US3782624A - Separation or extraction apparatus utilizing distribution of solutes between immiscible phases - Google Patents

Separation or extraction apparatus utilizing distribution of solutes between immiscible phases Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3782624A
US3782624A US00195916A US3782624DA US3782624A US 3782624 A US3782624 A US 3782624A US 00195916 A US00195916 A US 00195916A US 3782624D A US3782624D A US 3782624DA US 3782624 A US3782624 A US 3782624A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
vessel
closure means
flow passages
chambers
disposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00195916A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
F Mueller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novartis AG
Original Assignee
Ciba Geigy AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ciba Geigy AG filed Critical Ciba Geigy AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3782624A publication Critical patent/US3782624A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0484—Controlling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0476—Moving receptacles, e.g. rotating receptacles

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An apparatus which makes use of the distribution of one or more solutes between two substantially immiscible liquid solvent phases to perform a separation or extraction.
  • a cylindrical vessel whose interior is subdivided by transverse partitions into a plurality of chambers each of which is in communication with its neighbours through a flow passage, is mounted for rotation with its axis horizontal. All the flowpassages are located on the same side of a plane including the axis of the cylinder.
  • Both the rotation of the vessel, and the operation of valves at the axially endmost chambers controlling supply of liquid to the vessel and withdrawal of liquid therefrom, are arranged to operate in response to a programmed control system. Supply and withdrawal of one phase at a time through the vessel can be made if the appropriate valves are opened at a time when that phase alone is presented to the flow passages in each chamber of the vessel.
  • flow passages between adjacent chambers were generally of one of two kinds.
  • a plurality of flow apertures were uniformly distributed in each partition.
  • the flow apertures of adjacent partitions being circumferentially offset so that the totality of all flow apertures, seen over the overall length of the chamber unit, are once again distributed substantially uniformly over the vessel crosssection.
  • the projection of the flow apertures on to a plane normal to the rotational axis of the vessel was substantially a uniform distribution. Since all rotational positions are therefore equivalent it is not possible to influence the operation of the vessel by utilising predetermined angular positions.
  • phase bounderies are graded in steps through the chambers in the course of a separating operation even if very small pump velocities and relatively large flow apertures are used to minimise this effect.
  • low pump velocities result in a low rate of throughput and therefore in a poor output, and that large flow apertures cause substantial re-mixing and therefore result in lower efficiencies.
  • apparatus for utilising the distribution of one or more solutes between two substantially immiscible liquid solvent phases to perform a separation or extraction, which apparatus comprises:
  • a hollow vessel mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis
  • first and second ducting means providing separate passages for liquid transfer between the respective interiors of first and second chambers of said vessel and the exterior of the vessel;
  • control means adapted to operate said closure means in response to the angular disposition of the vessel about said axis relative to a reference position.
  • the vessel is of substantially cylindrical configuration and all the flow apertures or passages are disposed in a sector subtending an angle at the axis of 45 or less.
  • the closure means may be automatically actuated solenoid. valves, and the control means for the closure means may be programmed and also arranged to control the rotational drive of the vessel.
  • all the flow apertures are substantially aligned in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel.
  • the configuration of the vessel defines two important angular zones. In one of these two zones only the upper liquid phases of adjacent chambers communicate, while in the other only the lower liquid phases of adjacent chambers communicate. Flow of liquid in the axial direction may be arranged to take place either only in the. upper or in the lower phase. Accordingly, a flow of one phase only .can be produced by a pressure gradient alone provided it is applied at an appropriate time. Displacement of the phase which is not to be transferred can be made impossible by operation of the closure means in response to the control means, and appropri-' ate programming ensures that the phase which is not to be transferred during the time interval concerned is completely enclosed in the vessel.
  • the closure means are therefore not merely aids for controlling the supply or discharge of the liquid phases into or from the vessel but, in'cooperation with the specially disposed flow passages and the control means also ensure a positively controlled phase flow and therefore a constant phase ratio. Furthermore, the rotation of the vessel is utilised not only for adjusting the distribution equilibrium but also for controlling the liquid phase flows.
