US3767301A

US3767301A - Photographic modifier

Info

Publication number: US3767301A
Application number: US00216540A
Authority: US
Inventors: D Solo
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1972-01-10
Filing date: 1972-01-10
Publication date: 1973-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 1990-10-23

Abstract

A photographic modifier in which novel means is used for enlarging or reducing the height or width of the data on the negative while transferring the data to the photo-sensitive material. The device can also create a perspective of the data on the negative while transferring the data to the photo-sensitive material or it can form the data into different desired arcuate or curved shapes on the photo-sensitive material.

Description

United States Patent 1 [111 3,767,301

Solo Get. 23, 1973 PHQTOGRAPHIC MODIFIER [76] Inventor: Daniel XQSolo, 298 Crestmont D12, w Pnmary Hol'an Oakland Calif. Attorney-William R. Piper [22] Filed: Jan. 10, 1972 [57] ABSTRACT [21] Appl. No.: 216,540

A photographic modifier in which novel means is used for enlarging or reducing the height or width of the 52 US. Cl. 355/52, 355/84 data on the negative while transferring the data to the [51] Int. Cl. G03b 27/68 -photo sensitive materiaL The device can also create a Field of Search 51, perspective of the data on the negative while transfer- 355/99 ring the data to the photo-sensitive material or it can form the data into different desired arcuate or curved References Cited shapes on the photo-sensitive material.

UNITED STATES PATENTS 8 Cl 20 D F l,906,973 5/1933 Kingsbury 355 50 mwmg 3,374,724 3/l968 Torres 355/52 PATENTEDum 23 1975 757391 SHEET 10F a PATENTEUUBT 23 ms SHEET 2 OF 8 2 12 yam-dug;

SHEET u 0F 8 Fig. 8

PHOTOGRAPHIC MODIFIER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention It has generally been the practice to use lenses of various kinds when altering the length and/or width of the data on the original print while transferring it to a photo-sensitive material. The same mechanism is also used when creating on the photo-sensitive material a perspective or an arcuate showing of the data on the negative. In my photographic modifier, I do not make use of any lenses to accomplish the same result. My device is readily adjustable so as to vary the ratio of enlargment or reduction when transferring the data on the negative of the original print to the photo-sensitive material.

2. Description of the Prior Art The U.S. Patent to Richard D. Cross, No. 3,401,616, issued Sept. 17, 1968, is for a Photo Composing Apparatus. A photo-sensitive film is attached to a slide bar that is movable in a longitudinal direction over a horizontally disposed work table. A negative, larger in area than the photosensitive film is placed over the film and is attached to the work table. A shroud is suspended above the work table and has a linear slit overlying the negative and photo-sensitive film and extending at right angles to the length of the work table. A source of light is focused through the linear slit and down upon the negative. The table is moved in the direction of its length and carries the negative therewith so as to move the negative under the light controlled slit at a predetermined speed. The moving table operates a mechanism that moves the slide bar in the direction of the length of the table at the same speed as the table, at a faster speed or at a slower speed than the table. Since the slide bar moves the photo-sensitive film under the negative at these three selective speeds, the data on the negative will be transferred to the film so as to be of the same height or at a greater height or at a lesser height than the data on the negative. In addition, a mechanism can be used for shifting the film-supporting slide bar transversely to the longitudinal movement of the table. This additional mechanism, when used, will alter the width of the data as it is transferred from the negative to the film.

