US3778979A - Method of and apparatus for cleaning gases - Google Patents

Method of and apparatus for cleaning gases Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3778979A
US3778979A US00129447A US3778979DA US3778979A US 3778979 A US3778979 A US 3778979A US 00129447 A US00129447 A US 00129447A US 3778979D A US3778979D A US 3778979DA US 3778979 A US3778979 A US 3778979A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
casing
nozzle
deflector
curved part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00129447A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
G Friedling
M Chuard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technicair SA
Original Assignee
Technicair SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technicair SA filed Critical Technicair SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3778979A publication Critical patent/US3778979A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
    • B01D47/021—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath by bubbling the gas through a liquid bath
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
    • B01D47/022—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath by using a liquid curtain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
    • B01D47/027—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath by directing the gas to be cleaned essentially tangential to the liquid surface

Definitions

  • the present invention has for its object to obviate or minimise these disadvantages.
  • a method of cleaning a gas contaminated by dust and like particles which includes forcing the gas through a nozzle defined by a liquid surface and a wall surface so that liquid is taken up by some of the gas, passing the thus partially wetted gas into a turbulent zone in which the gas becomes wetted throughout, and returning some of the thus wetted gas into the upper part of the said nozzle to wet that portion of the gas which passes through the nozzle without contacting the surface of the liquid.
  • an apparatus for carrying out the above method comprising a nozzle defined by a liquid surface and the surface of a wall and through which the gas is forced so that some of it takes up liquid, a channel extending downstream from said nozzle to a chamber formed above said wall and providing a turbulent zone in which the gas becomes wetted throughout, an opening being formed in the wall to communicate said chamber with the upper part of the nozzle whereby wetted gas is returned from the chamber to the upper part of the nozzle to wet that portion of the gas which passes through the nozzle without contacting the surface of the liquid.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation in axial section through an apparatus in accordance with one embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a section on the line 22 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view, illustrating a detail of the apparatus as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 4-5 are fragmentary views illustrating possible detail modifications
  • FIG. 6 is a partial view in axial section through an apparatus in accordance with a third embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a section on the line 7-7 in FIG. 6, and
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view illustrating a modification of the apparatus as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 The apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises an outer casing indicated generally by the reference numeral 1 which in shape is a right rectangular prism, and which comprises a main body part 2 with top and bottom horizontal walls 3 and 4, vertical walls 5 and 6, and two thin sheet metal side members 8 and 9 which are bolted to angle-iron frame elements 10 disposed at the sides of the body 2, that is in the manner indicated in FIG. 3.
  • a vertical partition 13 supported by crossmembers 11, 12 extending between the walls 5 and 6 bounds on the left-hand side of casing 1 (that is as seen in FIGS. 1 and 2) a vertical channel 14 which is connected at its upper end with a gas inlet tube 15.
  • the partition 13 terminates at its lower end in an inwardly curved part 16 spaced from the bottom wall 4.
  • the cross-member 12 bears a curved deflector 17 which on the right-hand side of the casing 1 bounds a channel 18.
  • This channel terminates at its upper and below an inclined member which forms part of a baffle 19 secured to the wall 6.
  • the deflector 17 approximately prolongs the curved lower end part 16 of the partition 13, but the edge 17a thereof is spaced from the inner edge 16a of the partition so as to leave a gap 20 between them.
  • the baffle 19 forms a constriction 12 between it and the inside surface 13a of the partition 13.
  • the constriction 21 leads into a chamber 22 in the upper part of the casing l.
  • a horizontal wall 23 extending between the vertical wall 6 and the partition I3 has therein a flared inlet 24 for a centrifugal fan rotor 25 driven by an electric motor 26 mounted on the top wall 3.
  • a drip separator 27 mounted in chamber 22 is inclined downwardly towards the wall 6 and serves to return collected liquid on to an upper inclined wall 19b of the baffle 19. Liquid flows down the wall 19b to the inner end 19c thereof from which it falls in the form of a curtain of drips 28.
  • Fan rotor 25 intakes gas which has been cleaned in the top chamber 22 and outputs gas to a chamber 29 for exhausting through a side aperture 31.
  • the lower part of the casing 1 forms a vessel which is filled with water to a reference level determined by an overflow orifice (not shown); the reference level is initially slightly above the inner edge 16a of the partition 13; in other words when operation of the apparatus is started the edge 16a is immersed in water.
  • the top free edge 17d of the curved deflector 17 serves to trigger a vortex in the gas flow, the vortex being produced in a space or chamber 35 behind the deflector 17 in that part of the apparatus into which the curtain of drips 28 from the baffle l9 falls.
  • the direction of rotation of the vortex in the chamber 35 is such that on reaching the gap 20 it is moving in the same general direction as gas passing through the nozzle.
  • the gap 20 is disposed in the narrow part of the nozzle 34, so that some of the water-laden gas in the chamber 35 is induced by venturi effect into the upper zone of the nozzle 34.
  • this gas is derived from a very moist zone (in the chamber 35), it effectively helps to wet from above gas flowing through the nozzle 34, the upper zone of such gas being, of course, away from the surface of the water.
  • Introducing moist gas into the upper zone of the gas flowing through the nozzle 34 makes the lower surface 17b of the deflector 17 an important factor in the extraction of particles from the gas.
  • Returning some of the gas in this way also helps to raise flow velocities in the downstream part of the nozzle 34 and therefore to increase carrying-off of drips of water and thus wetting of the gas flowing through the nozzle.
