US3805761A

US3805761A - Template controlled tone with means to indicate wear of the tool tip

Info

Publication number: US3805761A
Application number: US00232860A
Authority: US
Inventors: E Kotthaus
Original assignee: Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Current assignee: Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Priority date: 1971-03-17
Filing date: 1972-03-08
Publication date: 1974-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 1991-04-23
Also published as: DE2209381A1; CH536693A; DE2209381B2; DE2209381C3; SE393315B; IT950309B; GB1326336A; FR2129423A5; JPS5249596B1; SU404206A3

Abstract

An apparatus equipped with a tool guided by its tip along a prescribed path of travel by means of a copying template, especially a planing tool, the copying template possessing scanning surfaces and control surfaces. According to the important aspects of the invention an indicator means is provided at the path of the tool produced by the control surfaces for the purpose of indicating the position of the tip of the tool with respect to the path of movement.

Description

United States Patent [191 Kotthaus 11] 3,805,761 [451 Apr. 23, 1974 [54] TEMPLATE CONTROLLED TONE WITH MEANS TO INDICATE WEAR OF THE TOOL TIP Inventor: Erich Kotthaus, Kloten, Switzerland Werlrzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle AG, Zug, Switzerland Filed: Mar. 8, 1972 Appl. No.: 232,860

73] Assignee:

Foreign Application Priority Data Mar. 17, 1971 Switzerland 3918/71 US. Cl. l25/l1 PH, 33/201, 125/11 CW Int. Cl B24b 53/08 Field of Search. 125/11 TP, 11 PH, 11 PT,

125/11 CW, 11 R; 5l/165.87; 33/201 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,522,485 9/1950 Silvea et al....' 125/11 R X 3/1960 Flanders 125/11 TP 3,155,086 11/1964 Ornehage 125/11 '1'? 3,378,001 4/1968 Parapetti 125/11 R Primary Examiner-Al Lawrence Smith- AssistantExaminerNicholas P. Godici Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Werner W. Kleeman ABSTRACT An apparatus equipped with a tool guided by its tip along a prescribed path of travel by means of a copying template, especially a planingtool, the copying template possessing scanning surfaces and control surfaces. According to the important aspects/of the invention an indicator means is provided at the path of the tool produced by the control surfaces for the purpose of indicating the position of the tip of the tool with respect to the path of movement.

8 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures FATENTEDAPR 23 L974 SHEET 2 BF 3 A TEMPLATE CONTROLLED TONE WITH MEANS TO INDICATE WEAR OF THE TOOL TIP I BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention broadly relates to machine tools and, more specifically, deals with a new and improved construction of apparatus equipped with a tool guided by its tip along a prescribed path of travel by means of a copying template, especially a planing or truing tool, the copying template having scanning surfaces and control surfaces.

A known piece of prior art equipment of this type is provided with planing tools which are controlled through the intermediary of a copying template. The profile of the copying template is accommodated to the profile of a grinding disk. The copying template additionally is equipped with control surfaces. The planing tools by means of their tips exhibit a calibrated spacing from their support or holders and during guiding of the planing tools by the control surfaces,-which are parallel to one another, the mutual spacing of the tips of two tools is equal to a fixed amount. After each planing operation the grinding disk must be adjusted in the direction of the object to be ground by the planed amount. In this prior art construction of equipment it is not possible to determine wear of the planing tool which as a general rule possesses a diamond at its tip, and thus there reside adjustment errors.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Hence,from what has been discussed above, it will be recognized that this particular technology is still in need of equipment of the mentioned type which is not associated with the aforementioned drawbacks and limitations. Therefore, it is a primary object of the pres ent invention to effectively and reliably fulfill the existing need in the art.

Still a further significant object of the present invention relates to an improved apparatus of the type having. a tool guided by its tip along a prescribed path of travel through the action of a copying template, and wherein it is possible to easily and readily take into account wear of the tool during tool adjustment.

Still a further significant object of the present invention relates to a novel construction of machine tool, especially having a planing tool which can be reliably and accurately adjusted as a function of tool wear.