My invention differs from the above patented device in several respects. In the first place, my base member for supporting the photo-sensitive material carrier and for supporting the negative carrier is inclined at an angle from a vertical plane rather than being arranged in a horizontal plane and thebase member is not moved with respect to the light source. I therefore utilize the force of gravity in moving both carriers in a downward direction and use a single moving member for moving both carriers in an upward direction. Both of the photosensitive material carrier and the negative carrier have the same width and may be readilyplaced between or removed from parallel and spaced apart guide rails that in turn extend longitudinally of the upwardly inclined base member. This does away with the necessity of securing the photo-sensitive film to a slide bar as disclosed in the above-mentioned patent and it is also not necessary to secure the negative to the base plate. It should further be noted from the patent that the negative must be considerably larger in area than the photo sensitive film because the negative must be secured to the work table shown in the patent and allow plenty of area to permit relative movement of the photo sensitive film under the negative during the transferring of the data from the negative to the photo sensitive film. The patent further discloses means for moving the slide bar and the photo-sensitive film laterally and this movement is limited by the size of the negative because the negative is secured to the work table and the slide bar and photo-sensitive film can only move within the boundaries of the negative. In my device the negative carrier can be moved laterally, which is not possible in the patented device because the negative is attached to the work table. There are additional points of difference between my invention and the patent and these will become apparent during the detailed description of my device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of my invention is to provide a photographic modifier which has an upwardly inclined base member provided with spaced apart and parallely arranged guide rails that extend throughout the length of the base and slidably and removably receive a photosensitive material carrier and a negative carrier. The negative carrier is provided with a ratio bar assembly that is contacted by a spindle and the latter is moved upwardly along an upwardly inclined slot in the inclined base for moving both the photo-sensitive material carrier and the negative carrier at the same rate of speed or at different rates of speed when the ratio bar assembly is made operative and contacts the moving spindle. The photo-sensitive material carrier is provided with a transverse edge that extends at right angles to the line of travel of the carrier and that is contacted by the spindle. The opposite edge of the carrier is inclined so that when the carrier is reversed in its position this inclined edge will be contacted by the spindle and will move the carrier upwardly at a different rate of speed from that of the negative carrier for altering the size of the data transferred to the photo-sensitive material from that on the negative.

A further object of my invention is to provide a device of the type described in which the negative carrier can be slidably mounted for transverse movement in an auxiliary carrier frame and the latter can be slidably mounted between the guide rails on the upwardly inclined base member. The auxiliary carrier frame is spring biased and has a cam follower that is yieldingly held against a stationary cam whose cam edge can be of any desired shape. The auxiliary carrier frame sup; ports the photo-sensitive material carrier in a position where it has no relative movement with respect to the auxiliary carrier frame. In other words, as the auxiliary carrier frame is moved upwardly by the spindle, it will carry with it the photo-sensitive material carrier as a unit while permitting the spring biased negative carrier to move laterally in the auxiliary carrier frame in accordance with the shape of the stationary cam against which the cam follower is yieldingly held.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the photographic modifier and shows the hinged door in open position, the door having a transversely extending light slot therein.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical section taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1, and shows the transverse light slot in the door formed by opposed and slightly spaced apart aperture bars whose adjacent edges are bevelled.

FiG. 3 is an enlarged transverse section through the cabinet of the device and shows the door'in closed position.

FIg. 4 is an enlarged elevational view of a portion of one of the adjustable guide rails for the photo-sensitive material carrier and the negative carrier and is taken along the section line 4-4 of FIg. 3. The vernier is not shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a transverse section taken along the line 55 of FIG. 4, and illustrates how the adjustable guide rail is connected to its supporting elongated base member.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of the negative carrier and also shows the ratio bar assembly operatively connected thereto.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged transverse section through the negative carrier and is taken along the inclined section line 7-7 of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the photo-sensitive material carrier.

FIGS. 9, l0 and llshow three schematic views for enlarging the data from the negative as this data is transferred to the photo-sensitive material.

FIG. 12 is an isometric view of the cabinet for the photographic modified and omits the photo-sensitive material carrier as well as the negative carrier. In addition, a portion of the upwardly inclined base member is broken away to show'the mechanism that moves the spindle along the upwardly inclined slot through which the spindle projects.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged transverse section through the spindle and its associate operating mechanism and is taken along the line l3I3 of FIG. 12.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged plan view of a portion of the ratio bar assembly that is used in connection with the negative carrier. The ratio bar scale shown in this Figure is provided with a slidable vernier.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged transverse section through the vernier illustrated in FIG. 14, and is taken along the line 15-15 of FIG. 14.

FIG. 16 is a transverse section taken along the line l6-l6 of FIG. 15.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged plan view of a modified form of a spring biased negative carrier which is slidably mounted in an auxiliary carrier frame that also supports the photo-sensitive material. A stationary cam is secured to the cabinet of the photographic modifier and the spring biased negative carrier has a cam follower that is yieldingly held in contact with the edge of the cam.

FIG. 18 is a transverse section through the modified form of spring biased negative carrier and its associate parts and it is taken along the line l818 of FIG. 17.

FIG. 19 shows a photo-sensitive material with transferred data thereon arranged in a curve, although the data on thenegative was in a straight row.