  • the increased vortex produced in chamber 35 by reaspiration of moist gas through the gap 20 also aids the collection of particles on the upper surface 17c of the deflector l7, and on the surface 130 of the partition 13.
  • the presence of the gap 20 is found to improve humidification and to reduce the dimensions of the apparatus required for a given rate of gas flow.
  • Additional water is supplied, as required, through a supply line 70 extending into the chamber 22 in the upper part of the casing 1 above the level of the baffle 19, this water being added to the curtain of drips 28.
  • Fins, such as that marked with the reference numeral 71 may also be provided to cause drops of water to fall back into the flowing gas.
  • the supply line 70 has therein a control valve 72.
  • the valve 72 is automatically controlled by a differential pressure responsive device 73 disposed in the partition 13 so as to be partly in the channel 14 and partly in the chamber 35.
  • the device 73 allows water to be supplied when the upstream/downstream pressure difference in the nozzle 34 drops below a predetermined minimum, and to cut off the supply of water when such pressure difference has been restored to a value sufficient for the gas to flow at the required velocity in the nozzle. if this pressure difference is maintained substantially constant, the nozzle gas velocity too remains substantially constant at a value suitable for taking up and carrying away water. This ensures satisfactory operation of the apparatus despite considerable fluctuations in the rate of gas flow, the latter often depending upon factors external to the apparatus.
  • the overall ground space required for the apparatus is small, the main gas flow directions falling and rising on either side of the nozzle 34 bounded by the water surface.
  • the apparatus can easily be cleaned after removal of the two side members8 and 9. Since these webs are made of thin sheet metal and are devoid of stiffening, adequate sealing-tightness between the inner wall side edges and the webs can readily be provided, the negative pressure produced in the apparatus keeping the webs in engagement with the edges of the wall 6.
  • a nozzle 40* is bounded above the surface of the water by a flexible sheet 41 secured to a vertical partition 42.
  • the member 41 which may, for instance, be made of rubber, takes an aerodynamic shape corresponding to the gas pressure in the nozzle zone; weights 43 can be added to the member 41 to vary this pressure.
  • the member 41 drops if the water level drops, and so gas velocity is automatically maintained at a high enough value despite any momentary drop in the water level.
  • a crossrod 44 extends between arms 45 pivoted in brackets 46 and carrying floats 47.
  • the arms 45 and floats 47 are so arranged that the rod 44 will be disposed immediately below the level of the water at the place of maximum gas velocity. A thin layer of water above the rod 44 is constantly removed by the flowing gas.
  • the rod 44 is replaced by a transverse strip 48 adjustably disposed in guides 49.
  • water is received in a receptacle 60 into which the lower end of a casing 61, supported on legs 62, extends.
  • the receptacle 60 which is supported on releasable support members 63, can be lowered for cleaning. Sealingtightness between the receptacle 60 and the casing 61 is provided by water in the receptacle 60; the water must be at a high enough level for a pressure difference corresponding to the negative pressure in the casing 61 to be produced between the outside level and the inside level.
  • a receptacle or the like 64 has in the bottom thereof a lining strip 65 movable between two drums, reels or the like 66 and made, for example, from a very fine open-pored synthetic plastics material such as polyurethane foam. Particles which collect in the water are deposited in the pores of the lining strip 65, which can be moved or replaced without interrupting the operation of the apparatus.
  • the lining strip 65 can, if required, be of the endless kind and go through a cleaning facility between leaving and re-entering the receptacle 64.
  • the strip may have a non-porous lower surface whereby not even very fine particles can pass through it.
  • An apparatus for cleaning a gas contaminated by dust and like particles comprising an outer casing in the shape of a right rectangular prism the lower end of which forms a vessel having liquid therein, vertical inlet channel through which the contamined gas to be cleaned is passed downwardly, said channel being defined by one wall of said casing and a vertical partition disposed within and extending the whole width of said casing, the lower end of said partition being inwardly curved to constitute an inwardly curved part extending toward an opposite wall of said outer casing,
  • a deflector disposed within and extending the whole width of said casing, said deflector arranged substantially in prolongation of said curved part but spaced from said curved part to form a gap therebetween, said curved part and said deflector being spaced above the liquid in said vessel and cooperatively constituting a substantially horizontal nozzle therebetween having a narrowmost portion adjacent said gap, said deflector having an curved upwardly part, and an outlet channel from said nozzle being formed between said upwardly curved part of 5 said deflector and said opposite wall of the casing, said inwardly curved part of said vertical partition and said deflector defining a chamber in communication with said outlet channel,
  • said upwardly curved part of said deflector having a top free edge for triggering in said chamber a rotating vortex and directing a portion of the latter to enter said gap, moving thereat in a same general direction as the contaminated gas passing through said nozzle for wetting a portion of the incoming contaminated gas which passes through the nozzle without contacting the surface of the liquid,
  • baffle on said opposite wall of the outer casing and extending into said casing above said chamber towards said vertical partition and forming a constriction therebetween and between said upwardly curved part in said casing so that gas flowing up through said casing is forced to follow an S-shaped path, and said baffle being oriented over said chamber so that liquid collecting thereon will drop off said baffle into said chamber,
  • a rotor means at an outlet portion of said casing for drawing the gas through said apparatus.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
US00129447A 1970-05-14 1971-03-30 Method of and apparatus for cleaning gases Expired - Lifetime US3778979A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH723970A CH525022A (fr) 1970-05-14 1970-05-14 Procédé d'épuration d'un courant gazeux chargé de particules et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3778979A true US3778979A (en) 1973-12-18

