US3767318A - Method of controlling multi-casing variable speed compressors - Google Patents

Method of controlling multi-casing variable speed compressors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3767318A
US3767318A US00234233A US3767318DA US3767318A US 3767318 A US3767318 A US 3767318A US 00234233 A US00234233 A US 00234233A US 3767318D A US3767318D A US 3767318DA US 3767318 A US3767318 A US 3767318A
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Prior art keywords
compressor
pressure
compressors
accordance
stator blades
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00234233A
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English (en)
Inventor
T Shirato
T Ogishi
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Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0284—Conjoint control of two or more different functions

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method of controlling multi-casin'g variable speed compressors comprising a low pressure compressor and a high pressure compressor at least one of which is of axial type and has stator blades which are adjustable in setting angle, said method includes steps of measuring the pressure rise in one compressor and the total pressure rise in both said high pressure and low pressure compressors, adjusting the setting angle of the stator blades in accordance with the ratio of the pressure rise in said one compressor to the total pressure rise so as to obtain a predetermined share of pressure rise in said one compressor, and controllingthe speed of the compressors in accordance with the output pressure or air flow in the compressor.
  • the present invention relates to a method of controlling multi-casing variable speed compressors and more particularly to a method for controlling pressure ratio among compressors, that is, pressure distribution or load distribution between low pressure and high pressure compressors.
  • a compressor In a conventional compressor having an intermediate cooler, pressure distribution is not controlled.
  • a compressor In an actual practice, a compressor is operated either without any control or under a constant pressure control in which output pressure is maintained substantially constant or under a constant flow control in which air flow is maintained substnatially constant. ln either case, any substantially is not performed for obtaining predetermined distribution of pressure among a low pressure and a high pressure compressors. Therefore, when the performance of a high pressure compressor is deteriorated, the pressure increase or the share of load on the high pressure compressor is reduced and that on the low pressure compressor is correspondingly increased.
  • an anti-surge control means which serves to prevent the surging phenomenon by sensing the flow and the pressure in the low pressure compressor, it may be possible to prevent the surging, however, when a control is made in such a manner that a constant air flow is maintained, there may be a substantial decrease in the outlet air pressure to such a degree that a plant operation may become impossible.
  • the deterioration in the performance of the high pressure compressor is caused by dust carried by the air and absorbed in drain water separated in the intermediate cooler and adhered on compressor blades, or by scales or the like produced by sulphuric acid corrosion or other chemical corrosion of components of the intermediate cooler. Therefore, this deterioration in performance of the high pressure compressor cannot be avoided as far as the intermediate cooler is used. Further, even if there is no adverse effect of the dusts or the like from the intermediate cooler, there inevitably occurs an unbalance in pressure distribution among the compressors when it is operated at off-design. Thus, the compressor must be operated within a very limited range.
  • the present invention has an object to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages of the conventional methods.
  • the pressure ratio shared by the low pressure compressor or the high pressure compressor is previously set to a optimum value as a function of the total pressure ratio.
  • the actual pressure ratio shared with the low pressurecompressor or the high pressure compressor is compared vwith the set ratio in a;controller and equalized by controlling the setting angle of the stator blade.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling multi-casing compressors in which an unbalance in pressure distribution between a high pressure and a low pressure compressor due to a deterioration in performance of the high pressure compressor is self-compensated by controlling the pressure distribution so that there is no decrease in capacity.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling multi-casing compressors which is effective to prevent any failure of low pressure compressor blades which may be caused by an unbalance in pressure distribution between a high pressure and low pressure compressors and which can provide sufficient safety margins to surging points of the high and low pressure compressors when the compressors are operated under a part load pressure being different from a design pressure.
  • the method in accordance with the present invention is characterized by the fact that the outlet pressure of the high pressure compressor or the ultimate pressure and the air flow are controlled by regulating the speeds of the high pressure and the low pressure compressors and the unbalance in pressure ratio is self-compensated by adjusting the angle of stator blades in the high pressure compressor.
  • the low pressure compressor can be of a fixed stator axial or centrifugal type which does not have any control means.
  • the stator blades of the low pressure compressor adjustable in lieu of those in the high pres sure compressor. In this case, the load'distribution is compensated in the low pressure compressor, and the decrease in total capacity can be recovered by an increase in speed.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical illustration of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the characteristic curves of a compressor which is controlled in accordance with the present invention.
  • the reference numeral (6) designates an inlet filterthrough which f'luidis sucked into a low pressure compressor (2) which is driven by a variable speed prime mover 1 (1) such 'as a steam turbine, a gas turbine or the like.
  • the fluid compressed in the low pressure compressor (2) is then cooled by an interm'ediate cooler' (7).
  • the atmospheric air usually includes water moisture and when the air is cooled this moisture is made to condensate.
  • the condensate has to be deleted from the pipe line as much as possible. At this instance, a condensate is usually separated from the-fluid and therelative humidity of the fluid becomes percent.
  • a pressure signal from a pressure signal generator is introduced into a pressure controller which produces an output for controlling a rotational speed controller (16).
  • a change-over switch (18) is selected to control the flow
  • a signalfrom the flow detector (11) which is attached to a venturi or an orifice is fed to a flow controller (17) and compared with a set signal, thus controlling the speed controller 16) until any difference between both signals is completely eliminated.
  • the pressure ratio between the high pressure and the low pressure compressors is controlled in the following manner.
  • Pressure signals from an inlet pressure signal generator (8) and an output pressure signal generator (9) in the low pressure compressor are introduced into a pressure ratio operator (12) which produces a pressure ratio signal for the low pressure compressor.
  • pressure signals from the inlet pressure signal generator (8) of the low pressure compressor and from an outlet pressure signal generator (10) of the high pressure compressor are introduced into a pressure ratio operator (13) which produces a total pressure ratio signal corresponding to that between the inlet pressure of the low pressure compressor and the outlet pressure of the high pressure compressor.
  • the total pressure ratio signal is introduced into a function generator (19) which determines the ratio of the pressure in the low pressure compressor in accordance with a predetermined curve throughout the operating range of the compressor.
  • the output of the function generator (19) is then introduced into a pressure ratio controller (14) and compared with an actual pressure ratio signal in the low pressure compressor to adjust the stator blades (4) in the high pressure compressor by means of an actuator (5) in accordance with the amount of difference between the two signals.
  • a pneumatic pressure system an electro-hydraulic system or other suitable system may be used for performing the control.
  • the inlet pressure of the low pressure compressor is substantially constant, a similar result can be obtained by using the output pressure signal generators (9) and (10) in lieu of the pressure ratio operators (l2) and (13), respectively. Further, a similar result can be obtained by adjusting the stator blades in the low pressure compressor, although the detail of the operation is not described herein.
  • the pressure ratio can be controlled by adjusting the setting angle of the stator blades of the compressor, so that the following advantages can be obtained.
  • the compressor is free from decrease in capacity.
  • Both the low pressure and high pressure compressor have substantially the same amount of safety margins of surging, so that the compressor can be operated substantially free from surging.
  • a method of controlling multi-casing variable speed compressors at least one of which is of axial compressor type and has stator blades which are adjustable in setting angle comprising steps of determining the unbalance in pressure distribution, adjusting the setting angle of the stator blades so as to compensate unbalance in pressure distribution between the compressors, and controlling the speed of the compressors for adjusting the total pressure rise or air flow.
  • said compressors include a high pressure compressor and a low pressure compressor, said high pressure compressor having adjustable stator blades.
  • a method in accordance with claim 1 which said step of determining the unbalance in pressure distribution comprises steps of detecting pressure rise in one compressor and the total pressure rise in the compressors, said setting angle of the adjustable stator blades being adjusted in accordance with the ratio of said pressure rise in said one compressor to said total pressure rise.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US00234233A 1971-05-10 1972-03-13 Method of controlling multi-casing variable speed compressors Expired - Lifetime US3767318A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3133771 1971-05-10

