US3795505A - Production of deoxidated,depurated,killed and refined steels using aluminum-lithium alloys - Google Patents
Production of deoxidated,depurated,killed and refined steels using aluminum-lithium alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3795505A US3795505A US00190402A US3795505DA US3795505A US 3795505 A US3795505 A US 3795505A US 00190402 A US00190402 A US 00190402A US 3795505D A US3795505D A US 3795505DA US 3795505 A US3795505 A US 3795505A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloys
- steel
- alloy
- aluminum
- lithium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 21
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 57
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 57
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 50
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 50
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007857 Li-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007960 Li-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008447 Li—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006564 Li—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCVHBUFELUXTLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[AlH3] Chemical compound [Li].[AlH3] FCVHBUFELUXTLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of alloys consisting essentially of aluminum-lithium for the purpose of deoxldizing, depurating, killing and refining any kind of carbonor alloy-steel.
- the alloys used in the process of the invention contain from 50 to 99.7% of aluminum and from 0.3 to 8% of lithium; they may also suitably contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare earths (TR), Ca, Ba, Fe and B, in percentage ranges as follows:
- the present invention relates to alloys consisting of or comprising aluminium-lithium for the purpose of deoxidizing, depurating, killing and refining low, high and medium carbon steels, and also alloy-steels.
- the invention provides also the method for the production of such steels deoxidated, depurated, killed and refined by the above mentioned alloys, which greatly improve their physicalmechanical characteristics.
- the present invention relates to aluminium-alloys which comprise from 50 to 99.7% of aluminium and from 0.3 to 8% of lithium. All percentage referred in the present application are by weight.
- the most detrimental non-metallic impurities contained in the steels, at the elementary or combined state, are: oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur.
- aluminium has been employed to deoxidate, kill and refine steels, but it produces alumina inclusions and forms aluminium nitride which may impart poor engineering properties to the steel. Moreover the aluminium seems to influence the distribution and the type of the metal sulfide inclusions and, depending on the quantity of aluminium added to the liquid steel, the sulfide inclusions may assume such distributions which are highly harmful to the characteristics of the steels.
- Li-Al alloys were afterwards no more considered for depurating molten steel, as can be drawn e.g. from the Revue de Metallurgie, 1963, where methods for adding metal lithium to molten steel are considered and where it is concluded that such methods-often asso- United States Patent 6 ciated with argon bubbling through the molten steelare unsatisfactory because of explosion danger and because only a small percentage of the added lithium is utilized while the greatest part is lost through evaporation; the boiling point of Li being of 1325 C.
- lithium additions to molten steel can notably improve its mechanical characteristics, in that it lowers the oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and sulphur content of the steel, it allows a reduction of inclusions and exerts a grain refining action.
- the Li content may not be higher than 8%, otherwise when adding the alloy to the ladle it may cause dangerous molten steel projection, refractories corrosions, contamination of the steel by A1 0 inclusions, etc.
- a Al-Li-Fe alloy having 8% of Li, 10% of Fe and 82% of Al is a quite stable one.
- One portion of rare earths added to the new alloys hereabove described correspond, for the purpose of the present invention, approximately 0.5 parts of cerium or to 0.2 parts of lanthanum.
- alloys of the present invention such as: Si, Mn, Ni, Ti, Zr, Fe, Y, Mg.
- Si, Mn, Ni, Ti, Zr, Fe, Y, Mg Various other elements may be added to the alloys of the present invention such as: Si, Mn, Ni, Ti, Zr, Fe, Y, Mg.
- an economic advantage may be obtained or a special steel endowed with peculiar characteristics.
- the alloys in order to attain the principal object of the present invention, the alloys must have an A1 content higher than 50%, the lithium content being always comprised bewteen 0.3 and 8%.
- the following percentages of Li: 0.3, 1.2 and 8%, in the Al alloys are critical experiments A, B, C were carried out.
- Example I, II and III the performances of steels treated with the alloys of the invention are reported.
- Alloy Al-Li with 1% Li total inclusions 107 p.p.m.; FeO 7.4%; A1 0 16%; SiO 32%; MnO 22%; others 22.6%.
- Alloy Al-Li with 1.5% Li total inclusions 91 p.p.m.; FeO 9%; A1 0 15%; SiO MnO 25%; others 20%.
