US3786726A - Rotary hydraulic machines - Google Patents

Rotary hydraulic machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3786726A
US3786726A US00190632A US3786726DA US3786726A US 3786726 A US3786726 A US 3786726A US 00190632 A US00190632 A US 00190632A US 3786726D A US3786726D A US 3786726DA US 3786726 A US3786726 A US 3786726A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
machine
rings
rotor
piston
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00190632A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
F Freeman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF International UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucas Industries Ltd filed Critical Lucas Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3786726A publication Critical patent/US3786726A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/0675—Controlling
    • F01B1/0693—Controlling by changing the phase relationship between two actuating or actuated cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/0641—Details, component parts specially adapted for such machines
    • F01B1/0644—Pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/0641—Details, component parts specially adapted for such machines
    • F01B1/0658—Arrangements for pressing or connecting the pistons against the actuating or actuated cam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/0675—Controlling
    • F01B1/0686—Controlling by changing the effective piston stroke
    • F01B1/0689—Controlling by changing the effective piston stroke by changing the excentricity of one element relative to another element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B13/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion
    • F01B13/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder
    • F01B13/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder in star arrangement
    • F01B13/061—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder in star arrangement the connection of the pistons with the actuated or actuating element being at the outer ends of the cylinders
    • F01B13/063—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder in star arrangement the connection of the pistons with the actuated or actuating element being at the outer ends of the cylinders with two or more series radial piston-cylinder units
    • F01B13/065—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder in star arrangement the connection of the pistons with the actuated or actuating element being at the outer ends of the cylinders with two or more series radial piston-cylinder units directly located side by side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/06—Control
    • F04B1/07—Control by varying the relative eccentricity between two members, e.g. a cam and a drive shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/12—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members
    • F04B49/123—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members by changing the eccentricity of one element relative to another element
    • F04B49/128—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members by changing the eccentricity of one element relative to another element by changing the eccentricity of the cylinders, e.g. by moving a cylinder block

