US3803822A - Radiation sensitive ends down detecting apparatus and method - Google Patents

Radiation sensitive ends down detecting apparatus and method Download PDF

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Publication number
US3803822A
US3803822A US00097521A US9752170A US3803822A US 3803822 A US3803822 A US 3803822A US 00097521 A US00097521 A US 00097521A US 9752170 A US9752170 A US 9752170A US 3803822 A US3803822 A US 3803822A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
radiation
yarn
sensing element
detector
casing means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00097521A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Mulligan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Parks Cramer Co
Original Assignee
Parks Cramer Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Parks Cramer Co filed Critical Parks Cramer Co
Priority to US00097521A priority Critical patent/US3803822A/en
Priority to CA129,075A priority patent/CA949153A/en
Priority to GB5686071A priority patent/GB1368149A/en
Priority to FR7144692A priority patent/FR2118059B1/fr
Priority to DE2161870A priority patent/DE2161870C3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3803822A publication Critical patent/US3803822A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H13/00—Other common constructional features, details or accessories
    • D01H13/14—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements
    • D01H13/145—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements set on carriages travelling along the machines; Warning or safety devices pulled along the working unit by a band or the like

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An apparatus and method for detecting ends of yarn on a textile yarn fonning machine such as a spinning machine wherein radiation source and radiation detector mounted on and movable with a traveling unit direct radiation toward ends of yarn and respond to radiation reflected therefrom, the impingement of radiation onto the detector being amplified at a low signal to noise ratio through concentration of reflected radiation by a static reflector.
  • the amount of visible light reflected from the ends of yarn is relatively small and substantial amplif cation is required to raise any related electrical signal to .the level needed for distinguishing between the presence and absence of ends of yarn at the yarn forming locations.
  • amplification has been successfully accomplished through the use of 'photoemissive devices, and particularly photomultipliers as mentioned above.
  • Photomultipliers are known to have tremendous amplification capability, and rely upon secondary electron emission in responding to low light levels.
  • One substantial disadvantage of the photomultiplier is that thermionic emission originating within the photomultiplier is amplified together with any light initiated signal and appears as a significant noise component in the resultant total signal where high sensitivity is sought.
  • FIG. I is an end elevation view, in partial section, of an apparatus in accordance with the present invention shown during traversal of a textile yarn forming machine;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged elevation, in section, through a detector head forming a portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1, illustrating more particularly the arrangement of radiation source and radiation detector in accordance with the present invention.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is there disclosed in operating relation to a textile yarn forming machine, namely a ring spinning frame 10. While only a single spinning frame 10 is illustrated, it is to be understood that the frame 10 may be of one of a substantial number of spinning machines arranged in rows in a spinning room, in patterns which are substantially conventional.
  • a traveling unit here illustrated as a pneumatic cleaner 20, is supported above the textile machine 10 for traversing the same along a predetermined path of travel.
  • the specific apparatus chosen for illustration in the drawings is substantially identical to the fourth embodiment of the traveling pneumatic cleaner disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,304,571 issued on Feb. 21, 1967 and owned in common with the present invention, but it must be understood at the outset that a wide variety of other patrolling devices are contemplated as useful in the combination of this invention and that the invention is accordingly not to be limited solely to traveling cleaners.
  • the traveling cleaner 20 is supported for movement along a track 21 extending above the spinning frame 10 and includes blowing and sucking air sleeves 22 and 23 depending on either side of the spinning frame 10 from a main fan housing, for removing lint and the like from the spinning frame 10 and the floor by currents of air.
  • the traveling cleaner 20 may be arranged to traverse a plurality of textile machines such as the spinning frame 10
  • the present invention contemplates also that the traveling cleaner 20 or the manner in which the cleaner is supported and arranged for traversing a textile machine may be changed in varying ways, including limiting the path of travel of the cleaner to traversal of a single machine only.
  • Conventional ring spinning frames in wide use in the textile industry of the world at the present time include a creel portion wherein a plurality of bobbins of roving R are suspended, drafting systems D to which the roving is supplied, and spindles equipped with bobbins B on which spun yarn is wound.
  • roving passes through the drafting systems D to travelers mounted on spinning rings 11 encircling each of the plurality of spindles driven in rotation from the center shaft or tape drum of the machine.
  • the yarn Y is exposed to detection by means mounted within a detector head 30 as will now be described.
  • the detector head 30 depends from the traveling cleaner 20, between the blowing and sucking air sleeves thereof, and includes a casing 31 which encloses a radiation detector generally indicated at 32 and a radiation source generally indicated at 34.
