US379112A

US379112A - Rotary engine

Info

Publication number: US379112A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-03-06
Anticipated expiration: 1905-03-06

Description

2 Meets-sheet 1.*

(Nomaden- A. HBMSATH. ROTARY ENGNE. No. 379,112. vPatentedMar. 6, 1888.

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f A. HEMSA'I'H1 ROTARY ENGINE.

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N. PETERS, Fhudlhwgnpher. Wnhlnginn. D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AUGUSTUS HEMSATH, OF ZEHNER, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ANDREW JACKSON -ZEGLER, OF HAZLETON, PENNSYLVANIA.

ROTARY ENGINE.

4SPIEC'IF'ICJATION forming part .of Letters Patent No. 379.112, dated March 6, 1888.

Application filed August 18, 1887. Serial No. 247,255. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

l Be it known that I, AUGUSTUS HEMsATH, a citizen of 'the United States, anda resident of Zehner, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines; and

I do hereby declare that the following is a full,

clear, and exact description of the'invention,

which will enable others skilled in the art to which 1t appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in whichl Figure l is a perspective view of my new and improved rotary engine. Fig. 2 is a central vertical sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the plane indicated by line x w of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional View taken on the plane indicated byline y y of Fig. 2; and Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are detail views which will be hereinafter referred to.

The same numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

My invention relates to rotary engines; and it consists in certain new and useful improvements on the rotary engine for which Letters Patent of the United States were granted to me November l0, 1885, N o. 330,324.

My new and improved rotary reversible engine consists in the new and improved construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

Referring to the several parts by their nun merals, l indicates the supporting-frame, in which my new and improved reversible rotary engine is mounted.

My improved engine may be either vertical, horizontal, or stand at an angle on an inclination.

2 indicates the central tubular shaft, ou

formed the radiating wing 5, which at its inner Widest part is about onethird as thick through as the diameter of the cylinder of the engine in which it is inclosed, this wing decreasing gradually in width toward its outer narrower end, 6, where it is slightly rounded, to adapt it to push back the spring-actuated sliding plates with the minimum of friction as the cylinder with the said plates is revolved. On 6o each side of the said radial wing the tubular shaft is formed with the upper series of steamports, 7 7, and the lower series of exhaustports, 8 8, as shown.

For the purpose of producing a steam-tight packing for the edges of the wing which bear against the inside of the cylinder and against its heads, the free edges of the wing are formed with the recesses 9, in which fit strips or long blocks 10, which are forced outward by the 7o springs 11, which are interposed between the bottoms of the recesses and the inner sides ofr the blocks, as in my former patent,No. 330,324.

The cylinder 12is provided with three (more orIess)radiatingchambers,13,0pening through vertical slots 14 in the sides of the cylinder into the interior thereof, the said vertical radiating-chambers being arranged or formed at equal distances from each other, and theinner sides of the heads of the cylinder have radiating grooves 15 formed in them, forming continuations of the chambers 13. Within thesel radiating-chambers 13 lit the sliding plates 16, sliding with their ends in the guide-grooves 15, and the inner edges of thesesliding plates fit and bear against the tubular shaft 2 and the surface of its radial wing 5, being pressed into engagement with it by the springs 11,

which are seatedin the outer ends of the chambers 13 between the inner longitudinal edges of the sliding wings and the outer end wall or side of the said chambers, each of the said springs being formed of a single strip or piece of metal (spring metal) bent into theform of a double W, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings; and it will be seen that the said plain springs will operate to force the sliding plates out, so that they will bear steadily against the tubular shaft and its 'radial wing with their outer edges.

The live steam from the boiler is introduced, as before stated, into the top of the tubular shaft 2 through the live-steam port 3. In the central part of the tubular shaft 2 is placed the valve-sleeve 18, which is formed with the central partition, 19, and which has the operatingrod 20, extending up through an aperture in the cap of the tubular shaft 2, so that by means of a lever or handle on the upper end of the said rod the said val ve can be turned within the hollow shaft to reverse the engine and to cause it to run in either direction when started, as hereinafter described. This sleevevalve 18, which is open at both ends, with its partition 19 at the center of its tubular length, is placed in the tubular shaft 2 so as to register in position with the radial wing 5, and so that its said central partition comes between the upper steam-ports and the lower exhaustports of the tubular shaft, as shown. This valve-sleeve 18 has formed in its sides, above its central partition, the live-steam ports 21, and below its central partition the exhaustports 22 22, which are arranged, as shown in the drawings, especially in the detail view, Fig. 5, so that when the valve-sleeve is turned by means of the lever or handle applied to the upper end of its operating or adjust-ing rod 20 its live-steam ports 2l will' open the inlet or live-steam ports on one side of the tubular shaft 2, and at the same time close the eX- haust-ports on that side of the tubular shaft, while opening at the same movement the lower exhaust-ports on the opposite side of the tubular shaft 2. lt will thus be seen that by means of a turn or movement of the lever or handle at the upper end of the adjusting or operating rod 20 the engine can be instantly reversed, and thus caused to run in either direction.

