US3767448A - Photographic process - Google Patents
Photographic process Download PDFInfo
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- US3767448A US3767448A US00203014A US3767448DA US3767448A US 3767448 A US3767448 A US 3767448A US 00203014 A US00203014 A US 00203014A US 3767448D A US3767448D A US 3767448DA US 3767448 A US3767448 A US 3767448A
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- Prior art keywords
- gelatin
- gelatin solution
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- aqueous
- solution
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/95—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers rendered opaque or writable, e.g. with inert particulate additives
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/151—Matting or other surface reflectivity altering material
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A photographic element having improved matting properties is prepared by deionizing or deashing an aqueous gelatin solution containing at least about 5 deashing can be effected by washing the gelatin solution with an aqueous acid solution.
- matting agents are also known in photographic materials which'do not contain free carboxyl groups.
- Such matting agents include, for example, polyme thylmethacrylate particles as describedin U.S. Pat. No. 3,411,907 of Whitrnore and Coryell issued-Nov. 19, 1968.
- Various other matting agents are described in British Pat. No. 837,529 published-Jun. 15, 1960.
- photographic materials having improved matting agent properties containing a matting agent which comprises a polymer containing free carboxyl groups, can be provided by deionizing or deashing an aqueous gelatin solution, containing more than about 5 percent gelatin, before adding the described matting agent to the gelatin solution.
- Deionizing can be carried out as described in British Pat. No. 528,850 published Nov. 8, 1940.
- Deashing of the gelatin solution can be carried out as described in Example '1 of U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,213 of Gates et al issued Jul. 11, I961.
- matting agents are the alkali soluble polymeric esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid as exemplified by copolymethylmethacrylate methacrylic acid (52 percent methacrylic acid). Such matting agents are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,391,181 and U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,101. Particularly suitable matting agents are alkali soluble glkylacrylate-acrylic acid copolymers whereon the acrylic acid monomer may be substituted by an alkyl group, e.g. methacrylic acid. I
- the process of the invention is especially suitable when employing gelatin solutions containing a high concentration of gelatin such as, at least about 5 percent by weight gelatin, typically at least about 8 percent to about 20 percent by weight gelatin.
- the described matting agent particles or beads are added to the aqueous gelatin solution in a range of concentration which is typically about 0.5 percent to about 15 percent by weight of the described gelatin solution.
- the process, as described, is particularly advantageous when the described polymeric particles or beads are added to the gelatin solution in a concentration of at least 5 percent by weight of the gelatin solution.
- the problem of this dissolution of the described polymeric particles or beads is especially noticeable above this concentration.
- the gelatin solution is preferably treated with an ion-exchange resin such as an anionic resin available under the trade name AMBERLITE IRA-900 from the Rohm and Haas Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
- an ion-exchange resin such as an anionic resin available under the trade name AMBERLITE IRA-900 from the Rohm and Haas Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
- a cationic resin sold under the trade name AMBERLITE 200 is also suitable. This cationic resin is available under this trade name from Rohm and Haas Company of Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.A.
- These ionexchange resins are known in the photographic art and available commercially.
- the described deashing procedure can be carried out by treating the gelatin with an acid solution such as an aqueous acetic acid solution.
- an acid solution such as an aqueous acetic acid solution.
- Such acid treatments and deashing procedures have been employed for preparing gelatin for photographic subbing as described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,213 of Gates et al issued Jul. 11, 1961.
- gelatin can be treated by leaching in an aqueous alkaline solution such as an aqueous ammonia or alkali metal hydroxide or alkali metal carbonate solution for a time such as l to 6 hours at a pH of 8 to 9.5 and at a temperature of about 15 to 20 C. After this alkaline treatment it can be subjected to washing with an aqueous acetic acid solution to remove undesired lOI'lS.
- gelatins can be employed in the process of the invention.
- Gelatin for photographic purposes and the process of the invention is described, for example, in the Theory of the Photographic Process edited by Mess and James, 3rd Edition, 1966, pages 45-54.
- the particles of matting agent in the gelatin composition can be incorporated in l or more layers of the photographic element.
- the gelatin composition containing the described matting agent can be in the photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer and/or a layer contiguous thereto.
- Various methods can be employed for dispersing the particles in the layer or layers.
- a gelatin layer or layer of other silver halide binding agent containing the described particles of matting agents can be coated as a protective layer over a silver halide emulsion layer and/or as a backing layer on a suitable support.
- Photographic elements prepared according to the process of the invention containing the described matting agents in a protective layer which is outer most from the support exhibit good resistance to abrasion.