Now, in order to implement these and still further objects of the invention, which will become more readily apparent as the description proceeds, the inventive apparatus is manifested by the features that an indicating mechanism is arranged at the path of the tool generated by the control surfaces of the copying template for the purpose of indicating the position of the tip of the tool with respect to the path of travel thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above, will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a preferred constructional form of inventive apparatus, and in particular here shown as a planing apparatus equipped with a grinding disk and an object or article to be ground;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of the appara tus depicted in FIG. I viewed in the direction of the arrow A thereof;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the apparatus depicted in FIG. 2, taken substantially along the line III-III thereof, wherein for purposes of clarity in illustration there have been added as well as omitted certain of the components;

FIG. 4 is a schematic detail view on an enlarged scale of a portion of the apparatus depicted in FIG. 3; and

FIG. 5 is a further detail view of a portion of the equipment depicted in FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Considering now the drawings, and according to the illustration of FIG. 1, a substantially pot-shaped housing -1 is rotatable about a vertical journal or pivot pin 2 which centrally engages housing 1 from above. Housing 1 is laterally supported at the lower half thereof at the roller bearings 3 so as to prevent any horizontal de flections of this housing 1. A carriage 4 is mounted so as to be vertically displaceable in the housing 1 at rods 6 by means of rollers 5. A copying pin support 8 is movably connected with the carriage 4 through the agency of two essentially parallel brackets or links 7. The copying pin support 8 is equipped with a copying pin 9 which is disposed perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and which comes to bear against a copying template 10 having control surfaces 58 and scanning surfaces 60 parallely displaced with respect to one another, as shown. A planing tool support 13 is connected with this copying pin support 8 through the agency of a web 11 and a dovetail connection 12. wean engages through an opening 37 at the floor of the housing 1. Opening 37 is closed off by a rubber collar or sealing member 38.

Continuing, it should be observed that the planing tool support 13 carries a planing or dressing tool 14 having a diamond 15 at the tip of a holding tool 16. By means of 2 micrometer adjustment screws 17 and 18 it is possible to horizontally and vertically displace the planing tool 14. Planing tool 14 also will be recognized to act upon a grinding disk or wheel 19 which rotates about a substantially horizontal axis 20. The grinding disk 19 has a roof-shaped profile. The roof surfaces of the profile of this grinding disk 19 form first grinding surfaces F The grinding surfaces F, merge at the base of the roof surfaces with horizontal grinding surfaces F as shown. Both grinding surfaces F and F are in engagement with a tool 21,'for instance a cutter for a front cutter head of a geapcutting machine, whereby a side surface and the head surface of the tool 21 are ground during one working operation.

The copying template l0 possesses a contour which exactly corresponds to the profile of the grinding disk 19. Furthermore, copying template l0 possesses an elongated contour 58 defining the aforementioned con-' trol surfaces which are displaced parallel to the image of the grinding surfaces F and F A round measuring rod 22 is mounted so as to be deflec'table in a support or carrier 23 which is flanged to the housing 1. The measuringrod 22 in its rest-position assumes such an 1 orientation that the diamond 15 guided by the elongated contour 58 of the copying template 10 contacts the measuring rod 22 tangentially at two locations and more or less deflects same.

Now at the housing 1 there is arranged a hydraulic piston unit 24. The piston housing 25 is pivotably mounted at its rear end at a horizontal pivot pin or journal 26 which is fixedly connected with housing 1. By means of two hydraulic conduits or

lines

27 and 28 which respectively open in front of and behind the nonvisible piston within the piston housing 25, it is possible through the infeed of a pressurized fluid medium to displace the piston member in both directions as desired. A piston rod 29 extending out of the piston housing 25 is connected with the non-visible piston. This piston rod 29 is connected with the first arm 32 of a doublearm-lever 30. This first arm 32 of the double-arm lever forms together with a second arm 33 thereof an obtuse angle. This lever 30 is mounted at its central region at a pivot pin 31 which is fixedly connected with the housing 1. The copying pin support or holder 8 is pivotably connected via a link or bracket 34 with the second arm 33 of the double-arm lever 30. A tension spring 36 is suspended between a hook at the floor of the housing 1 and the link or bracket 34, and which tension spring draws the copying pin support 8 towards the right through the agency of link 34 and therefore presses the copying pin 9 against the contour of the copying template 10. A further tension spring 57 is suspended between the carriage 4 and a hook 56 provided at the roof or ceiling of housing 1. This tension spring 57 only serves for weight compensation purposes for the carriage 4, so that such can move up and down with the same speed.

