US3791271A - Photographic compositor - Google Patents

Photographic compositor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3791271A
US3791271A US00205816A US3791271DA US3791271A US 3791271 A US3791271 A US 3791271A US 00205816 A US00205816 A US 00205816A US 3791271D A US3791271D A US 3791271DA US 3791271 A US3791271 A US 3791271A
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United States
Prior art keywords
letter
discs
beams
disc
mirrors
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00205816A
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English (en)
Inventor
Y Nishikawa
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Pentax Corp
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Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41B—MACHINES OR ACCESSORIES FOR MAKING, SETTING, OR DISTRIBUTING TYPE; TYPE; PHOTOGRAPHIC OR PHOTOELECTRIC COMPOSING DEVICES
    • B41B17/00—Photographic composing machines having fixed or movable character carriers and without means for composing lines prior to photography
    • B41B17/04—Photographic composing machines having fixed or movable character carriers and without means for composing lines prior to photography with a carrier for all characters in at least one fount
    • B41B17/10—Photographic composing machines having fixed or movable character carriers and without means for composing lines prior to photography with a carrier for all characters in at least one fount with a continuously-movable carrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41B—MACHINES OR ACCESSORIES FOR MAKING, SETTING, OR DISTRIBUTING TYPE; TYPE; PHOTOGRAPHIC OR PHOTOELECTRIC COMPOSING DEVICES
    • B41B21/00—Common details of photographic composing machines of the kinds covered in groups B41B17/00 and B41B19/00
    • B41B21/16—Optical systems
    • B41B21/24—Optical systems defining multiple optical paths

