US3786752A - Explosive charge with improved fragmentation effect - Google Patents

Explosive charge with improved fragmentation effect Download PDF

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Publication number
US3786752A
US3786752A US00166191A US3786752DA US3786752A US 3786752 A US3786752 A US 3786752A US 00166191 A US00166191 A US 00166191A US 3786752D A US3786752D A US 3786752DA US 3786752 A US3786752 A US 3786752A
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Prior art keywords
explosive
cavity
chamber
container
channel means
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00166191A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Lingens
G Martin
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/208—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by a plurality of charges within a single high explosive warhead

Definitions

  • this invention relates to an explosive device of increased fragmentation effect, characterized by a chamber; filled with an explosive from which one or more pipelines lead into cavities disposed externally of the explosive charge and surrounded by the casing for the. explosive charge.
  • the cavities disposed outside of the explosive charge can be filled with gaseous and/or liquid and/or solid mediums. If a solid medium, it can be in pulverized form;
  • this invention relates to a process for producing an increased number of fragments in explosive devices, characterized in that gas flows are conducted, via pipelines, from the explosive device into cavities provided in the casing for the explosive charge.
  • the pressure stress on the casing is of a dynamic character, i.e. thestress corresponds to a very short-time pressure impulse or shock. This results in splinters or shrapnel having a great velocity, and .thus a considerable piercing effect.
  • an additionally provided bore for producing the gaseous flow can exhibit any desired symmetrical as well as asymmetrical cross section or also an irregular boundary, and can vary over its length continuously or discontinuously.
  • the .pipelines need not be absolutely straight; they can be, forexample, curved, or exhibit severalwknees, or any desired angle, or also the form of a spiral or helix.
  • cavities into which the gas flow enters it is of no importance whether these cavities are under a vacuum or are filled with air or gas.
  • An amplification of the pressure for disintegrating the casing around the cavity can be effected by a filling of a flammable, explosive gas or gaseous mixture.
  • the maximum cross section of the cavity will be adapted to that of the explosive column, with respect to the area thereof. However, it can also be larger and smaller than this cross section.
  • the volume of the hollow space is to be adapted to the energy and brisance of the explosive and the length and cross section of the explosive column.
  • the gaseous stream can be conducted to the cavity through a pipe extending as much as desired into the cavity, or extending only from the surface of the explosive into the cavity. The latter possibility, however, re sults in a somewhat diminished fragmentation effect.
  • the pipe need not be extended to the cavity absolutely in an axial orientation.
  • the feed pipe can be arranged outside, but in parallel, to the axis of symmetry, or it can be at an angle to this axis.
  • the feed pipe for the gaseous stream insofar as it is extended into the cavity for a specific length, can exhibit a lesser strength along this length.
  • the shock pressure required for the fragmentation of the casing is produced by a damming up of the gas flow in the pipe end disposed in the cavity.
  • a liquid is employed, for example, water, oil, etc., or a medium of a powdery or solid consistency.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of an explosive device having cavities on both sides externally of an explosive charge according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section of an explosive device exhibiting three-serially disposed cavities outside of an explosive charge according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section of an explosive device having an annular arrangement according to the invention.
  • cylindrical metallic body 1 is subdivided into three chambers denoted by reference numerals 3, 4 and 5 by two partitions 2.
  • central chamber 3 contains high explosive l4, and chambers 4 and 5 contain non-explosive gas and/or liquid and/or solid mediums 15 and 16, respectively.
  • a pair of symmetrically-arranged bores 7 are provided in explosive chamber 3 wherein the gas flow preceding the detonation front is formed and then conducted through the pipes 10 into chambers 4 and 5.
  • the ignition of the explosive 14 in the center of chamber 3 is effected by primer (or detonator) 13.
  • primer or detonator
  • several bores 7 may be provided in the explosive column and with the associated pipelines into the chambers 4 and 5.
  • the bores need not absolutely lie in the axis of the arrangement. Rather, the bores can also be dis posed outside of the axis in parallel or at an angle thereto.
  • the explosive charge illustrated in FIG. 2 consists of cylindrical metallic housing 1' subdivided into four chambers by three partitions 2.
  • Chamber 3' is filled with a high explosive 14' and chambers 4', 5' and 6 are filled with non-explosive gas and/or liquid and/or solid mediums l5, l6 and 17.
  • Three pairs of bores 7', 8 and 9 are provided in explosive column 3', wherein the gas currents preceding the detonation front are formed and then conducted, respectively, through pipes 10', l l and 12 into the chambers 4, 5' and 6.
