US3792215A - Electrical load-break apparatus - Google Patents

Electrical load-break apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3792215A
US3792215A US00254266A US3792215DA US3792215A US 3792215 A US3792215 A US 3792215A US 00254266 A US00254266 A US 00254266A US 3792215D A US3792215D A US 3792215DA US 3792215 A US3792215 A US 3792215A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
probe
arc
opening
sleeve
quenching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00254266A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Keto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Inc USA
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3792215A publication Critical patent/US3792215A/en
Assigned to ABB POWER T&D COMPANY, INC., A DE CORP. reassignment ABB POWER T&D COMPANY, INC., A DE CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION, A CORP. OF PA.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/76—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts; Selection of material therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates, in general, to electrical loadbreak apparatus and, more specifically, to electrical load-break apparatus having arc-quenching means.
  • load-break devices are used in various applications to disconnect electrical power from energized apparatus such as power transformers. Although load-break devices are capable of interrupting electrical current having a large magnitude, desirable loadbreak devices must also disconnect the electrical apparatus when power is not being transferred through the load-break device, that is under no-load conditions. It is also desirable in many applications that the loadbreak device contain means forlimiting the amount of current which may flow therethrough. Generally, current limiting is accomplished by a current limiting fuse which is part of the load-break device.
  • load-break devices are presently being used.
  • One type of load-break device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,628,092, whichis assigned to the same ,assignee as this invention.
  • the load-break device described therein is suitable for use with 95 KV BIL circuits.
  • Another type of load-break device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,732,517, whichis also assigned to the same assignee as this invention.
  • the are snuffing arrangements described therein permit the use of the load-break device with 125 KV BIL circuits.
  • the current path provided by the load-break device travels through a probe and a probe receiver which includes a contact structure.
  • An arc-quenching sleeve is disposed around the probe with resilient means positioned to slide the arc-quenching sleeve along the probe when the probe is withdrawn from the contact structure to disconnect or break the load.
  • the probe includes a conducting portion and an insulating portion. The conducting portion exists from the contact structure before the insulating portion during a loadbreak sequence.
  • the arc-quenching sleeve slides along the probe and blocks the path of any arc which strikes between the conducting portion and the contact structure.
  • the arc-quenching sleeve is constructed on an insulating material which exhibits arc-extinguishing properties.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view, partially in section, of a load-break device constructed according to an embodiment of this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial elevational view illustrating the lower portion of the load-break device shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial elevational view of the load-break device shown in FIG. 2 in the disengaged position
  • FIG. 4 is a partial elevational view of a load-break device constructed according to another embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial elevational view of an elbow-type load-break device constructed according to the teachings of this invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a load-break device constructed according to this invention.
  • the load-break device is mounted on an electrical'apparatus enclosure 10, such as a power or distribution transformer casing.
  • a mounting coupling 12 is attached to the enclosure 10 by a suitable method, such as by the weld bead 14.
  • a threaded adapter 16 is attached to the upper portion of the load-break device casing 18 and is threadably engaged with the mounting coupling 12.
  • Retainer springs 20 lock the top cap 22 of the removable fuse assembly 24 into position when the fuse assembly 24 is fully inserted into the fuse casing 26 of the load-break device.
  • the eye bolt 28 is secured to the removable fuse assembly 24 and provides means for pulling the fuse assembly 24 from the fuse casing 26.
  • the fuse casing 26 includes the upper fuse casing portion 18, the upper casing contact 30, the lower fuse casing portion 32, and the lower casing contact 34. Terminal lugs 36 and 38 are attached to the upper and lower casing contacts 30 and 34, respectively, for providing means for connecting the load-break device to its associated electrical circuits.
  • the upper fuse casing portion 18 and the lower fuse casing portion 32 are normally constructed of an insulating material.