- the temperature of the molten steel was in the range of 1590 C.-l630 C. The same steel and technique were used throughout. Li-Al-Ca alloys with pure Al, total inclusions p.p.m. 187, FeO 18%,
- alloys from c onwards (not considering aluminum metal, named a, and alloy b, only used for comparative purposes), which are mentioned only as illustrative but not as limitative of the invention, have been successfully applied:
- All the alloys of the present invention may be employed for the production of low, medium and high carbon steels, and also for the production of low, medium and high alloy steels as for example stainless steel, chrome and manganese steels.
- addition percentage of these alloys to the steel may vary depending on the steel-type treated and also on the employment field which the steel is destined to. In any case these additions are limited as follows: from 0.01 to 0.16%, i.e. from grs. to 1600 grs. per ton of liquid steel.
- the new alloys are added to the steel by plunging it down to the bottom of the filled ladle; alternatively the alloy may be introduced at the bottom of the ladle where thereafter the molten steel is poured.
- the alloy uniformly reacts with all the liquid mass.
- alloy in the furnace or in the ingot moul in shapes such as stars, pellets, wires, etc.
- the present invention may be successfully used in all those fields of metallurgical industry wherein Al has been used up to date to kill and refine steel, as well as to control its grain size to obtain higher purity qualities.
- the invention is hereafter illustrated by the examples in which, for comparison purposes, the same steel are treated with A1 alone and with alloys, consisting of or comprising Al-Li. All percentages are by weight.
- Trglalrted o The following steels. glfig a 33;, m 2 am 2.7
- Type I c 0.24Mn 0.72-Si 0.26-P 0.024 0.03
- S Type II C 0.32-Mn 1.60Si 0.25-P 0.02S 0.03
- Type of inclusions according to ASTM 45/63 Type III C 0.42Mn- 0.75--Si 0.25P 0.015S 0.03
- AHOY number A B G D E treated in the molten state as 1nd1cated, thereafter normal- Treated with ized at 850 C.
- Type I steel AI a 53.20 30.70 30.00 51.20 4.95 .Al-TR b 53.25 30 .80 30.60 53 .40 5.80 Al-Li-TR 11 53.25 31.40 31.40 56.30 6.74
- Type II steel a 65.20 44.50 27.2 55.00 6.32 .Al-TR b 65.60 44.60 27.8 56.70 6.48 Al-Li-TR 11 66.20 44.95 23.6 60 .50 7.30
- Type III steel Al a 65.6 39.10 24.2 37.5 2.54 Al-TR b 65.7 40.20 25.1 39 .4 2.81 AI-Li-TR n 66.3 41.60 27.8 .6 3.42
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT1470367 | 1967-04-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3795505A true US3795505A (en) | 1974-03-05 |
Family
ID=11145347
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00190402A Expired - Lifetime US3795505A (en) | 1967-04-07 | 1971-10-18 | Production of deoxidated,depurated,killed and refined steels using aluminum-lithium alloys |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3795505A (it) |
| AT (1) | AT279660B (it) |
| BE (1) | BE697768A (it) |
| CH (1) | CH492024A (it) |
| DE (1) | DE1558462B1 (it) |
| ES (1) | ES340068A1 (it) |
| GB (1) | GB1182155A (it) |
| LU (1) | LU53462A1 (it) |
| SE (1) | SE342652B (it) |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4121923A (en) * | 1976-08-11 | 1978-10-24 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Crystalline structure in continuously cast steel ingot |
| US4161400A (en) * | 1976-07-15 | 1979-07-17 | Molycorp, Inc. | Methods of desulphurizing fluid materials |
| US4224058A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1980-09-23 | Molycorp, Inc. | Methods of desulphurizing fluid materials |
| US4379719A (en) * | 1981-11-20 | 1983-04-12 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum powder alloy product for high temperature application |
| US4464199A (en) * | 1981-11-20 | 1984-08-07 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum powder alloy product for high temperature application |
| US4507149A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1985-03-26 | Union Oil Company Of California | Desulfurization of fluid materials |
| US4604268A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1986-08-05 | Kay Alan R | Methods of desulfurizing gases |
| US4714598A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1987-12-22 | Kay D Alan R | Methods of desulfurizing gases |
| US4826664A (en) * | 1980-07-31 | 1989-05-02 | Kay D Alan R | Methods of desulfurizing gases |
| US4826738A (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1989-05-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Oxidation and corrosion resistant chromia forming coatings |
