US3777662A - Effect of the shock pressure of explosive charges - Google Patents

Effect of the shock pressure of explosive charges Download PDF

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Publication number
US3777662A
US3777662A US00166013A US3777662DA US3777662A US 3777662 A US3777662 A US 3777662A US 00166013 A US00166013 A US 00166013A US 3777662D A US3777662D A US 3777662DA US 3777662 A US3777662 A US 3777662A
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United States
Prior art keywords
bore
explosive
explosive charge
extending
axially
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00166013A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Lingens
G Martin
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive

Definitions

  • the explosive is provided with cavities, gas or fissures which permit the advance ignition of the explosive.
  • the explosive is cylindrically shaped with a through-axial core.
  • the bore may include explosive or inert baffles.
  • the bore may be provided with a fuzc train of explosives.
  • This invention relates to a process for improving the effect of the shock or percussion pressure of explosive charges, which improvement is attained with the aid of a high velocity flow of large energy density in predetermined cavities, fissures or gaps of the explosive charge or with the aid of a fuze train of explosive wires.
  • explosive charges be provided with a bore to produce gas currents of a high velocity and intrinsic energy during the detonative reaction therein.
  • the velocity of the gas flow can be considerably higher than the detonating velocity of the explosive.
  • German Patent Application P 16 46 348.2 (a counterpart to U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 780,202, filed Nov. 29, 1968, by Gehard Martin) it is possible to ignite explosive charges by means of fuze trains of explosive wires.
  • the effect of the pressure shock of an explosive charge ,on the surroundings depends, first of all, on the magnitude of the detonating pressure at the phase interface between the explosive and the surrounding medium.
  • the detonation velocity of the typical charges and thus the detonating pressure are dependent, in the explosive, on the chemical structure and the density of the explosive, rather than on the fact whether an explosive charge is ignited within short intervals of time at several places.
  • the gas flow of high velocity and energy density required for this purpose can be produced in hollow spaces of any desired cross section (for example, circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, stellular, or portions of these geometric configurations).
  • the cross sections can also be asymmetrical or exhibit irregular boundaries.
  • Thecross sections can vary over the length ordepth of the cavities or gaps, respectively, in a continuous or discontinuous manner.
  • an explosive charge can optionally also be provided with several parallel or antiparallel cavities and- [or gaps of equal or unequal cross sections and lengths.
  • an explosive column consists of two columns, one inserted in the other, the former being solid and the latter hollow, and if an annular air interspace exists between the two columns, an increased effect of the shock pressure outside of the explosive charge is likewise obtained.
  • the increase in the shock pressure is not limited only to the use of annular gaps in the longitudinal direction of explosive charges for the formation of a gas flow of high velocity and energy. Rather, such a flow is also formed in certain explosives in any type and shape of appropriately dimensioned gaps. Also, such an explosive column can consist of several columns, one inserted in the other, with appropriate interspaces.
  • the partitions which subdivide the cavities and/or gaps into chambers of specific lengths can consist of the explosive of which the explosive charge is made, or of another explosive, or of an inert material, e.g. metal, synthetic resin, ceramic.
  • the thickness of the partitions can be varied within a wide range.
  • the partitions must be adapted to the chamber lengths and the dimensions of the explosive charge.
  • the fuze trains consist of alternating pieces of a thick wire and a thin wire of the same or different length. upon ignition of the train, the thin wire sections undergo an explosive conversion. The surrounding explosive is detonated. By the aforementioned construction of the train, a simultaneous and uniform initiation of the explosive or of the primer charge is ensured over the entire length of the train.
  • the ignition can take place linearly, annularly, in a surface area, or in spatial extension.
  • reaction can be accelerated by gas flow in predetermined cavities and/or gaps or by a fuze train of exploding wires.
  • the bores are preferably subdivided by partitions into chambers of the required length.
  • An increase in the shock pressure is also obtained in explosive lenses similar to the optical lenses, and in explosive charges of a specific shape for the production of directional shock waves, by the introduction of the aforementioned cavities and/or gaps subdivided into chambers, or by the use of a fuze train of explosive wires.
  • These charges are produced, for example, by sintering in accordance with German Pat. Application P 16 46 2832., a counterpart of U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 759,501, filed Sept. 12, 1968, by Adolf Berthmann et al.
  • the magnitude of the shock pressure can be influenced with respect to its spatial distribution in explosive charges by the introduction of cavities and/or gaps subdivided into chambers or by the use of a fuze train of exploding wires in specific arrangements and directions.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross section of one embodiment of an explosive charge according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section of a second embodiment of an explosive charge according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section of a further embodiment of an explosive charge according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of an explosive charge according to the present invention.
  • cylindrical explosive charge 1 is shown having bore 3 subdivided into chambers by partitions or baffles 4 which can consist of an explosive or of an inert material. Explosive charge 1 is detonated by means of initiator charge 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows explosive charge 12 consisting of individual cylindrical bodies 2 separated from one another by fissures or gaps 7.
  • Central bore 3 extends through the entire explosive charge.
  • gaps 7 and/or bore 3 can be subdivided into individual chambers, eg as illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • primer rod 10 containing fuze train 6 of exploding wires
  • the primer rod can furthermore have a casing 11, e.g. sheet metal, cardboard, or a synthetic resin, which casing is provided for the protection of primer rod 10, for example, for storing the primer rod or for separating the explosive of the primer rod from explosive charge 1 in the event of incompatibility between the explosives.
  • casing e.g. sheet metal, cardboard, or a synthetic resin, which casing is provided for the protection of primer rod 10, for example, for storing the primer rod or for separating the explosive of the primer rod from explosive charge 1 in the event of incompatibility between the explosives.