FIG. 20 illustrates three different types of cams that can be used in the modified form of the device shown in FIG. 17. 1

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In carrying out my invention, I provide a cabinet of the type shown in FIG. 1, and indicated generally at A. This cabinethasan upwardly inclined base member B, which in turn carries parallel and spaced apart adjustable guide rails, shown schematically at C1 and C2 in FIG. 1. It is vital that these guide rails be linearly straight and precisely the same distance apart throughout their lengths. Ihave therefore shown in enlarged detail in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, the preferred arrangement for mounting these guides rails -on the upwardly inclined base member B.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, I illustrate a portion of the adjustable guide rail Cl, and a detailed description of this will suffice also for the adjustable guide rail C2. The adjustable guide rail Cl includes an elongated base member 1 that is secured to the upwardly inclined base member B, by screws 2, or other suitable fastening means. An elongated runner 3 parallels the elongated base member 1 and is spaced therefrom as shown in FIG. 4. Threaded rods 4, see FIG. 5, are screwed into threaded openings 5 in the elongated runners 3, and lock nuts 6 are mounted on the threaded rods 4 and bear against the adjacent surface of the elongated runner for securing the threaded rods to the runners. The elongated base member 1 has non-threaded bores 7 for slidably receiving the threaded rods 4. Lock nuts 88 are mounted on the threaded rods 4 and bear against opposite sides of the elongated base member 1. An adjustment of the lock nuts 8-8 will move the threaded rods 4 with respect to the elongated base member 1 for moving the elongated runner 3 toward or away therefrom. In this manner the entire length of the runner 3 for each guide rail C1 and C2 can be made accurately straight because a number of the threaded rods 4 interconnect the runner with its supporting elongated base member 1.

Again referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, it will be noted that the cabinet A has a door D hinged at 9 to one side of the upwardly inclined base member B. When the door is closed, as shown in FIG. 3, it will cover the upwardly inclined base member B, including the two guide rails C1 and C2. The door has a transversely extending slot 10 therein, see FIG. 2, and a pair of aper-' ture bars E1 and E2 are mounted on the inner surface of the door D and areheld in place by bolts 11. The two aperture bars parallel the door slot 10 and the opposed edges of the bars are bevelled, as shown at 1212 in FIG. 2. The bars are adjusted so as to be spaced apart the required distance for permitting the desired amount of light to pass therethrough as will hereinafter be more fully described. The bolts 11-11 are then tightened to secure the aperture bars in place on the door D. Generally the aperture width is between ten to twenty thousandths of an inch, although I do not wish to be confined to any exact measurement.

I provide a negative carrier, indicated generallyat F in FIG. 6, and a photo-sensitive material carrier G,

' shown in FIG. 8. The width of each carrier frame F'and G is equal to the distance betweenthe guide rails Cl and C2. in FIG. 1, and both carriers are slidably mounted between these guide rails, as shown in this Figure. The upwardly inclined base member B on the cabinet A will cause both carriers to tend to move downwardly because of gravity.

Since the photo-sensitive material carrier G is they wardly inclined base member B. The lower edge of the carrier G extends at right angles to the side edges 13 and 14, and the upper edge 16 is inclined at an angle. The functions of these two

edges

15 and 16 will be explained hereinafter. A photo-sensitive material H of the desired size is placed on the carrier G and is held in place by mastic tape strips 17 or other suitable fastening means.

The negative carrier F, shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, is provided with a sheet of plate glass 18. The parallel side edges 19 and 20 of the carrier F will slidably contact the guide rails Cl and C2, respectively, see FIG. 1. A masking sheet J of a desired size is secured to the undersurface of the plate glass 18 by masking tape strips 21. A negative K is secured to the masking sheet .I by masking strips 22, see FIG. 6, and the negative K extends over an opening 23 in the masking sheet J, see FIG. 7. The opening 23 is large enough in area to permit the data on the negative K to be viewed through the plate glass 18. The data on the negative can depict anything desired and FIG. 6 shows the word NEGA- TIVE as being one example.