  • the upper casing contact 30 and the lower casing contact 34 are normally constructed of a conducting material suitably attached to the insulating casing portions 18 and 32.
  • the removable fuse assembly 24 includes an insulated shaft member 40 which is mechanically connected to the upper end of the current limiting fuse 42.
  • the sliding contact 44 electrically connects the upper end 46 of the current limiting fuse 42 to the upper casing contact 30 when the removable fuse assembly 24 is locked in the position illustrated in FIG. 1, which is the load-make position.
  • a probe 48 is attached to the lower end 50 of the current limiting fuse 42. The probe 48 and the probe receiver 52 complete the electrical path between the circuit terminal lugs 36 and 38.
  • current entering lug 36 travels through the upper casing contact 30, the sliding contact 44, the upper current limiting fuse end 46, the fusible element which is not illustrated, the lower current limiting fuse end 50, the probe 48, the probe receiver 52, the lower casing contact 34, the circuit terminal lug 38, and then to the electrical circuit associated therewith.
  • the probe 48 includes an upper portion 54 which is constructed of an electrically conducting material and attached to the lower end 50 of the fuse 42 by the stud 58.
  • the probe 48 also includes a lower portion 56 which is constructed of a suitable electrically insulating material and which is attached to the end 82 of the probe portion 54.
  • a suitable insulating material for the probe portion 56 would be methyl methacrylate with a percent glass filler.
  • the probe 48 is longitudinally shaped, that is having a length dimension substantially greater than its width or depth dimensions. Although other tubular shapes'rnay be used, the probe 48 is normally cylindrically shaped with the lower end 60 of the probe portion 56 tapered to facilitate insertion into the probe receiver 52.
  • the probe receiver 52 includes a finger contact structure 62 which has springs 64 positioned thereon to maintain contact pressure between the finger contact structure 62 and the conducting probe portion 54.
  • the finger contact structure 62 is threadably engaged with the boss projection 66 from the lower casing terminal '34.
  • the finger contact structure 62 has dimensions which allow the probe 48 to readily engage with the finger contact structure 62 when the fuse assembly 24 is inserted into the fuse casing 26.
  • An arc-quenching sleeve68 is positioned around the probe 48.
  • the arc-quenching sleeve 68 is constructed of a suitable insulating material such as methyl methacrylate with a 20 percent glass filler.
  • the arc-quenching sleeve 68 includes a base portion 70 and tubular side portions 72 and 74 which extend from the base portion 70.
  • An opening 75 in the base portion 70 permits the penetration of the probe through the arc-quenching sleeve 68 and allows the arc-quenching sleeve 68 to slide along the probe 48.
  • the outer tubular guide member 76 is attached to the lower fuse end 50 and is constructed of an insulating material.
  • the projections 78 on the guide member 76 keep the probe 48 aligned with the probe receiver 52 when the removable fuse assembly 24 is being inserted into the fuse casing 26.
  • the guide member 76 also includes the projections 80 which limit or stop the sliding movement of the arcquenching sleeve 68 along the probe 48.
  • the guide member 76 defines the space in which the arcquenching sleeve 68 slides and, along with the side portions 72 and 74, guide the arc-quenching sleeve 68 through the space defined by the guide member 76 and the probe 48.
  • the probe receiver 52 and the probe 48 become disengaged. While being disengaged under load, an are usually strikes between the conducting portion 54 of the probe 48 and the contact structure 62. The are strikes as the end 82 of the conducting portion 54 leaves the top of the contact structure 62. As the probe 48 is disengaged from the probe receiver 52, the arc-quenching sleeve slides along the probe 48 and remains seated substantially on the top of the contact structure 62 due to the force from the spring 84. Thus, the insulated portion 56 of the probe 48 is drawn through the arc-quenching sleeve 68.
  • the arc in order for the arc to persist, it must traverse a path between the insulated portion 56 and the arc-quenching sleeve 68.
  • the dimensions of the probe 48 and the arcquenching sleeve 68 are selected to provide a relatively tight fit between the arc-quenching sleeve 68 and the probe 48. However, the fit is sufficiently loose to permit satisfactory sliding of the arc-quenching sleeve 68 along the probe 48.
  • the material of the sleeve 68 contains arc-extinguishing properties which alsoaid in quenching the arc.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the load-break device in the disengaged position.
  • the arc-quenching sleeve 68 is positioned substantially between the conducting portion 54 of the probe 48 and the contact structure 62. Therefore, the path therebetween is effectively blocked, thus any arcing is quenched.