  • embodiments constructed in accordance with this invention have their vessel filled to a much higher level or even completely. This results in an improvement of the ratio between occupied space and attainable throughput.
  • the vessels of embodiments of the apparatus in accordance with this invention may be enclosed in completely air tight manner. It is therefore possible to operate in an inert gas atmosphere, under conditions of very low gas consumption, a feature which is of particular importance when it is necessary to operate with solute components which are readily oxidisable.
  • Embodiments of apparatus according to the invention may be provided without difficulty with a regulator for controlling the liquid phase flow ratio.
  • two sampling chambers of the vessel disposed symmetrically relative to a feed chamber of the vessel, are tapped and small quantities of the upper or lowerphase are pumped continuously or at certain intervals from the aforementioned two chambers through two detectors selected in accordance with the appropriate analytical problem and then returned into the same sampling chamber.
  • the two measured values thus obtained are compared with set values.
  • the difference signals produced by the comparison between measured and set values are utilised for the automatic follow-up control of the phase flow ratio.
  • the flow apertures are preferably disposed in configurations with the maximum possible eccentricity from the axis of the vessel.
  • the phase ratio may thus be selected substantially without restriction (p 0.1 This isparticularly important for operation with a stationary phase.
  • FIG. 1a is a diagrammatic illustration of one embodiment of apparatus'in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. lb is a side view of the apparatus of FIG. la as seen in the direction of the arrows lb 1b of FIG. la
  • FIGS. 2 to 8 show seven different variations for the interior construction of the vessel, ach being shown as a partial axial section;
  • FIGS. 8a 8b and 80 show separate sections along the lines VIIIa, VIIIb amd Vlllc of FIG. 8;
  • FIGS. 9 to 17 are graphs to explain methods of operation of the entire system of FIGS. 1a and lb.
  • ducts and/or pipelines which cooperate with the stationary pipelines.
  • These latter ducts and/or pipelines rotate with the cylindrical vessel 20 and are in communication with the stationary pipes through stationary, hollow cylindrical housings 350, 351 in which the stub extensions 250, 251 are arranged to rotate in the manner of a gland and appropriate annular grooves.
  • Such arrangements are usually referred to as rotary seal bushings.
  • Each of the stationary pipes 200 205 is connected through a solenoid valves 220 225 and pumps, which are not shown, to vessels which are also not shown.
  • the cylindrical vessel '20 is provided with two circular end discs 50, 51 which sit on rollers 52 55 which in turn are supported by means of bearing pedestalsSS and 59 to run freely relative to the machine bed 60.
  • the cylindrical vessel may be driven by the arrangement shown in FIG. 1b in which a motor drives a belt drive comprising belt pulleys 192 and 193 and a toothed belt 194, via a continuously variable transmission 191.
  • the cylindrical vessel 20 is hollow and its interior is sub-divided into a plurality of chambers by means of transverse partitions or bulkheads 210 which are disposed at right angles to the axis of the cylinder in the preferred arrangement.
  • the resultant chambers 206, 207, 208, 209 etc. have radial dimensions much greater than their axial dimensions and adjacent chambers communicate with each other through flow passages 211. All the flow passages 211 are radially offset from the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical vessel and on the same side of a plane including the longitudinal axis. Preferably all the flow passages lie within a cylindrical sector subtending an angle smaller than 45 at the axis. Different configurations for the flow apertures are illustrated in FIGS. 2 8.
  • all the flow passages 211 comprise apertures in the partitions or bulkheads which are disposed in a straight line which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, i.e. they are radially offset at equal distances from the longitudinal axis, baffles being disposed between the said flow apertures in order to suppress the so-called coanda effect.
  • each of these baffles comprises a circular disc 40 in each chamber; in FIG. 3 each baffie comprises a centrally perforated disc 41 in each chamber; and in FIG. 4 each comprises a labyrinth sequence of circular discs 40 and centrally perforated discs 41.
  • each of the closing elements is represented by a small disc 42, all of which discs are fixedly threaded to a common rod 43. Displacement of the rod 43 enables the flow apertures 211 to be partially or wholly closed. In the opened position the discs 42 function as baffles.
  • all the flow passages 211 are disposed on a straight line, the flow passages being constructed as inclined ducts in order to prevent the coanda effect.
  • the flow apertures 211 are radially offset at different distances from the longitudinal axis but are all disposed in the same plane including the longitudinal axis of the vessel.
  • alternate flow apertures 211 are offset from a reference plane including the longitudinal axis of the vessel.
  • alternate offset flow apertures are offset to the left and to the right whereby to define angles of offset +0: 0: subtended at the axis.
  • the angle of offset feature of the FIG. 8 embodiment may be combined with the radial offset feature of FIG. 7.