Now as best observed by referring to FIG. 2, the measuring rod 22 is recessed or stepped in diameter. By means of its conical tip 39 the thinner or reduced diameter portion .40 of this measuring rod 44 is seated in a bore 41 which is formed at the support or carrier 23 flanged to the housing 1. A further bore 42 is arranged parallel and at an inclination above the bore 41 at the support 23. Bore 42 possesses a pin 43 which is directed perpendicular to the axis of such bore. A further pin 44 extends perpendicular to the lengthwise axis of the measuring rod 22 and is secured thereto. Between both pins there is spanned a tension spring 45. Tension spring 45 strives to pivot the measuring rod 22 about its conical tip 39 upwardly at an inclination. In order to prevent such, an angled sheet metal member or plate 46 is connected with the support 23 and at the angled or flexed region of which bears the measuring rod 22 with its thicker or increased diameter portion 47.

As is particularly well illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the angle or angled portion formed by the contact or bearing surfaces 46a and 46b of the angled sheet metal member 46 with one another corresponds to the angle which is formed by the grinding surfaces F and F of the grinding disk 19.

Scanning feelers

48 and 49 of two measuring dials or scales and 51 are in contact with the thicker portion 47 of the measuring rod 22. The axes of the

scanning feelers

48 and 49 are perpendicular to the contact surfaces 46a and 46b respectively of the angled sheet metal member 46 and therefore also perpendicular to the grinding surfaces F 1 and F of the grinding disk 19. Each

housing

50a and 51a of the measuring dials 50 and 51 respectively is fixedly connected with the support 23 by means of the holding

brackets

52 and 53, as such is particularly well represented in FIG. 4. During displacement of the

scanning feelers

48 and 49 owing to deflection of the measuring rod 22 by the planing tool 14, the pointers 50b and 51b of the measuring dials 50 and 51 respectively are moved. By means of the

contacts

54, 55, and 54, 55 which are activated by the respective pointers 50b and 51b of the measuring dials 50 and 51 whenever such move therepast, it' is possible to close electrical current circuits and, for instance, to activate lamps which by virtue of their color can indicate the degree of wear of the diamond 15. Of course, the measuring dials 50 and 51 could also be directly visually read-off and as a function of the read-off measurement values there could be undertaken an adjustment or resetting of the diamond in horizontal and/or vertical direction.

The mode of operation of the heretofore described exemplary form of apparatus should be apparent from the previously described construction and may be considered as follows: during the grinding of tools 21, the planing tool support 13 and therefore the diamond 15 is located above the measuring rod 22. The planing tool support 13 arrives in this position in that via the hydraulic conduit or line 28 pressurized fluid medium is conducted in front of the piston of the hydraulic piston unit 24 so that the piston rod 29 is retracted and via the lever 30 and the link 34 the copying pin support 8 and the planing tool support 13 are retracted upwards. The tension spring 36 retains the copying pin 9 in bearing contact with the copying template 10. In this case the double-arm lever 30, the link 34 and the tension spring 36 assume the phantom line position illustrated in the drawings, wherein the carriage 4, the copying pin support 8 and the tension spring 57 and the planing tool support 13 assume a position which is upwardly displaced in FIG. 1 but has not been particularly shown therein. In this rest position the copying pin support 8 and the planing tool support 13 are additionally displaced towards the right.

An entire series of tools 21 are arranged behind one another upon a non-illustrated saddle of a grinding machine. This saddle carries out a to-and-fro movement, whereby the tools 21, as illustrated, are moved past the rotating grinding disk or wheel 19 and are ground. After a series of grinding operations the grinding disk 19 must be planed. To this end, the entire housing 1 is displaced vertically downward in the direction of the grinding disk 19 by an adjustable amount. In so doing, the position of the diamond 15 with respect to the measuring rod 22 does not experience any change. In other words, the diamond 15 to the extent that it is not yet worn deflects the measuring rod 22 by the same amount when it is guided over the measuring rod 22 in accordance with the extended contour of the copying template 10.

