US3790465A - Electrolytic cell including vertical hollow anodes with deflector panels diverging upwardly from each anode - Google Patents

Electrolytic cell including vertical hollow anodes with deflector panels diverging upwardly from each anode Download PDF

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Publication number
US3790465A
US3790465A US00312706A US3790465DA US3790465A US 3790465 A US3790465 A US 3790465A US 00312706 A US00312706 A US 00312706A US 3790465D A US3790465D A US 3790465DA US 3790465 A US3790465 A US 3790465A
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United States
Prior art keywords
anode
walls
anodes
deflector panels
cell
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00312706A
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English (en)
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U Giacopelli
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Solvay SA
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Solvay SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms

Definitions

  • Anodes for electrolysis cells for producing a gas by electrolysis comprise vertically disposed hollow metal boxes open at their lower and upper ends and having two opposite parallel metal walls arranged facing one another. These walls are surmounted by two deflector panels which incline outwardly away from one another so as to diverge upwardly.
  • the deflector panels may be integral with the walls or may be separate members secured to the upper portions of the walls.
  • the present invention relates to improvements in anodes of cells for the electrolysis of solutions in which a gas is recovered at the electrodes, particularly for the electrolysis of brines of alkali metal halides such as sodium chloride.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a hollow metal anode for a cell of this type, this anode being open at its upper and lower ends and comprises two more or less vertical walls arranged facing one another.
  • the present invention overcomes these drawbacks.
  • the two above-mentioned vertical walls are surmounted by two deflector panels inclined towards the outside so as to diverge upwards.
  • the presence of the above-mentioned deflector panels has the eifect of increasing the ascending speed of the anolyte and of the gas in the anode/ cathode spaces, and facilitating the subsequent separation of the gas and the anolyte in the zone of the cell situated above these deflector panels.
  • the anode according to the invention thus has the considerable advantage of being able to provide a smaller distance between its vertical walls; it also permits a decrease in the width of the anode/cathode spaces of the cells.
  • the invention also relates to a cell for the electrolysis of solutions where a gas is recovered at the electrodes, particularly for the electrolysis of solutions of alkali metal halides, this cell comprising, in a tank, a series of more or less vertical hollow metal anodes which are open at their upper and lower ends, alternating with more or less vertical cathodes.
  • each anode is surmounted by two deflector panels facing obliquely upwards and towards the two cathodes arranged on either side of the said anode.
  • the distance between the top ends of two deflector panels which belong to two successive anodes and which are inclined towards the cathode situated between these two anodes is at most equal to double the anode/ cathode distance.
  • each of the anodes may comprise two plates made of a metal of the titanium group arranged facing one another and covered on at least a part of their surface facing the outside with a layer comprising a metal or a compound of a metal of the platinum group, these two plates being fixed transversely to a side wall of the tank of the cell above the bottom of the said tank.
  • the two above-mentioned plates of each anode are also connected to one another by a plate extending along their edge which is furthest from the above-mentioned side wall of the tank, so as to form a box which is open at its upper and lower ends.
  • FIG. 1 shows in perspective, with a partial cut-away, a particular form of embodiment of the anode according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows partly in transverse vertical section a form of embodiment according to the invention of a digphragm cell for the electrolysis of a sodium chloride nne;
  • FIG. 3 is a section along the planes III-IH of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a hollow metal anode designated generally by the reference number 1.
  • This anode 1 comprises 2 metal walls 2 and 3, for example of titanium, which are more or less vertical and arranged facing one another. The surfaces of these walls facing the outside are covered, at least in part, by a metal or a compound of a metal of the platinum group.
  • U sections 4 are fixed, for example by welding, vertically to the walls 2 and 3 so as to form with these walls an anode in the form of a box which is open at its top end 5 and bottom end 6.
  • Drillings 7 are arranged along the vertical edges of the walls 2 and 3 for the passage of bolts for fixing the anode on to an anode support, in a manner which will be described below.
  • the walls 2 and 3 are each surmounted by a deflector panel 8 or 9 respectively.
  • These deflector panels 8 and 9 are inclined towards the outside of the anode so as to diverge upwards. They are extended towards the bottom by a more or less vertical wing 10 which makes it possible to fix them to the walls 2 and 3 by means of bolts or screws 11.
  • the deflector panels 8 and 9 may be made of an insulating material for example chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.
  • the deflector panels 8 and 9 may be bent so that each has an upper wing 12 of a smaller inclination or more or less vertical.
  • the deflector panels 8 and 9 are joined to one another by struts or by transverse walls so as to form a rigid assembly.
  • the latter may thus be held on the walls 2 and 3 of the anode by gripping the wings between these walls so that it is possible to do away with the bolts 11.
  • the deflector panels 8 and 9 form an integral part of the walls 2 and 3, of which they constitute extensions.
  • the deflector panels 8 and 9 may be covered at least partly on their surface facing the outside with a conducting layer made of a metal or a compound of a metal of the platinum group so as to increase the active surface of the anodes.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 shoW a particular form of embodiment of a chlorine cell in accordance with the invention.
  • This cell comprises in a known manner a tank 13 closed by a lid 14.
  • the middle zone of the tank 13 consists of a metal U section 15 supporting an assembly of more or less vertical cathode pockets 16 covered with a diaphragm 17.
  • These cathode pockets 16 communicate on the one hand with the lower tubulure 18 for the evacuation of the cathode alkali liquor and on the other hand with an upper tubulure 19 for the evacuation of the hydrogen given off at the cathodes 16.
  • anodes 1 which are more or less vertical. These anodes 1 are analogous to that described above and shown in FIG. 1. They are fixed perpendicularly to an anode support 21 which serves as a wall by means of bolts 22 passing through holes 7 in the plates 2 and 3. The anode support 21 is fixed to the U section 15 by bolts 24 and nuts 23 made of an insulating material, with a sealing joint 25 inserted between them.
  • the lid 14 communicates with a. tubulure, not shown in the drawing, for the admission of brine and with a tubulure, not shown in the drawing, for the evacuation of the chlorine evolved at the anodes 1.
  • Angle-bars 27 connected with one another by tie-rods 28 hermetically hold the U section 15 and the anode support 21 between the lid 14 and the bottom 29 of the tank 13, with sealing joints 30 placed in between.
  • the anodes 1 with which the cell of FIGS. 2 and 3 is equipped are each surmounted according to the invention by two deflector panels 8 and 9 analogous to those described above and connected with one another by transverse walls 31 and struts 32. These deflector panels 8 and 9 of each anode 1 are directed obliquely upwards and towards the two cathodes 16 arranged on either side of the said anode.
  • deflector panels may be shaped in such a way that two panels 8 and 9 which belong to two successive anodes 1 respectively and which are directed simultaneously towards the cathode 16 arranged between these two anodes have their upper ends 33 and 34 at a distance from one another which is at most equal to double the distance between two neighboring electrodes.
  • the gas bubbles undergo a coalescence, which accelerates their ascending movement.
  • the ascending movement of the gas and of the anolyte is slowed down, which causes a separation of the gas and the anolyte.
  • the anolyte is collected between the two walls 2 and 3 of each anode 1, whence it falls to the bottom of the tank 13 and it is then recycled into the anode/ cathode spaces 35.
  • a cell according to the invention whose anodes are surmounted by deflectors offers improved performances of operation as compared with an analogous cell whose anodes do not possess such deflectors.
  • the use according to the invention of deflectors above hollow anodes makes it possible, for the same size of cell, to reduce the anode/cathode tension and to increase the current density. This is particularly significant for cells in which the distance between the two walls 2 and 3 of the anodes is less than 20 mm.
  • the use according to the invention of deflectors above the anodes makes it possible to reduce the distance between the two walls of each anode and consequently the overall size of the cell.
  • an electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of solutions with the recovery of a gas at the electrodes, said cell having generally vertically disposed anodes alternating with cathodes, the improvement comprising said anodes being open at their lower and upper ends and comprising two generally vertical walls arranged facing one another, and two deflector panels extending upward from said walls and inclined outwardly from one another so that said deflector panels diverge upwardly.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
US00312706A 1971-12-06 1972-12-06 Electrolytic cell including vertical hollow anodes with deflector panels diverging upwardly from each anode Expired - Lifetime US3790465A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7143789A FR2162248B1 (fr) 1971-12-06 1971-12-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3790465A true US3790465A (en) 1974-02-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00312706A Expired - Lifetime US3790465A (en) 1971-12-06 1972-12-06 Electrolytic cell including vertical hollow anodes with deflector panels diverging upwardly from each anode

