US3787648A - Tank-type gas-break circuit breaker - Google Patents

Tank-type gas-break circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
US3787648A
US3787648A US00213456A US3787648DA US3787648A US 3787648 A US3787648 A US 3787648A US 00213456 A US00213456 A US 00213456A US 3787648D A US3787648D A US 3787648DA US 3787648 A US3787648 A US 3787648A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piston
chamber
break
tank
circuit breaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00213456A
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English (en)
Inventor
K Kawasaki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP12725470A external-priority patent/JPS511304B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP12725170A external-priority patent/JPS511302B1/ja
Application filed by Fuji Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3787648A publication Critical patent/US3787648A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H33/285—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electro-dynamic repulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H33/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator
    • H01H33/32—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator pneumatic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current

Definitions

  • the break contacts in a tank-type gas-break circuit breaker are disposed in a high-pressure gas chamber formed in a sectionalized state within a tank constituting a low-pressure gas chamber and are coupled via an operating rod of insulative material passing through the low-pressure gas chamber to a piston of a piston mechanism disposed outside of the tank, a driving device operating in response to a tripping command to impart an initial impulsive driving force for opening the break points to the piston.
  • circuit breakers for use in power transmission systems, there has been a tendency toward the contraction of interruption times and the use of SF., gas as an arc-suppressing and insulating medium.
  • SF gas as an arc-suppressing and insulating medium.
  • the contraction of insulator dimensions can be attained, for example, by the contraction of the interpole insulation distance between the main breaker contacts or the insulation distance between the main circuit and ground.
  • Circuitbreakers employing this system can realize interruption as short as one-cycle presently considered a technical limitation, by causing interruption in synchronism with a particular phase of the main circuit current.
  • the interruption or break. unit is disposed in a high-voltage section mounted on insulators. This necessitates installation of a comparatively largecapacity, expensive transformer for insulating the capacitor from the ground.
  • a device for conveying a directive for tripping from the ground side to the high-voltage break unit becomes necessary.
  • circuit breakers of the electromagnetic repulsive driving type using capacitors is due partly to the fact that the required insulation distance along the ground surface is too long to drive directly the break unit at high voltage through an insulating rod from the ground side.
  • a tank-type circuit breaker characterized in that the interruption or break contacts are disposed in a HV gas chamber sectionalized in a tank constituting a low-pressure gas chamber and are coupled, directly or indirectly, to an operating rod of insulating material passing through said low-pressure gas chamber and that the initial driving power is imparted to a piston in a piston mechanism, in response to a tripping command issued, by using an impulsive driving power for the separation of the break contacts.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section showing the overall construction of a circuit breaker according to this invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are longitudinal sections respectively showing two different examples of the driving device of the circuit breaker
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are respectively longitudinal sections showing two different examples of the current break unit.
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section of one example of a damper unit.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a tanktype gas-break circuit breaker according to this invention.
  • the symmetrically constructed high-tension main circuit is led into the circuit breaker through means such as a cable head 1, or it may be led into another part through a cable head and placed in a high-voltage insulating gas.
  • a high-pressure chamber 2 accommodating a break unit is filled with SP gas and is disposed within a low-pressure chamber 3 within a tank 4.
  • the low-pressure chamber 3 is grounded,
  • the break contacts are driven by a grounded driving unit 5 disposed outside of the tank 4 through an insulating rod 6.
  • the tank 4 is mounted on a base 7.
  • the operation may be performed from the outside, similarly as in the case of interruption.
  • the closing operation of a circuit breaker is achieved as follows.
  • the main break unit, after interruption, is automatically restored to the closing state, the disconnected state being maintained by the auxiliary break unit, and then the auxiliary break unit is closed by a command issued for closure.
  • FIG. 2 is a detailed representation of an example of the driving unit 5 suitable for use in the circuit breaker shown in FIG. 1.
  • Driving power is produced by an electromagnetic repulsive driving system, which, in itself, is
  • the electromagnetic force acts effectively during only the interval in which the driving coil and the driving'piston constituting the secondary short-circuit ring disposed adjacent thereto are located close to each other. According to this invention, only the initial acceleration for the break operation is acquired and thereafter, compressed air is used as a supplemental means.
  • the driving unit 5 is provided with a frame 10.
  • a driving coil 12 of ring shape is disposed within this fame on its inner side and encompasses the operating rod 11.
  • a driving piston 13 integral with the operating rod 11 at its outer end approaches close to the driving coil 12 to confront the same.
  • the piston 13 is continually urged toward the driving coil 12 by a helical spring 14 disposed in a cylinder 15 formed integrally and coaxially with the frame 10 and accommodating the piston 13 disposed slidably therewithin.