The planing of the grinding disk 19 takes place by introducing pressurized fluid medium, via the hydraulic conduit or line 27, behind the piston of the hydraulic piston unit 24. In so doing, the piston rod 29 is displaced out of the piston housing 25 and the lever member 30 and the link 34 gradually move out of the phantom line illustrated rest position into the opposite terminal position depicted by full lines. In so doing,- the copying pin 9 is always retained in contact with the contour of the copying template 10 by virtue of the action of the tension spring 36 which engages with the copying pin support 8, so that the tip of the diamond 15 moves over both contact points IE and B, at the measuring rod 22 and finally over the grinding surfaces F. and F2 of the grinding disk 19. The grinding table about the pivot or journal 2 and the profile at the other side of the grinding disk 19 is machined in the same manner, which side is completely symmetrical to the side which has already been planed or trued.

The grinding disk 19 is then always displaced in vertical direction a degree corresponding to the planed amount with respect to the vertically non-displaceable tools 21 by means of a non-illustrated compensation mechanism.

Owing to a series of planing operations, the diamond l5 experiences appreciable wear as such has been depicted, for instance, in FIG. 5. In such case, the measuring rod 22 in the event that it is even still contacted at the points B and B experiences a deflection which is too slight, which for instance can be indicated optically by a red lamp activated by the

contacts

54 and 54. The operator. must then readjust the diamond in horizontal and vertical direction by means of the micrometer adjustment screws 17 and 18. Then there again takes place a control to determine if the readjustment was not too large. This function is performed by the contacts 55 and 55' which likewise illuminate the red lamp when these contacts are actuated. Only when the pointers 50b and 51b of the measuring dials 50 and 51 are located between the

contacts

54, 54' and 55, 55' does a green lamp-illuminate and the planing operation can then be initiated.

From FIG. 5 it will be apparent how the wear of the diamond arranged at the tip of the planing tool arises. Initially, the diamond l5 possesses a tip which corresponds to the full line illustration. During machining of thegrinding surfaces F and F, of the grinding disk 19, wear of the diamond occurs with time which leads to a reduction in the size of the tip of the diamond as illustrated in phantom lines. Hence, the diamond 15 derstood that the invention is not limited thereto but may be otherwise variously embodied and practiced within the scope of the following claims. ACCORD- INGLY,

I claim:

1. An apparatus comprising a tool, a copying template for guiding the tool along a prescribed path of travel, said copying template possessing scanning surfaces and control surfaces, indicator means arranged along the path of travel of the tool produced by the control surfaces of said copying template for indicating the position of the tip of the tool with respect to the path of travel of said tool, said control surfaces being parallelly displaced with respect to said scanning surfaces, and wherein said indicator means comprises a measuring rod, means formounting said measuring rod so as to be deflectable in a direction transverse to its axial direction, scanning feeler means arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to said measuring rod and opposite the points of contact between the tool and the measuring rod, said measuring rod upon deflection thereof by said tool actuating said scanning feeler means.

2. The apparatus as defined in claim vl, further including switching contact means actuated by said scanning feeler means.

3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said means for mounting said measuring rod comprises a now exhibits a spacing h, and h from the surfaces F,

and F respectively. If the apparatus is adjusted such that the unused diamond deflects the measuring rod 22 in both directions through a predetermined known and adjustable amount, then, by virtue of the used diamond there occurs a deflection which is too slight, that is to say, the contacts 54 and 54' are for instance no longer actuated, bringing about a defect or error indication. The diamond is then readjusted in horizontal and vertical direction. A readjustment which is too great results in a too large deflection of the measuring rod 22 which can be again indicated by the

contacts

55 and 55. With proper readjustment of the diamond 15 when such.

moves past the measuring rod 22, the latter must be deflected in both directions to such an extent that the pointers of the measuring dials and 51 still actuate the contacts 54 and 54', while on the other hand the

contacts

55 and 55 can no longer be actuated.