  • the primer 13' By means of the primer 13', the detonative reaction of the system is initiated.
  • the number of the chambers without explosive need not be restricted to three, as shown in FIG. 2. The number is dependent on the length and cross section of the chamber filled with explosive. Also, a system can be provided, analogous to FIG. 1, having chambers without explosives disposed on both ends of the chamber containing the explosive. In this case, the system is ignited in the center of the explosive column.
  • the cross sections of the individual chambers with and without explosive in the structures illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 can, of course, also exhibit different sizes and shapes.
  • a transfer medium e.g. water, oil, sand, etc.
  • these chambers although designated nonexplosive, may contain a flammable, explosive gas or gaseous mixture.
  • the length of the bore in the explosive column associated with the first chamber in front of the explosive column is shortest.
  • the lengths of the bores are preferably increased in a stepped succession.
  • the individual bores in the explosive column according to FIG. 2 can, but need not, be disposed absolutely symmetrical and at equal spacings from the central axis of the structure, and need not have the same diameter.
  • the diameters of the bore can be varied within wide limits. Suitable values in this connection are those ranging between 1 and 50 mm., preferably 4 and 8 mm.
  • the explosive column consists of two columns 18 and 19, one inserted in the other, the former being hollow and the latter solid, and if an annular air gap 20 is provided therebetween, a gas flow is formed in this interspace during the detonative reaction.
  • FIG. 2 is also representative of such an annular arrangement.
  • pipes 10 and 12 are cross sections of a single annular pipe and thus are preferably of the same length.
  • This arrangement may include not only a single annular channel but a plurality of such channels individually communicating with successively arranged separate cavities.
  • the gas flow precedes the detonation front and is accompanied by a shock wave at the tip due to air compression.
  • such a column is composed of several explosive columns with corresponding annular air gaps of the type indicated above, the inner column being solid and the others hollow, it is possible to provide several cavities on both ends, similarly to the explosive charge device illustrated in FIG. 2. Each of these cavities is then associated with a specific annular air gap or channel.
  • the invention is not limited to annular or cylindrical gaps in the longitudinal direction of the explosive columns for the formation of the gas flow. Such flows are formed in similar explosives having any type and shape of gaps appropriately dimensioned to be utilized for the fragmentation of casings of cavities or chambers without increasing the amount of explosive.
  • cylindrical bodies of composition B 39.5% by weight of trinitrotoluene, 59.5% by weight of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine and 1% by weight of wax
  • cylindrical bodies of composition B 39.5% by weight of trinitrotoluene, 59.5% by weight of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine and 1% by weight of wax
  • the explosive charges were ignited at one end with the interposition of two shaped penthrite charges of 18 g. (diameter 25 mm., length 50 mm.) by means of an aluminum cap No. 8 (a blasting cap of aluminum with a primer pellet, a primary charge of 0.3 g.
  • the hollow chambers, cavities or bodies for these experiments were formed from two welded-together hexagonal threaded caps (1% inch; wall thickness 5 mm.; corner diameter of 58.5 mm.; height 54 and 56 mm., respectively.
  • the transfer pipes for the flow of gas from the explosive charge to the cavity (hollow body) were made of glass, synthetic resin, copper, and iron of an inside diameter of 10 mm. (Examples l-6 only) and different wall thicknesses.
  • Each of the hollow bodies (or cavities) was provided on one end surface with a bore disposed centrally or eccentrically. This bore served for extending the pipeline into the hollow body. The outer diameter of the pipe corresponded to that of the bore.
  • iron barrels were utilized; the hollow bodies were disposed in the axial center line of these barrels. From the penetration of the barrel by the fragments, a conclusion could be drawn with respect to the number and size of the splinters produced by the disintegration of the hollow bodies.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A hollow body with an air filling was spaced 50 mm. from the explosive column by a connecting pipe of glass. The explosion produced 80-90 fragments of up to 6 cm.
  • EXAMPLE 3 A hollow body with a sand filling was located mm. from the explosive column by a connecting pipe of copper. Upon detonation, 70-80 fragments of up to 6 cm. resulted:
  • EXAMPLE 4 A hollow body filled with water was spaced 150 mm. from the explosive column by a connecting pipe of ironuThe explosion created 70-80 fragments of up to 6 cm.
  • EXAMPLE 5 A hollow body with an oil filling was disposed 300 mm. from the explosive column via a glass connecting pipe. The result was 60-70 fragments of up to 8 cm.
  • EXAMPLE 6 A hollow body filled with water at a spacing of 450 mmyfrom the explosive column together with a glass connecting pipe, was employed. The number of fragments, which ranged up to cm., was 30-40.