  • the traveling cleaner mounts two of such detector heads 30, for monitoring both sides of the spinning frame 10 during traversal thereof by the traveling cleaner 20.
  • discussion will be directed particularly to one detector head 30, with it being understood that both of the detector heads 30, 30 are identical in structure and operation.
  • the radiation detector 32 will be noted as including a detector casing 36 having a sensing element 39 disposed therewithin.
  • the sensing element 39 is a photoconductive element such as a sulfide resistor conducting a flow of electrical current which is dependent upon impingement of radiation.
  • the radiation detector 32 is rendered responsive by electrical variation to radiation such as is reflected from the ends of yarn Y normally being formed at locations along the spinning frame 10.
  • static, reflective radiation concentrating means is mounted in predetermined relation to the sensing element 39 for amplifying at a low signal to noise ratio the impingement thereonto of radiation reflected from ends of yarn Y.
  • the concentrating means is defined by a parabolic internal surface of the detector casing 36 reflective as to radiation emitted by the radiation source 34, with the sensing element 39 having its active portion lying at the focus of the parabolic surface (FIG. 2).
  • the internal surface of the casing 36 concentrates onto the sensing element 39 radiation which reaches the detector 32 from within a predetermined, generally right circular cylindrical, field of view (illustrated by phantom lines in the drawing).
  • the radiation to which the detector 32 responds be radiation in the range of wavelengths known as infrared and that the sensing element 39 be a lead sulfide resistor.
  • the reflective surface of the detector casing 32 which functions as the static, reflective radiation concentrating means and which amplifies the impingement of radiation onto the sensing element 39 may be a polished metal surface which need not be silvered or otherwise specially treated. Polished metal surfaces having characteristics of reflectivity for infrared radiation more readily maintain a high reflectivity under textile mill operating conditions than do those surfaces which are highly reflective at wavelengths visible to the human eye.
  • the concentrating and amplifying effects of a parabolically curved surface may be employed for substantially all wavelengths of radiation, including light visible to the human eye, but the difficulty of maintaining a highly reflective surface for visible light renders the choice of visible light as the radiation used less than wholly desirable where a static, radiation concentrating means as contemplated by this invention is used.
  • the housing 38 includes a generally parabolic interior surface wall reflective for radiation of the type to which the detector 32 responds, and the filament of the incandescent lamp 40 is positioned generally at the focal point of the parabolic surface.
  • the incandescent lamp 40 is selected to be a type emitting radiation rich in infrared wavelengths and a screening filter 41 is positioned to ensure that radiation directed outwardly of the source 34 is of a desirable wavelength characteristic. Tuning of the detector 32 and source 34 to a common band of infrared radiation is accomplished by the provision of a corresponding filter 42 in the radiation detector 32.
  • the infrared radiation source 34 and infrared radiation detector 32 are mounted within the detector head 30 so that the generally right circular cylindrical fields thereof intersect in an elongate zone spaced forwardly of the detector head 30 (dotted lines in FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the tunnel" field of view available to the infrared radiation detector 32 being substantially right circular cylindrical throughout its extent, ensures proper response of the infrared radiation detector to infrared radiation emitted from the source 34 and reflected from an end of yarn Y at any point within the intersecting zone of the fields of the source 34 and detector 32 even should that zone be displaced toward or away from the spinning frame 10. By this means, incorrect responses otherwise possibly introduced by sway or deflection of the detector head 30 due to movement of the traveling cleaner 20 are minimized.
  • infrared detectors having the characteristics described above are more rugged than photomultipliers and thus more easily withstand any rough usage occurring in a textile mill application.
  • infrared detectors operate at lower voltage levels than photomultipliers and are available at lower cost, thereby opening possibilities for more economical construction and maintenance for the combination of the present invention.
  • the ambient level of infrared radiation in a textile mill room is quite low, as compared to visible light, so as to facilitate reliance on the static, radiation concentrating means of this invention in obtaining the needed amplification of radiation reflected from ends of yarn.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
US00097521A 1970-12-14 1970-12-14 Radiation sensitive ends down detecting apparatus and method Expired - Lifetime US3803822A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00097521A US3803822A (en) 1970-12-14 1970-12-14 Radiation sensitive ends down detecting apparatus and method
CA129,075A CA949153A (en) 1970-12-14 1971-12-01 Radiation sensitive ends down detecting apparatus and method
GB5686071A GB1368149A (en) 1970-12-14 1971-12-07 Radiation sensitive ends down detecting apparatus and method
FR7144692A FR2118059B1 (Direct) 1970-12-14 1971-12-13
DE2161870A DE2161870C3 (de) 1970-12-14 1971-12-13 Photoelektrischer Fadenwächter für Textilmaschinen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00097521A US3803822A (en) 1970-12-14 1970-12-14 Radiation sensitive ends down detecting apparatus and method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3803822A true US3803822A (en) 1974-04-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00097521A Expired - Lifetime US3803822A (en) 1970-12-14 1970-12-14 Radiation sensitive ends down detecting apparatus and method

