US3774315A - Process and apparatus for cooling hot briquettes - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for cooling hot briquettes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3774315A
US3774315A US00237813A US3774315DA US3774315A US 3774315 A US3774315 A US 3774315A US 00237813 A US00237813 A US 00237813A US 3774315D A US3774315D A US 3774315DA US 3774315 A US3774315 A US 3774315A
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United States
Prior art keywords
briquettes
hot
shaft
gases
temperature
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00237813A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Schmalfeld
H Hahn
J Lehmann
K Kleisa
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GEA Group AG
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Metallgesellschaft AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
    • C10B39/02—Dry cooling outside the oven
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/26—After-treatment of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/30—Cooling the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes

Definitions

  • PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR COOLING HOT BRIQUETTES BACKGROUND This invention relates to process and apparatus for cooling hot briquettes made from fine-grained coke and fine caking coal at a temperature in the range of 400550C., by means of an inert gas in a shaft through which the briquettes travel continuously under the action of gravity.
  • the hot briquettes produced in this manner still contain 0.2-0.6 percent by weight of tar but burn virtually without smoke. Owing to this property, the hot briquettes may be used without subsequent coking as domestic fuel which burns withouta formation of soot, and also as reducing coke in a blast furnace. Investigations have shown that the hot briquettes must be subjected to different treatments, depending on the nature and caking capacity of the coal employed and on the properties of the hot coke, particularly the porosity thereof, if hot briquettes are to be obtained which have an optimum crushing strength and abrasionresistance and a minimum tar content and which meet'the essential requirements for reducing coke in blast furnace processes.
  • DOS 1,915,905 discloses a processin which the hot briquettes must be kept at or below the pressing temperature for a predetermined time, which depends on said temperature. A relatively long aftertreatment of at least 30 minutes is required.
  • the hot briquettes are preferably treated intermittently in two shafts, which are filled in alternation. After the treatment for the predetermined time, the hot briquettes are cooled quickly.
  • I-lot briquettes are preferably made by'pressing caking hard coal with an addition of non-softening solids, particularly fine-grained coke, in the plastic range of the hard coal at temperatures between 400 and 540C.
  • the coke is heated to such a high temperature that the mixture of coke and of the caking coal, which has been predried and, if desired, preheated, assumes a mixed temperature in the range of 400 to 540C. and the mixture is charged at this temperature to the briquetting press.
  • the ratio of coke to caking coal varies in wide ranges, in dependence on the nature and the caking capacity of the hard coal which is usedandmainly on the porosity and the strength of the hot coke. Ratios of 6075 percent by weight of coke to 40-25 percent by weight of caking coal are usual.
  • the mixed temperature is preferably maintained in the'range between 440 and 520C. and particularly between 460 and 480C.
  • the invention combines the effective cooling with a thermal aftertreatment of the still hot briquettes.
  • the rate of the inert gas which flows countercurrent to the hot briquette charge to cool the same is reduced in the upper half of the shaft, preferably at a point between one-half of the height of the shaft kiln and the upper one-third thereof.
  • the partial stream which is laterally withdrawn from the upper half of the shaft and the residual stream which is withdrawn from the top of the shaft cooler are jointly subjected to dust collection and cooling and returned to the discharge end of the shaft cooler, where they are reintroduced into the charge.
  • the cooled recirculated gas for precooling the hot briquettes may be at a temperature between 30 and 200C. as it enters the shaft cooler. Where steam is used, the same should have a temperature above 100C. whereas lower temperatures may be adopted where, e.g., flue gases are employed.
  • the cold inert gases which are introduced are heated as they rise through the descending briquette charge, which is cooled at the same time.
  • the inert gas has passed through about two thirds of the charge in the shaft, part of the inert is branched off and laterally withdrawn from the shaft cooler.
  • hot inert gas which is at a temperature which is 50-l00C. above the briquetting temperature is introduced into the shaft cooler above the lateral branch for laterally withdrawing the partial stream. This introduction of hot gas raises the temperature of the hot briquettes by 25 to C.
  • the residence time of the hot briquettes in this heating-zone is generally 10-20 minutes whereas the residence time in the cooling zone is 20-40 minutes.
  • the gases to be recirculated are withdrawn at the end where the hot briquettes are charged and together with the partial stream withdrawn from the lower part are subjected to' dust collection, subsequently cooled, and reintroduced into the lower part of the shaft cooler.