I provide the negative carrier F, of FIG. 6, with a ratio bar assembly comprising an arm 24 pivotally connected to the carrier at 25, and a ratio bar scale L, see also FIGS. 7 and 14, pivoted at 26 to the free end of the arm 24. The ratio bar scale L is provided with a longitudinally extending slot 27 that extends substantially throughout the length of the bar. On one side of the median slot 27, I provide a scale 18, marked IN- CREASE PERCENT, and the numbers extend from 100 to 145. On the other side of the median slot 27, I provide another scale 29, marked DECREASE PER- CENT,", and the numbers extend from 50 to 95. Other scales could be used. A wing nut and bolt 30, see FIGS. 7, l4 and 15, extends through the negative carrier F through the median slot 27 in the ratio bar scale L and through a clamping member 31 that slides in the slot 27 and has two vernier scales thereon. The vernier scale 32 is associated with the scale 28 on the ratio bar scale L, and the vernier scale 33 is associated with the other scale 29 on the ratio bar. The two vernier scales are associated with a double arrowed indicating mark 34 whose arrows point to the

scales

28 and 29 on the ratio bar scale L. The purpose for the

scales

28 and 29 will be described when setting forth the operation of the device.

I will now describe the mechanism for moving both the negative carrier F and the photo-sensitive material carrier G upwardly along the inclined base member B of the cabinet A. In FIG. 12, I show an isometric view of the cabinet A with its door D shown in open position so as to expose the upwardly inclined base member B. The two carriers F and G are not illustrated and a portion of the base member B is broken away in order to show the mechanism that moves a spindle M along an upwardly inclined slot 35 provided in the base member. The spindle does not rotate on its own axis. FIG. 13 is an enlarged section of FIG. 12, taken through the spindle M and shows the spindle comprising a cylindrical body 36 with a closed top and an exteriorly threaded lower end that is received in a threaded bore 37 of a carriage 38 that supports the spindle. The carriage 38 in turn is slidably supported by a pair of guide rods 39-39 that havetheir ends secured in end blocks 40 and 41 and extend through a pair of openings 42-42 in the carriage 38. The end blocks 40 and 41 are mounted on the underside of the upwardly inclined base member B and are disposed at opposite ends of the slot 35 in the base member.

A threaded screw shaft N, see FIGS. 12 and 13, has its lower end rotatably supported in the lower end block 40 and has its upper end with a smooth cylindrical portion rotatably received in a bore in the upper end block 41. The upper end of the screw shaft N that extends beyond the upper end block 41 is connected to a slow speed electric motor P and a gear reduction, as shown in FIG. 12. Again referring to FIG. 13, the carriage 38 has a smooth bore 43 for slidably receiving the threaded shaft N. The motor P is shown connected to a gear reduction mechanism which in turn is connected to the screw shaft N. In this way the screw shaft will be rotated at the proper speed for advancing the spindle M along the slot 35. The spindle has a cylindrical body 36 that has a hollow interior 44, see FIG. 13, for receiving a coil spring 45 whose upper end bears against the closed top of the body 36 and whose lower end bears against a half-nut 46 that is slidably mounted in the hollow interior 44. The lower end of the half-nut 46 is provided with an arcuate-shaped cavity 47 that is threaded and these threads mesh with the threads on the screw shaft N. A spindle head 48 has a rod 49 that is slidably received in an opening provided in the closed top of the cylindrical body 36. The lower end of the rod 49 is secured to the top of the half nut 46. This structure permits the operator to lift the spindle head 48 and to raise the half-nut 46 so as to disengage it from the screw shaft N and permit the spindle M to be moved to any desired position in the slot 35 in the base member B. The spindle head 48 carries a pin 50 that is slidably received in a bore 51 and the pin permits the lifting of the spindle head 48 for freeing the threads 47 on the halfnut 46 from the screw shaft N, but prevents any rotative movement of the half-nut 46 within the cylindrical body 36 and, therefore, the half-nut 46 will always be kept in proper alignment with the screw shaft N. When the half-nut 46 is in mesh with the screw shaft N and the motor P is connected to a source of current, not shown, the motor will rotate the screw shaft at the desired speed to move the carriage 38 and spindle M upwardly along the inclined slot 35 in the base member B of the cabinet A. The upper end of the screw shaft N adjacent to the upper end block 41 is made smooth so that no threads on the screw shaft will engage with the threads 4 in the half-nut 46 when the spindle M and the half-nut reach this position. Therefore there will be no stripping of meshing threads when the half-nut reaches this position and the motor P continues to operate.

