US3803411A - X-ray electro-photographing process and device - Google Patents

X-ray electro-photographing process and device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3803411A
US3803411A US00360824A US36082473A US3803411A US 3803411 A US3803411 A US 3803411A US 00360824 A US00360824 A US 00360824A US 36082473 A US36082473 A US 36082473A US 3803411 A US3803411 A US 3803411A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
electrodes
space
rays
image
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00360824A
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English (en)
Inventor
K Reiss
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Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/054—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern using X-rays, e.g. electroradiography
    • G03G15/0545—Ionography, i.e. X-rays induced liquid or gas discharge

Definitions

  • This gas space is limited by an insulating layer located upon a counter electrode and extending parallel to a space surface.
  • the electrodes are supplied with direct voltage.
  • the spacing, the amount of the applied direct voltage and the amount of the used filling gas are so selected relatively to each other that the ionic current which emerges in image-like distribution due to the image-like illumination, is so accelerated in field direction that an impulse ionization takes place and thereafter a multiplying of the secondary ions is produced.
  • An extinguishing gas is used in the intermediate space in a known manner to avoid a standing discharge.
  • the invention is particularly characterized in that the electrodes are divided into small strips extending parallel to each other and that the gas space is subjected to increased pressure.
  • This invention relates to an X-ray photographing exposure process and means wherein a flat shaped electrode which emits electrons under the influence of X- rays, is illuminated with X-rays forming an image.
  • An insulated inscribing material is mounted upon a counter electrode and extends parallel and at a distance from the first-mentioned electrode.
  • the intermediate space is filled with ionizable gas.
  • a direct voltage is applied to the electrodes.
  • the spacing, the amount of the applied direct voltage and the used filling gas are so selected in relation to each other that the electronic current emerging in image-like distribution due to the image illumination, is so accelerated in field direction that an impulse ionization takes place and that thereafter a multiplying of the secondary ions is produced.
  • An extinguishing gas is used in the intermediate space in a known manner to avoid a standing discharge.
  • An object of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks of existing devices by dividing the electrodes into narrow electrically interconnected strips which extendparallel to each other and by using gas under higher pressure.
  • the present invention makes use of the fact that the adjustment precision of the arrangement of the electrodes when non-homogenous electrical fields are used is substantially smaller.
  • the following formula represents the concentric arrangement with the electron radii r, and r for the field strength:
  • the multi-wire proportional chamber is a utilization of this consideration.
  • the surge strengthening used by the present invention takes place in this chamber only in the direct closeness to the anode wires since only there exists the required high field strength.
  • the anode is divided into a plurality of elements with high curvature.
  • the image carrier is so thin that the electrical field in the gas chamber on the one hand is sufficiently homogenous and on the other hand the image carrier can carry the charges without disruption.
  • insulating material can be used polycarbonates, possibly in the shape of foils which are 2 to 10 um thick.
  • a parallel screen of thin lines is used, wherein 10 lines per millimeter are applied.
  • conducting material aluminum ,is steamed on behind a screen of wires in the form of lines.
  • As an insulation coating a layer of steamed on polycarbonate is applied which is 5 ,urn thick.
  • the parallel lines of the electrode can be also applied by etching with photo-resisting lacquers and possibly high value organic steamed on layers with polymerization by ultra violet rays or electrons. Electrode surfaces provided with the lacquer or polymerization layer and having desired locationsfrom which these layers are removed, are thereupon steamed with conducting material and for final production are freed from polymerization or photoresisting lacquer, so that electrode lines remain only on the desired locations.
  • gases useable'in the ionization chamber are, for example, ethane iodide and butane iodide. They also attain sufficiently high pressure at low temperatures, namely about C. When the exposure chamber is thermically insulated to some extent pure iodine can be also used and then to attain pressure of over 1,000 torr it is necessary to use a heating of about C. Care must be taken, however, that in case of a medical use the body of the patient being examined should be kept away from the hot parts.
  • FIG. 1 is partly a section and partly a side view of an exposure chamber constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a section through a portion of the chamber, showing the applied image carrier, namely, the synthetic film.
  • FIG. 2a illustrates the arrangement of the electrode strips.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the pressuretemperature relationship of different gases suitable for filling the exposure devices of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the X-ray absorption of methane iodide depending upon the quality of the rays.
  • FIG. 1 shows a frame 1 which is rectangular corresponding to the desired exposure shape and which carries gas tightly an inlet plate 2 having a thickness of 1 mm and consisting of hard magnesium.
  • the plate Upon the surface directed to the interior of the chamber the plate carries, possibly upon an intermediate insulating layer, the electrode strips 3, which have athickness of 1.5 pm, a width of 25 um and are located next to each other at a distance of 75 m. They consist of aluminum and at both ends they are electrically connected with each other and with a current source 4 by conduits 3 and 3".
  • the source 4 provides a maximum of SkV.
  • the frame also includes at two opposed sides a gas inlet 5 and a gas outlet 6 by which the chamber can be filled with methane iodide which is under pressure of 1,500 torr.
  • the frame 1 is removably connected by a seal 7 with the bottom portion 8 of the chamber.
  • the bottom portion consists of steel and acts at the same time as the counter electrode which is connected with the negative pole of the current source 4.
  • a voltage of 3.8kV is applied to the electrode lines 3 and the counter electrode 8.
  • the ions are produced in the gas space 9 (FIG. 2) which due to the location of the field receive acceleration to the strips 3. They are collected upon the foil 10 shown in FIG. 2, which has a thickness of Sam and consists of polycarbonate. After the frame 1 has been raised from the bottom part 8, they are removed and conducted to a powder development in a manner known in xerography.
  • the plate 2 After the powder image has been transmitted in a known manner upon an image carrier, namely paper or foil, the plate 2 is cleaned and is then ready for a new exposure.
  • an image carrier namely paper or foil
  • Curves shown in FIG. 3 indicate that methane iodide CH used in the gas space 9, as well as other substances, namely uranhexafluoride UP ethane iodide C H -J and butane iodide C H J as well as iodine J reach in the stretch up to C the useable pressure of over 1,000 torr. For methane iodide 1,500 torr are reached at 58 C.
  • FIG. 4 shows the percentage of absorption per cm and ata and indicates that the absorption edge of the iodized hydrocarbon methane iodide lies between 30 and 40 keV, namely, in diagnostically important X-ray range.
  • An X-ray electrophotographing exposure device comprising means constituting a gas space and having opposed longitudinally extending top and bottom plates, said top plate being an inlet for X-rays and comprising an insulating foil and electrodes carried upon the surface of said foil and facing the bottom plate, said'electrodes consisting of narrow strips extending parallel to each other, said bottom plate being a counter electrode, said means having means introducing gas under high pressure into the gas space.
  • a device wherein the distance between the electrodes is 0.3 to 5 mm., and wherein the insulating foil has a thickness of 0.3 to 10am.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
US00360824A 1972-05-29 1973-05-16 X-ray electro-photographing process and device Expired - Lifetime US3803411A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2226130A DE2226130B2 (de) 1972-05-29 1972-05-29 Vorrichtung zur elektrofotografischen Aufnahme von Röntgenbildern