  • the hot briquettes leaving the shaft cooler may be quickly aftercooled to eliminate the risk of selfignition.
  • This aftercooling may be accomplished in various ways, including, for instance, by an aftertreatment with water, which may be sprayed, or in dip basins, as well as by a cooling with air alone.
  • the hot mixture is pressed in a double-roll press 1 and in the form of hot briquettes enters a shaft cooler 2.
  • the hot briquettes made in the double-roll press 1 are first carried by a horizontal conveyor 3 and are subsequently raised, e.g., by means of a vertical elevator 4, to the level of a feed chute S, from which they flow to the shaft cooler 2.
  • the chute 5 is suitably provided with a grate or screen 6, through which fines abraded from the briquettes and any undersize briquettes are discharged.
  • the hot briquettes travel as a packed charge through the shaft cooler 2 from top to bottom.
  • a discharge valve 7 is controlled so that the shaft cooler is always filled up to the distributing chutes 8.
  • the briquettes are slowly cooled or heat-treated whereas they are progressively cooled in a lower part 10.
  • the cooling is accomplished by circulating gases, which at a temperature of 30200C., e.g., of 130C. enter through the conduit 11 into the lower part of the shaft cooler and flow through the same from bottom to top. They cool the hot briquettes and heat themselves almost to the temperature of, e.g, 500C., at which the hot briquettes enter the lower part.
  • gases which at a temperature of 30200C., e.g., of 130C. enter through the conduit 11 into the lower part of the shaft cooler and flow through the same from bottom to top. They cool the hot briquettes and heat themselves almost to the temperature of, e.g, 500C., at which the hot briquettes enter the lower part.
  • the lower part and upper part 9 of the shaft cooler are separated by cells 13, which are regularly spaced apart by spaces 12, through which the hot briquettes descend.
  • the inert gas flows preferentially through the empty cells 13, in which a partial stream is branched off and is laterally withdrawn through 14.
  • Heated gases such as flue gases at a temperature of, e.g., 900C, may be supplied from a conduit 23 through inlets 21 disposed above withdrawing means 14 and are mixed with the remaining stream of the cooling gas to assume a mixed temperature which is about 50l00C. above the briquetting temperature, e.g., at 550C, and subsequently flow through outlet openings 15, preferably in the form of slots, from the several cells 13 into the upper part 9 of the shaft cooler.
  • the gases heat the hot briquettes in the upper portion 9 to a temperature which is about '75C. above the temperature at which hot briquettes enter the shaft cooler, e.g., to a temperature of 530C. This result in a transformation of the coke structure formed by the caking coal so that the strength of the briquette structure is increased.
  • Surplus gas is discharged from the cycle through a conduit 20.
  • the cooler 18 may consist of a waste heat boiler for a generation of steam, or of a water-evaporating spray cooler or an indirect air or water cooler.
  • the process according to the invention and the apparatus for carrying out the process afford the advantage that the optimum conditions for the aftertreatment of hot briquettes can be adjusted in each case.
  • the temperature profile of the cooling operation may be so designed, depending on the properties of the caking coal, its mixing ratio to the hot coke, and the temperature at which the hot briquettes have been pressed, that briquettes having an optimum crushing strength and abrasion resistance are obtained.
  • the temperature profile of the cooling operation can be adjusted to match any property of the hot briquettes.
  • Process for heat treating and cooling hot briquettes made from fine-grained coke and fine caking coal at a temperature of 400550C. which comprises continuously passing a packed layer of said hot briquettes under the action of gravity through a shaft zone, feeding into the lower part of the shaft zone countercurrent to the briquettes a cold inert gas stream, withdrawing a partial stream laterally from said inert gas stream in a cross-section of the upper half of the shaft zone, and introducing hot flue gas above the cross-section where said partial stream is withdrawn to produce a mixture of gases having a temperature higher than the temperature of said hot briquettes.
  • Apparatus for heat treating and cooling hot briquettes which comprises shaft cooler means having means for feeding hot briquettes to the top thereof, means for feeding inert cooling gases to the bottom thereof, a plurality of cells having gas permeable top means positioned in said shaft cooler between the upper and lower portions thereof, each of said cells having gas outlet means for laterally withdrawing a partial stream of said cooling gases and, above said outlet means, gas inlet means for introducing hot flue gas into said shaft cooler means, said shaft cooler means having means for discharging gases at the top thereof.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
US00237813A 1971-04-01 1972-03-24 Process and apparatus for cooling hot briquettes Expired - Lifetime US3774315A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712115838 DE2115838B2 (de) 1971-04-01 1971-04-01 Verfahren zur thermischen nachbehandlung von heissbriketts

Publications (1)