Definitions

  • a photographic compositor character storage and optical retriever includes a plurality of axially spaced coaxially discs each having concentric circular groups of characters, as well as outer flash indexing marks and inner code symbols.
  • Parallel flash beams are directed parallel to a face of each disc and are deflected at successive circular groups perpendicular to the disc and the beams transmitted through aligned characters are then deflected parallel to and along the opposite face of the disc.
  • the sets of character beams from the discs are parallel and each group corresponding to a radially aligned set of characters from a respective disc is reflected by a corresponding first mirror to direct the beams along parallel lines colinear with the respective letter beams of the other discs and directed to respective second mirrors corresponding to longitudinally aligned disc characters which reflect the beams along colinear axes to an objective system.
  • Selection of an individual character from the group in the X Y matrix effected by each flash and as reflected by the mirrors is accomplished by retracting or advancing corresponding one or more of the first and second mirrors.
  • the present invention relates generally to improvements in photographic compositors and it relates particularly to an improved character storage device and optical retrieval and projection system.
  • the letter patterns are usually carried on rotatable discs or drums (these are generally referred to hereinafter as discs), for example, but when a large number of letter or character patterns are carried on a single disc, a circumferential speed of the disc, which is of large diameter, necessarily increases and a flash lamp of very short ignition period is required.
  • discs rotatable discs or drums
  • a circumferential speed of the disc which is of large diameter, necessarily increases and a flash lamp of very short ignition period is required.
  • the diameter of the disc is reduced by carrying a large number of letter patterns individually on a plurality of discs which are, in turn, arranged in three-dimensional manner.
  • One of these two is a method in which one optical system is provided for each letter disc, and the other is a method employing a single optical system wherein a particular disc on which the desired letter pattern is carried can be brought to an appropriate position in said optical system for representation prior to printing.
  • the former requires, however, a large number of optical elements, the arrangement and adjustment of which are complicated.
  • With the latter method on the other hand, a relatively long time is necessary for the movement of the letter discs and the printing speed is sharply decreased, especially in case of a copy which requires a high frequency of such movements.
  • One of them is a method in which P pieces of letter patterns are simultaneously illuminated and the desired letter is selected by operating movable mirrors such as letter selecting mirrors so as to be focussed into the corresponding image.
  • Such a method has required about P to 2P pieces of movable mirrors and the mechanism is necessarily complicated.
  • the apparatus or present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art devices as mentioned above, and employs a compact letter pattern carrying section as well as a small number of movable parts in the letter selecting mechanism.
  • Another object of the'present invention is to provide an improved photographic compositor.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an improved photographic compositor having a compact high capacity high speed character storage section and a character retrieving and projection mechanism of simple construction and a minimum of moving parts.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a device of the above nature characterized by its reliability, efficiency, versitality, adaptability and superior operation.
  • the present invention contemplates the provision of a compositor character storage and retrieving device comprising a plurality of axially spaced concurrently rotated coaxial discs, each disc having a plurality of concentric circular sets of characters having light transmission properties different from the surrounding areas of the disc, first means for illuminating predetermined areas of the rear faces of the discs, at least the said illuminating means being disposed between successive discs, and second means exposed to the front faces of the discs in said predetermined areas for directing the character intercepted beams passing through the discs out of the storage device, at least some of the second means being disposed between successive discs.
  • the illuminating beams are directed between and parallel to successive discs and deflected along a disc radial line to be incident on a radial group of characters and the character delineating beams from the opposite sides of the respective discs are deflected in directions parallel to and outwardly of the discs.
  • the character selection mechanism includes a first set of elongated mirrors upon each of which the character beams of a radial group of characters are incident and reflected along parallel axes colinear with the characters of the other radial groups.
  • a second set of mirrors intercept the first beam axes and reflect the beams along a common axis to a projection lens system.
  • a character is selected by moving the mirrors into and out of the character beam paths so that the beam from a preselected character reaches the projection lens.
  • the improved apparatus is compact, efficient and of high capacity, rugged, reliable and versatile.
  • the projected characters are sharp and adjustable in disposition and dimensions, and the retrieval mechanism is simple with a minimum of moving parts.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a letter pattern carrying section according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of a letter disc
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the construction of a letter selecting mechanism according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary schematic plan view of the letter disc and the optical system adjacent thereto as DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • the improved apparatus includes a plurality of identical elements and these are generally identified, for example, as the elements 1 and they are identified individually as the element ll, 1-2, l-n. Referring to FIG.
  • a plurality of information discs 1 on which letter patterns are carried (hereinafter referred to merely as the letter discs) are mounted on and regularly axially spaced along a common rotatable shaft 2 and beams for illuminating the letter patterns 3 are introduced between two adjacent letter discs, for example, between 1-1 and 1-2 in parallel with the planes defined by the two letter discs so that said beams are reflected by a reflecting optical system in the direction normal to said planes and illuminate the letter patterns 3 at predetermined points.
  • the arrangement is such that these objectives 6 have their optical axes in parallel to each other and are equally spaced from respective letter patterns 3.
  • the letter beam having passed through arespective objective 6 is reflected by disc selecting mirror 7 which constitutes a group of letter beam selecting mirrors, and thereby only a group of letter beams coming from the letter disc on which the desired letter pattern is carried is selected.
  • the group of letter beams thus selected are further directed to row selecting mirrors 8 which form another group of letter beam selecting mirrors and thereby only the letter beam passing through the letter row in which the desired letter pattern is contained is selected so as to reach a projector lens 9.