  • EXAMPLE 7 Three adjacently disposed hollow bodies were pro vided, of which the first having an air filling was in direct contact with the explosive column. The two other hollow bodies, howver, were filled with water.
  • the explosive column had a diameter of 50 mm. and three parallel, symmetrically-disposed longitudinal bores of a diameter of 8 mm. Each of the hollow bodies was in communication with, respectively, one of the three bores in the explosive charge, by means of a steel tube. The steel tubes were passed through the bodies.
  • hollow bodies can be disposed on opposite ends of the explosive column with an appropriate extension of the column and a provision for central ignition.
  • the present invention can be applied, in particular, to such explosive charges which are provided with cavitiesanyway, e.g. for the accommodation of electronic elements, such as in rocket warheads or the like.
  • cavitiesanyway e.g. for the accommodation of electronic elements, such as in rocket warheads or the like.
  • the same effect will be obtained, as previously described.
  • the walls surrounding the cavities will be splintered so that a larger number of fragments, and thus a greater efficiency of the explosive charge for antipersonnel or like uses, result.
  • a fragmentation device for producing splinters comprising a container formed of a material to produce splinters when subject to an explosive force, a chamber in said container filled with an explosive charge, and means for producing an increased splintering of said container, said means including at least one cavity disposed within said container outside said chamber, and channel means communicating between said chamber and said at least one cavity for conducting gas flow in response to ignition of said explosive charge from said chamber to said at least one cavity to cause increased splintering of said container.
  • a device wherein said at least one cavity is filled with a medium and said container is formed of a metallic material.
  • a device according to claim 2 wherein said medium is one of a non-explosive liquid and solid.
  • a device wherein said medium is one of a flammable and explosive gas.
  • said explosive charge includes at least one passageway therein which communicates with said channel means.
  • a device according to claim 5 wherein said channel means comprises at least one pipeline and said passageway is a bore.
  • a device according to claim 6 wherein said at least one pipeline and bore are substantially cylindrically shaped.
  • said explosive charge comprises an inner cylindrical body and an annular body concentrically arranged therearound, said bodies being separated by the annular-shaped passageway.
  • a device wherein said channel means passes substantially through said at least one cavity and the sealed-0E end thereof terminates in the vicinity of a wall of said at least one cavity.
  • a device according to claim 11 wherein said container, chamber and at least one cavity are substantially cylindrically shaped and said sealed-off end of said channel means is disposed near the wall of said at least one cavity opposite said chamber.
  • said at least one cavity comprises a plurality of cavities serially-arranged with respect to each other, the first of said cavities abutting said chamber, said channel means comprising a plurality of channels each communicating respectively between a cavity and said chamber.
  • said at least one cavity includes at least two cavities, each disposed on opposite sides of said chamber.
  • a device according to claim 14 further comprising a central primer disposed within said explosive charge between said cavities.
  • a process for the production of an increased number of splinters of a fragmentation device having a container formed of a material to produce splinters when subjected to an explosive force and having an explosive charge filling a chamber disposed within the container comprising producing an increased splintering of the container by disposing at least one cavity within the container outside of the chamber, igniting the explosive charge within the chamber, and conducting the gas flow resulting from the ignition of the explosive charge from the chamber into the at least one cavity to cause increased splintering of the container.
  • An explosive device producing increased fragmentation upon detonation comprising a substantially cylindrical fragmentable container, a chamber including an outer annular explosive body and an inner cylindrical explosive body disposed within said outer annular explosive body, said explosive bodies being separated by an annular-shaped passageway, at least one cylindrical cavity disposed within said container and abutting said chamber and channel means communicating between the annular-shaped passageway and said at least one cavity for conducting gas flow from said chamber to said at least one cavity in response to ignition of said explosive bodies for causing increased fragmentation of said container.
  • An explosive device according to claim 21 wherein an inert, non-explosive cylindrical body of a diameter corresponding to the diameter of said inner cylindrical explosive body is disposed concentrically inside said channel means and abuts at opposite ends thereof said inner cylindrical explosive body and the closed-off end of said pipe.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US00166191A 1970-07-25 1971-07-26 Explosive charge with improved fragmentation effect Expired - Lifetime US3786752A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702036977 DE2036977A1 (de) 1970-07-25 1970-07-25 Sprengkörper mit verbesserter Splitter wirkung