Family

ID=4322029

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00129447A Expired - Lifetime US3778979A (en) 1970-05-14 1971-03-30 Method of and apparatus for cleaning gases

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3778979A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH525022A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2117158A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES389933A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2083247A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1324766A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE370497B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3980458A (en) * 1975-01-11 1976-09-14 Technicair S.A. Apparatus for purifying a gaseous stream
US4088717A (en) * 1974-07-26 1978-05-09 GEA Kuhlturmbau und Systemtechnik Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung Cooling tower
US4290784A (en) * 1977-11-30 1981-09-22 Rawicki Bogdan J Apparatus and method for extracting dust from air
FR2500999A1 (fr) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-10 Barthelemy Jean Support plan profile pour maintenir et positionner les branches ou tiges des vegetaux
US4711294A (en) * 1985-08-14 1987-12-08 Jacobs Alphonse F Temperature and humidity control system
US4822385A (en) * 1987-07-14 1989-04-18 Maysteel Corporation Exhaust cleansing apparatus
GB2240286A (en) * 1988-12-20 1991-07-31 Kelly Meston Gas scrubbing apparatus.
US5076972A (en) * 1990-09-10 1991-12-31 Lu Qiu Jiang Evaporative air conditioner with rotary fan serving as fluid supplier, atomizer and blower
US5141538A (en) * 1991-09-23 1992-08-25 Jim Derington Scrubber for grease exhaust duct
US5248858A (en) * 1992-04-08 1993-09-28 Lin Chi Hsiang Automotive muffler and dust catcher assembly
US5292353A (en) * 1991-07-03 1994-03-08 The Delfield Company Air scrubber
US20090013989A1 (en) * 2007-05-17 2009-01-15 Brown Stephen L Lineal slot ventilator with internal cleaning system and adjustable baffle

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK156939C (da) * 1987-05-04 1990-03-19 Ideal Line As Efterfilter til et pulversproejte-maleanlaeg
NO971571L (no) * 1997-04-04 1998-10-05 Kkelien Ingar B Dobbeltvirkende selvroterende skrÕstilt vannfilter
US9050551B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2015-06-09 American Air Liquide, Inc. Supersonic venturi scrubber

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1841286A (en) * 1930-06-19 1932-01-12 James W Gilmore Air cleaner for carburetors
FR820897A (fr) * 1936-04-21 1937-11-20 Devilbiss Co Procédé et appareil pour l'épuration de l'air
US2321653A (en) * 1941-07-29 1943-06-15 Albin A Carlson Air cleaner
US2339982A (en) * 1941-07-19 1944-01-25 Ind Sheet Metal Works Inc Dust collector
US2459635A (en) * 1945-08-30 1949-01-18 Peters Dalton Inc Gas washer
AU248251A (en) * 1951-05-08 1951-07-12 Standard Telephones And Cables Pty. Limited Phase changer
US2853152A (en) * 1955-02-16 1958-09-23 Dallow Lambert And Company Ltd Apparatus for the removal of solid particles from gases
GB1032891A (en) * 1963-03-14 1966-06-15 Heat & Air Systems Ltd Paint spray booth
US3264805A (en) * 1962-11-06 1966-08-09 Buell Ltd Gas scrubbers
US3385032A (en) * 1964-12-03 1968-05-28 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Apparatus for wet-cleaning dust-laden gases
US3514924A (en) * 1969-08-20 1970-06-02 Rolf Johan Flebu Dust arrestor

