US3797585A - Apparatus for generating a pressure wave in an elongated body operatively connected to a drop hammer - Google Patents

Apparatus for generating a pressure wave in an elongated body operatively connected to a drop hammer Download PDF

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US3797585A
US3797585A US00298494A US3797585DA US3797585A US 3797585 A US3797585 A US 3797585A US 00298494 A US00298494 A US 00298494A US 3797585D A US3797585D A US 3797585DA US 3797585 A US3797585 A US 3797585A
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chamber
pile
hammer
liquid
impact
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B Ludvigson
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/20—Placing by pressure or pulling power
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E02D13/10—Follow-blocks of pile-drivers or like devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a method and a means for generating a pressure wave in an elongated body, one end which is acted upon by a drop hammer 1 through the intermediation of an impact cap designed to be elastically deformed in the direction of the impact, to bring about a driving of piles, sheet pilings, tubes or the like into the ground.
  • Piles are usually driven by means of repeated strokes of short and heavy drop hammer acting upon the top of the pile, called the pile head. If the drop hammer is permitted to contact the pile head directly the stresses therein during each moment of the impact will be proportional to the speed of the hammer. As the latter is rapidly braked by the counteraction of the pile, the pressure wave brought about by the impact will show a short and steep peak, the curve thereafter decreasing exponentially.
  • the shape of the impact wave may be changed in an advantageous manner.
  • a block of soft wood is introduced between the hammer and the pile. This type of cap will however never be ideal, as the properties of the wooden block will be altered during the piling operation and makes the calculation of the result of the hammering, and of the carrying capacity of the driven pile difficult.
  • the aim of the present invention is to propose a method, which on the one hand makes it possible to drive piles in a more safe and efficient manner than hitherto, and on the other hand provides a better base for calculating the carrying capacity of the pile after driving.
  • the impact cap is provided with means for adjusting the impact force in accordance with the occasional working conditions.
  • the movements of the head of the pile, or the changes of stresses in said head, during and after the impact are measured by ocular inspection or by an instrument. and the impact force is adjusted according to these readings.
  • the impact force is selected in such a manner that the head of the pile will be at rest and the stresses therein will be constant, when the pressure wave has passed.
  • the means according to the invention is characterized in that the cap is designed as a cylinder in which a piston is movable due to the action of the drop hammer against the action of a body of gas, the volume and pressure of which is determined by readings of the movements of the head and/or the changes of the stresses therein.
  • FIG. 1 shows the main component of one embodiment of the invention, as utilized for pile driving
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the cooperation between 0 drop hammer, impact cap and pile,
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows one embodiment of an impact cap
  • FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of an impact cap
  • FIG. 5 shows a modified embodiment of the upper part of the impact cap according to FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the impact cap.
  • the dropping moving of the hammer will simultaneously be braked.
  • the braking force is constant, as is the retardation.
  • the desirable constant speed at retardation. pile head prohibits a direct contact between drop hammer and pile.
  • the inertia must be transferred to the pile by means of a body, which permits deformation in the direction of impact, and which in the ideal case, above referred to, has such properties that the force causing the deformation also is constant.
  • the aims of the invention are explained by the following analysis, which describes the theoretical qualifications for an efficient utilization of the inertia of the drop hammer during the work to overcome the resistance of the ground to the entrance of the pile.
  • the method according to the invention is illustrated by the principal arrangement according to FIG. 1, in which guides and operating means are removed.
  • the drop hammer 1 the weight of which is H, drops against the elastic member 2 (here called the impact pile cap) which is compressed by a constant, or almost constant, force P.
  • This force P will also act upon the pile 3 and causes a compression (or a pressure wave) which moves from the head of the pile towards the point thereof with the velocity of sound, c, within the material of the pile, and the potential energy of which is utilized for overcoming the resistance of the ground to the entrance of the pile.
  • the hammer 1 is during the movement towards the cap accelerated by the force H, said acceleration being the same as the acceleration due to gravity, g.
  • the hammer 1 has the velocity v,,.
  • the force which acts upon the hammer 1 is composed partly of the force F from the cap 2, directed upwards, and partly of the weight H of the hammer l, which is directed' downwards.