  • the interior of the cylinder 15 is divided by the piston 13 into two sections, i.e., a section 15a on the operating rod side and a section 15b on the opposite side.
  • an annular pressure chamber 16 which is shut off from the interior of the cylinder 15 by the piston 13 when the piston 13 is close to the driving coil 12, i.e., when the break unit is closed.
  • the pressure chamber 16 communicates with the cylinder section 15a, and air pressure is exerted upon the piston through the section 15a to separate the piston 13 further away from the driving coil 12.
  • the pressure chamber 16 is communicatively connected to a compressed air supply source (not shown) through an electromagnetic valve 17 and a pipe line 18, an exhaust pipe 19 being installed on the electromagnetic valve wall.
  • the piston 13 is provided with a piston ring 22.
  • a packing 23 is disposed in the frame around the peripheral portion of the driving coil 12 so as to contact the piston 13 with pressure. Furthermore, a packing ring 24 is disposed between the frame 10 and the operating rod 11 so as to maintain air-tightness therebetween.
  • the device shown in FIG. 2 operates as follows: when a discharge current of a source capacitor (not shown) flows in the driving coil 12 in accordance with a directive for tripping in a state corresponding to the closing state of the break unit, the piston 13 operates as a short-circuiting secondary ring, generating an electromagnetic repulsive force between the driving coil 12 and the ring, whereby the piston 13 is driven suddenly in the direction of the buffer material 20 against the force of the spring 14. Air-tightness due to the packing 23 is then broken, with the result that pressure chamber 16 communicates with the chamber 15a and compressed air in the-pressure chamber flows to the chamber 15a. This causes the piston 13 to move toward the right direction as viewed in FIG. 2. In this case, the adjustment vent holes 21 and the buffer material 20 operate to impart damping action, and the piston 13 and the operating rod 11 operate integrally.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another example of the dividing unit 5 shown in FIG. 1.
  • parts of equivalent functions as those shown in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • the driving coil 2 shown in FIG. 2 is not installed in the device of FIG. 3.
  • an inlet 25 is provided in the casing 10 for communication with the chamber 15a.
  • An impulsive pressure generated by the explosion of an explosive is introduced through this inlet into an equalizing chamber 26 of annular shape.
  • an explosive device (not shown) initiates an explosion in response to a tripping command, whereby an impulsive high pressure caused by the explosion is introduced into the chamber 15a via the inlet 25 and equalizing chamber 26, whereupon the piston 13 is moved suddenly toward the right as viewed in FIG. 3. As a result, air-tightness due to seal packing 23 is broken.
  • the pressure of the explosion acts on the pressure chamber 16
  • the air pressure from the compressed air supply source overcomes the former pressure after reaching a pressure equilibrium within a brief time interval, whereby the piston 13 is further accelerated.
  • the driving energy produced by the explosion is used mainly for the initial acceleration of the piston 13. In other words, it is used for breaking rapidly airtightness due to the seal packing 23, and, hence, the driving force, once the piston 13 has initiated movement, is obtained mainly by the compressed air pressure from the pressure chamber 16.
  • the piston 13, after being driven a predetermined distance necessary for the break of the interruption contacts collides against the damper material 20 and stops without producing an excessive impulsive force with the aid of the actions of the chamber 15b and buffer material 20. Thus, the moving contact of the break unit is actuated rapidly through the insulating rod 6.
  • the return stroke of the piston 13 takes place as follows.
  • the electromagnetic valve 17 is switched over as in the case of the example shown in FIG. 2 to communicate the pressure chamber 16 and the exhaust pipe 15!, whereby the pressure in the pressure chamber 16, or the chamber 15a, is decreased and the spring force of the restoring 14 can be utilized. After the piston has returned to the position as illustrated, the electromagnetic valve 17 is operated to restore the pressure chamber 16 to its high-pressure state. 1
  • the pressure caused by the explosion acts directly on the piston 13.
  • the energy of explosion by an explosive must be set beforehand so as to produce the predetermined initial acceleration during the driving period, the weights and frictional forces of the operating rod 11, insulating rod 6, and the-moving contact in the break unit, all interconnected to the piston 13 being taken'into consideration.
  • the insulating rod 6 be as short as possible for the previously mentioned reasons. Since the tank is at a low potential, there is no need for taking a considerable. interval as the insulation distance be tween the tank 4 and the driving unit. Furthermore, the insulation distance in the tank may be considerably contracted because the tank. is filled with a highly insulative gas. The minimum distance of the insulating rod required within the tank is of the order of tens of centimeters for tank-type circuit breakers rated at 300 KV in view of the surface insulation characteristic.
  • the break or interruption unit may be composed of a main break unit of high-speed break performance and an auxiliary break unit of low-speed break performance, connected in series. Otherwise, it may be composed of the main break unit alone. By imparting a sufficient wipe to the contacts and having the stationary contact perform separation slowly, these contacts may be utilized additionally as a disconnector section. It is to be noted that the latter construction is inappropriate for high-speed interruption performance.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the construction of a main break unit suitable for additionally installing an auxiliary break unit.
  • the whole of the illustrated part is placed in a high-pressure gas chamber.
  • a stationary contact 30 and a moving contact 31 opposed to each other are both of cylindrical nozzle shape, established airtightness at the periphery of the contact part by means of a nozzle packing 32.
  • the moving contact 31 is coupled to the insulation rod 6 and driven by a driving unit 5 such as that shown in FIG. 2 or 3.