Definitions

  • a rotary hydraulic machine comprises a casing, a rotor mounted within the casing, an axially spaced pair of rows of radial bores in the rotor, a plurality of pistons slidable in the bores, a pair of cam rings surrounding the rotor within the casing, with which rings the rows of pistons are respectively engageable, a pair of passages in the casing with which the bores in the respective rows successively, in use, communicate, actuating means operable to move the rings to a desired eccentricity with respect to the rotor, a linkage operatively connecting the rings, the said linkage including a shaft within the casing, and a conduit within the shaft interconnecting the said passages.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a pump
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are sections on the corresponding lines in FIG. 1, and
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of part of the pump.
  • the pump has a casing 10 formed in two parts 11, 12. .lournalled in bearings 13 in the casing 10 is a rotor 14 formed with two rows l5, 16 of stepped radial bores 17. Piston assemblies 18 are slidable in the bores 17 and include slipper members 19. Surrounding the rotor 14 and pivotally mounted in the casing 10 on respective pins 20, 21 are a pair of cam rings 22, 23 against the inner surfaces of which the piston assemblies 18 of the rows 15, 16 are respectively engageable.
  • An axial bore 40 extends through the rotor 14.
  • the piston assemblies 18 includes stems 41 which extend into the bore 40 and engage thimbles 42 which serve to maintain the piston assemblies 40 closely adjacent to the cam rings 22, 23 and thus prevent the slipper members 19 from becoming separated.
  • the thimbles 42 are maintained in the correct axial spacing within the bore 40 bydumb-bellshaped members 53.
  • Each of the bores 17 has an associated port 24 which opens onto an adjacent end face of the rotor 14.
  • a pair of generally semicircular port plates 25, 26 abut the ends of the rotor 14.
  • Each of the plates 25, 26 includes a single kidney. port 54, as shown in FIG. 4, which extends round the circumference of the plate and which is aligned with the ports 24 in the rotor 14.
  • the kidney ports 54 in the plates 25, 26 respectively communicate with passages 27, 28 in the casing 10, and the port in the plate 26 communicates with an outlet 29 for the pump.
  • the ports 24 in the rotor 14 are not aligned with the plates 25, 26 they communicate, via the interior of the casing 10, with an inlet 30 for the pump.
  • a bush 31 lies within the wall of the casing 10 parallel to the axis of the rotor 14 and has a bore 32 by means of which passages 27, 28 intercommunieate.
  • a piston 33 engages the cam ring 23 and is movable radially in response to the pressure in an associated cylinder 34 in the casing part 11 to increase the eccentricity of the cam ring 23 with respect to the rotor 14.
  • a piston 35 is similarly movable in a cylinder 36 to decrease .the eccentricity of cam ring 22 with respect to the rotor 14.
  • Rotatable on the bush 31 is a hollow shaft 37 from opposite sides of which extend a pair of integral levers 38, 39 which respectively engage the cam rings 22, 23 ensuring that the eccentricity of the cam rings with respect to the rotor 14' is always equal.
  • Cylinder 36 communicates with outlet 29 via a stepped bore 43 (FIG. 3) in the casing 10. Cylinder 34 also communicates, via a flow restrictor 49 and a port 50 with the bore 43. The ends 44, 45 of bore 43 communicate with pump inlet 30. Slidable in bore 43 is a piston member 46 having an associated spool valve control member 47 by means of which cylinder 34 may be made to communicate, via bore 43, either with outlet 29, or inlet 30 or with both inlet 30 and outlet 29. In the latter case member 47 co-operates with port 50 to provide a potentiometer arrangement whereby the pressure in cylinder 34 is intermediate the pressures at the inlet 30 and outlet 29.
  • Cylinder 34 also communicates via a normally-closed solenoid valve 48 with the inlet 30.
  • Piston member 46 is responsive to the difference between the pressures at the inlet 30 and outlet 29 and is, moreover, biased by a spring 51 in a direction so that, when the pressure difference is below a predetermined amount, cylinder 34 is in communication with outlet 29.
  • the pump operates in a known manner to take up fluid at inlet 30 and discharge it under pressure from outlet 29, the volume of fluid discharged per revolution of the rotor 14 being dependent on the eccentricity of the cam rings 22, 23 with respect to the rotor 14.
  • piston 46 is moved to the left, as seen in FIG. 3, to provide a reduced pressure in cylinder 34.
  • the pump stroke is thereupon reduced by piston 35, reducing the pressure at outlet 29 to a level at which equilibrium again exists.
  • Operation of solenoid valve 48 destrokes the pump immediately by releasing the pressure in cylinder 34.
  • Restrictor 49 limits loss of 'high pressure fluidwhen valve 48 is operated.
  • shaft 31 as a passage to interconnect the high pressure ports of both halves of the pump, allows the pump to be made as a compact assembly with a minimum of external pipe connections.
  • a rotary hydraulic machine comprising a casing, a rotor mounted within the casing, an axially spaced pair of rows of radial bores in the rotor, a plurality of pistons slidable in the bores, a pair of cam rings surrounding the rotor within the casing, with which rings the rows of pistons are respectively engageable, a pair of passages in the casing with which the bores in the respective rows successively, in use, communicate, actuating means operable to move the rings to a desired eccentricity with respect to the rotor, a linkage operatively connecting the rings, said linkage including a hollow bush within the casing, a shaft journalled on said bush, and a conduit within the bush interconnecting said passages.
  • said actuating means comprises a first piston engageable with one of said rings and subjected to the pressure at a high pressure port of the machine, a second piston of larger diameter than said first piston, said second piston being engageable with the other of said rings and being subjected to a pressure intermediate the pressures at said high pressure port and at a low pressure port of the machine, and means for varying said intermediate pressure.
  • a machine as claimed in claim 3 in which movement of said first piston in response to said pressure at the high pressure port increases the eccentricity of said rings with respect to the rotor and movement of said second piston in response to an increase in said intermediate pressure reduces the eccentricity of the rings.
  • a machine as claimed in claim 4 in which said means for varying the intermediate pressure comprises a flow control valve via which said second piston can communicate with the high and low pressure ports respectively.
  • a machine as claimed in claim 6 which includes servo-actuating means responsive to an increase in the difference between the pressures at said high and low pressure ports to move the spool valve in a direction to increase said intermediate pressure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US00190632A 1970-10-21 1971-10-19 Rotary hydraulic machines Expired - Lifetime US3786726A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4998870A GB1360977A (en) 1970-10-21 1970-10-21 Rotary hydraulic machines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3786726A true US3786726A (en) 1974-01-22

Family

ID=10454234

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00190632A Expired - Lifetime US3786726A (en) 1970-10-21 1971-10-19 Rotary hydraulic machines

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3786726A (OSRAM)
JP (1) JPS5139361B1 (OSRAM)
DE (1) DE2152166A1 (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR2113076A5 (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1360977A (OSRAM)
SE (1) SE7113251L (OSRAM)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2458985A (en) * 1945-08-08 1949-01-11 Oilgear Co Hydrodynamic machine
US2895426A (en) * 1952-12-27 1959-07-21 New York Air Brake Co Hydraulic apparatus utilizing rotary cylinder blocks
US2949081A (en) * 1956-04-25 1960-08-16 Hydro Aire Inc Pumping cavity for rotary vane pump
US3626810A (en) * 1969-01-21 1971-12-14 Silent Hydropower Inc Variable reversible piston pump

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2458985A (en) * 1945-08-08 1949-01-11 Oilgear Co Hydrodynamic machine
US2895426A (en) * 1952-12-27 1959-07-21 New York Air Brake Co Hydraulic apparatus utilizing rotary cylinder blocks
US2949081A (en) * 1956-04-25 1960-08-16 Hydro Aire Inc Pumping cavity for rotary vane pump
US3626810A (en) * 1969-01-21 1971-12-14 Silent Hydropower Inc Variable reversible piston pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2113076A5 (OSRAM) 1972-06-23
DE2152166A1 (de) 1972-04-27
SE7113251L (OSRAM) 1972-04-24
JPS5139361B1 (OSRAM) 1976-10-27
GB1360977A (en) 1974-07-24

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