a conical valve seat 20 to control the discharge of fuel from the injector is positioned in the central bore 14.
  • a lapped portion of the upper end of the valve 16 forms a cylindrical guide portion 21 which is received within a lapped complementary guide 22 of the injector body 10 at a position remote from the valve seat to slidably mount the valve 16 in coaxial alignment with the valve seat 20.
  • the injector is provided with a fuel inlet 24 communicating with the bore 14 of the tubular body 10 for the delivery of discrete measured charges of high pressure fuel thereto from a source (not shown).
  • the biasing pressure imposed on the valve 16 may be adjusted by shims 30 placed between the spring 26 and the internally and externally threaded adjusting sleeve 32 which threadably engages the threaded end of the tubular body 10.
  • An adjustable lift stop 34 is provided with a stem 35 to limit the lift of the valve 16 from the valve seat 20 and is locked in place by a lock nut 36.
  • valve 16 When a charge of pressurized fuel delivered to the injector increases the pressure of the fuel therein to a level sufficient to overcome the bias of spring 26, the valve 16 is lifted from the seat 20 and the charge of fuel is discharged through the orifices 37 of the valve tip 12 into a combustion chamber of the associated engine.
  • valve seat 20 and the valve guide 22 are coaxially aligned to minimize any binding due to lateral forces which might be imposed on the valve as a result of any misalignment of the valve seat.
  • lateral forces may also be imposed on the valve because of a lack of coaxiality of the spring 26 and the valve 16 or by a lack of squareness in the ends of the spring.
  • the period generally available for the injection of a charge of fuel during each compression stroke is approximately 20 out of every 720 of crankshaft rotation. With such an engine operating at, say, 3,000 rpm, the period of time for injection of a charge of fuel is about 0.001 1 1 second. It is readily apparent that any variation in fric tion between the valve 16 and its guide 22 or any variation of the biasing force of spring can significantly effect injection and the smoothness of operation of the associated engine.
  • a feature of this invention is the provision of an easy to manufacture biasing spring construction, which is self-aligning and stable, and in which the lateral forces imposed on the valve are minimized, despite any lack of squareness of the ends of the spring 26 or any axial misalignment between the valve 16 and the spring 26.
  • the end 39 of valve 16 is formed flat and perpendicular to the valve axis.
  • the spring seat 38 for spring 26 is provided with a flat mating surface 40 for engaging the flat end 39 of the valve to minimize the transfer of lateral thrust therebetween.
  • An upward projection 42 on the spring seat 38 is closely received within the end of the spring 26 and the spring seat 38 is dimensioned to space its periphery from the wall of the spring chamber 28 by an annular clearance 41 to prevent contact between the spring seat 38 and the wall of the spring chamber.
  • the spring seat 38 is laterally positioned solely by the spring 26 and is not susceptible to any seizure or binding due to cocking of the spring seat 38 or its engagement with the wall.
  • the stem 35 of the liftstop adjusting screw 34 is ground to provide a smooth surface to minimize the friction therebetween and is dimensioned to be received within the coils of the biasing spring 26 with a close sliding fit.
  • the lift stop serves as a pilot to control the lateral position of the spring which in turn serves to mount the spring seat 38 so that the spring seat is self-centering and imposes its biasing force along the axis of reciprocation of the valve 16 without imposing lateral forces thereon.
  • lateral stability is imparted to the spring to avoid longitudinal bowing or buckling and to maintain its axis coincident with the axis of stem 35 and assure uniform operational characteristics of the spring 26 under all vibrational conditions.
  • the end of the sem 35 has a converging taper 44 at its end of, say, about 23 to accommodate a gradually increasing lateral movement of the surrounding coils of the spring 26 with respect to a stem 35 to provide a limited lateral resiliency to bias the spring seat 38 to a coaxial position, while at the same time making the spring seat free floating to enable it to align itself with the end of the valve without imparting lateral forces thereto.
  • a convex radius 46 is formed at the upper edge of the projection 42 of the spring seat 38 to accommodate lateral shifting of the spring seat 38 without imposing a sharp termination of the portion of spring coils subject to lateral flexure.
  • the present invention provides a new and improved inwardly opening pressure actuated injector in which a novel spring construction substantially aids in the promoting of the uniformity of the discharge of fuel from the nozzle by reducing the possibility of seizure or variations in mechanical friction between the valve and its guide or in the operational characteristics of the biasing spring.
  • a liquid fuel injector for delivering to the combustion chamber of an associated engine measured charges of liquid fuel comprising a tubular body having a bore provided with a valve seat and a discharge tip at one end thereof, a pressure operated inwardly opening valve disposed in said bore, an apertured valve guide mounting said valve for reciprocating movement toward and away from the valve seat, a spring chamber, a coil spring disposed in said spring chamber for biasing said valve toward said valve seat, a lift stop fixed to the injector body and having a stem extending into said coil spring to limit the axial movement of said valve from said valve seat, a spring seat engageable with the valve at the end remote from the valve seat and spaced from the wall of said spring chamber by an annular clearance, said spring seat being secured to the end of said spring for lateral movement in unison therewith and having a surface engageable with said valve for free lateral movement relative thereto, said stem having a cylindrical portion terminating in a free end portion provided with a converging taper, said coil spring engaging the cylindrical portion of said stem with a