Publications (1)

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US3803411A true US3803411A (en) 1974-04-09

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US00360824A Expired - Lifetime US3803411A (en) 1972-05-29 1973-05-16 X-ray electro-photographing process and device

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US (1) US3803411A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4950885A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2226130B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3932750A (en) * 1974-01-02 1976-01-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ray converter
US3963924A (en) * 1973-06-23 1976-06-15 National Research Development Corporation Method and apparatus for taking x-ray pictures
US4066896A (en) * 1975-06-19 1978-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ionographic chamber
US4139768A (en) * 1976-07-28 1979-02-13 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Imaging chamber with electrode structure
DE112008002058B4 (de) * 2007-07-30 2019-01-24 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Elektrographische Vorrichtung und elektrographisches Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines latenten Bilds auf einer Bilderzeugungsoberfläche

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3859529A (en) * 1973-01-02 1975-01-07 Xonics Inc Ionography imaging chamber
AT357647B (de) * 1976-09-02 1980-07-25 Agfa Gevaert Ag Elektronenradiografische bildkammer

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3963924A (en) * 1973-06-23 1976-06-15 National Research Development Corporation Method and apparatus for taking x-ray pictures
US3932750A (en) * 1974-01-02 1976-01-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ray converter
US4066896A (en) * 1975-06-19 1978-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ionographic chamber
US4139768A (en) * 1976-07-28 1979-02-13 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Imaging chamber with electrode structure
DE112008002058B4 (de) * 2007-07-30 2019-01-24 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Elektrographische Vorrichtung und elektrographisches Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines latenten Bilds auf einer Bilderzeugungsoberfläche

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4950885A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-05-17
DE2226130A1 (de) 1973-12-06
DE2226130B2 (de) 1978-08-24

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