US3791225A - Positive control engine starter - Google Patents

Positive control engine starter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3791225A
US3791225A US00206706A US3791225DA US3791225A US 3791225 A US3791225 A US 3791225A US 00206706 A US00206706 A US 00206706A US 3791225D A US3791225D A US 3791225DA US 3791225 A US3791225 A US 3791225A
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United States
Prior art keywords
coupling
axial
female
coupling member
pinion
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00206706A
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English (en)
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J Molliet
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F02N15/063—Starter drives with resilient shock absorbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/13—Machine starters
    • Y10T74/131—Automatic

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A positive control engine starter with a novel coupling between the drive pinion and a helical-spline drive shaft, the coupling including male and female coupling elements cooperating with one another over an axial clearance and an angular clearance.
  • the coupling parts are axially and angularly spring-biased against closing of the clearance gaps, thereby allowing the pinion to yield axially and angularly when tooth collision occurs during engagement.
  • the same spring bias facilitates the pinion retraction after engine firing, by temporarily eliminating the tooth pressure on the gears and by initiating the retracting motion of the male coupling part on the drive shaft.
  • starter devices are essentially of two types, i.e. the inertia type and the positive control type.
  • inertia type devices a pinion is internally threaded and is supported on a threaded drive shaft of the starter motor.
  • the rotational inertia of the pinion causes it to advance on the threaded drive shaft until the pinion engages a ring gear, usually integral with the flywheel of the engine, after which the starter cranks the internal combustion engine for startup.
  • the starter pinion becomes a driven member instead of a driving member and the pinion moves back on its threaded driving shaft to its rest position, in which it is held by a spring.
  • Inertiatype starter devices suffer from certain drawbacks and are being replaced to an ever-increasing extent by starters of the so-called positive control type.
  • the main disadvantages of inertia type starter devices is the fact that during the operation of the starter a tooth of the starter pinion may come to abut against a tooth of the ring gear wheel when the longitudinal movement of the starter device takes place, causing the pinion to be blocked against engagement.
  • a starter device of the positive control type is moved towards the ring gear by means of fork, which causes the teeth of the pinion to engage those of the ring gear at the moment when the starting action takes place, just before-the motor of the starter is set in operation.
  • the fork moves the starter device back again, assisted bythe fact that it is the ring gear wheel that drives while the pinion is driven.
  • the screw pitch of the pinion and'of its driving shaft must be greater than that of inertia type starter device the driving shaft therefore being helically splinedrather than threaded.
  • the fork action is required to retract the starter device when the engine is started up, just as it was necessary to cause the pinion to engage the ring gear at the beginning of the starting-up operation.
  • the starter motor likewise being driven at an excessive speed, resulting in its possible damage.
  • starter devices of the positive control type have been'fitted with a free wheel device which separates the pinion angularly and at least partially from the body of the starter'device so that the motor of the starter cannot be driven at excessive speed and the starter-device cannot be locked on the spline shaft.
  • An object of this invention is to replace the previously required free wheel systems of positive control type started devices by a simpler and thus less expensive coupling which despite its simplicity will prove equally reliable.
  • a starter device of the positive control type includes a drive pinion, an internally splined socket mounted on a helically splined drive shaft and a novel coupling between the pinion and the socket, said coupling comprising two parts fitting into one another with clearances between the two parts which allow limited longitudinal and rotational movements between them and damping means biasing the two coupling parts against closing of clearances.
  • the principle on which the invention is based is as follows to enable the starter device to be retracted to its rest position by means of a fork after the internal combustion engine has been started up and to overcome the friction even if the driving torque exerted by the said engine is extremely high, the socket of the device must be rotationally separated at least momentarily, from the pinion.
  • the free wheel coupling one part of which separates from the other angularly, but not longitudinally, is a means of doing this.
  • the pinion can rotate freely over a certain angle only, and if this limited angular clearance is combined with a longitudinal clearance, suitable damping means being provided for each of the clearances, this may suffice to relieve the tooth pressure by which the ring gear retains the pinion and to enable the fork to move back the starter device, as in the case of a free wheel coupling.
  • the limited angular clearance combines with the longitudinal clearance to momentarily free the gear teeth.
  • FIG. 1 shows a coupling for a starter device of the positive control type in accordance with the invention and comprising a male and a female part,
  • FIG. 2 is a partial section through the male and female parts of FIG. 1' with the male and female parts in a slightly different position
  • FIG. 3 is an end view of the female part
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the female part
  • FIG. 5 is an end view of the male part
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of the male part.