OPERATION From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device, the operation will be readily understood. In FIGS. 9, 10 and 11, I illustrate schematically how the data III on the negative K on the carrier F can be enlarged as the data is transferred onto the photosensitive material H on the carrier G. The ratio bar assembly with its pivoted arm 24, of FIG. 6, is swung so as to parallel the lower edge of the negative carrier F. Also, the photo-sensitive material carrier G has been reversed in its position from that shown in FIG. 8, so that the upper inclined edge in this Figure now becomes the lower inclined edge 16 in FIGS. 9, l0 and 11. The negative carrier F is normally superipmposed over the photo-sensitive material carrier G in actual use, as shown in FIG. 1, but in the schematic views of FIGS. 9, and 11, the two carriers are arranged side by side for purposes of clarity. The door slot 10 is indicated by the horizontal dotted line 10 and the inclined slot for the spindle M is shown by an upwardly inclined dotted line 35.

Three different positions of the two carriers F and G are indicated in the three FIGS. 9, 10 and 11. The initial position of the twocarriers in FIG. 9 shows the top of the data IH on the negative Kjust reaching the transverse line of light 10, caused by the light source 52, in FIG. 3, striking the closed door D and only the door slot 10 permitting a transverse line of light to reach the negative K, as indicated by the dotted line 10 in FIG.

9. The motor P, in FIG. 12, is started and the screw shaft N will be rotated and will start moving the spindle M upwardly along the inclined slot 35. The spindle M will contact the arm 24 on the negative carrier F to move the carrier upwardly and will also contact the inclined edge 16 of the photo-sensitive material carrier G to move this carrier upwardly at a faster speed ratio than that of the negative carrier F.

FIG. l0shows both carriers F and G moved upwardly and since the carrier G is moved more rapidly than the carrier F, the data on the photo-sensitive material H on the carrier G will be elongated more than the corresponding data portion on the negative K. FIG. 11 shows the final result where the data on the photo-sensitive material H will be elongated to much greater extent than the height of the corresponding data on the negative K.

If the ratio bar assembly for the negative carrier F had its arm 24 extending downwardly at an angle, as shown in FIG. 6, then the negative carrier F would be moved upwardly by the spindle M at 'a more rapid rate, but still the photo-sensitive material carrier G would be moved more rapidly because the angle of the inclined edge 16 of the carrier G is greater than the angle of the arm 24 in FIG. 6. The

scales

28 and 29 on the ratio bar scale L are used when the operator wishes to increase or decrease the height of the transferred data onto the photo-sensitive material H. The wing nut clamp 31 can be moved to any desired position along the slot 27 in the ratio bar scale L, and if fine accuracy is desired, the vernier scales 32o'r 33 on the upper face of the wing nut clamp 31 may be used. It is possible to vary the width of the data transferred onto the photo-sensitive material H from that on the negative K. To accomplish this, the negative K is swung through an arc of 90 from the position shown on the carrier F and then reattached to the carrier.

I If the operator wishes to decrease the height of the data transferred from the negative K to the photosensitive material H, he sets up the apparatus as shown in FIG. 1, and uses the DECREASE PERCENT scale 29 on the ratio bar L for determiningithe percentage of decrease desired. If he wishes to increase the height of terial H will be much higher than the similar data on the negative K. If the arm 24 should be used on the carrier F to control the degree of enlargement the IN- CREASE PERCENT scale 28 on the ratio bar L would be used. If extreme accuracy is desired, the vernier scale 32, see FIG. 15, would be used.

In FIGS. 17 to 20 inclusive, I show a modified form of my invention for arranging data in an arcuate shape. A portion of the cabinet A is shown in FIG. 17, as well as a portion of the guide rails C1 and C2, and the upwardly inclined base member B. The door D is not shown in FIG. 17, although it is used. Instead of providing the negative carrier F and the photo-sensitive material carrier G, I provide an auxiliary carrier frame Q and slidably mount it between the guide rails Cl and C2, note FIGS. 17 and 18. The auxiliary carrier frame Q has transversely extending and parallely arranged

guide rails

60 and 61 that extend at right angles to the guide rails Cl and C2. Between the transversely extending

rails

60 and 61, I mount a photo-sensitive material supporting member R. A sheet S of photo-sensitive material is placed on the upper surface of the member R, as shown by dotted lines in FIG. 17, and in plan view in FIG. 19. The sheet S may be secured to the member R by masking tape strips, not shown. The sheet S is not illustrated in FIG. 18.