  • the cylindrical vessel may be constructed as described in Swiss Patent specification No. 433,199 from rings of stainless steel, plastics or the like and perforated plates which are alternately stressed together.
  • circular plates which form the partitions or bulkheads may be located at a distance by means of a central mandrel or the like and for a hose of suitable material, for example plastics, such as polytetrafluoroethylene-propylene or the like and to be shrunk on to the structural component thus formed.
  • the cylindrical vessel with a charge comprising the two liquid phases concerned and the particular solute is rotated about its longitudinal axis at a rate of between 5 and 50 rev/min in order to adjust the distribution equilibrium of the solute concerned between the two solvent phases.
  • a constantly renewing liquid film of that phase with better wetting properties is produced on the chamber bulkhead in the course of this rotation and, where they are present, also on the baffles. The resultant large area of contact between the two phases ensures that the distribution equilibrium is rapidly obtained.
  • Closure means preferably in the form of solenoid valves 220-225, are provided for the pipelines 200-205; and programmable control means, designated generally by the letters ST in FIG. 1, are provided for operating the closure means in response to the angular disposition of the vessel about its longitudinal axis relative to a reference position.
  • programmable control means designated generally by the letters ST in FIG. 1
  • the opening times of the valves 220 225 may be controlled in dependence on the angular positions of the flow passages 211 in the manner required for any selected mode of operation of the apparatus.
  • control means ST comprises seven timers 1 7, three counters 13 15, a resetting unit 30, an angular setting encoding unit 31, a storing indicator unit 12, a contactor control system 17, a programming unit 16 and a, stabilised dc voltage source 32 operated from a power line.
  • the power line connection is designated by the letter N.
  • the control means ST is connected by way of the encoding unit 31 to apparatus which scans the rotational disposition of the cylindrical unit-20.
  • the rotational scanning unit comprises two microswitches 24 and 25, the actuating elements of which are disposed in the path of at least one respective cam 22, 23 which cams are disposed on a stub extension 21 of the cylindrical unit.
  • the programming unit 16 is preferably constructed as a printed circuit, and connects different stages of the control means to each other and to the control windings of the solenoid valves 220 225 depending on the particular program selected.
  • Each ofthe timers 1 7 is provided with a potentiometer 71 to 77, respectively to enable its operating period to be adjusted and may be triggered by depressing a start button 91 to 97, respectively, or by feeding an electric pulse to a terminal 701 to 707, respectively. It will be'a ppreciated that a pulse is delivered through the respective terminal whenever its associated start button is depressed.
  • the time to which the potentiometers 71 to 77 respectively are set begins to run down at the moment of triggering.
  • a relay 101 to 107 respectively is energised to close a pair of contacts 301 to 307 respectively.
  • Each of these pairs of contacts is arranged to be opened when the time set by the potentiometers 71 to 77 respectively has elapsed. At this moment of time an electric pulse is arranged to be delivered from a pulse output 901 to 907 respectively.
  • the pairs of contacts 301 to 307 respectively may be closed independently of the state of their associated timer 1 to 7 respectively by closing a switch 601 to 607, respec tively, provided for manual operation. The manual control therefore has priority over the automatic control.
  • Each of the counters 13, 14 or 15 may be reset to .zero by means of a push-button 27,. 28, 26.
  • the counter 13 is constructed as a preselector counter.
  • the contactor control system 17 controls the entire power supply. Closing of a switch 98 causes a contactor 99 to be energised and to close its contacts. This in turn results in connection of the dc voltage source and in disconnection of the feed to the motor 190 through two contactors and 180.
  • the contactor 170 is provided for reversing the polarity of the motor feed and therefore defines the direction of rotation of the motor 190. Contactor 170 is controlled by the timers 1 and 3.
  • the contactor is provided for switching the motor on and off and is controlled by the encoding state 31 through a conductor 34 and by the timers 3 and 4.
  • a gate circuit, contained in the, encoding stage 31, and a bistable stage ensure that in intermittent operation the control contactor 180 becomes inoperative after activation of the timer 1 only when cam 23 closes switch 25. Until this time is reached the control winding of contactor 180 will remain energised through conductor 34. However, if timer 2 is activated, the contactor 180 is becomes inoperative only if cam 22 closes switch 24.
  • the encoding stage 31 ensures that, during continuous operation, the timers 5, 6 (and, where appropriate the timer 7) are activated only if the cylindrical unit 20 is in a defined position which is suitable for a desired transfer of a liquid phase through the unit.
  • the counter 15, actuated by a pulse from the resetting unit 30, counts the number of complete machine cycles.
  • each of the storing indicating elements is represented as a box with a lamp disposed therein.