  • FIG.3 shows a coupling according to the invention, intended to connect a pinion 2 of a starter device of the positive control type with an internally fluted socket 3, normally mounted on the helical spline shaft 4 of a sTarter motor (not shown).
  • This coupling comprises a pinion 2, integral with a female part whose general form is that of a cylinder notched at the end opposite the pinion to provide a rectangular recess 21, thus forming a pair of jaws 27 and 28, and bored out to form a cylindrical opening 22 (FIG.3).
  • the said female part also includes a circular recess 29 (FIG.2), of the same diameter as the socket 3, and two blind bores 23 and 24, located symmetrical with resepect of the axis of the pinion 2 and of the female part 20.
  • the jaws 27 and 28 of the female part are provided on their outer periphery with circular grooves and 26, which can be seen more clearly in FIGS. 3 and 4 lntegrally with the socket 3, there is provided a male part 30 taking the general form of a letter T and of such dimensions as to enable it to be introduced, with a certain clearance, into the rectangular recess 21 of the female.
  • each of the branches 31 and 32 of the T terminate in a part rounded portion 33 of the same diameter radius as the female part 20 and are provided on the outer surface with circular grooves 34 and 35, somewhat larger in the axial direction than the grooves 25 and 26 of the female part.
  • each of the branches 31 and 32 has a cylindrical blind bore 36 and 37 respectively, symmetrical with respect to the axis of the socket 3 but asymmetrical in respect of the general planes of symmetry of the male part 30
  • Spring-mounted pushers 41, 42, 43, 44 are adapted to be accomodated in the bores 23, 24, 36, 37 and a retaining ring 126 of spring steel, of the same diameter as the circular grooves 25 and 26 snaps into the latter.
  • a longitudinal clearance 51 thus exists between the branches 31 and 32 and the base of the jaws 27 and 28, as well as a clearance 52 to the right of the spring ring 126 in the grooves 34 and 35 of the branches 31 and 32, these grooves being, as already stated, larger than the corresponding grooves 25 and 26 of the female part 20.
  • the starter device thus assembled forms an articulated assembly, having both a-longitudinal and a rotational clearance, compensated by the two longitudinal dampers and the two transversal dampers which constitute the pushers 41, 42, 43 and 44.
  • the thrust of the longitudinal dampers is limited by the spring ring 126.
  • the centering of the two parts is satisfactorily ensured by the bearing engagement between the extremity 38 of the socket 3 in the recess 29.
  • a starter device fitted with a coupling operates as follows 1
  • a fork (not shown), controlled by a solenoid or by a manual pull device, acts on a collar shown in broken lines at 54, shifting the device as a whole towards the left, in the manner already known per se.
  • the pinion 2 approaches the ring gear (not shown) and engages it.
  • the pinion 2 comes to abut against a stop 40 at the end of the spline shaft 4 the pushers 41 and 42 undergo compression and the clearance 51 is taken up (position shown in FIG. 2).
  • the socket 3 is able to continue its axial movement, compressing the still extended pushers 41 and 42 (position shown in FIG. 2) the socket thereby rotates to a small angle against the bias of radial (pushers 43 and 44 sufficiently to overcome the abutment between the aforementioned teeth.
  • the pinion then meshes with the ring gear and at the end of its travel, abutting against the stop 40, the clearance 51 is taken up as already described.
  • the motor of the starter is now set in operation, cranking the internal combustion engine, the pushers 43 and 44 being compressed, and the clearance 53 taken up.
  • a coupling assembly between the pinion and the drive shaft comprising in combination:
  • a first coupling member connected to the rear of the drive pinion, the pinion and first coupling member being guided on the drive shaft for rotation and axial displacement relative thereto between a forward engagement position and a retracted rest position;
  • a second coupling member arranged axially behind the first coupling member and including a rotational connection with the drve shaft allowing of axial displacement thereon along a helix whose axial reaction force under cranking torque is directed toward the drive pinion;
  • the drive pinion and the first coupling member are solidary with one another, and the axial biasing means are arranged between the first and second coupling members;
  • the coupling assembly further comprising:
  • the axial connecting means between the coupling members includes a circumferential groove traversing both the male and female portions within the common cylindrical periphery, and a retainer ring received within said circumferential groove which engages the groove portions of both coupling members with the indicated axial clearance.
  • first coupling member is the female member, having a substantially cylindrical outer periphery, an enlarged recessed center bore in its rear portion, and a transverse slot therethrough forming two oppositely located rectangular axial recesses in the rear portion of the coupling member;
  • the second coupling member is the male member
  • the axial biasing means includes axially oriented compression springs arranged in the bottom of the axial recesses of the female coupling members so I as to bias the cooperating axial protrusions of the male coupling member out of these recesses; and the rotational biasing means includes circumferentially oriented compression springs arranged between opposing radially oriented surface portions of the axial recesses in the female coupling member on the one hand and the cooperating axial protrusions of the male coupling member on the other hand.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
US00206706A 1970-12-15 1971-12-10 Positive control engine starter Expired - Lifetime US3791225A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7045926A FR2118380A5 (fr) 1970-12-15 1970-12-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3791225A true US3791225A (en) 1974-02-12