  • the letter patterns 3 are arranged in a plurality of concentric circles at regular circumferential intervals in such a manner that these letter patterns 3 are radially aligned.
  • the letter pattern carrying section is formed of four letter discs each carrying the letter patterns on four concentric circles.
  • An opticafsystem 10-11 for introducing an illumination beam introduces the illumination beam parallel to the plane defined by the letter disc 11 and the beam is then deflected by a prism 11-1.
  • Each prism 11 is of rightangled isosceles triangle in transverse section and has an oblique reflector face which is at an angle of 45 to the plane defined by each letter disc 1.
  • the illumination beam incident upon the prism 11-1 is deflected by said reflector face so as to be normal to the plane of the letter disc 1-1 and illuminates the letter pattern 3-11.
  • the letter beam having passed through said letter pattern 3-11 is reflected by the rear surface of the following prism 11-2 so as to be directed between the letter discs 1-1 and 1-2 in parallel with the planes of these letter discs and is reflected on a mirror 12-1.
  • This mirror 12-1 is disposed at an angle of 45 to the axis of the letter beam.
  • the letter beam incident upon this mirror 12-1 is reflected, again in the plane parallel with the disc plane, by 90 so that the beam is directed from the letter discs and to the objective 6-11 which is disposed on the optical axis of beam.
  • the letter beams having passed through the respective letter patterns are deflected by the prism 11-2, then reflected again by the mirror 12-1 falling on the respective objectives 6-12, 6-13 and 6-14.
  • the letter beams introduced through the light guides of the. following stage 10-21, 10-22, 10-23 and 10-24 pass between the letter discs 1l and 1-2 and are reflected by the prism 11-2 so as to illuminate the letter patterns 3-21, 3-22, 3-23 and 3-24, respectively.
  • the letter beams having passed through these letter patterns are reflected by the rear surface of the prism 11-3, guided between the letter discs 1-2 and l3, and reflected'by the mirror 12-2 and finally fall on the respective objectives 6-21, 6-22, 6-23 and 6-24.
  • Identical optical systems as described above are disposed in the following stages:
  • the prisms 11 and the mirrors 12 are located in a relationship which is common to all the stages with respect to the rotatable shaft, it is possible to arrange 16 letter beams in such a manner that these 16 beams have their optical axes parallel with one another and the points at which these 16 beams intersect the plane normal to said axes define an X Y matrix. Since the distances between the letter patterns and said points at which sixteen letter beams intersect the plane normal to their optical axes are equal, the objectives 6 may be disposed on such points with their optical axes corresponding to those of the respective letter beams so that the objectives are also arranged in an X Y matrix establishing a common positional relationship between these objectives 6 and the respective letter patterns 3.
  • each of the letter discs there is provided a disc selecting mirror 7 for each of the letter discs, and the arrangement is such that the reflecting surface of each mirror 7 is at an angle of 45 to the plane including the optical axes of the four letter beams coming from each letter disc and all the optical axes of sixteen letter beams after reflected by the disc selecting mirrors 7 are included in a common plane.
  • the row selecting mirrors 8, for each of the letter beams from respective letter rows, are disposed at the positions upon which the letter beams reflected by the disc selecting mirrors 7 are incident i.e., four mirrors are provided so that all the four optical axes of the letter beams after reflected by these four row selecting mirrors are in a straight line.
  • the projector lens 9 is fixedly located at the position upon which the letter beams reflected by row selecting mirrors 8 are incident and the optical axis of projector lens 9 coincides with that of the letter beams reflected by the row selecting mirrors 8. Now, the manner in which only the letter beam coming from the letter pattern 3-11 is selected so as to be'incident upon the projector lens 9 will be described with reference to FIG. 7.
  • the letter beams coming from the letter patterns 3-12, 3-13 and 3-14 which are incident upon the group of the row selecting mirrors 8 are also prevented from reaching the projector lens 9 by the rear surfaces of the row selecting mirrors 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 which are ahead of the respective paths of light, as in the case of said disc selecting mirrors.
  • the case where only the letter beam coming from the letter pattern 3-22 is selected is described by reference to FIG. 8. This is accomplished by removing the disc selecting mirror 7-1 and the row selecting mirror 8-1 from the paths of light. These selecting mirrors occupy the positions as shown by two-dotted broken lines in FIG. 3, respectively, after being removed.
  • the letter beams coming from the letter disc 11 can not be directed to the row selecting mirrors and only four letter beams coming from the letter disc 1-2 fall on the row selecting mirrors 8. Then only the letter beam coming from the letter pattern 3-22 is selected through the row selecting mirror 8-2 to be incident upon the projector lens 9.
  • the group of the disc selecting mirrors 7 and the group of the row selecting mirrors 8 may be operatively connected so that any one of 16 letter beams is selected to be guided to the projector lens 9. In any case, as it is not necessary to actuate either disc selecting mirror 7-4 or the row selecting mirror 8-4 these two mirrors may be fixedly located and, accordingly, letter selection is accomplished merely by operating six mirrors.
  • letter selection can be accomplished by locating the selecting mirrors usually off the respective paths of light and inserting only the selecting mirror which is in the path of light of the desired letter beam into the desired position.
  • Letter selection may be accomplished also by arranging the selecting mirrors in such a manner that the letter rows are first selected and then the letter discs are selected.
  • FIG. 9 shows the path oflight from the letter patterns 3 to the primary focusing point 13 which is developed in a straight line having the optical elements as mentioned hereinbefore positioned thereon.
  • FIG. 9 (a) particularly shows the path of light from the letter pattern 3-11 to said primary focusing point 13 which is the shortest of the 16 letter beams
  • FIG. 9 (b) shows the path oflight from the letter pattern 3-44 to said primary focusing point 13 which is the longest of the 16 letter beams.
  • each objective 6 When each objective 6 is disposed as shown in such a manner that the position of its front focus coincides with that of the respective letter pattern 3 with its centre on the optical axis of said objective, the light coming from a point on the letter pattern 3 exits the objective 6 in the form of a beam, or a bundle of parallel rays of light.
  • the letter patterns can always be focused into the respective images at the position of the rear focus of the projector lens 9 (this position corresponds to said primary focusing point 13) independently of the length of the light path from the objective 6 to the projector lens 9.