  • the acceleration of the hammer 1 during the impact is a P- H/H
  • the value of 1-7 is small when compared to P, and the acceleration a can simply be written as a E (P/H)g.
  • the velocity of the hammer l at the point after the moment of impact is v v, a t.
  • the velocity of the hammer 1 is zero it has transferred all its inertia to the cap 2. This means that the time of impact t v /a is a condition for optimum utilization of the inertia of the hammer.
  • the part w of the total energy, which at the point of time, t, is transferred to the cap 2 is w t/t (2t/t,) and the distance over which the hammer 1 moves after the moment of impact is obtained by S v,, t a t /2.
  • the inertia of the hammer is now completely transferred to a potential energy in the pile and appears as a pressure wave with the pressure force P and the length Tc.
  • FIG. 2 The cooperation between hammer, cap and pile is illustratedloisally in FIG. 2.
  • the inclination of line A-A which is a tangent to the parabola at point A, shows the velocity of the hammer at the moment of impact v,,.
  • line A-B represents the movement of the pile head as a function of time
  • the difference be' tween the parabolic curve A-B and the straight line A-B represents the compression of the cap
  • the inclination ofline A-B denotes the velocity v,, of the pile head.
  • the reflected pressure of the wave at the point of the pile causes a tensile stress in the pile.
  • the resulting pressure wave is again reflected from the head of the pile and a new pressure wave runs towards the point of the pile.
  • This secondary pressure wave may, if the intencity thereof is sufficient, assist in the sinking of the pile. If Tc 2L the secondary pressure wave will assist the primary pressure wave, the impact period of which has not yet termnated.
  • the cap shall, beside the above mentioned properties, be designed in such a manner that the biasing of the cap is suited to the ground conditions in such a manner that the force transferred to the pile during the impact is equal to the resistance and also so the drop height of the hammer (or the velocity thereof at the moment of impact) is suited to the biasing of the cap, whereby the velocity at the moment of impact v, is equal to twice the velocity v,, of the pile head.
  • the method for driving piles presupposes an impact cap, which permits a deformation in the direction of impact and which transfer an impact force of predetermined magnitude to the pile.
  • the suitability of the magnitude of the impact force utilized is derived from the movement of the pile head after the impact, or from the stresses in the pile when the pressure wave has passed once.
  • These readings which may be made ocularly or by means of an instrument, provide a basis for the selection of thyimpact force with respect to the occasional working conditions, and the impact cap is provided with means for bringing about this adjustment.
  • the drop height of the hammer is observed ocularly or by means of an instrument to ascertain that the hammer is at rest when the deformation of the cap has returned to the starting point.
  • a cylinder 4 One end of a cylinder 4 is closed by a piston 5, the outwardly movement of which is determined by a shoulder 6 at the cylinder 4.
  • the opposite end of the cylinder is closed by a piston 7, the position of which is determined by a volume of liquid in a chamber 10 defined in the cylinder 4 by a shoulder 8, the piston 7 and a rod 9 connected thereto.
  • the chamber which is defined within cylinder 4 by pistons 5 and 7 is partly filled with a gas 11 under high pressure and partly by liquid 12.
  • the volume of liquid 12 communicates with the volume of liquid in chamber 10 by way of an adjustable valve 13 and two passages provided with nonreturn valves 14, which are designed in such a manner that they for a certain position of valve 13 permits liquid to pass in the direction from 12 to 10 and for another position of valve 13 permits liquid to pass from 10 to 12.
  • Valve 13 can be moved to a fully closed position, in which it prevents communication between 10 and 12.
  • Sealing means 15 are provided between cylinder 4 and pistons 5, 7 and rod 9.
  • the pile driving is brought about by permitting the hammer 1 to drop from height 11,, above piston 5, and it will meet the latter with a velocity v 2 3 h,,.
  • the piston 5 will be forced into cylinder 4 the interior of which is partly filled with gas 11 under high pressure.
  • piston 5 by hammer l is forced from its outwardly position shown on the drawing, the gas 11 will act on the one hand against the hammer 1, which is retarded, and on the other hand by way of the liquid 12 and piston 7 9 against the pile 3.
  • a pressure wave will be generated in the pile 3, which brings about a downwardly movement at the head of the pile with the velocity v,, the magnitude of which is proportional to the pressure of the gas 11.
  • the value of the drop height h and the pressure of the gas 11 is selected in such a manner that v,, E 2v
  • a certain value of the drop height h may be calculated, which provides the best utilization of the impact energy during the pile driving operation. In practice this optimum energy transfer may be checked by observing the movements of the hammer after the impact. If too big a drop height h is utilized then v 2 v and the hammer 1 will leave the piston 5 after the impact and perform an upwardly directed movement, the energy consumed thereby being lost to the pile driving. The hammer 1 will in other words bounce back from piston 5.