  • the moving contact 31 and the insulating rod 6, or the insulating rod 6 and the operating rod 11, are securely connected together by a combination of a me- .chanical coupling means such as screws or pins and a chemical coupling means such as adhesives.
  • Both contacts 30 and 31 are of double-flow construction as regards the flow of an arc-suppressing gas.
  • a blowing gas from the high-pressure chamber that has passed between the contacts also passes through an internal cavity between these contacts for tentative storage in the reservoir.
  • An arc contact 34 is disposed within the moving contact 31 and is separated a predetermined distance from the stationary contact 30.
  • seal packings 36 and 37 are provided in that part of reservoir through which the moving contact 31 penetrates.
  • a collector 38 is provided on the moving contact side and disposed at the outer periphery of the contact so as to maintain electrical contact with the contact 31.
  • the auxiliary break unit (not shown) installed in series with the main break unit (FIG. 4) is adapted to initiate separation soon after the main break unit commences the break operation and completes releasing operation simultaneously with or prior to the release operation of the main break unit.
  • the moving contact 31 of the main break unit is gradually restored to the closing state by the restoring mechanism in the above-mentioned driving unit 5. Accordingly, the break operation of the main break unit and the circuit disconnected state that follows are maintained by the auxiliary break unit.
  • the main break unit merely serves the function of mechanically closing the two contacts. For this reason, no detrimental electrical effect is caused even if a certain amount of chattering is produced in contact closure.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a wipe contact structure. Except for the contact system, the principle of operation is the same as that of the structure shown in FIG. 4. The same reference numerals are used for equivalent parts in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the stationary contact 30 is provided with a tulip-shaped contact unit 30a.
  • the tip end contact 310 of the moving contact 31 fits into this contact to secure positive electrical continuity.
  • a spring 39 is provided in order to improve the sealing effect of the nozzle packing 32.
  • the operation of this device of FIG. 5 is similar as that of the device shown in FIG. 4.
  • the moving contact 31, the insulating rod 6, and the operating rod 11 are constructed as a single body. In such an arrangement, an impulsive driving force acting upon the operating rod 11 is imparted directly to the insulating rod 6 and moving'contact 31.
  • a buffer unit should be interposed between the rod 6 and the moving contact 31 to provide a buffer action for the impulsive force produced by the electro-. magnetic repulsive force.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of the buffer device.
  • the end portion of the moving contact 31 becomes a cylinder chamber 31a in which the end portion of the insulating rod 6 is fitted.
  • the cylindrical chamber 31b is filled with a substance which acts as a damping material such as oil when the insulating rod 6 is displaced in the rightward direction by the electromagnetic repulsive force.
  • the driving force of the driving unit 5 is transmitted to the cylindrical chamber 31b when the insulating rod is displaced in the leftward direction.
  • sealing due to the packing 23 is broken in the driving unit 5, and the operating rod 11 receives the driving force of compressed air from the pressure chamber 16.
  • the moving contact 31 performs the break operation, with a motion which is slightly decelerated relative to that in the case where the electro- .magnetic repulsive force is directly received, by an opfacture of the insulating rod 6 is facilitated. It will be evident that a buffer, unit using spring force can also be used.
  • a link mechanism of known type may be utilized for the mutual operation of the operating rod 1 1, insulating rod 6, and the moving contact 31, whereby the direction of the operating force can be suitably changed.
  • the gas-break high-speed circuit breaker according to this invention is featured by simple construction, improved reliability, low operating power, compact size, and low manufacturing cost.
  • a tank-type gas-break circuit breaker comprising a low-pressure gas chamber; a high-pressure gas chamber disposed within said low-pressure gas chamber; break contacts disposed within said high-pressure gas chamber; an operating rod of insulating material passing through said low-pressure gas chamber and coupled at one end to said break contacts,; driving means for driving said operating rod disposed outside said low pressure chamber, said driving means including a piston chamber having a piston one end face of which is coupled to the other end of said operating rod for actuating said break contacts; and impulse providing means operating in response to a tripping command to impart an initial impulsive force to drive said piston in said piston chamber and thereby open said break contacts.
  • a tank-type gas-break circuit breaker according to claim 1 wherein said impulse providing means includes an electromagnetic coil facing said one end face of said piston.
  • a tank-type gas-break circuit breaker according to claim 1 wherein said impulsive providing means includes an explosive material disposed adjacent said one end face of said piston, said explosive material being actuated to produce said impulsive driving force.
  • a tank-type gas-break circuit breaker according to claim 1 wherein a buffer means is provided between said operating rod and said piston.
  • a tank-type gas-break circuit breaker according to claim 4 wherein said impulsive providing means includes an electromagnetic coil facing said one end face of said piston.
  • a tank-type gas-break circuit breaker according to claim 4 wherein said impulsive providing means includes an explosive material disposed adjacent said one end face of said piston, said explosive material being actuated to produce saidimpulsive driving force.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
US00213456A 1970-12-29 1971-12-29 Tank-type gas-break circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime US3787648A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12725470A JPS511304B1 (fr) 1970-12-29 1970-12-29
JP12725170A JPS511302B1 (fr) 1970-12-29 1970-12-29