  • the box symbolises a bistable stage which is adapted to switch the lamp.
  • a pulse, arriving from the associated timer sweeps each of the bistable stages into the position in which the lamp is switched on and in which position it remains until a pulse from the position indicated in the circuit of the programming unit by the numeral 444 in FIG. la arrives at the second input.
  • the operating state of the apparatus at any time is therefore indicated in the lamp section 401 407.
  • the bistable stage may be formed by a self-locking relay or latch relay.
  • a resetting pulse from the resetting stage 30, supplied automatically at the end of a complete program sequence or provided manually by depressing a resetting button 11 sweeps back 'the bistable stages and thus extinguishes the lamps that were previously switches on.
  • Two preferred angular rotational positions of the chamber unit will be designated in the functional description hereinbelow as horizontal position" and zenith position respectively. In the horizontal position all flow apertures 211 are disposed either in the horizontal plane including the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical vessel (as in theembodiments shown in FIGS.
  • the cylindrical vessel Prior to each operation the cylindrical vessel is filled with both liquid phases (of which, we shall refer to the relatively denser liquid as forming the lower phase and the relatively less dense liquid as forming the upper phase).
  • the valve 220 is connected to means for the supply of the lower phase to the unit and the valve 221 is connected to means for supply of the upper phase to the unit.
  • Each of the two feed means comprise a supply vessel and a pump; such means are well known per se and are therefore not shown.
  • the buttons 93 or 94 are depressed until the motor 190 has rotated the cylindrical vessel into its horizontal position.
  • the button 96 is depressed in the horizontal position. This causes the valves 220 (lower phase supply valve) and 225 (discharge valve) to be opened.
  • the button 96 is depressed or interlocked until the unit is filled with the lower phase to the level of the flow passages 211.
  • the buttons 93 or 94 are depressed or interlocked until the motor 190, thus switched on, has rotated the cylindrical vessel into its zenith position.
  • the valves 22] (upper phase supply valve) and 224 (discharge valve) are opened by depressing the button 95 until the remaining volume of the cylindrical vessel is filled with the light phase, apart from a small air cushion which will remain above the flow apertures if no further precautions are taken.
  • the vessel Before being charged with liquid, the vessel is flushed.
  • Vessels of relatively large size are preferably provided with venting means for each chamber and may then be completely filled without difficulty (that is to say without resorting to the use of vacuum means) when the venting means are open.
  • the apparatus will operate in the following manner after charging of the cylindrical unit when the programming unit 16 of FIG. 1 is employed.
  • the relay 103 energises and closes the contact 303. At the same time the indicating element 403, associated with the timer 3, is switched on.
  • the motor 190 rotates the cylindrical vessel 20 in th clockwise direction via the transmission 191 and the belt drive 192, 193, 194.
  • the timer 3 is swept back into its zero positionat the end of the period of time to which the potentiometer 73 of the timer 3 has been set. Accordingly, the relay 103 then opens its contact 303.
  • a pulse appears at the pulse output 903 and passes through the programming unit 16 to the pulse input 701 of the timer 1. This causes the timer 1 to be started and its relay 101 closes the contacts 301. Accordingly, the contactor continues to remain in the illustrated position.
  • the contactor is energised by the encoding stage 31 only until the cam 23 closes the switch 25.
  • Cam 23 and switch 25 are disposed relative to the axis of rotation of the cylindrical vessel so that the flow apertures are in the zenith position when the switch 25 is closed.
  • the motor is therefore stopped when the cylindrical vessel is in the zenith position.
  • the relay 101 opens its contact at the end of the period of time to which the timer 1 or its potentiometer 71 is set. Accordingly, the contactor 170 then reverses the polarity of the feed for the motor 190 to produce an opposite sense of rotation of the unit (in the counter-clockwise sense in this specific example).
  • a pulse will then appear at the pulse output 901. This pulse is transferred through the programming unit 16 to the pulse input 705 of the timer 5 and also switches on the indicating element 405. This in turn causes the timer 5 to be started.
  • the relay 105 will be energised to close its contacts 305.
  • the upper phase valves 221 (supply) and 224 (discharge) will then be energised and remain open while the timer 5 runs down.
  • Upper phase is fed into the chamber 207 through the duct 201 during this period of time.
  • An identical quantity of upper phase is discharged from the chamber 208 through the duct 204 and is collected, for example in a fraction collector (not shown).
  • the relay 105 is de-energised and opens its contacts 305 after the time 5 has run down.
  • the valves22l and 224 are thus once again closed.
  • the pulse passes from the output 905 through the programming unit 16 and a selector switch 131 of the preselector counter 13 to the pulse input 704 of the timer 4.
  • the relay 104 closes its contacts 304 so that the contactor 180 is energised.