- the coverage of the described matting agents on a support for a photographic element is subject to variation depending on the desired degree of matting properties, processing conditions and the like.
- Typical coverage of the polymeric matting agents is about 0.75 milligrams to about 5 milligrams of polymeric particles or beads per square decimeter of support.
- Typical supports are those employed in the photographic art. Typical supports are film, paper, glass or the like.
- binding agents include synthetic materials and natural resins as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,411,907 of Whitmore and Coryell issued Nov. 19, 1968.
- This invention may be used with elements designed for color materials, for example, elements containing color-forming couples such as those described in Graham U.S. Pat. 3,227,554; Vittum et al. U.S. Pat. 2,360,290 or elements to be developed in solutions containing color-forming couples such as described in Mannes et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,252,718.
- Photographic materials prepared according to the process of the invention can contain additional addenda which do not adversely affect the matting properties of the described matting agents.
- additional addenda which do not adversely affect the matting properties of the described matting agents.
- These include, for example, various photosensitive silver halide emulsions, chemical sensitizers for such emulsions, development modifiers, antifoggants, stabilizers, developing agents, hardeners, plasticizers, coating agents, brighteners, spectral sensitizing dyes, absorbing and filter dyes, and the like as described, for example, in Dunn U.S. Pat. No. 3,297,446 issued Jan. 10, 1967 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,411,907 of Whitmore and Coryell issued Nov. 19, 1968.
- Example 1 A. Into an aqueous 8 percent by weight bone gelatin solution are dispersed copolymethylmethacrylatemethacrylic acid beads which have an average diameter of 3 microns. To the solution are added appropi'iate spreading and hardening agents. The solution is then coated on a film support at the rate of 9.79 mg of gelatin/dm and 1.6 mg of polymethacrylate beads/dm'.
- Example 1 A, B and C indicate that the product of 1B and 1C contains a significantly higher concentration of matting agent particles or beads than the product produced by process 1A.
- the product of process A receives a rating of l and the products of B and C receive a rating of 5.
- Example 2 Three separate coatings are prepared as described in Example 1A, B and C, except pig gelatin is employed in place of bone gelatin.
- Example 2A, B and C are similar to those of Example 1A, B and C.
- the product of Example 2A receives a rating of 2 and the products of 2B and 2C receive a rating of 5.
- Example 3 The procedure in Example 13 and 1C is repeated with the exception that the described gelatin solution containing the polymeric particles is coated on a photosensitive silver bromoiodide gelatino emulsion layer on a film support. A photographic element having good matting properties is produced.
- a gelatino composition comprising a matting agent which comprises discrete particles of a polymer containing enough free carboxyl groups to cause said polymer to dissolve in an aqueous gelatin solution containing at least 5% by weight gelatin when said particles are blended with said aqueous gelatin solution;
- the improvement which comprises deionizing or deashing said aqueous gelatin solution before adding said particles of said polymer.
- said matting agent is an alkyl acrylate polymer containing free carboxyl groups.
- said matting agent is copoly (methyl methacrylate methacrylic acid).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
A photographic element having improved matting properties is prepared by deionizing or deashing an aqueous gelatin solution containing at least about 5 percent by weight gelatin and then adding a matting agent which comprises discrete particles of a polymer containing free carboxyl groups to the resulting aqueous gelatin solution. The resulting gelatin solution containing the matting agent can be employed with other addenda employed in photographic materials. Deionizing can be carried out by passing the aqueous gelatin solution through an ion-exchange resin or deashing can be effected by washing the gelatin solution with an aqueous acid solution.
Description
[111 3,767,448 Oct. 23, 1973 1' PHOTOGRAPHICVYPROCESS 75 lnventor: Philip F. Hutton, l-lilton, N'.Y.'
[73] Assignee: Eastman Kodak Company,
Rochester, NY.
[22] Filed: 7 Nov. 29, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 203,014
[52] U.S. Cl. 117/34, 96/87 R, 106/135,
117/16,117/29, 117/164, 260/117, 260/118 [51] int. Cl. B4411 l/094, G03c H32 [58] Field of Search 117/34, 164; 976/87 R, 114.7; 106/135; 260/117, 118
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,687,703 8/1972 Ohashi et al 117/34 3,370,951 2/1968 Hasenauch et a1 96/87 R 2,322,037 6/1943 Linquist 96/114.7 2,992,213 7/1961 Gates et a1 96/87 R 2,391,181 12/1945 Minsk et al. 96/87 R 3,411,907 11/1968 Whitmore 913/87 R FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 528,850 ll/l940 Great Britain 96187 R 837,529 6/1960 Great Britain 96/87 R I Primary Examiner-William D. Martin Assistant Examinerwilliam' R. Trenor AttorneyRobert W. Hampton et al.