  • gases generated by an arc before it is quenched by the sliding sleeve 68 are confined to the region containing the spring 84 and thus help slide the sleeve 68 to quench the arc. Therefore, as the intensity of the arc increases, the slide producing force acting on the arcquenching sleeve 68 is increased.
  • the projections 80 from the guide member 76 limit the movement of' the arc-quenching sleeve 68 and prevent ejection of the arc-quenching sleeve 68 from the removable fuse assembly 24 when withdrawn from the fuse casing 26.
  • the probe 48, the arc-quenching sleeve 68, and the probe receiver 52 may be interchanged, that is, the probe receiver would be attached to the fuse 42, andthe probe 48 with the arc-quenching sleeve 68 therearound would be attached to the lower casing contact 34. 7
  • FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of this invention.
  • the probe 48 is attached to the lower casing contact 34 by the stud 86.
  • the probe receiver 52 is attached to the lower fuse end 50 by the stud 88 and by the support member 90.
  • the finger contact 62 and the probe 48 are dimensioned similarly to the same components in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, and are also constructed of materials as herebefore described.
  • the arc-quenching sleeve 92 is constructed of an electrically insulating material such as methyl methacrylate with a 20 percent glass filler.
  • the arc-quenching sleeve 92 includes a base portion 94 with an opening 96 therein through which the probe 48 extends.
  • Tubular side portions 98 and 100 extend axially from the base portion 94 and aid in guiding the arc-quenching sleeve 92along the probe 48.
  • the strap 102 is attached to the arc-quenching sleeve 92 and to the lower casing contact 34 to limit the distance the arc-quenching sleeve 92 can slide along the probe 48.
  • the base portion 94 of the arc-quenching sleeve 92 is positioned substantially even with the tapered end 60 of the insulated probe portion 56. In this position, the tubular side portion 98 blocks the arc path between the contact structure 62 and the conducting portion 54, thus the arc is quenched.
  • Bypass grooves 104 on the outside of the conducting portion 54 of the probe 48 allow are generated gases to flow into the region occupied by the spring 106 to aid the sliding force provided by the spring 106.
  • the spring 106 is shown in FIG. 4 in a compressed state. It is also within the contemplation of this invention that, in all of the embodiments disclosed herein, the insulated probe portion, such as the probe portion 56, may be con structed of a member having an insulating layer or coating disposed thereon. Y
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an elbow-type connector having a body member 108 with a tubular opening 110 therein.
  • the flange 112 protrudes from the body member 108 and is attached to the apparatus casing l 14 by the bolts 116 and by the ring 118.
  • the body member 108 is constructed of an insulating material such as an epoxy resin.
  • An electrical terminal 120 is positioned at the lower end of the tubular opening 110 and provides an electrical connection point for connecting the lower end of the body member 108 to the associated electrical circuit.
  • the removable connector assembly 122 contains a tubular opening 124 therein which is dimensioned to fit over the upper portion 126 of the body member 108.
  • the body of the removable connector asssembly 122 is constructed of an elastomeric material.
  • the detent 128 locks the removable connector assembly 122 to the body member 108 when the connector is engaged to provide a current path.
  • a cable connecting member 130 is contained within the body of the removable connector assembly 122 and provides means for electrically connecting a conducting cable to the probe receiver 131.
  • the finger contact structure 132 is attached to the cable connecting member 130 by the stud 134.
  • the probe 136 includes an insulating portion 138 and a conducting portion 140 which are joined together at the junction 142.
  • the conducting portion 140 is attached to the terminal 120 by the stud 144 and has a smaller diameter below the shoulder 146 than above the shoulder 146.
  • a tubular arc-quenching sleeve 148 having a tubular opening 150 therethrough is positioned around the probe 136.
  • the arc-quenching sleeve 148 is constructed of a suitable insulating material, preferably of a material which exhibits arc-extinguishing properties.
  • the opening 150 is dimensioned to slide closely over the part of the conducting portion 140 which is located above the shoulder 146 and over the insulating portion 138.
  • Resilient means such as the compressed spring 152, moves the arc-quenching sleeve 148 along the probe 136 when the connector assembly 122 is being removed.
  • the ring 154 limits the movement of the arcquenching sleeve 148 by stopping the upward movement of the arc-quenching sleeve 148 when the ring 154 contacts the shoulder 146.