  • the motor 190 rotates the cylindrical vessel in the counter-clockwise direction. (Reversal of the motor avoids undesirable pumping'effects which are the result of installation inaccuracies. Pumping effects of this kind would result in a detrimental shift of the boundary between the two phases in individual chambers of the vessel. Avoidance of such installation inaccuracies is generally too costly.)
  • the relay 104 opens its contacts 304. A pulse passes from the pulse output 904 through the programming unit 16 to the pulse input 702. This starts the timer 2 and accordingly causes the indicating element 402 to be switched on.
  • the relay 102 is energised and closes its contacts 302.
  • the hold signal for the contactor 180 is maintained by the encoding unit 31 through a conductor 33 on the conductor 34 until the cam 22 closes the switch 24. At this moment the contactor 180 will interrupt the motor current.
  • the motor 190 stops the rotation of cylindrical unit 20 with theflow apertures 211 being disposed in I the position opposite to the zenith position.
  • a pulse passes from the pulse output to the pulse input 706 of the timer 6. This causes the said timer to be started and accordingly causes the indicating element 406 to be switched on.
  • the relay 106 closes its contacts 306.
  • the lower phase valves 220 and 225 will then be energised and remain open while the timer 6 runs down.
  • lower phase is fed through the duct 205 into the chamber 208.
  • a quantity of lower phase leaves the cylindrical vessel 20 through the duct 220 and is preferably also collected in a fraction collector (not shown).
  • the valves 220 and 225 are closed at the moment'of time at which the timer 6 has run down.
  • the pulse which appears at the output 906 is transferred to the resetting unit 30,
  • the indicating element 407 is switched on and the relay 107 closes its contacts 307.
  • Closing of the contacts 307 causes the valves 222 and 223 to be opened.
  • Samples may be obtained from intermediate chamber 209 through the ducts 202 and 203 and may be returned after analysis while the timer 7 runs down.
  • its pulse output 907 delivers a pulse to the pulse input 704 of the timer 4 so that the cycle which has just been completed is normally continued.
  • the next reset ting pulse of the resetting unit 30 sets the counter 13 to zero, the switch 131 again moves back into the illustrated position and the counter 14 is provided with a counting pulse through the conductor 132.
  • the graph of FIG. 9 shows the conditions of operation over a period of time when the upper phase is mobile and the lower phase is stationary.
  • the mixture to be separated, dissolved in some of the upper or lower phase solvent is introduced as a liquid charge into the vessel by operation of supply and discharge valves (221 and 224) while the cylindrical vessel is stationary. With the valves closed, the vessel is then rotated until equilibrium of partition of solute between the two phases is obtained. After the cylindrical vessel has been brought to a stop so that the flow passages are in the position opposite to the zenith position, elution through the upper phase will begin after a possible pause for separation of the phases from each other.
  • one of the sets of supply and discharge valves (221, 224) is opened until approximately one tenth of the upper phase volume of one chamber is transferred. This is followed by a fresh cycle.
  • the individual components of the mixture may be collected at the upper phase discharge (valve 224) as a series of successive concentration peaks (which follow quasi Gauss distribution curves) since the individual components traverse the cylindrical unit at different rates corresponding to their different Nernst distribution coefficients.
  • Slowly travelling impurites may be removed from the chamber unit on completion of the separation process by virtue of the polluted lower phase being displaced by fresh lower phase when the upper phase is in a steady-state and the apparatus is stationary in the position opposite to the zenith position.
  • the graph of FIG. 10 illustrates the operation of the process over a period of time when the lower phase is mobile and the upper phase is stationary.
  • the cycle is the same as previously explained with reference to FIG. 9, except that in place of the upper phase valves (221, 224) the lower phase valves (225, 220) are opened whenever the flow apertures are in their position opposite to the zenith position. Slowly traversing impurities'may of course also be removed from the apparatus by partial replacement of the upper phase after completion of the separation operation.
  • both phases may be optionally set in motion, it is possible to obtain separations with pairs of phase in which the components of the mixture travel only very slowly with the upper phase through the apparatus owing to small distribution coefficients (k 1), such separations being performed with a steady-state upper phase and a mobile lower phase.
  • the graph of FIG. 11 shows the operation conditions over a period of time when phases move in the same senses.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
US00195916A 1970-11-09 1971-11-05 Separation or extraction apparatus utilizing distribution of solutes between immiscible phases Expired - Lifetime US3782624A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1653370A CH530808A (de) 1970-11-09 1970-11-09 Vorrichtung zum Trennen und Extrahieren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3782624A true US3782624A (en) 1974-01-01