[57] ABSTRACT A photographic element having improved matting properties is prepared by deionizing or deashing an aqueous gelatin solution containing at least about 5 deashing can be effected by washing the gelatin solution with an aqueous acid solution.
7 Claims, No Drawings I 1 I PI-IOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS BACKGROUNDO FT HE INVENTION This invention relates to preparation of photographic materials containingmatting agents. It also relates to photographic materials containing the .described'matting agents in gelatin compositions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE ART It is known to employ matting agents such as copoly-methylmethacrylate methacrylic acid beads in photographic materials. Photographic materials containing such matting "agentsare described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,322,037 of Lindquist issued Jun. 15, 1943; Such polymers have also been employed for other purposes in photographic materials such' as described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,101 of .lelley et a1, issued Jul. 11,1961. I
Various matting agents are also known in photographic materials which'do not contain free carboxyl groups. Such matting agents include, for example, polyme thylmethacrylate particles as describedin U.S. Pat. No. 3,411,907 of Whitrnore and Coryell issued-Nov. 19, 1968. Various other matting agents are described in British Pat. No. 837,529 published-Jun. 15, 1960.
. In the preparation of photographic materials contain-v containing at least about 5 percent by weight gelatin, preferably at least about 8 percent to about percent by weight gelatin, and coating the resulting composition on the support, the improvement comprising deing matting agents in gelatin wherein the matting agents I are polymers containing free carboxyl groups, a problem has been encountered which involves the tendency of the matting agent to dissolve during preparation of the materials for coating on a suitable support. This problem is especially troublesome when matting agent particles comprising copolymethylmethacrylate methacrylic acid are added to an aqueous solution containing more than about 4 percent gelatin and, in particular, a solution containing more than about 8 percent by'weight gelatin. Processes up to this point have resulted in less than the desired matting properties in SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has been found according to the invention that photographic materials having improved matting agent properties, containing a matting agent which comprises a polymer containing free carboxyl groups, can be provided by deionizing or deashing an aqueous gelatin solution, containing more than about 5 percent gelatin, before adding the described matting agent to the gelatin solution. Deionizing can be carried out as described in British Pat. No. 528,850 published Nov. 8, 1940. Deashing of the gelatin solution can be carried out as described in Example '1 of U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,213 of Gates et al issued Jul. 11, I961.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION by adding the matting agent to an aqueous solution ionizing or deashing the aqueous gelatin solution before adding the matting agent. While the mechanism by which improved matting properties is provided according to this process is not completely understood, it is believed that the dissolution of the polymeric particles, also known as beads, is caused by the presence of calcium ions. It is believed that the deionizing or deashing procedure provides removal of the calcium ions from the gelatin thereby helping to prevent dissolution of the polymeric particles.
While the process of the invention is applicable to a range of matting agents, preferred matting agents are the alkali soluble polymeric esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid as exemplified by copolymethylmethacrylate methacrylic acid (52 percent methacrylic acid). Such matting agents are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,391,181 and U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,101. Particularly suitable matting agents are alkali soluble glkylacrylate-acrylic acid copolymers whereon the acrylic acid monomer may be substituted by an alkyl group, e.g. methacrylic acid. I
The process of the invention is especially suitable when employing gelatin solutions containing a high concentration of gelatin such as, at least about 5 percent by weight gelatin, typically at least about 8 percent to about 20 percent by weight gelatin.
The described matting agent particles or beads are added to the aqueous gelatin solution in a range of concentration which is typically about 0.5 percent to about 15 percent by weight of the described gelatin solution.
The process, as described, is particularly advantageous when the described polymeric particles or beads are added to the gelatin solution in a concentration of at least 5 percent by weight of the gelatin solution. The problem of this dissolution of the described polymeric particles or beads is especially noticeable above this concentration.
A range of deionizing procedures can be employed, however, the gelatin solution is preferably treated with an ion-exchange resin such as an anionic resin available under the trade name AMBERLITE IRA-900 from the Rohm and Haas Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. A cationic resin sold under the trade name AMBERLITE 200 is also suitable. This cationic resin is available under this trade name from Rohm and Haas Company of Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.A. These ionexchange resins are known in the photographic art and available commercially.