  • the arc-quenching sleeve 148 Operation of the arc-quenching sleeve 148 is similar to the operation described herein concerning the other embodiments of this invention. Briefly, as the connector assembly 122 is removed, the probe 136 disengages from the probe receiver 131. While disengaging, the arc-quenching sleeve 148 slides across the junction 142 and blocks the path of any arc occurring between the conducting portion 140 and the finger contact structure 132. The inside wall of the tubular opening 110 moved. Thus, accidental contact with a potential on the conducting portion 140 is substantially eliminated.
  • Electrical load-break apparatus comprising longitudinal probe means having first and second ends, probe receiver means which is engagable with said longitudinal probe means, an arc-quenching sleeve having an opening therein through which said probe means exand second portions, said first portion being con-' structed of an electrically conducting material and forming the first end of the probe means, said second portion being constructed of an electrically insulating material and forming the second end of the probe means.
  • the electrical load-break apparatus of claim 2 wherein the first portion of the longitudinal probe means contains bypass means which allows gases formed during arcing to flow through the opening in the arc-quenching sleeve and into the region occupied by the resilient means.
  • the electrical load-break apparatus of claim 1 including guide means which guides the arc-quenching sleeve along the probe means.
  • Electrical load-break apparatus comprising a tubular casing having first and second ends, said first casing end having terminal means thereon, said second casing end having an opening thereat, a removable fuse assembly insertable through the opening at said second casing end, probe receiver means including contact means electrically connected to the first casing end, said fuse assembly comprising a shaft member, a fuse member having first and second ends, said first fuse end being'attached to said shaft member and to contact means, probe means comprising a longitudinal electrically conducting member having first and second ends, a longitudinal electrically insulating member having first and second ends, the first ends of said conducting and insulating members being attached to each other,
  • an arc-quenching sleeve having a base portion with an opening therein and side portions extending therefrom, said probe means extending through the opening in said arc-quenching sleeve, resilient means providing a force on the base portion of said arc-quenching sleeve which acts in a direction away from the second fuse end, means for confining any are generated gases which travel through the opening in said arc-quenching sleeve, said confinement of gases aiding the force provided by said resilient means, and limit means which stops the movement of said arcquenching sleeve along the probe means.
  • Electrical load-break apparatus comprising a tubular casing having first and second ends, said first casing end having terminal means thereon, said second casing end having an opening thereat, a removable fuse assembly insertable through the opening at said second casing end, said fuse assembly comprising a shaft member, a fuse member having first and second ends, probe receiver means vincluding contact means electrically connected to the second end of said fuse member, probe means comprising a longitudinal electrically conducting member having first and second ends, a longitudinal electrically insulating member having first and second ends, the first ends of said conducting and insulating members being attached to each other, said second end of said conducting member being connected to said terminal means at the first casing end, said conducting and insulating members being dimensioned to permit penetration into the contact means of said probe receiver, an arc-quenching sleeve having a base portion with an opening therein and a tubular side portion extending axially from said base portion, said probe means extending through the opening in said arcquenching sleeve, resilient means providing
  • Electrical load-break apparatus comprising a body member having first and second ends and mounting means thereon, said first body member end having terminal means thereat, said second body member end having an opening thereat, a removable connector assembly comprising cableconnector means, probe receiver means including contact means electrically connected to said cable connector means, said probe receiver means being insertable through the opening at said second body member end, probe means comprising a longitudinal electrically conducting member having first and second ends, a longitudinal electrically insulating member having first and second ends, the first ends of said conducting and insulating members being attached to each other, the second end of said conducting member being connected to said terminal means at the first body member end, said conducting and insulating members being dimensioned to permit penetration into the contact means of said probe receiver means, a tubular arc-quenching sleeve having an opening therein, said probe means extending through the opening in said arc-quenching sleeve, resilient means providing a force on said arc-quenching sleeve which acts in a direction away from said terminal means