Family

ID=4418181

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00195916A Expired - Lifetime US3782624A (en) 1970-11-09 1971-11-05 Separation or extraction apparatus utilizing distribution of solutes between immiscible phases

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3782624A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS558203B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA964436A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH530808A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2154467C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2113525A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1375730A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT942278B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL173359C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE372710B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4698159A (en) * 1979-06-19 1987-10-06 Ciba-Geigy Ag Separating process
US6562238B1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2003-05-13 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for controlling counter current

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6031521B2 (ja) * 1975-07-16 1985-07-23 洋三 椛沢 物質の抽出，分離装置
JPS55105610U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1979-01-19 1980-07-23

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2403089A (en) * 1943-04-30 1946-07-02 Lars Ernest Centrifugal separator
US2422882A (en) * 1942-11-04 1947-06-24 Bramley Arthur Separation of fluids by simultaneous centrifugation and selective diffusion
US3027390A (en) * 1959-03-13 1962-03-27 Benjamin H Thurman Apparatus and method for centrifugal purification of fatty oils
US3053440A (en) * 1959-03-04 1962-09-11 Walter J Podbielniak Rotating separator with distribution and mixing means

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL85900C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1950-10-10

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422882A (en) * 1942-11-04 1947-06-24 Bramley Arthur Separation of fluids by simultaneous centrifugation and selective diffusion
US2403089A (en) * 1943-04-30 1946-07-02 Lars Ernest Centrifugal separator
US3053440A (en) * 1959-03-04 1962-09-11 Walter J Podbielniak Rotating separator with distribution and mixing means
US3027390A (en) * 1959-03-13 1962-03-27 Benjamin H Thurman Apparatus and method for centrifugal purification of fatty oils

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4698159A (en) * 1979-06-19 1987-10-06 Ciba-Geigy Ag Separating process
US6562238B1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2003-05-13 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for controlling counter current

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2154467C2 (de) 1986-01-30
CH530808A (de) 1972-11-30
CA964436A (en) 1975-03-18
JPS558203B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-03-03
GB1375730A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-27
FR2113525A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-06-23
NL7115351A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-05-12
IT942278B (it) 1973-03-20
SE372710B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-01-13
DE2154467A1 (de) 1972-05-10
NL173359C (nl) 1984-01-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3143393A (en) Apparatus for automatically performing chemical operations and similar or related operations
US3701609A (en) Apparatus for automatically adding preselected patterns of eluent solutions to a chromatographic column and monitoring and collecting eluted fractions
US3559700A (en) Method and apparatus for filling containers with multiple separate streams of viscous material
US3782624A (en) Separation or extraction apparatus utilizing distribution of solutes between immiscible phases
US2858992A (en) Winding machine
DE3716765C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US3999742A (en) Rotary jar-type powder homogenizer
US3638798A (en) Filter structure
CN118961305A (zh) 一种外排废水质量检测装置
US3660042A (en) Apparatus for extracting with a liquid, products which are part of solids
US3165049A (en) Automatic photographic color processing machine
CA2342636C (en) Chromatographic separator
US2942613A (en) Controlling the drain or fill rate of containers
US2967093A (en) Apparatus for effecting extraction
US3751990A (en) Liquid sampling
US4698159A (en) Separating process
US3895509A (en) Bending machine for rods, wires and other elongated articles of steel, etc.
US2785834A (en) Blender for roofing granules
US2998019A (en) Means for controlling the concentration of a suspension
CN216629758U (zh) 液相模拟移动床吸附分离系统
US3596882A (en) Multiple linear gradient maker
US3882022A (en) Apparatus for the permutation of movable bed fluids
SU1361485A1 (ru) Хроматограф
US3203216A (en) Machine for incasing cables and the like
SU924515A2 (ru) Перистальтический дозатор