The described deashing procedure can be carried out by treating the gelatin with an acid solution such as an aqueous acetic acid solution. Such acid treatments and deashing procedures have been employed for preparing gelatin for photographic subbing as described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,213 of Gates et al issued Jul. 11, 1961. For example, gelatin can be treated by leaching in an aqueous alkaline solution such as an aqueous ammonia or alkali metal hydroxide or alkali metal carbonate solution for a time such as l to 6 hours at a pH of 8 to 9.5 and at a temperature of about 15 to 20 C. After this alkaline treatment it can be subjected to washing with an aqueous acetic acid solution to remove undesired lOI'lS.
Various gelatins can be employed in the process of the invention. Gelatin for photographic purposes and the process of the invention is described, for example, in the Theory of the Photographic Process edited by Mess and James, 3rd Edition, 1966, pages 45-54.
The particles of matting agent in the gelatin composition can be incorporated in l or more layers of the photographic element. The gelatin composition containing the described matting agent can be in the photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer and/or a layer contiguous thereto. Various methods can be employed for dispersing the particles in the layer or layers. A gelatin layer or layer of other silver halide binding agent containing the described particles of matting agents can be coated as a protective layer over a silver halide emulsion layer and/or as a backing layer on a suitable support.
Photographic elements prepared according to the process of the invention containing the described matting agents in a protective layer which is outer most from the support exhibit good resistance to abrasion.
The coverage of the described matting agents on a support for a photographic element is subject to variation depending on the desired degree of matting properties, processing conditions and the like. Typical coverage of the polymeric matting agents is about 0.75 milligrams to about 5 milligrams of polymeric particles or beads per square decimeter of support.
Various supports can be employed for compositions prepared according to the invention. Typical supports are those employed in the photographic art. Typical supports are film, paper, glass or the like.
Various materials can be used in combination with the matting agents and gelatin in photographic materials as binding agents and for other purposes. Such binding agents include synthetic materials and natural resins as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,411,907 of Whitmore and Coryell issued Nov. 19, 1968. This invention may be used with elements designed for color materials, for example, elements containing color-forming couples such as those described in Graham U.S. Pat. 3,227,554; Vittum et al. U.S. Pat. 2,360,290 or elements to be developed in solutions containing color-forming couples such as described in Mannes et al. U.S. Pat. No. 2,252,718.
Photographic materials prepared according to the process of the invention can contain additional addenda which do not adversely affect the matting properties of the described matting agents. These include, for example, various photosensitive silver halide emulsions, chemical sensitizers for such emulsions, development modifiers, antifoggants, stabilizers, developing agents, hardeners, plasticizers, coating agents, brighteners, spectral sensitizing dyes, absorbing and filter dyes, and the like as described, for example, in Dunn U.S. Pat. No. 3,297,446 issued Jan. 10, 1967 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,411,907 of Whitmore and Coryell issued Nov. 19, 1968.
The following examples are included for a further understanding of the invention.
Example 1 A. Into an aqueous 8 percent by weight bone gelatin solution are dispersed copolymethylmethacrylatemethacrylic acid beads which have an average diameter of 3 microns. To the solution are added appropi'iate spreading and hardening agents. The solution is then coated on a film support at the rate of 9.79 mg of gelatin/dm and 1.6 mg of polymethacrylate beads/dm'.
B. An element is prepared in a manner similar to (A) above except the bone gelatin solution is deionized using an ion-exchange resin as described in British Pat. No. 528,850 in columns 1 and 2.
C. An element is prepared in a manner similar to (A) above except the bone gelatin solution is deashed by washing in an acid solution as described in Example 1 in U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,213.
The results of Example 1 A, B and C indicate that the product of 1B and 1C contains a significantly higher concentration of matting agent particles or beads than the product produced by process 1A. On an arbitrary scale of 1 to 5 wherein 1 represents few matting agent particles showing on the surface of the element and 5 represents a good matted surface of the element, the product of process A receives a rating of l and the products of B and C receive a rating of 5.
Example 2 Three separate coatings are prepared as described in Example 1A, B and C, except pig gelatin is employed in place of bone gelatin.
The results of Example 2A, B and C are similar to those of Example 1A, B and C. On the arbitrary scale described in Example 1, the product of Example 2A receives a rating of 2 and the products of 2B and 2C receive a rating of 5.
Example 3 The procedure in Example 13 and 1C is repeated with the exception that the described gelatin solution containing the polymeric particles is coated on a photosensitive silver bromoiodide gelatino emulsion layer on a film support. A photographic element having good matting properties is produced.
The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.