  • explosive charge 1 can be provided with gaps and/or cavities.
  • an explosive charge is illustrated consisting of cylindrical explosive charge 8 around which hollow cylindrical explosive charge 9 is arranged, so that gap 12 remains between both charges.
  • Cylindrical explosive columns (such as denoted by numerals 1 or 12 of the drawing) without casing were employed, lest, during the blasting, the pressure gauges and the diaphragms be damaged by the fragments of the casing. Explosive columns having a small amount and a large amount of explosive were selected.
  • the explosive columns were composed of six individual cylindrical bodies (like numetal 2 of FIG. 2) with a 10 mm. in diameter bore, e.g. numeral 3 of sintered TNT (density: 1.2 g/cm, detonating velocity: 5,200 m/sec.) with an outer diameter of 30 mm. and a length of 66 mm., combined to a total length of about 400 mm.
  • sintered TNT density: 1.2 g/cm, detonating velocity: 5,200 m/sec.
  • the weight of the explosive was approximately 420 g.
  • Each of the explosive columns was mounted horizontally at a height of 1,000 mm. above ground and ignited from one side by means of a blasting cap No.
  • EXAMPLE 1 The explosive column included a continuous bore without subdivision into chambers. Upon detonation, diaphragm 1 bulged 11.1 mm. and diaphragm 2, 11.2
  • EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE 3 i
  • the bore of the explosive column was subdivided into four chambers of a length of mm. by partitions of a thickness of 18 mm. made of explosive. The result was a 14.7 mm. bulge in diaphragm 1 and a 14.8 mm. bulge in diaphragm 2.
  • EXAMPLE 4 An explosive column with a subdivision of the bore into five chambers of a length of 60 mm. by partitions of a thickness of 18 mm. made of explosive. The shock wave caused diaphragm l to bulge 14.2 mm. and diaphragm 1, 13.9 mm.
  • EXAMPLE 5 In this example, an unsubdivided axial bore of the explosive column was filled with an explosive.
  • the column was detonated, in one instance, by means of a blasting cap Alu No. 8 and, in the other instance, by an inserted fuze train of explosive wires.
  • diaphragm 1 exhibited a bulge of 11.8 mm. and diaphragm 2, a bulge of 12.1 mm.
  • diaphragms 1 and 2 had a 15.3 mm. and 15.6 mm. bulge, respectively.
  • Examples 6-9 explosive columns having bores (designated by numeral 3) of a size of 10 mm. without casing, with a length of about 1 mm., composed of respectively seven cylindrical bodies (numeral 2) of a diameter of 80 mm. and a length of mm. were fired in the horizontal position 2,000 mm. above ground.
  • the columns consisted of sintered bodies of the explosive TNT (density 1.2 g./cm detonation velocity 5,000 m./sec.) and of TNT microgranules (mixture ratio TNTzmicrogranules 96:4; density 0.96 g./cm detonating velocity 4,500 m./sec.) (See, in this connection, German Pat.
  • EXAMPLE 7 An explosive column of sintered was employed with subdivision of the bore into ten chambers of a 1 length of 80 mm. by partitions of a thickness of 18 mm., made of explosive; weight of the explosive about 6,000 g. Diaphragms 1 and 2 exhibited bulges of 18.9 mm. and 18.6 mm., respectively.
  • EXAMPLE 8 The explosive column of sintered TNT microgranules included a continuous bore subdivided into ten chambers of a length of 80 mm. by partitions of a thickness of 18 mm., made of explosive; weight of the explosive about 4,800 g.
  • the detonation wave created an 18.4 mm. bulge in diaphragm l and an 18.3 mm. bulge in diaphragm 2.
  • An explosive device comprising an explosive charge, and means for improving the shock pressure effect of said explosive charge, said means including an axially extending bore within said explosive charge, and baffle meansof an inert material filling the cross section of the bore at at least one point therealong, said bore being open along those portions thereof not filled by said baffle means.
  • said means further comprises a plurality of cavities, gaps or fissures extending between said axiallyextending bore and an outer surface of said explosive charge.
  • An explosive device comprising an explosive charge, and means for improving the shock pressure effect of said explosive charge, said means including an axially extending bore within said explosive charge, and a plurality of cavities, gaps or fissures extending between said axially-extending bore and an outer surface of said explosive charge, said bore and said cavities, gaps or fissures being unlined.
  • said means further include baffle means filling the cross section of said bore and spaced from one another along said bore, said bore being open along those portions not filled by said baffle means.
  • An explosive device comprising an explosive charge, and means for improving the shock pressure effect of said explosive charge, said means including an axially-extending bore within said explosive charge,
  • ignition means including a fuse train consisting of explosive wires disposed within said bore along the axial extent thereof, said explosive wires consisting of alternate thin and thick portions.
  • An explosive device according to claim 6, further comprising a casing surrounding said fuse train within said bore.
  • a process for improving the shock pressure effect of an explosive charge comprising the steps of forming an axially-extending bore within the explosive charge, disposing a baffle member of an inert material at at least one point along the bore such that the baffle member fills the cross section of the bore, and maintaining the bore along the portions thereof not filled by the baffle member open, whereby upon ignition of the explosive charge an improved shock pressure effect is provided.
  • baffle members of inert material are disposed at spaced points within the bore such that each of the baffle members fills the cross section of the bore, the baffle members being spaced from one another along the bore.
  • a process according to claim 8 further comprising the step of forming a plurality of cavities, gaps or fissures extending between the axially-extending bore and an outer surface of the explosive charge.
  • a process for improving the shock pressure effect of an explosive charge comprising the steps of forming an axially extending unlined bore within the explosive charge, and forming a plurality of unlined cavities, gaps or fissures extending between the axially-extending bore and an outer surface of the explosive charge whereby upon ignition of the explosive charge an improved shock pressure effect is provided.
  • a process for improving the shock pressure effect of an explosive charge comprising the steps of forming an axially extending bore within the explosive charge and disposing an ignition means in the form of a fuse train consisting of exploding wires having alternate thick and thin portions along the bore whereby upon ignition of the explosive charge by the ignition means an improved shock pressure effect is provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
US00166013A 1970-07-24 1971-07-26 Effect of the shock pressure of explosive charges Expired - Lifetime US3777662A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702036726 DE2036726A1 (de) 1970-07-24 1970-07-24 Verbesserte Wirkung des Druckstoßes von Sprengkörpern

