US380084A

US380084A - Hoeatio j

Info

Publication number: US380084A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-03-27
Anticipated expiration: 1905-03-27

Description

I (No Model.) I

4 H. J. BREWER.

GALVANIG BATTER-Y.-

PatentedMar. '27, 1888.

ITNESSES 46m INVENTOR:

BY um ATTORNEYS.-

' UNITED STATES HAORATIO J. BREWER,

. PATENT OFFICE;

on NEW ironic N. Y.

GA L-VANIC BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 380,084, dated March 27, 1888.

Application filed October 22, 1886. Renewed September 27, 1887. Serial No. 250,844. (No model.)

To 015 whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HORATIO J. BREWER, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Porous- Oup Battery, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of rnyinvention is to providea certain new and usefulimprovementin porous-cup batteries, whereby a thorough contact between the electrode and the electro-negative material in the porous cup is established, and the electrode is held in a firm position and the accumulation of a coating on the electrode is prevented. I

The invention consists of an electrode provided with inclined sides.

The invention also consists of various parts and details and combinations of the same, as

will .be fully described hereinafter, and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a central sectional elevation of my improvement; and Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are sectional plan views of the electrode on the line a: w of Fig. 1, showing varied forms of the cross-section of the electrode.

In the jar A, of any suitable form and size, is placed the porous cup B, in which is set the electrode 0, of carbon or other material, and provided with inclined sides and resting with its base on the bottom of the cup B. The upper end of the electrode 0 projects beyond the upper end of the jar A, andis preferably of uniform shape in cross-section and carries the binding post or clamp D, of any approved construction. The electro-negative material E is placed in the said cup B, and surrounds the inclined sides of the carbon electrode 0 and packs against the. said inclined sides. After the electrode 0 and the material E are placedin the porous cup B, moistened cement is poured upon the material E, so as to form a cover,

F, on top of the material and around the elec-,

trode C. The cement covering F is held in place on the upper end of the cup B, which is providedwith indentations which are filled by the cement, and thus hold the cover F firmly in position. A cover, G, is fitted on the mouth of the jar A, and through an aperture in the same projects the straight upper end of the electrode 0. 7

- The cross-section of the electrode 0 may be of various shapes, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, but the electrode must be provided with inclined sides. It will be seen that as the material E presses on the inclinedsides of the electrode 0 it establishes a strong contact with the said electrode, and thereby increases the efficiency of the battery; At the same time the electrode 0 is held in a firm position in the porous cup, as the material E and the cover F prevent a sidewise or an upward motion.

It will further be seen. that when a battery is moved about the material E is disturbed in its position around the electrode 0 and shifts its contacting-point with the sides of the said electrode, and as the latter. is usually slightly coated on the parts not covered by the material, caused by the action of the liquid used in connection with the battery, and as the coated spots or places on the electrode form a bad conductor, it is evident that when the material changes its position and comes in contact with the coated places or spots on the electrode 0 it will decrease the efficiency of the contact between the electrode and the material. This is true only for electrodes without inclined sides; but with my electrode I obviate this difficulty, as the pressure of the material on the inclined sides of the electrode is always sufficient to scrape the coating off when the material shifts its position, and thus a direct contact with the electrode is always insured. The cement used as a cover is preferably Portland cement, which is mixed with water to form a mortar, so that a pliable mass is obtained, which is poured on top of the material E and left to dry, whereby the cement becomes hard. The cover thus formed on the porous The cover is provided with the usual openings to permit the gases generated in the porous cup to escape. covers heretofore used are generally liable to become closed when the battery is exposed to heat by the softening of the wax, and when so closed the gases below the cover cannot escape and render the battery ineffective The apertures in the wax and dangerous. Heretofore metal and glass tubes were often inserted in the wax cover, so as to ventilate the cup and prevent closing of the aperture; but with my improved cover Ido not need any tubeswhatever. The zinc electrode is placed in the jar in the usual manner.

Having thus fully described my invent-ion, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a porous-cup battery the combination, with the porous cup, of acarbon electrode having inclined sides and placed with its base downward, and the electro-negative material placed in the said porous cup and packed against the inclined sides of the carbon electrode, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a porous-cup battery, the combination, with a porous cup, of the electro-negative material placed in the said cup, an electrode having inclined sides and resting with its base on the bottom of said porous cup, and a cement cover held firmly on the mouth of the said porous cup by indentations in the latter which are filled by the cement, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a porous-cup battery, the jar A, the lid G, fitting on the mouth of the said jar, and

the porous cup B, placed in the said jar and having indentations on the inside of its upper end, in combination with the electro-negative material E, placed in the said cup B, the electrode 0, having inclined sides which are in contact with the material E, and the cement coverF on top of the said material E and held in place by the said indentations in the porous cup, substantially as shown and described.

4. In a porouscup battery, a cover having apertures and formed of mortar or cement mixed with water and applied in a moistened state and left to dry and harden, substantially as set forth.

5. In a porous-cup battery, a porous cup, electro-negative material placed in the said cup, and the electrode 0 in the said cup, in combination with a cover having apertures and formed of mortar or cement mixed with Water and applied in a moistened state and left to dry and harden on the mouth of the said cup and on top of the said negative material, substantially as set forth.

HORATIO J. BREWER.