I claim:
1. In a process for preparing a photographic element comprising a support having thereon a gelatino composition comprising a matting agent which comprises discrete particles of a polymer containing enough free carboxyl groups to cause said polymer to dissolve in an aqueous gelatin solution containing at least 5% by weight gelatin when said particles are blended with said aqueous gelatin solution;
which process comprises (1) adding said matting agent to said aqueous gelatin solution, (2) applying the resulting composition to said support and (3) drying the resulting coated support;
the improvement which comprises deionizing or deashing said aqueous gelatin solution before adding said particles of said polymer.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein said matting agent is an alkyl acrylate polymer containing free carboxyl groups.
3- The process of claim 1 wherein said matting agent is copoly (methyl methacrylate methacrylic acid).
4. The process of claim 1 wherein said matting agent is added to said gelatin solution in a concentration of about 0.5 percent to about 15 percent by weight of said gelatin solution.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein said gelatin soluthrough an ion-exchange resin. tion contains about 5 percent to about 20 percent by 7. The process of claim 1 wherein said deashing is weight gelatin. carried out by washing said gelatin solution with an 6. The process of claim 1 wherein said deionizing is aqueous acetic acid solution. carried out by passing said aqueous gelatin solution 5
Claims (6)
- 2. The process of claim 1 wherein said matting agent is an alkyl acrylate polymer containing free carboxyl groups.
- 3. The process of claim 1 wherein said matting agent is copoly (methyl methacrylate - methacrylic acid).
- 4. The process of claim 1 wherein said matting agent is added to said gelatin solution in a concentration of about 0.5 percent to about 15 percent by weight of said gelatin solution.
- 5. The process of claim 1 wherein said gelatin solution contains about 5 percent to about 20 percent by weight gelatin.
- 6. The process of claim 1 wherein said deionizing is carried out by passing said aqueous gelatin solution through an ion-exchange resin.
- 7. The process of claim 1 wherein said deashing is carried out by washing said gelatin solution with an aqueous acetic acid solution.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US20301471A | 1971-11-29 | 1971-11-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3767448A true US3767448A (en) | 1973-10-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00203014A Expired - Lifetime US3767448A (en) | 1971-11-29 | 1971-11-29 | Photographic process |
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Cited By (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2730994A1 (en) * | 1976-07-08 | 1978-01-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | METHOD OF IMAGE GENERATION |
| US4094848A (en) * | 1975-05-20 | 1978-06-13 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for producing finely divided porous polymer particles |
| US4151161A (en) * | 1976-06-14 | 1979-04-24 | Canada Packers Limited | Preparation of high-quality gelatine having low chromium content from chromed waste stock |
| US4207112A (en) * | 1974-01-29 | 1980-06-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Heat developable light-sensitive materials |
| US4259429A (en) * | 1974-04-03 | 1981-03-31 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Protection of toner images |
| EP0075231A2 (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-03-30 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for providing a matt surface on a photographic material and photographic material provided with such matt surface |
| US4855219A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1989-08-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic element having polymer particles covalently bonded to gelatin |
| US4920004A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1990-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Gelatin-grafted polymer particles |
| WO1991014968A1 (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-10-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Control of pressure-fog with gelatin-grafted and case-hardened gelatin-grafted soft polymer latex particles |
| US5370982A (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-12-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material |
| US5834174A (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 1998-11-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic elements containing highly crosslinked matting agent |
| US5916741A (en) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-06-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic elements containing elastomeric matting agent |
| US6475712B1 (en) | 2001-11-28 | 2002-11-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic element having improved surface protective layer containing composite wax particles |
| US20050084810A1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-04-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Highly lubricated imaging element with elastomeric matte |
| WO2005072971A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 | 2005-08-11 | Fuji Photo Film B.V. | Recording medium |
| US20060147658A1 (en) * | 2003-06-18 | 2006-07-06 | Fuji Photo Film B.V. | Ink-jet recording medium |
| US20060222788A1 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2006-10-05 | Fuji Photo Film B.V. | Recording medium |
| US20060222787A1 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2006-10-05 | Fuji Photo Film B.V. | Recording medium |
| EP1974950A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-01 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Thermal transfer image-receiving sheet and method for producing it |
| EP1974949A1 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-01 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet and production method thereof |
| EP1974945A2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-01 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet |
| EP1982839A1 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-22 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-forming method |
| EP2030800A2 (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-04 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet, image-forming method and image prints |
| EP2030799A2 (en) | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-04 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet and method of producing the same |
| EP2042334A2 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-01 | Fujifilm Corporation | Method of producing heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet |
| EP2075139A1 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | Fujifilm Corporation | Method of forming image by heat-sensitive transfer system |