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US3786752A true US3786752A (en) 1974-01-22

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US (1) US3786752A (index.php)
BE (1) BE770377A (index.php)
DE (1) DE2036977A1 (index.php)
FR (1) FR2103286A5 (index.php)
GB (1) GB1354932A (index.php)
NO (1) NO125864B (index.php)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050057846A1 (en) * 2003-02-05 2005-03-17 George Saliba Method and system for tracking magnetic media with embedded optical servo tracks
US20050057836A1 (en) * 2003-02-05 2005-03-17 George Saliba Magnetic media with embedded optical servo tracks
US6940676B1 (en) 2000-06-07 2005-09-06 Quantum Corporation Triple push-pull optical tracking system
US7153366B1 (en) 1998-03-24 2006-12-26 Quantum Corporation Systems and method for forming a servo pattern on a magnetic tape

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2083175B (en) * 1980-09-05 1984-08-08 Gen Electric Detonator assembly and explosive projectile

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US40396A (en) * 1863-10-27 Improvement in explosive projectiles
US767776A (en) * 1904-01-05 1904-08-16 Rendrock Powder Company Torpedo.
US1554827A (en) * 1923-09-01 1925-09-22 George L Pass Incendiary projectile
US2078298A (en) * 1933-06-08 1937-04-27 Ici Ltd Blasting

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US40396A (en) * 1863-10-27 Improvement in explosive projectiles
US767776A (en) * 1904-01-05 1904-08-16 Rendrock Powder Company Torpedo.
US1554827A (en) * 1923-09-01 1925-09-22 George L Pass Incendiary projectile
US2078298A (en) * 1933-06-08 1937-04-27 Ici Ltd Blasting

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7153366B1 (en) 1998-03-24 2006-12-26 Quantum Corporation Systems and method for forming a servo pattern on a magnetic tape
US6940676B1 (en) 2000-06-07 2005-09-06 Quantum Corporation Triple push-pull optical tracking system
US20050057846A1 (en) * 2003-02-05 2005-03-17 George Saliba Method and system for tracking magnetic media with embedded optical servo tracks
US20050057836A1 (en) * 2003-02-05 2005-03-17 George Saliba Magnetic media with embedded optical servo tracks
US6980390B2 (en) 2003-02-05 2005-12-27 Quantum Corporation Magnetic media with embedded optical servo tracks
US7187515B2 (en) 2003-02-05 2007-03-06 Quantum Corporation Method and system for tracking magnetic media with embedded optical servo tracks

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FR2103286A5 (index.php) 1972-04-07
NO125864B (index.php) 1972-11-13
BE770377A (fr) 1971-12-01
GB1354932A (en) 1974-06-05
DE2036977A1 (de) 1972-02-03

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