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1841286A (en) * 1930-06-19 1932-01-12 James W Gilmore Air cleaner for carburetors
FR820897A (fr) * 1936-04-21 1937-11-20 Devilbiss Co Procédé et appareil pour l'épuration de l'air
US2339982A (en) * 1941-07-19 1944-01-25 Ind Sheet Metal Works Inc Dust collector
US2321653A (en) * 1941-07-29 1943-06-15 Albin A Carlson Air cleaner
US2459635A (en) * 1945-08-30 1949-01-18 Peters Dalton Inc Gas washer
AU248251A (en) * 1951-05-08 1951-07-12 Standard Telephones And Cables Pty. Limited Phase changer
US2853152A (en) * 1955-02-16 1958-09-23 Dallow Lambert And Company Ltd Apparatus for the removal of solid particles from gases
US3264805A (en) * 1962-11-06 1966-08-09 Buell Ltd Gas scrubbers
GB1032891A (en) * 1963-03-14 1966-06-15 Heat & Air Systems Ltd Paint spray booth
US3385032A (en) * 1964-12-03 1968-05-28 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Apparatus for wet-cleaning dust-laden gases
US3514924A (en) * 1969-08-20 1970-06-02 Rolf Johan Flebu Dust arrestor

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4088717A (en) * 1974-07-26 1978-05-09 GEA Kuhlturmbau und Systemtechnik Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung Cooling tower
US3980458A (en) * 1975-01-11 1976-09-14 Technicair S.A. Apparatus for purifying a gaseous stream
US4290784A (en) * 1977-11-30 1981-09-22 Rawicki Bogdan J Apparatus and method for extracting dust from air
US4439215A (en) * 1977-11-30 1984-03-27 Rawicki Bogdan J Apparatus and method for extracting dust from air
FR2500999A1 (fr) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-10 Barthelemy Jean Support plan profile pour maintenir et positionner les branches ou tiges des vegetaux
US4711294A (en) * 1985-08-14 1987-12-08 Jacobs Alphonse F Temperature and humidity control system
US4822385A (en) * 1987-07-14 1989-04-18 Maysteel Corporation Exhaust cleansing apparatus
GB2240286A (en) * 1988-12-20 1991-07-31 Kelly Meston Gas scrubbing apparatus.
US5076972A (en) * 1990-09-10 1991-12-31 Lu Qiu Jiang Evaporative air conditioner with rotary fan serving as fluid supplier, atomizer and blower
US5292353A (en) * 1991-07-03 1994-03-08 The Delfield Company Air scrubber
US5141538A (en) * 1991-09-23 1992-08-25 Jim Derington Scrubber for grease exhaust duct
US5248858A (en) * 1992-04-08 1993-09-28 Lin Chi Hsiang Automotive muffler and dust catcher assembly
US20090013989A1 (en) * 2007-05-17 2009-01-15 Brown Stephen L Lineal slot ventilator with internal cleaning system and adjustable baffle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2083247A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-10
SE370497B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-21
DE2117158A1 (de) 1971-11-25
CH525022A (fr) 1972-07-15
GB1324766A (en) 1973-07-25
ES389933A1 (es) 1974-02-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3778979A (en) Method of and apparatus for cleaning gases
FI71383C (fi) Foerfarande och anordning foer avlaegsnande av flytande vaetskeformiga foerorenheter i synnerhet olja fraon ytan av stroemmande vatten
US4111809A (en) Device for the removal of a liquid layer on water
US2873816A (en) Gas washing apparatus
US4290784A (en) Apparatus and method for extracting dust from air
US3167413A (en) Apparatus for removing contaminating particles from a gas stream
US3802158A (en) Pollution control apparatus
US3789988A (en) Apparatus for removing surface pollutants from water and other liquids
US4508550A (en) Air flow responsive outlet from tank of vacuum cleaner
US3332214A (en) Method and apparatus for collecting contaminants from gases
US2403545A (en) Dust arrester liquid level control
US3304695A (en) Horizontally disposed centrifugal gas scrubber
WO1993020945A1 (en) Froth wash and froth removal system
US3980458A (en) Apparatus for purifying a gaseous stream
US3616610A (en) Apparatus for separating dust from a gas
GB1304807A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US2795288A (en) Filter apparatus
CN110328057A (zh) 一种浮选设备的泡沫收集装置
US3335551A (en) Device for purifying a gaseous stream
EP0496765A1 (en) Method and apparatus for separation by flotation in a centrifugal field
US2770319A (en) Dust separator
US2604443A (en) Spraying system for sludge separators
US2353548A (en) Air washing apparatus
US2793709A (en) Filter
US2649924A (en) Apparatus for collecting dust