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ID=9066085

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00206706A Expired - Lifetime US3791225A (en) 1970-12-15 1971-12-10 Positive control engine starter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3791225A (fr)
DE (1) DE2162218A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2118380A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1325515A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0338707A1 (fr) * 1988-04-21 1989-10-25 Aeci Limited Procédé et appareil pour charger des charges explosives dans des fourneaux de mine
US8490592B1 (en) * 2012-11-01 2013-07-23 Eric G. Von Tiergen Removable torque transfer starter for engine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2754857B1 (fr) * 1996-10-23 1998-11-27 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Demarreur de vehicule automobile comportant un pignon d'engrenement sans roue libre

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1022999A (en) * 1911-02-18 1912-04-09 John N Bashaw Automobile shaft-coupling.
CH68387A (de) * 1914-03-21 1915-03-01 Adolph Saurer Kupplung für Automobil-Magnetapparate
US2569267A (en) * 1950-06-09 1951-09-25 Bendix Aviat Corp Engine starter gearing
US2944428A (en) * 1957-10-11 1960-07-12 Gen Motors Corp Engine starter
US3327821A (en) * 1965-12-17 1967-06-27 Bendix Corp Engine starter drive
US3410111A (en) * 1967-01-25 1968-11-12 Glen V. Ireland Flexible coupling

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1022999A (en) * 1911-02-18 1912-04-09 John N Bashaw Automobile shaft-coupling.
CH68387A (de) * 1914-03-21 1915-03-01 Adolph Saurer Kupplung für Automobil-Magnetapparate
US2569267A (en) * 1950-06-09 1951-09-25 Bendix Aviat Corp Engine starter gearing
US2944428A (en) * 1957-10-11 1960-07-12 Gen Motors Corp Engine starter
US3327821A (en) * 1965-12-17 1967-06-27 Bendix Corp Engine starter drive
US3410111A (en) * 1967-01-25 1968-11-12 Glen V. Ireland Flexible coupling

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0338707A1 (fr) * 1988-04-21 1989-10-25 Aeci Limited Procédé et appareil pour charger des charges explosives dans des fourneaux de mine
US8490592B1 (en) * 2012-11-01 2013-07-23 Eric G. Von Tiergen Removable torque transfer starter for engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2162218A1 (de) 1972-07-20
GB1325515A (en) 1973-08-01
FR2118380A5 (fr) 1972-07-28

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