  • the energy transfer will be w 4 v /v (l v /v If the height of the fly back is denoted by h, the energy transfer may also be explained as w l h lh
  • the values of h, and h, may be observed during the driving operation, and h a be selected in such a manner that 11, will be small and approaches zero. The checking hereof may occur with or without an instrument.
  • the pressure wave generated in pile 3 will pass with the velocity of sound towards the point of the pile.
  • the pressure in the gas 11 is selected in the proper way with respect to the conditions of the ground all potential energy of the pressure wave will be utilized for the driving operation and the pile head will remain at rest when the impact period has passed.
  • the reflected wave will appear as a pressure wave which, when it reaches the pile head, will knock the cap 2 away in the direction upwards.
  • a proper pressure of gas 11 is thus a condition to ensure a high efficiency.
  • the pressure is adjusted by means of valve 13. If the gas pressure at 11 is too high valve 13 is adjusted in such a manner that liquid may pass from to 12, which is possible between the impact periods when the pressure at 10 is higher than the pressure at 12. The piston 7 will then be displaced in such a manner that the volume 11 of the gas will be bigger and the pressure reduced.
  • valve 13 is adjusted in such a manner that liquid may pass from 12 to 10, which is possible during the time of the impact. The pressure at 10 is then lower that at 12.
  • An adjustment of the gas pressure 11 may usually be required several times during the driving of a single pile, depending upon the changes in the resistance of the ground and will generally increase with the depth.
  • the means for adjusting valve 13 is not shown in FIG. 3, but can be designed to operate with mechanical or hydraulical transfer and be adjusted manually or by means of a motor.
  • the hammer will be lifted and released for each stroke, for instance by means of hoist or by an automatically working device, for instance utilizing the exhaust gas pressure of a internal combustion engine, acting as working cylinder.
  • Valve 13 may be substituted by a reversible pump 23, which transfers fluid from 10 to 12, or in the opposite direction.
  • FIG. 4 shows a modified embodiment of the invention, in which the impact cap described in connection with FIG. 3 has been developed in such a manner that the lifting of the hammer may be obtained by way of the expanding gas 11.
  • FIG. 2 graphically shows how the hammer 1 from the moment ofimpact, in the time axis denoted by point A, moves along the parabola A-B-C under the influence of force P from the cap.
  • point C the hammer 1 has the same velocity v,,, as at the moment of impact, but oppositely directed. If the time of the impact is interrupted at point C the hammer 1 will be returned to the starting point of the dropping movement, and the cycle would be repeated.
  • the head of the pile has been displaced the length v z.
  • the length of the impact time is 2v,,/a,,, i.e. twice as deformation v t.
  • This biasing shall be released during the stroke and provides the hammer l with an addition of energy Iiy t, which is required for automatic big as the pressure time obtainable with the arrangement according to FIG. 3. This means that the efficiency of the pile driving is doubled.
  • cylinder 4 One end of cylinder 4 is closed by a piston, arranged concentrically with the cylinder 4 and designed as a cylinder 16, one end of which is closed and the other end of which is open towards the space enclosed in cylinder 4.
  • Cylinder 16 is provided with sealing means at the end 6 of cylinder 4, as well as at an annular valve member 17, which may slide along and is sealed against the internal wall of cylinder 4.
  • Valve member 17 cooperates with a shoulder 18 at cylinder 16.
  • the opposite end of cylinder 4 is designed in principally the same manner as described in connection with FIG. 3.
  • the valve means 13 of FIG. 3 is however substituted by a reversible pump 23 having driving means 24. Gas 1 1 of high pressure is enclosed in cylinder 16. The remaining spaces are filled with liquid. The pressure of gas 11 forces cylinder 16 towards an upper position, in which member 17 abuts against shoulder 6 and seals against shoulder 18.
  • a further pump 19 driven by a further motor 20 transfers fluid from a chamber 12 to the annular chamber 21, which is defined within cylinders 4 and 16 and by valve member 17. Cylinder 16 will then be forced into cylinder 4 by the pressure inchamber 21, during which the gas 11 will be further compressed.
  • FIG. 5 An embodiment which works independently of the velocity of the drop hammer 11 is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the valve at 12 (FIG. 4) is here substituted by a valve, governed by a spigot 25, which extends downwards through the end portion of cylinder 16 turned towards the hammer.
  • This spigot 25 is connected to an annulus 26, which may be brought to cover a number of passages 27 in the wall of cylinder 16.
  • liquid is transferred from chamber 12 to chamber 21 in the same manner as above described.
  • hammer l forces the spigot 25 inwards the connection between 12 and 21 by way of passages 27 is opened, whereby the gas 11 may expand to act upon the hammer and the pile.
  • valve 27 will open independent of the velocity of the hammer at impact. This embodiment will however not imply any limitation for the case where v, v,,.