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US3774315A true US3774315A (en) 1973-11-27

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ID=5803540

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US00237813A Expired - Lifetime US3774315A (en) 1971-04-01 1972-03-24 Process and apparatus for cooling hot briquettes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3774315A (enExample)
AU (1) AU458288B2 (enExample)
CA (1) CA963421A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2115838B2 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2132252A1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1374672A (enExample)
IT (1) IT950899B (enExample)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895448A (en) * 1973-12-19 1975-07-22 Koppers Co Inc Dry coke cooler
US3953928A (en) * 1975-04-25 1976-05-04 Great Lakes Carbon Corporation Cooling of hot particulate material particularly calcined petroleum coke
US3959084A (en) * 1974-09-25 1976-05-25 Dravo Corporation Process for cooling of coke
JPS51151844A (en) * 1975-06-13 1976-12-27 Waagner Biro Ag Manner and apparatus for cooling high temperature masses
US4141795A (en) * 1976-07-06 1979-02-27 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Dry type method for quenching coke
WO1980002148A1 (en) * 1979-04-04 1980-10-16 Envirotech Corp Dry coke quenching and pollution control
US4328072A (en) * 1978-12-09 1982-05-04 Dr. C. Otto & Comp. G.M.B.H. Method to dry quench coke
US4407699A (en) * 1980-11-28 1983-10-04 Didier Engineering Gmbh Process and apparatus for the dry cooling of coke
US5368874A (en) * 1991-11-27 1994-11-29 Schouten Group N.V. Method for manufacturing intermediate products for preparation of animal feeds
WO1996007860A1 (en) * 1994-09-08 1996-03-14 Westelaken C Particulate dryer
US20100083582A1 (en) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-08 Tran Tuan A structure to be attached to a window frame
US20180340240A1 (en) * 2017-05-26 2018-11-29 Novelis Inc. System and method for briquetting cyclone dust from decoating systems

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3261109A (en) * 1963-11-26 1966-07-19 Buckau Wolf Maschf R Apparatus for drying and cooling particulated material
US3302297A (en) * 1964-09-09 1967-02-07 Douglas L Graham Drying apparatus and method
US3331754A (en) * 1963-06-07 1967-07-18 Mansfield Vaughn Coke quenching system and method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3331754A (en) * 1963-06-07 1967-07-18 Mansfield Vaughn Coke quenching system and method
US3261109A (en) * 1963-11-26 1966-07-19 Buckau Wolf Maschf R Apparatus for drying and cooling particulated material
US3302297A (en) * 1964-09-09 1967-02-07 Douglas L Graham Drying apparatus and method

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895448A (en) * 1973-12-19 1975-07-22 Koppers Co Inc Dry coke cooler
US3959084A (en) * 1974-09-25 1976-05-25 Dravo Corporation Process for cooling of coke
US3953928A (en) * 1975-04-25 1976-05-04 Great Lakes Carbon Corporation Cooling of hot particulate material particularly calcined petroleum coke
JPS51151844A (en) * 1975-06-13 1976-12-27 Waagner Biro Ag Manner and apparatus for cooling high temperature masses
US4141795A (en) * 1976-07-06 1979-02-27 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Dry type method for quenching coke
US4328072A (en) * 1978-12-09 1982-05-04 Dr. C. Otto & Comp. G.M.B.H. Method to dry quench coke
US4248671A (en) * 1979-04-04 1981-02-03 Envirotech Corporation Dry coke quenching and pollution control
WO1980002148A1 (en) * 1979-04-04 1980-10-16 Envirotech Corp Dry coke quenching and pollution control
US4407699A (en) * 1980-11-28 1983-10-04 Didier Engineering Gmbh Process and apparatus for the dry cooling of coke
US5368874A (en) * 1991-11-27 1994-11-29 Schouten Group N.V. Method for manufacturing intermediate products for preparation of animal feeds
WO1996007860A1 (en) * 1994-09-08 1996-03-14 Westelaken C Particulate dryer
US20100083582A1 (en) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-08 Tran Tuan A structure to be attached to a window frame
US20180340240A1 (en) * 2017-05-26 2018-11-29 Novelis Inc. System and method for briquetting cyclone dust from decoating systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT950899B (it) 1973-06-20
FR2132252A1 (enExample) 1972-11-17
GB1374672A (en) 1974-11-20
DE2115838A1 (de) 1972-10-12
CA963421A (en) 1975-02-25
DE2115838B2 (de) 1978-01-12
AU4026272A (en) 1973-09-27
AU458288B2 (en) 1975-02-05

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