It will be seen that in opera-tion, when the steam is thus admitted through the valvesleeve and the inlet-ports on one side of the radial wing of the tubular shaft 2 into the chamber formed between the radial wing ofthe shaft 2 and the sliding plate 16 next to it on that side, the pressure of the steam against the said plate will force or turn the cylinder 12 around in that direction, this pressure being repeated as each sliding plate passes the outer end ofthe radial wing 5, so that the cylinder is thus continuously and rapidly revolved in either direction desired,accordi ng as the valvesleeve is adjusted, as will be readily understood. The inner edges of the three slid ing plates 16 always bear and are forced by the. tension of their operating-springs ll against the surface of the tubular shaft and its radial wing, and as the cylinder revolves the radial wing pushes each sliding plate back into the chamber 13 in which it fits, so that the said plate can pass the outer end of the said wing. Both sides of the radial wing 5 are formed with one or more transverse grooves, 23 23,eX tending to the outer reduced rounded end of the said wing,the function of these grooves being to permit the steam to pass the edges of the sliding plates 16 rapidly when the said plates are passing the end of the said wing.

The live steam thus enters into the cylinder through the entry-ports on one side of the upper half of the radial wing, or, rather, of that part of the tubular shaft, and when the cylinder has been revolved around so that the next sliding plate in order passes the end of the radial wing 5 the first sliding plate mentioned will pass the first two ofthe exhaust-ports 8 on the opposite side of the tubular shaft 2 from that on which the live steam enters, the eX- haust-ports 7 on the same side as that on which the steam is entering the cylinder having been closed by the valve-sleeve when it opens the said entry-ports, as before described; and the said exhaustports, through which the steam is now exhaustingare so arranged or formed in the tubular shaft 2 that the steam which was pressing against the first sliding plate is exhausted before the radial wing begins to force or press the said plate back into the chamber in which it lits,so that it will only require sufficient power to move back the sliding plates to overcome the tension of their springs and their own weight, the heavy pressure of the steam upon them bei ng removed through the exhaust-ports before the wing 5 begins to slidethem back into their chambers, as will be readily understood.

The exhaust opening or port 4 is located in the lower end ofthe tubular shaft 2. which arrangement permits the condensed steam to pass out of the engine more readily.

The lower cylinder-head, besides its stuffinghox' 24, is formed with the collar 25, which bears upon the upper end of the double lower length of the tubular shaft 2, and thus forms a bearing which supports the revolving cylinder upon the tubular shaft. Through this collar and the lower cylinderhcad are formed the ports 26, which are arranged between the sliding plates 16, asshown,inclining inwardly as well as downward. Now, it will be seen IOO that as the cylinder is revolved in either directiou, as above described, as each of the said ports, when the chamber formed by the radial wing and the sliding plate with which it communicates is full of live steam, passes over the upper end of a long vertical port or duct, 28, in the double lower part of the shaft 2, the live steam will exhaust or flow through the registering port 26, through the long duct or port 28, to and into the inner end of a conducting-pipe, 29, and the live steam will pass through this conductingpipe into the chamber or reservoir 30. The live 'steam which enters through the top of the tubular shaft 2 will thus, after having operated (revolved) the cylinder on the said shaft, pass through the ports and the conductingpipe into the reservoir 80. The steam from this reservoir passes through a second conducting-pipe of suitable construction, 3l, to a second engine, either rotary or reciprocating, thei eby ruiming the second engine by the expansion of the steam that is confined between the sliding plates 16 when the said plates are in such a position that they prevent the steam between them from having any action on either IIO side of the radial wing 5 of the tubular shaft 2, thereby running the second engine without any back action on the first engine. It will thus be seen that I utilize the live steam not only to run (operate) the rst engine, but also to run (operate) a second engine,which may be of the usual suitable construction', and the precise constructionof which forms no part of my invention, and will therefore not be described in detail.