  • FIG. 5 A further modification of the automatically driven hammer is also shown in FIG. 5.
  • a valve body 28 In the part of cylinder 16 turned towards chamber 12 a valve body 28 is fitted, which normally permits passage of liquid between the spaces within cylinders 16 and 4 (12).
  • v v cylinder 16 When cylinder 16 is subjected to an impact, during which is presupposed that v v cylinder 16 will be forced into cylinder 4.
  • Valve body 28 will due to its own inertia and to the difference in pressure between chambers 11 and 12 seal between the end portion of cylinder 16.
  • the result hereof will be an occasional increased impact, which later, during expansion of the gas 11, is transferred into an impact force, which is determined by the pressure of the gas 1 1.
  • the embodiment is suitable with ground conditions providing a higher initial resistance for the pile than later on during its movement.
  • FIG. 4 it has been presupposed that the liquid is contained in different chambers within the cylinder, and is permitted to flow between the said chambers in governed quantities.
  • the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 6 includes a reservoir, within the impact cap, separated from the cylinder proper ll, 12. This cap is provided with a single piston 5, which is designed as a hollow cylinder 16, the enlarged end 31 of which seals against the internal wall of cylinder 4. The liquid is transferred from the reservoir to the cylinder, and vice versa, by means ofa reversible pump 23, driven by a motor 24.
  • Valve member 32 is axially displaceable in the chamber, defined between piston and the upper part of the cylinder, said member being designed in one position to seal against the upper face of the enlarged portion 31 of piston 5.
  • the cap operates in the same manner as described in connection with FIG. 4, with the difference that liquid is transferred during the impact from 34 to 30, passing between the outside of cylinder 16 and member 32 and through the one-way valve 33.
  • FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of FIG. 5.
  • a reservoir is built into the cap, separated from the chambers 11, 12.
  • the hammer forces the spigot inwards valve body 26 is displaced and the connection from chamber 34 to reservoir 30 by way of passages 36, 37 and 33 is opened.
  • the reservoir for the liquid may be separated from the cap and will communicate with the latter by way of liquid transferring conduits.
  • the drop hammer l and the cap 2 have been described as separate elements.
  • the drop hammer may be combined with, or connected to either the piston 5 or the cylinder 4, whereby the free part of the cap is designed to act upon the pile during the impact.
  • the additional energy transferred to gas 11 to provide an automatic operation may be obtained by designing chamber 34 of FIGS. 6 and 7 as connected to the working cylinder of an internal combustion engine, of a hot air engine.
  • gas at high pressure has been used the medium taking up the deformation during the impact period.
  • compressed gas any other elastic medium or elastic body, or a combination of elastic materials of different kinds may be utilized.
  • the frequency of the drop hammer I may be increased by an elastic device 29 (FIG. 1) which increases the acceleration of the hammer during the drop movement.
  • Braces for the forces from the device 29 may be arranged in suitable manner in the pile driving rig or the guides thereof, which are not shown on the drawing.
  • a device for generating a pressure wave in an elongated body one end of which, the head is acted upon by a drop hammer through the intermediation of a cap permitting an elastic deformation in the direction of impact
  • said cap comprising a cylinder and a piston biased by an elastic body enclosed in the cylinder and operable therein by the action of the drop hammer, the improvement of means defining at least two chambers within the cap a body of liquid within said chambers and means for selectively governing the flow of liquid between the chambers for governing the volume and the pressure of the elastic body.
  • the second piston is provided with a first passage for communication with said first chamber, and with two second passages for communication with a second chamber and with the first passage, the flow governing means being located intermediate all three passages to govern flow through them, each of the second passages being provided with a non-return valve, one being devised to prevent flow to the first chamber, and the other to permit flow thereto.
  • the flow governing means includes a reversible pump for transferring liquid from the first chamber to the second chamber, and vice versa.
  • the device according to claim 2 in which the first piston is designed as a hollow cylinder open towards the second chamber and adapted to receive a gaseous elastic body.
  • the flow govering means comprising a reversible pump for transferring liquid between the first and the second chambers and a further pump being provided for transferring liquid from the first chamber to the third chamber.
  • hammer is fitted within the hollow first piston for opening a passage between the second and the third chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
US00298494A 1971-10-18 1972-10-18 Apparatus for generating a pressure wave in an elongated body operatively connected to a drop hammer Expired - Lifetime US3797585A (en)