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  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Cable Accessories (AREA)
  • Measuring Leads Or Probes (AREA)
US00254266A 1972-05-17 1972-05-17 Electrical load-break apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3792215A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US25426672A 1972-05-17 1972-05-17

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US3792215A true US3792215A (en) 1974-02-12

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US00254266A Expired - Lifetime US3792215A (en) 1972-05-17 1972-05-17 Electrical load-break apparatus

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US (1) US3792215A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5240031B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA954568A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3984651A (en) * 1975-05-01 1976-10-05 Mcgraw-Edison Company Electrical loadbreak arc quenching and containing assembly
US4059816A (en) * 1975-11-20 1977-11-22 Mcgraw-Edison Company Electrical loadbreak fuse and canister assembly
US4068913A (en) * 1975-09-03 1978-01-17 Amerace Corporation Electrical connector apparatus
US4083028A (en) * 1975-12-15 1978-04-04 A.B. Chance Company Pad-mounted double-fused vacuum switchgear
US4192572A (en) * 1973-10-15 1980-03-11 Amerace Corporation Electrical connector apparatus
US4275372A (en) * 1979-12-17 1981-06-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Protected electrical inductive apparatus
US4318150A (en) * 1979-12-17 1982-03-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Protected electrical inductive apparatus
US4688143A (en) * 1986-08-26 1987-08-18 A. B. Chance Company Fuse well and housing for pad-mounted, double fused switchgear
WO1997032326A1 (en) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-04 Abb Power T & D Company Inc. Arc-resistant enclosure employing arc-quenching contact disconnect
US20190371559A1 (en) * 2017-12-30 2019-12-05 Abb Schweiz Ag Draw-out current limiting fuse

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2098692A (en) * 1936-09-25 1937-11-09 Ralph R Pittman High voltage switching device
US2477837A (en) * 1944-08-25 1949-08-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US3129307A (en) * 1960-04-13 1964-04-14 Vargas Jose Munoz De Device for accelerating the disconnection of electric switches and for extinguishing their arc
US3236984A (en) * 1962-11-13 1966-02-22 S & C Electric Co High voltage circuit switching device
US3586802A (en) * 1968-10-03 1971-06-22 Gen Electric Load break device with arc-extinguishing material
US3628092A (en) * 1970-12-03 1971-12-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical inductive apparatus with removable protective fuse

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2098692A (en) * 1936-09-25 1937-11-09 Ralph R Pittman High voltage switching device
US2477837A (en) * 1944-08-25 1949-08-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US3129307A (en) * 1960-04-13 1964-04-14 Vargas Jose Munoz De Device for accelerating the disconnection of electric switches and for extinguishing their arc
US3236984A (en) * 1962-11-13 1966-02-22 S & C Electric Co High voltage circuit switching device
US3586802A (en) * 1968-10-03 1971-06-22 Gen Electric Load break device with arc-extinguishing material
US3628092A (en) * 1970-12-03 1971-12-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical inductive apparatus with removable protective fuse

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4192572A (en) * 1973-10-15 1980-03-11 Amerace Corporation Electrical connector apparatus
US3984651A (en) * 1975-05-01 1976-10-05 Mcgraw-Edison Company Electrical loadbreak arc quenching and containing assembly
US4068913A (en) * 1975-09-03 1978-01-17 Amerace Corporation Electrical connector apparatus
US4059816A (en) * 1975-11-20 1977-11-22 Mcgraw-Edison Company Electrical loadbreak fuse and canister assembly
US4083028A (en) * 1975-12-15 1978-04-04 A.B. Chance Company Pad-mounted double-fused vacuum switchgear
US4275372A (en) * 1979-12-17 1981-06-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Protected electrical inductive apparatus
US4318150A (en) * 1979-12-17 1982-03-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Protected electrical inductive apparatus
US4688143A (en) * 1986-08-26 1987-08-18 A. B. Chance Company Fuse well and housing for pad-mounted, double fused switchgear
WO1997032326A1 (en) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-04 Abb Power T & D Company Inc. Arc-resistant enclosure employing arc-quenching contact disconnect
US5721406A (en) * 1996-03-01 1998-02-24 Abb Power T&D Company Inc. Arc-resistant enclosure employing arc-quenching contact disconnect and method for avoiding arcing in the enclosure
US20190371559A1 (en) * 2017-12-30 2019-12-05 Abb Schweiz Ag Draw-out current limiting fuse
US11133145B2 (en) * 2017-12-30 2021-09-28 Abb Power Grids Switzerland Ag Draw-out current limiting fuse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA954568A (en) 1974-09-10
JPS4954864A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-05-28
JPS5240031B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-10-08

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Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: ABB POWER T&D COMPANY, INC., A DE CORP., PENNSYLV

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION, A CORP. OF PA.;REEL/FRAME:005368/0692

Effective date: 19891229