| EP2082892A2 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2009-07-29 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet |
| EP2085244A1 (en) | 2008-01-30 | 2009-08-05 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer imageforming method |
| EP2298569A1 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2011-03-23 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet |
| EP2338690A1 (en) | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-29 | Fujifilm Corporation | Method for forming images using a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet having a lenticular lens |
| US20120148768A1 (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-14 | Simpson Sharon M | Transparent ink-jet recording films, compositions, and methods |
| US8481131B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2013-07-09 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Transparent ink-jet recording films, compositions, and methods |
| US8481132B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2013-07-09 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Transparent ink-jet recording films, compositions, and methods |
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| GB528850A (en) * | 1939-04-06 | 1940-11-08 | Permutit Co Ltd | Improvements in the purification of gelatine |
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| US2391181A (en) * | 1944-05-02 | 1945-12-18 | Eastman Kodak Co | Protective overcoating |
| GB837529A (en) * | 1957-08-30 | 1960-06-15 | Agfa Ag | Matting of photographic layers |
| US2992213A (en) * | 1957-11-08 | 1961-07-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Acid cooked pigskin gelatins for photographic subbing |
| US3370951A (en) * | 1962-08-22 | 1968-02-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | Matte-surfaced polyester sheeting |
| US3411907A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1968-11-19 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic compositions containing combination of soft and hard matting agents |
| US3687703A (en) * | 1968-06-26 | 1972-08-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Production of photographic sensitive materials |
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| GB528850A (en) * | 1939-04-06 | 1940-11-08 | Permutit Co Ltd | Improvements in the purification of gelatine |
| US2322037A (en) * | 1939-07-07 | 1943-06-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic film |
| US2391181A (en) * | 1944-05-02 | 1945-12-18 | Eastman Kodak Co | Protective overcoating |
| GB837529A (en) * | 1957-08-30 | 1960-06-15 | Agfa Ag | Matting of photographic layers |
| US2992213A (en) * | 1957-11-08 | 1961-07-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Acid cooked pigskin gelatins for photographic subbing |
| US3370951A (en) * | 1962-08-22 | 1968-02-27 | Eastman Kodak Co | Matte-surfaced polyester sheeting |
| US3411907A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1968-11-19 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic compositions containing combination of soft and hard matting agents |
| US3687703A (en) * | 1968-06-26 | 1972-08-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Production of photographic sensitive materials |
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| US4259429A (en) * | 1974-04-03 | 1981-03-31 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Protection of toner images |
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| EP0075231A2 (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-03-30 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for providing a matt surface on a photographic material and photographic material provided with such matt surface |
| EP0075231A3 (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-12-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for providing a matt surface on a photographic material and photographic material provided with such matt surface |
| US4855219A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1989-08-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic element having polymer particles covalently bonded to gelatin |
| US4920004A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1990-04-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Gelatin-grafted polymer particles |
| WO1991014968A1 (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-10-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Control of pressure-fog with gelatin-grafted and case-hardened gelatin-grafted soft polymer latex particles |
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| US20060147658A1 (en) * | 2003-06-18 | 2006-07-06 | Fuji Photo Film B.V. | Ink-jet recording medium |
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| US6913874B2 (en) | 2003-10-21 | 2005-07-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Highly lubricated imaging element with elastomeric matte |
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| EP1982839A1 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-22 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-forming method |
| EP1974949A1 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-01 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet and production method thereof |
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| EP1974950A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-01 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Thermal transfer image-receiving sheet and method for producing it |
| EP2030799A2 (en) | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-04 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet and method of producing the same |
| EP2030800A2 (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-04 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet, image-forming method and image prints |
| EP2042334A2 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-01 | Fujifilm Corporation | Method of producing heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet |
| EP2075139A1 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | Fujifilm Corporation | Method of forming image by heat-sensitive transfer system |
| EP2082892A2 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2009-07-29 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet |
| EP2085244A1 (en) | 2008-01-30 | 2009-08-05 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer imageforming method |
| EP2298569A1 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2011-03-23 | Fujifilm Corporation | Heat-sensitive transfer image-receiving sheet |
| EP2338690A1 (en) | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-29 | Fujifilm Corporation | Method for forming images using a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet having a lenticular lens |
| US8481131B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2013-07-09 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Transparent ink-jet recording films, compositions, and methods |
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