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SE13134/71A SE370099B (ja) 1971-10-18 1971-10-18

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US (1) US3797585A (ja)
CA (1) CA960876A (ja)
DE (1) DE2250848A1 (ja)
DK (1) DK142063B (ja)
FR (1) FR2157545A5 (ja)
GB (1) GB1374715A (ja)
NL (1) NL7214079A (ja)
NO (1) NO138493C (ja)
SE (1) SE370099B (ja)

Cited By (28)

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US4029158A (en) * 1974-08-09 1977-06-14 Laser Engineering Development Ltd. Pile driving apparatus
US4098355A (en) * 1977-01-27 1978-07-04 Raymond International Inc. Underwater hammer with circumferential flow seal
US4102408A (en) * 1976-02-25 1978-07-25 Birger Ludvigson Pile driving device
US4121671A (en) * 1977-05-10 1978-10-24 Joe Edward West Pile driving
US4187917A (en) * 1977-11-30 1980-02-12 Hydroacoustics, Inc. Pile driver
US4262755A (en) * 1977-04-15 1981-04-21 Koehring Gmbh Shock absorbing pile driver
US4362216A (en) * 1976-11-02 1982-12-07 Hollandsche Beton Groep N.V. Pile driving apparatus
US4465145A (en) * 1975-12-20 1984-08-14 Koehring Gmbh Cushioned drive cap for a pile driver
US4476941A (en) * 1982-06-29 1984-10-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Motor-driven hand-held percussion tool
US4802538A (en) * 1986-02-20 1989-02-07 Brian Hays Piling hammer
US6257352B1 (en) 1998-11-06 2001-07-10 Craig Nelson Rock breaking device
US6959760B1 (en) * 1999-11-29 2005-11-01 Shell Oil Company Downhole pulser
US7694747B1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2010-04-13 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Preloaded drop hammer for driving piles
US7854571B1 (en) 2005-07-20 2010-12-21 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Systems and methods for handling piles
US20110162859A1 (en) * 2010-01-06 2011-07-07 White John L Pile driving systems and methods employing preloaded drop hammer
US8434969B2 (en) 2010-04-02 2013-05-07 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Internal pipe clamp
WO2015086900A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-18 Pentti Heinonen Piling method and apparatus
CN104947667A (zh) * 2014-03-28 2015-09-30 德尔马格有限责任两合公司 撞锤
US9255375B2 (en) 2009-05-27 2016-02-09 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Helmet adapter for pile drivers
US20180127941A1 (en) * 2015-04-17 2018-05-10 Junttan Oy Method for pile-driving
US10273646B2 (en) 2015-12-14 2019-04-30 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Guide systems and methods for diesel hammers
US10538892B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2020-01-21 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Hydraulic impact hammer systems and methods
WO2020153838A1 (en) 2019-01-21 2020-07-30 Itrec B.V. Pile driving methods and systems for driving a pile
NL2023210B1 (en) 2019-03-28 2020-10-06 Itrec Bv Pile driving method and system for driving a pile.
WO2020263096A1 (en) 2019-06-28 2020-12-30 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Pile-driver assembly and method for driving a pile into the ground
CN113597491A (zh) * 2019-01-21 2021-11-02 伊特里克公司 打桩方法和用于打桩的系统
US20240263417A1 (en) * 2022-05-26 2024-08-08 Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. Tool for offshore wind power foundation pile and method for using same
US12123160B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2024-10-22 Iqip Holding B.V. Pile-driver assembly and method for driving a pile into the ground