The reservoir 30 is to keep a supply of steam stored on hand, serving as a reservoir for the live steam to collect in, and prevents the necessity of having the two engines connected-so thatv their ports would open andK close at the same time. Thereservoir is provided at its bottom with a spigot, 82, to let off the condensed steam orwater, while on its top is arranged a steam-gage, 33, of the usual construction, while the conducting-pipe 3l leads from the-top of the reservoir to the second engine.

The greatest amountor proportion of steam will be utilized by engine No. 2 by having it the same size as the first engine and running at a much higher rate of speed. All the steam that is not used by the second engine will pass out through the lower exhaust-port, 4, of the tubular shaft of t-he first engine. For instance, if there is forty pounds of pressure on the first engine and the second engine is speeded so that the gage on the chamber or reservoir 30 between the two chambers shows a pressure of ten pounds, there will be less steam escaping (passing) out of the port 4 of the rst engine than there would be if the second engine were speeded so that theA gage 33 would indicate twenty pounds or more of pressnre; hence the higher the rate of speed of the second engine and the lower the pressure that can be used the greater the amount of steam that will be utilized by No. 2 engine. The rst engine should be run with a high pressure in proportion and a low rate of speed, while the second should be run with a low pressure and a high rate of speed.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction, operation, and advantages of my invention will be readily understood. It will be seen that 1ny"`new and improved rotary reversible engine is comparatively simple and strong in construction and exceedingly effective and efficient in its operation. It can be reversed in a moment by turning the valvesleeve through its operating or adjusting rod; so as to run in either direction, the lower recessed end of the valve-sleeve engaging with a stop, 35, which stops the valve when turned either way to the desired point to reverse the engine. It will be seen that not only do I run the'first engine in either direction,as required,

and with the minimum of friction and loss of power, but that I also utilize the steam after it has passed out of the cylinder of the first engine to operate a second engine, thus effecting a vast saving.

A pulley (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2) may be secured to one of the heads of the engine, and the motion thus be transferred from the revolving cylinder to whatever machinery is'desired to be moved, or any other suitable means of gearing may be employed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

l.v In a rotary reversible engine, the combination of the tubular shaft having the inletport at its upper end and the exhaust-port at its lower end, and provided with the central radial tapering wing having the slightlyrounded outer end, and formed with the upper live-steam ports and the lower exhaustopenings on both sides of the said wing, the cylinder journaled with ils heads upon the said shaft and having the equidistant radiating grooves in its heads and the corresponding radiating vertical chambers, the sliding springactnated plates, and the adjustable sleevevalve formed with the central partition, the upper inlet and lower exhaust openings, and having the adjusting-rod projecting at its upper end through the top cap of the tubular main shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the tubular shafthaving the inlet-port at its upper end and the main exhaust-port at its lower end, having the verticaljport or duct in its lower part, and provided with the central radial tapering wing having the slightly-rounded outer end and the transverse side grooves, and formed with the upper live-steam ports. and the lower exhaustopenings on both sides of the said wing, the cylinder journaled with its heads upon the said shaft and having the equidistant radiating grooves in its heads and the intermediate inclined ports in its lower head between the said grooves, and having the corresponding radiating vertical chambers, the slidingspringactuated plates, the adjustable valve-sleeve formed with the central partition, the upperinlet and the lower outlet or exhaust openings, and having the adj usting-rod projecting at its upper end through the top cap of the tubular main shaft, the pipe connecting the lower end of the vertical duct in the lower part of the tubular shaft with the reservoir, the said reservoir, and the pipe connecting the same with a suitable engine, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a rotary reversible engine, the combination ofthe tubular shaft having the inletport at its upper end and the exhaust-port at its lower end, and provided with the central radial tapering wing having the slightlyrounded outer end and the transverse side grooves, and formed with the upper live-steam ports and the lower exhaust-openings on both sides of the said wing, the cylinder journaled with its heads upon the said shaft and having the equidistant radiating grooves in its heads and the corresponding radiating vertical chambers, the sliding spring-actuated plates, and

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the adjustable valve-sleeve formed with the own I have hereunto affixed my signature in Central partition, the upper inlet and lower presence of two Witnesses. exhaust openings or ports, and having the adjusting-rod projecting at its upper endth rough AUGUSTUS HEMSATH VitneSSeS:

C. W. KLINE,

ANDREW J ZIEGL'ER.

5 the top cap of the tubular main shaft, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth. In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my