  • the desired letter pattern wherever it may be carried, can always be focussed into the respective image on the primary focusing point 13 according to such arrangement in which the particular letter disc and the letter row containing the letter pattern to be printed are detected on the basis of the information on the letter to be printed, which is read out by such means as a paper tape reading out device, while the letter discs 1 are rotated around the rotatable shaft 2, the letter selecting mirrors having been moved to the operating position in advance, the letter conversion code 5 and the timing mark 4 are photoelectrically read out to detect the time point at which the desired letter pattern passes the optical axis of the objective, and the flash lamp is then ignited synchronously with this time point.
  • a magnification coverting lens 14 is fixedly disposed in such a manner that the position of the front focus thereof coincides with the primary focusing point 13 and the optical axis thereof coincides with that of the projector lens 9.
  • a movable lens 16 and a movable mirror 17, as a unit are so arranged to be movable together along the optical axis of the magnification converting lens 14.
  • f,,f ,f and f designate focal lengths of the objective 6, the projector lens 9, the magnification converting lens 14 and the movable lens 16.
  • f,,f ,f and f designate focal lengths of the objective 6, the projector lens 9, the magnification converting lens 14 and the movable lens 16.
  • Functions of turning and transforming the image may easily be added by inserting an optical system for image turning or an optical system for image transformation for obtaining a transformed letter such as a flat letter into the position in the drawing (this position corresponds to the beam portion between the magnification converting lens 14 and the movable lens 16).
  • the present invention has been described by way of example with the letter pattern carrying section comprising four letter discs each containing four letter rows.
  • the letter pattern carrying section comprises n pieces of letter discs each containing m rows of letters, (m X n) pieces of information objectives, n pieces of disc selecting mirrors and m pieces of row selecting mirrors are necessary.
  • the number of mirrors which should be arranged movably for letter selection is the total of letter beam selecting mirrors, (m+n) minus 2, that is (m n 2).
  • the quality of printing means the quality which may be affected by the flow of an image due to the movement of the corresponding letter pattern during the ignition time of the flash lamp.
  • the circumferential speed at a given rate of rotation may be lowered and therefore a constant quality of printing may be obtained by use of a lamp having its ignition duration prolonged to such an extent as corresponding to that of the decrease of the circumferential speed.
  • the flash lamp of the same ignition duration is used, on the other hand, the quality of printing is improved to the'extent corresponding to that of the decrease of the circumferential speed.
  • the rate of rotation of the letter disc has often been limited from the view point of printing quality, the rate of rotation may be increased, according to this invention, until the same circumferen- I 8 tial speed that is critical for the desired quality of printing in the conventional device.
  • the period within which the letter pattern to be printed appears on the optical axis of the objective is thereby shortened and, accordingly, the printing speed is increased.
  • the compositor according to the present invention may be easily adapted for different numbers of letters by increasing or decreasing the number of stages comprising identical parts since each letter pattern carrying section, the associated optical system and the letter selecting mechanism is constituted by identical parts assembled in the desired number of stages.
  • the optical system for illumination and the optical system for taking out the letter beams may be disposed adjacent to each other, and for this reason these two optical systems can be con structed integrally with each other. According to such a construction, the part of the compositor occupied by the optical system for illumination and the optical system for taking out the letter beams may be retracted out of the circumference of each letter disc without causing any displacement of the relative position of these two optical systems, enabling the letter disc to be easily exchanged.
  • Each group of the disc selecting mirrors and the row selecting mirrors includes one mirror which need not be actuated and this mirror is so made as to be fixed with a sufficient precision as a standard of adjustment, on the basis of which, therefore, adjustment may be easily accomplished in assembling and maintaining each group of said disc selecting mirrors and of row selecting mirrors.
  • said optical system including a letter selecting mechanism comprising a plurality of objectives having their optical axes parallel with one another ar-' ranged in the form of an X Y matrix, each letter beam coming from the letter pattern carrying discs being reflected to the objective with its optical axis coinciding with the optical axis of said letter beam, and a group of letter beam selecting mirrors each disposed on the path of respective letter beam so as to select the desired letter beam out of a plurality of letter beams by controlling the operation of said letter beam selecting mirrors according to external instructions, the selected letter beam being always on the
  • a photographic compositor according to claim 1, and wherein said optical system illuminates a plurality of letter patterns at the same time and the desired letter beam is optically selected out of letter patterns coming from these letter patterns so as to be focused into the corresponding image on a photosensitive material, said optical system being combined with an optical system for adjusting the projected letter image.
  • a photographic compositor comprising a plurality of axially spaced concurrently rotatable coaxial discs each having a plurality of concentric circular sets of characters, first means confronting a first face of each of said discs for simultaneously deflecting the axes of a character delineating beam from each of said sets 1 from a direction perpendicular to said discs to a direction extending outwardly between successive discs, and means for selecting and focussing one of said deflected character beams to form an image of the selected character on a predetermined focal plane, and means comprising a plurality of first reflectors deflecting the character beams from each of said discs along parallel first axes colinear with the character beams from said other discs and a plurality of second reflectors intercepting each of said first axes and reflecting beams along said first axes along a common second axis, at least some of said reflectors being movable between positions in and out of registry with said first axes and said second axis
  • a photographic compositor comprising a plurality of axially spaced concurrently rotatable coaxial discs separated by a plurality of successive interdisc spaces delineated by the confronting faces of successive leading and trailing discs, each of said discs having a concentric circular set of characters, and means including an optical system disposed in each of said interdisc spaces, for directing an illuminating beam toward a respective trailing disc and for directing a corresponding beam directed by a respective optical system in the next leading interdisc space through said disc into the respective trailing interdisc space transversely outwardly from said respective trailing interdisc space, and means for selecting and focussing said beams emerging from said interdisc spaces to form an image of a selected character in a predetermined focal plane.