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE413603B (sv) * 1976-12-03 1980-06-09 Stabilator Ab Anordning for drivning av foremal medelst tryck- eller dragkraft
GB1576289A (en) * 1977-07-15 1980-10-08 Hollandsche Betongroep Nv Apparatus for driving piles amd similar objects
JPS63189522A (ja) * 1987-01-30 1988-08-05 Takahashi Eng:Kk 杭打ち装置

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US675319A (en) * 1900-06-22 1901-05-28 William S Boyd Rd Rock-drill.
US2184745A (en) * 1938-05-10 1939-12-26 Raymond Concrete Pile Co Cushion for pile driving
US2723532A (en) * 1955-11-15 Pile driving cap block
US3417828A (en) * 1965-02-03 1968-12-24 Hollandse Beton Mij N V Method for driving piles and similar objects
US3606296A (en) * 1968-03-05 1971-09-20 Pierre Chassagne Apparatus for absorbing shocks and vibrations
US3645345A (en) * 1970-07-14 1972-02-29 Horace W Olsen Dynamic pile-driving shoes
US3646598A (en) * 1969-06-25 1972-02-29 Bolt Associates Inc Pile driver systems apparatus and method for driving a pile
US3714789A (en) * 1970-12-29 1973-02-06 Bolt Associates Inc Automatically self-regulating variable-stroke, variable-rate and quiet-operating pile driver method and system
US3721095A (en) * 1971-08-23 1973-03-20 Bolt Associates Inc Controllable force method and system of driving piles

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US2723532A (en) * 1955-11-15 Pile driving cap block
US675319A (en) * 1900-06-22 1901-05-28 William S Boyd Rd Rock-drill.
US2184745A (en) * 1938-05-10 1939-12-26 Raymond Concrete Pile Co Cushion for pile driving
US3417828A (en) * 1965-02-03 1968-12-24 Hollandse Beton Mij N V Method for driving piles and similar objects
US3606296A (en) * 1968-03-05 1971-09-20 Pierre Chassagne Apparatus for absorbing shocks and vibrations
US3646598A (en) * 1969-06-25 1972-02-29 Bolt Associates Inc Pile driver systems apparatus and method for driving a pile
US3645345A (en) * 1970-07-14 1972-02-29 Horace W Olsen Dynamic pile-driving shoes
US3714789A (en) * 1970-12-29 1973-02-06 Bolt Associates Inc Automatically self-regulating variable-stroke, variable-rate and quiet-operating pile driver method and system
US3721095A (en) * 1971-08-23 1973-03-20 Bolt Associates Inc Controllable force method and system of driving piles

Cited By (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4029158A (en) * 1974-08-09 1977-06-14 Laser Engineering Development Ltd. Pile driving apparatus
US4465145A (en) * 1975-12-20 1984-08-14 Koehring Gmbh Cushioned drive cap for a pile driver
US4102408A (en) * 1976-02-25 1978-07-25 Birger Ludvigson Pile driving device
US4362216A (en) * 1976-11-02 1982-12-07 Hollandsche Beton Groep N.V. Pile driving apparatus
US4098355A (en) * 1977-01-27 1978-07-04 Raymond International Inc. Underwater hammer with circumferential flow seal
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Publication number Publication date
NO138493C (no) 1978-09-13
DE2250848A1 (de) 1973-04-26
GB1374715A (en) 1974-11-20
DK142063B (da) 1980-08-18
FR2157545A5 (ja) 1973-06-01
DK142063C (ja) 1981-01-12
NL7214079A (ja) 1973-04-24
SE370099B (ja) 1974-09-30
CA960876A (en) 1975-01-14
NO138493B (no) 1978-06-05

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