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3803822A (Direct)
CA (1) CA949153A (Direct)
DE (1) DE2161870C3 (Direct)
FR (1) FR2118059B1 (Direct)
GB (1) GB1368149A (Direct)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5277928A (en) * 1991-07-05 1994-01-11 Strandberg John A Method and apparatus for controlling yarn coatings
US5964391A (en) * 1997-10-24 1999-10-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Wrap detection device
US6112508A (en) * 1997-12-17 2000-09-05 Zellweger Luwa Ag Device for monitoring yarns on ring spinning machines

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20101126U1 (de) 2001-01-23 2001-04-19 Dietze & Schell Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 96450 Coburg Vorrichtung an einem Direkt-Rovingwickler zum berührungslosen Erfassen des Istdurchmessers der Rovingspule und Direkt-Rovingwickler mit einer solchen Vorrichtung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3391840A (en) * 1965-10-25 1968-07-09 Du Pont Yarn break detector and control circuit
US3523414A (en) * 1968-08-02 1970-08-11 Parks Cramer Co Temperature responsive ends down detecting and reporting apparatus and method
US3523413A (en) * 1968-02-19 1970-08-11 Parks Cramer Co Apparatus and method for detecting and reporting ends down on textile machines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3391840A (en) * 1965-10-25 1968-07-09 Du Pont Yarn break detector and control circuit
US3523413A (en) * 1968-02-19 1970-08-11 Parks Cramer Co Apparatus and method for detecting and reporting ends down on textile machines
US3523414A (en) * 1968-08-02 1970-08-11 Parks Cramer Co Temperature responsive ends down detecting and reporting apparatus and method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5277928A (en) * 1991-07-05 1994-01-11 Strandberg John A Method and apparatus for controlling yarn coatings
US5964391A (en) * 1997-10-24 1999-10-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Wrap detection device
US6112508A (en) * 1997-12-17 2000-09-05 Zellweger Luwa Ag Device for monitoring yarns on ring spinning machines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1368149A (en) 1974-09-25
DE2161870C3 (de) 1974-04-04
FR2118059B1 (Direct) 1974-09-27
CA949153A (en) 1974-06-11
DE2161870A1 (de) 1972-06-29
DE2161870B2 (de) 1973-09-13
FR2118059A1 (Direct) 1972-07-28

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