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
US00246528A 1972-04-24 1972-04-24 Fuel injector Expired - Lifetime US3806041A (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00246528A US3806041A (en) 1972-04-24 1972-04-24 Fuel injector
CA166,709A CA959361A (en) 1972-04-24 1973-03-21 Fuel injector
AU53607/73A AU467629B2 (en) 1972-04-24 1973-03-21 Fuel injector
SE7305171A SE382845B (sv) 1972-04-24 1973-04-12 Brensleinsprutare
ES413662A ES413662A1 (es) 1972-04-24 1973-04-13 Perfeccionamientos introducidos en un inyector de combusti-ble liquido para distribucion a la camara de combustion de un motor asociado, proporcionando cargas de combustible li- quido.
DE2318982A DE2318982A1 (de) 1972-04-24 1973-04-14 Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe
FR7314271A FR2181910B1 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png) 1972-04-24 1973-04-16
GB1909073A GB1384665A (en) 1972-04-24 1973-04-19 Fuel injector
IT23288/73A IT984044B (it) 1972-04-24 1973-04-20 Iniettore del carburante per motori ad accensione per com pressione
JP48045195A JPS4920522A (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png) 1972-04-24 1973-04-23
BR2967/73A BR7302967D0 (pt) 1972-04-24 1973-04-24 Injetor de combustivel liquido injetor de combustivel liquido
AR247665A AR198213A1 (es) 1972-04-24 1973-04-24 Inyector de combustible para un motor de combustion interna
JP1977009973U JPS5333042Y2 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png) 1972-04-24 1977-01-29

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00246528A US3806041A (en) 1972-04-24 1972-04-24 Fuel injector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3806041A true US3806041A (en) 1974-04-23

Family

ID=22931067

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00246528A Expired - Lifetime US3806041A (en) 1972-04-24 1972-04-24 Fuel injector

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3806041A (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
JP (2) JPS4920522A (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
AR (1) AR198213A1 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
BR (1) BR7302967D0 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
CA (1) CA959361A (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
DE (1) DE2318982A1 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
ES (1) ES413662A1 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
FR (1) FR2181910B1 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
GB (1) GB1384665A (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
IT (1) IT984044B (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)
SE (1) SE382845B (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4569484A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-02-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Air blast type coal slurry fuel injector
US4830285A (en) * 1986-12-22 1989-05-16 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection nozzle
CN102725511A (zh) * 2009-11-25 2012-10-10 莱奥林奇有限责任公司 用于内燃机的燃料喷射嘴

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5717085Y2 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png) * 1976-09-27 1982-04-09
US4200231A (en) * 1978-06-19 1980-04-29 General Motors Corporation Fuel injector nozzle
JPS6179859A (ja) * 1984-09-27 1986-04-23 Nippon Denso Co Ltd 電磁式燃料噴射弁

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1811731A (en) * 1926-09-30 1931-06-23 Petty Vern Reed Combined fuel measuring pump and fuel feed valve for internal combustion engines
US2243011A (en) * 1938-06-24 1941-05-20 L Orange Rudolf Injector for internal combustion engines
US2358494A (en) * 1941-07-05 1944-09-19 Timken Roller Bearing Co Fuel injector
US2957631A (en) * 1957-03-14 1960-10-25 Acf Ind Inc Nozzle for fuel injector system
US3075707A (en) * 1961-10-12 1963-01-29 Gen Motors Corp Fuel injector pump with hydraulically controlled injection valve
US3373943A (en) * 1966-06-03 1968-03-19 Vernon D. Roosa Fuel injection nozzle and adjusting means therefor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1811731A (en) * 1926-09-30 1931-06-23 Petty Vern Reed Combined fuel measuring pump and fuel feed valve for internal combustion engines
US2243011A (en) * 1938-06-24 1941-05-20 L Orange Rudolf Injector for internal combustion engines
US2358494A (en) * 1941-07-05 1944-09-19 Timken Roller Bearing Co Fuel injector
US2957631A (en) * 1957-03-14 1960-10-25 Acf Ind Inc Nozzle for fuel injector system
US3075707A (en) * 1961-10-12 1963-01-29 Gen Motors Corp Fuel injector pump with hydraulically controlled injection valve
US3373943A (en) * 1966-06-03 1968-03-19 Vernon D. Roosa Fuel injection nozzle and adjusting means therefor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4569484A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-02-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Air blast type coal slurry fuel injector
US4830285A (en) * 1986-12-22 1989-05-16 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection nozzle
CN102725511A (zh) * 2009-11-25 2012-10-10 莱奥林奇有限责任公司 用于内燃机的燃料喷射嘴
CN102725511B (zh) * 2009-11-25 2015-10-07 莱奥林奇有限责任公司 用于内燃机的燃料喷射嘴

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES413662A1 (es) 1976-01-16
IT984044B (it) 1974-11-20
FR2181910B1 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png) 1981-04-10
JPS5333042Y2 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png) 1978-08-15
BR7302967D0 (pt) 1974-06-27
GB1384665A (en) 1975-02-19
FR2181910A1 (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png) 1973-12-07
CA959361A (en) 1974-12-17
JPS52160716U (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png) 1977-12-06
AU5360773A (en) 1974-09-26
JPS4920522A (US07696358-20100413-C00002.png) 1974-02-23
DE2318982A1 (de) 1973-11-08
AR198213A1 (es) 1974-06-07
SE382845B (sv) 1976-02-16

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005046/0096

Effective date: 19890210

AS Assignment

Owner name: STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE, CONNECT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:STANADYNE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005130/0582

Effective date: 19890210

AS Assignment

Owner name: STANADYNE INC., CONNECTICUT

Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CHEMICAL BANK, AS SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST TO MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:007308/0169

Effective date: 19950201