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US00205816A 1971-07-08 1971-12-08 Photographic compositor Expired - Lifetime US3791271A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP46050513A JPS523575B1 (enExample) 1971-07-08 1971-07-08

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US3791271A true US3791271A (en) 1974-02-12

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US00205816A Expired - Lifetime US3791271A (en) 1971-07-08 1971-12-08 Photographic compositor

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US (1) US3791271A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS523575B1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE2209452C3 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2145134A5 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1389086A (enExample)
IT (1) IT948272B (enExample)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3959800A (en) * 1974-05-28 1976-05-25 Murray Friedel Unitary photographic lettering and display typography device
US3975745A (en) * 1975-03-17 1976-08-17 Addressograph Multigraph Corporation Font availability system for photocomposing machine
US4051488A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-09-27 Alphatype Corporation Phototypesetting machine
WO1999063531A1 (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-09 Herzel Laor Optical switch for disk drive
US20020150324A1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2002-10-17 Herzel Laor Optical switch and servo mechanism

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0050348A3 (en) * 1980-10-17 1982-12-15 Autologic S.A. Photocomposing machine and method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2653526A (en) * 1948-08-13 1953-09-29 Walter E Peery Printing system for photocomposing machines or the like
US3602116A (en) * 1969-08-22 1971-08-31 Louis M Moyroud Type-composing machines

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2653526A (en) * 1948-08-13 1953-09-29 Walter E Peery Printing system for photocomposing machines or the like
US3602116A (en) * 1969-08-22 1971-08-31 Louis M Moyroud Type-composing machines

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3959800A (en) * 1974-05-28 1976-05-25 Murray Friedel Unitary photographic lettering and display typography device
US3975745A (en) * 1975-03-17 1976-08-17 Addressograph Multigraph Corporation Font availability system for photocomposing machine
US4051488A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-09-27 Alphatype Corporation Phototypesetting machine
WO1999063531A1 (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-09 Herzel Laor Optical switch for disk drive
US6526194B1 (en) 1998-06-05 2003-02-25 Herzel Laor Optical switch for disk drive
US20020150324A1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2002-10-17 Herzel Laor Optical switch and servo mechanism
US6760506B2 (en) 1999-06-04 2004-07-06 Herzel Laor Optical switch and servo mechanism

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Publication number Publication date
GB1389086A (en) 1975-04-03
JPS523575B1 (enExample) 1977-01-28
FR2145134A5 (enExample) 1973-02-16
IT948272B (it) 1973-05-30
DE2209452B2 (de) 1974-05-02
DE2209452A1 (de) 1973-01-18
DE2209452C3 (de) 1974-12-19

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