| US4832910A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1989-05-23 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum-lithium alloys |
| US4857280A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1989-08-15 | Kay D Alan R | Method for the regeneration of sulfided cerium oxide back to a form that is again capable of removing sulfur from fluid materials |
| US4885145A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1989-12-05 | Kay D Alan R | Method for providing oxygen ion vacancies in lanthanide oxides |
| US4895201A (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1990-01-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Oxidation resistant superalloys containing low sulfur levels |
| US5326737A (en) * | 1980-07-31 | 1994-07-05 | Gas Desulfurization Corporation | Cerium oxide solutions for the desulfurization of gases |
| CN103290270A (zh) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-11 | 锡山区羊尖泓之盛五金厂 | 一种用于汽车轮毂的铝锂合金及其制备工艺 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB266696A (en) * | 1926-02-25 | 1928-08-09 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | Improvements in or relating to bearing metal alloys |
| GB787665A (en) * | 1955-04-05 | 1957-12-11 | Stone & Company Charlton Ltd J | Improvements relating to aluminium-base alloys |
-
1967
- 1967-04-19 LU LU53462D patent/LU53462A1/xx unknown
- 1967-04-24 SE SE5722/67A patent/SE342652B/xx unknown
- 1967-04-24 AT AT383667A patent/AT279660B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-04-28 BE BE697768D patent/BE697768A/xx unknown
- 1967-05-02 ES ES340068A patent/ES340068A1/es not_active Expired
- 1967-05-09 DE DE19671558462 patent/DE1558462B1/de active Pending
- 1967-05-19 GB GB23327/67A patent/GB1182155A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-05-22 CH CH714967A patent/CH492024A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1971
- 1971-10-18 US US00190402A patent/US3795505A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4161400A (en) * | 1976-07-15 | 1979-07-17 | Molycorp, Inc. | Methods of desulphurizing fluid materials |
| US4121923A (en) * | 1976-08-11 | 1978-10-24 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Crystalline structure in continuously cast steel ingot |
| US4224058A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1980-09-23 | Molycorp, Inc. | Methods of desulphurizing fluid materials |
| US4885145A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1989-12-05 | Kay D Alan R | Method for providing oxygen ion vacancies in lanthanide oxides |
| US4857280A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1989-08-15 | Kay D Alan R | Method for the regeneration of sulfided cerium oxide back to a form that is again capable of removing sulfur from fluid materials |
| US4507149A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1985-03-26 | Union Oil Company Of California | Desulfurization of fluid materials |
| US4604268A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1986-08-05 | Kay Alan R | Methods of desulfurizing gases |
| US4714598A (en) * | 1979-04-19 | 1987-12-22 | Kay D Alan R | Methods of desulfurizing gases |
| US4826664A (en) * | 1980-07-31 | 1989-05-02 | Kay D Alan R | Methods of desulfurizing gases |
| US5326737A (en) * | 1980-07-31 | 1994-07-05 | Gas Desulfurization Corporation | Cerium oxide solutions for the desulfurization of gases |
| US4464199A (en) * | 1981-11-20 | 1984-08-07 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum powder alloy product for high temperature application |
| US4379719A (en) * | 1981-11-20 | 1983-04-12 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum powder alloy product for high temperature application |
| US4832910A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1989-05-23 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum-lithium alloys |
| US4826738A (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1989-05-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Oxidation and corrosion resistant chromia forming coatings |
| US4895201A (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1990-01-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Oxidation resistant superalloys containing low sulfur levels |
| CN103290270A (zh) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-11 | 锡山区羊尖泓之盛五金厂 | 一种用于汽车轮毂的铝锂合金及其制备工艺 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| LU53462A1 (it) | 1967-06-19 |
| ES340068A1 (es) | 1968-07-01 |
| AT279660B (de) | 1970-03-10 |
| BE697768A (it) | 1967-10-02 |
| SE342652B (it) | 1972-02-14 |
| GB1182155A (en) | 1970-02-25 |
| DE1558462B1 (de) | 1971-03-11 |
| CH492024A (de) | 1970-06-15 |
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