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3790465A (fr)
AT (1) AT330209B (fr)
BE (1) BE791675A (fr)
BR (1) BR7208365D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA1000233A (fr)
CH (1) CH552410A (fr)
DE (1) DE2255742A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES408874A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2162248B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1418007A (fr)
IN (1) IN139779B (fr)
IT (1) IT971067B (fr)
NL (1) NL7216108A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4263119A (en) * 1978-05-19 1981-04-21 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. Anode elements for monopolar filter press electrolysis cells
US4411760A (en) * 1980-05-26 1983-10-25 Samim Societa Azionaria Minero Metallurgica S.P.A. Electrolytic cells
US4584082A (en) * 1983-10-12 1986-04-22 Smith James W Method and apparatus for acid mist reduction
US5066378A (en) * 1989-02-13 1991-11-19 Denora Permelec S.P.A. Electrolyzer
US20080264779A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2008-10-30 Giovanni Meneghini Anode for gas evolution reactions

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2303093A1 (fr) * 1975-03-06 1976-10-01 Rhone Poulenc Ind Cellule d'electrolyse sans diaphragme, notamment pour l'obtention de chlorates de metaux alcalins

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4263119A (en) * 1978-05-19 1981-04-21 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. Anode elements for monopolar filter press electrolysis cells
US4411760A (en) * 1980-05-26 1983-10-25 Samim Societa Azionaria Minero Metallurgica S.P.A. Electrolytic cells
US4584082A (en) * 1983-10-12 1986-04-22 Smith James W Method and apparatus for acid mist reduction
US5066378A (en) * 1989-02-13 1991-11-19 Denora Permelec S.P.A. Electrolyzer
CN1046319C (zh) * 1989-02-13 1999-11-10 德诺拉培尔梅勒股份公司 用于氯碱电解的电解槽及其阳极
US20080264779A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2008-10-30 Giovanni Meneghini Anode for gas evolution reactions
US7704355B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2010-04-27 Industrie De Nora S.P.A. Anode for gas evolution reactions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA1033472A (de) 1975-09-15
CH552410A (de) 1974-08-15
BR7208365D0 (pt) 1973-09-20
FR2162248A1 (fr) 1973-07-20
IN139779B (fr) 1976-07-31
ES408874A1 (es) 1975-10-16
AT330209B (de) 1976-06-25
DE2255742A1 (de) 1973-06-07
FR2162248B1 (fr) 1974-06-07
BE791675A (fr) 1973-05-21
CA1000233A (fr) 1976-11-23
GB1418007A (en) 1975-12-17
IT971067B (it) 1974-04-30
NL7216108A (fr) 1973-06-08

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