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US3767318A true US3767318A (en) 1973-10-23

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US (1) US3767318A (https=)
CH (1) CH534813A (https=)
DE (1) DE2219382A1 (https=)
FR (1) FR2139284A5 (https=)
IT (1) IT957758B (https=)
NL (1) NL7204762A (https=)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3844673A (en) * 1970-03-24 1974-10-29 P Hayward Process for the regulation of the flow in conduits
US4147473A (en) * 1976-01-04 1979-04-03 Bufalov Gimn V Method of regulating multistage axial compressor output and an axial compressor for carrying same into effect
US20150377244A1 (en) * 2012-10-03 2015-12-31 Michael J. Stanko System and method for compressing air
CN109458356A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-12 中国航发北京航科发动机控制系统科技有限公司 一种压气机压力比控制的导叶调节器
US10385861B2 (en) 2012-10-03 2019-08-20 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for compressing an incoming feed air stream in a cryogenic air separation plant
US10443603B2 (en) 2012-10-03 2019-10-15 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for compressing an incoming feed air stream in a cryogenic air separation plant

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5743715A (en) * 1995-10-20 1998-04-28 Compressor Controls Corporation Method and apparatus for load balancing among multiple compressors

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3292845A (en) * 1963-03-06 1966-12-20 Shell Oil Co Method for preventing surging of compressors
US3362626A (en) * 1965-11-15 1968-01-09 Carrier Corp Method of and apparatus for controlling gas flow
US3588265A (en) * 1968-04-19 1971-06-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp System and method for providing steam turbine operation with improved dynamics

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3292845A (en) * 1963-03-06 1966-12-20 Shell Oil Co Method for preventing surging of compressors
US3362626A (en) * 1965-11-15 1968-01-09 Carrier Corp Method of and apparatus for controlling gas flow
US3588265A (en) * 1968-04-19 1971-06-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp System and method for providing steam turbine operation with improved dynamics

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3844673A (en) * 1970-03-24 1974-10-29 P Hayward Process for the regulation of the flow in conduits
US4147473A (en) * 1976-01-04 1979-04-03 Bufalov Gimn V Method of regulating multistage axial compressor output and an axial compressor for carrying same into effect
US20150377244A1 (en) * 2012-10-03 2015-12-31 Michael J. Stanko System and method for compressing air
US10385861B2 (en) 2012-10-03 2019-08-20 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for compressing an incoming feed air stream in a cryogenic air separation plant
US10443603B2 (en) 2012-10-03 2019-10-15 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for compressing an incoming feed air stream in a cryogenic air separation plant
US10519962B2 (en) 2012-10-03 2019-12-31 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for compressing an incoming feed air stream in a cryogenic air separation plant
US10533565B2 (en) 2012-10-03 2020-01-14 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for compressing an incoming feed air stream in a cryogenic air separation plant
US10533564B2 (en) 2012-10-03 2020-01-14 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for compressing an incoming feed air stream in a cryogenic air separation plant
CN109458356A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-12 中国航发北京航科发动机控制系统科技有限公司 一种压气机压力比控制的导叶调节器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2219382A1 (de) 1972-11-23
FR2139284A5 (https=) 1973-01-05
CH534813A (de) 1973-03-15
NL7204762A (https=) 1972-11-14
IT957758B (it) 1973-10-20

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