While there is shown and described present preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be distinctly unsupport having a bore,'an angled plate member connected with said support, said measuring rod having one end equipped with a substantially conical tip mounted in said bore of said support and the other end of said measuring rod being mounted at said angled plate member, said angled plate member having surfaces which extend substantially parallel to said control surfaces of said copying template, and wherein said measuring rod contactingly bears against said surfaces of said angled plate member.

4. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein said angled plate member, possesses a flexed portion, tension spring means for maintaining in bearing contact said measuring rod at said flexed portion of said angled plate member. i

5. An apparatus comprising a tool, a copying template for guiding a tool along a prescribed path of travel, said tool having a number of wear surfaces, the copying template possessing control surfaces which extend substantially parallel to the wear surfaces at the tool, means for indicating the wear of the tool, said indicating means embodying scanning feeler means associated with the wear surfaces and a deflectable measuring body member, said scanning feeler means bearing against said measuring body member, said measuring body member extending into said prescribed path of travel. 7

6. The apparatus as defined in claim 5, wherein said measuring body member comprises a substantially round measuring rod past which there is tangentially guided the tool, and means for mounting said measuring rod so as to be deflectable transversely with respect to its axial direction.

7. The apparatus as defined in claim 6, said measuring rod having one end equipped with a substantially conical tip, said mounting means for said measuring rod comprising a support having a bore in which there is mounted said conical 'tip of said measuring rod, an

angled plate member having surfaces which extend substantially parallel to said control surfaces of said copying template, said measuring rod having an opposite end portion bearing against said parallel surfaces of said angled plate member.

8. The apparatus as defined in claim 7, wherein said angled plate member includes an angled portion into said angled portion of the angled plate member.

l 1? l l

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising a tool, a copying template for guiding the tool along a prescribed path of travel, said copying template possessing scanning surfaces and control surfaces, indicator means arranged along the path of travel of the tool produced by the control surfaces of said copying template for indicating the position of the tip of the tool with respect to the path of travel of said tool, said control surfaces being parallelly displaced with respect to said scanning surfaces, and wherein said indicator means comprises a measuring rod, means for mounting said measuring rod so as to be deflectable in a direction transverse to its axial direction, scanning feeler means arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to said measuring rod and opposite the points of contact between the tool and the measuring rod, said measuring rod upon deflection thereof by said tool actuating said scanning feeler means.

2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, further including switching contact means actuated by said scanning feeler means.

3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said means for mounting said measuring rod comprises a support having a bore, an angled plate member connected with said support, said measuring rod having one end equipped with a substantialLy conical tip mounted in said bore of said support and the other end of said measuring rod being mounted at said angled plate member, said angled plate member having surfaces which extend substantially parallel to said control surfaces of said copying template, and wherein said measuring rod contactingly bears against said surfaces of said angled plate member.

4. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein said angled plate member possesses a flexed portion, tension spring means for maintaining in bearing contact said measuring rod at said flexed portion of said angled plate member.

5. An apparatus comprising a tool, a copying template for guiding a tool along a prescribed path of travel, said tool having a number of wear surfaces, the copying template possessing control surfaces which extend substantially parallel to the wear surfaces at the tool, means for indicating the wear of the tool, said indicating means embodying scanning feeler means associated with the wear surfaces and a deflectable measuring body member, said scanning feeler means bearing against said measuring body member, said measuring body member extending into said prescribed path of travel.

7. The apparatus as defined in claim 6, said measuring rod having one end equipped with a substantially conical tip, said mounting means for said measuring rod comprising a support having a bore in which there is mounted said conical tip of said measuring rod, an angled plate member having surfaces which extend substantially parallel to said control surfaces of said copying template, said measuring rod having an opposite end portion bearing against said parallel surfaces of said angled plate member.

8. The apparatus as defined in claim 7, wherein said angled plate member includes an angled portion formed between said surfaces thereof, a tension spring connected at one end to the measuring rod and at the other end to the support for drawing the measuring rod into said angled portion of the angled plate member.