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US3787648A true US3787648A (en) 1974-01-22

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US00213456A Expired - Lifetime US3787648A (en) 1970-12-29 1971-12-29 Tank-type gas-break circuit breaker

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US (1) US3787648A (fr)
CA (1) CA950513A (fr)
FR (1) FR2121074A5 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5059932A (en) * 1988-06-27 1991-10-22 Acec Transport S.A. Quick-action circuit breaker assisted by a control circuit
US6225588B1 (en) * 1998-09-28 2001-05-01 Terasaki Denki Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha Trip device of circuit breaker
EP2469560A1 (fr) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-27 ABB Technology AG Commande de disjoncteur
EP2546847A1 (fr) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-16 ABB Technology AG Commutateur rapide avec bobine Thomson et amortissement
US20140247538A1 (en) * 2011-11-22 2014-09-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Gas insulated electrical equipment

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4209680A (en) * 1978-06-26 1980-06-24 Gould Inc. High speed actuating mechanism
WO2014198313A1 (fr) * 2013-06-13 2014-12-18 Abb Technology Ltd Élément de commutation et armature utilisée dans un élément de commutation

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3315056A (en) * 1964-09-10 1967-04-18 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Gas blast circuit breaker with electromagnetic contact actuating means
US3378727A (en) * 1965-05-14 1968-04-16 Siemens Ag Circuit breaker for interrupting at zero current and automatically reclosing after unsuccessful interruption
US3551626A (en) * 1967-02-16 1970-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluid-blast circuit interrupters with improved electromagnetic driving means
US3604872A (en) * 1970-04-19 1971-09-14 Ite Imperial Corp Pressurized gas interrupter structure
US3715542A (en) * 1968-07-16 1973-02-06 Asea Ab Control means for pneumatically operated high voltage switching device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3315056A (en) * 1964-09-10 1967-04-18 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Gas blast circuit breaker with electromagnetic contact actuating means
US3378727A (en) * 1965-05-14 1968-04-16 Siemens Ag Circuit breaker for interrupting at zero current and automatically reclosing after unsuccessful interruption
US3551626A (en) * 1967-02-16 1970-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluid-blast circuit interrupters with improved electromagnetic driving means
US3715542A (en) * 1968-07-16 1973-02-06 Asea Ab Control means for pneumatically operated high voltage switching device
US3604872A (en) * 1970-04-19 1971-09-14 Ite Imperial Corp Pressurized gas interrupter structure

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5059932A (en) * 1988-06-27 1991-10-22 Acec Transport S.A. Quick-action circuit breaker assisted by a control circuit
US6225588B1 (en) * 1998-09-28 2001-05-01 Terasaki Denki Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha Trip device of circuit breaker
EP2469560A1 (fr) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-27 ABB Technology AG Commande de disjoncteur
EP2546847A1 (fr) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-16 ABB Technology AG Commutateur rapide avec bobine Thomson et amortissement
US20140247538A1 (en) * 2011-11-22 2014-09-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Gas insulated electrical equipment
US9258917B2 (en) * 2011-11-22 2016-02-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Gas insulated electrical equipment

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Publication number Publication date
CA950513A (en) 1974-07-02
FR2121074A5 (fr) 1972-08-18

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