Publications (1)

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US3777662A true US3777662A (en) 1973-12-11

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US (1) US3777662A (fr)
BE (1) BE770335A (fr)
DE (1) DE2036726A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2103285A5 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080068122A1 (en) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-20 Hubbell Incorporated Arrester Disconnector Assembly Minimizing Explosive Separation
US20090109592A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Cooper Technologies Company Fire safe arrester isolator
US8127682B1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2012-03-06 John Sonday Cast booster using novel explosive core

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1406844A (en) * 1921-03-25 1922-02-14 George E Gelm Torpedo for blasting purposes
US2622528A (en) * 1945-04-07 1952-12-23 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Explosive cartridge
US2697399A (en) * 1950-07-11 1954-12-21 Du Pont Oil well blasting
US3457859A (en) * 1967-11-24 1969-07-29 Hercules Inc Method and system for initiating explosive composition

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1406844A (en) * 1921-03-25 1922-02-14 George E Gelm Torpedo for blasting purposes
US2622528A (en) * 1945-04-07 1952-12-23 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Explosive cartridge
US2697399A (en) * 1950-07-11 1954-12-21 Du Pont Oil well blasting
US3457859A (en) * 1967-11-24 1969-07-29 Hercules Inc Method and system for initiating explosive composition

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8127682B1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2012-03-06 John Sonday Cast booster using novel explosive core
US20080068122A1 (en) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-20 Hubbell Incorporated Arrester Disconnector Assembly Minimizing Explosive Separation
WO2008033222A2 (fr) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-20 Hubbell Incorporated Ensemble déclencheur d'arrêt réduisant au minimum une séparation explosive
WO2008033222A3 (fr) * 2006-09-15 2008-06-26 Hubbell Inc Ensemble déclencheur d'arrêt réduisant au minimum une séparation explosive
US20090109592A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Cooper Technologies Company Fire safe arrester isolator
US7675728B2 (en) 2007-10-26 2010-03-09 Cooper Technologies Company Fire safe arrester isolator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2103285A5 (fr) 1972-04-07
BE770335A (fr) 1971-12-01
DE2036726A1 (de) 1972-01-27

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