I mount a spring biased negative carrier T between the transversely extending

guide rails

60 and 61, see FIGS. 17 and 18. The carrier T is used in place of the negative carrier F, shown in FIG. 6. The carrier T has a piece of plate glass 62 fitted therein and a masking sheet 63 is secured to the under surface of the plate glass 62 by masking tape strips 64. The transverse section of FIG. 18 does not show the masking sheet 63 nor the masking tape strips 64. The masking sheet 63 has an opening, not shown, and a negative 65, see FIG. 7, is secured to the undersurface of the masking sheet 63, and extends over the opening provided in the sheet, in much the same manner shown in the transverse section of FIG. 7, where the masking sheet J is shown provided with the opening 23 and the negative K overlies this opening and is secured to the masking sheet by the masking tape strips 22. The negative 65, shown in FIG. 17, has the word NEGATIVE appearing thereon. Any desired data may be on the negative 65.

Both FIGS.'l7 and 18 illustrate the auxiliary carrier frame 0 as being spring biased. Two

coil springs

66 and 67 have their left hand ends connected to

pins

68 and 69, respectively, which in turn are carried by the negative carrier T. The right hand ends of the coil springs 66 and 67 are connected to

pins

70 and 71,respectively, that are mounted on the

transverse guide rails

60 and 61 of the auxiliary carrier Q. It will be seen from this construction that the coil springs 66 and 67 yieldingly urge the spring biased negative carrier T to the right in FIGS. 17 and 18.

I provide a stationary cam U, see FIGS. 17 and 18, and this cam has spaced apart openings for receiving threaded

studs

72 and 73, that project upwardly from the elongated base member 1 of the right hand guide rail C2, see FIG. 1.

Wing nuts

74 and 75 are removably mounted on the threaded

studs

72 and 73, respectively, and removably secure the cam U in proper position. The cam U has an arcuate cam edge 76 and the spring biased negative carrier T has a cam follower roller 77 that is yieldingly held in contact with the cam edge 76.

- follower roller 77 has reached the high or mid point of the cam edge 76. It will be noted that the convex shape of the cam edge 76 will cause the cam follower roller 77 and the spring biased negative frame T to first gradually move to the left in FIG. 17 as the frame T and auxiliary frame Q are moved upwardly by the spindle M as the latter is moved upwardly along the slot 35 in the manner already described. The transverse line of light made through the slot in the door D, will scan the negative 65 as the negative is moved upwardly by the spindle M acting on the auxiliary carrier frame Q and the spring biased negative carrying frame T, the negative 65 also being moved along an arcuate path by the frame T and the cam U during this upward movement. The result will be the transferring of the data NEGATIVE" from the' negative 65 to the photosensitive material S, see also FIG. 19, the transferred data NEGATIVE on the material S, being arcuate in shape.

Different types of cams can be used and in FIG. 20, I show the cam U and also show two other types of cams indicated at V and W. The cam V has an undulating or reverse curve cam edge 78. The cam W has an inclined cam edge 79 and an arcuate slot 80, marked off in degrees. The center for the arcuate slot 80 is the opening 81 and this opening is designed to receive the stud 72, see FIG. 17, when the cam W is to be substituted for the cam U, shown in that Figure. Also, the arcuate slot 80 will slidably receive the other stud 73. The scale 82, marked off in degress, in associated with the arcuate slot 80 and the operator, when using the cam W can loosen both

wing nuts

74 and 75 and swing the cam W about the stud 72, in FIG. 17, as a pivot until the desired degree marking in the scale 82 registers with the stud 73, whereupon the operator can tighten both

wing nuts

74 and 75, and secure the cam W against-movement.

When using the cam W in FIG. 20, the cam follower roller 77 on the spring biased negative frame T would contact the cam edge 79 and move the spring biased negative carrying frame to the left as the auxiliary carrier frame Q moved the frame T upwardly over the base member B. The result would be the transferring of the data on the negative to the photo-sensitive material S andshowing the data on an incline.

' It is to be understood that in both my preferred form and in the modified form, at any given moment during the upward travel of the various carriers, exposure is made onto the photo-sensitive material only along a line disposed directly below the transverse slot 10 in the door D and at no other point. The purpose of my device is to reproportion photographic images, changing one dimension without changing the other, or to produce certain other modifications and distortions which would more properly be described as changes of angle or linearity rather than changes in proportion. I have described how the vertical lengthening of the image can be accomplished. This results in what typographers cal] condensed" lettering. The word condensed refers to the horizontal dimension. By moving the negative carrier more rapidly than the photosensitive material carrier, the vertical shortening of the image is accomplished. Reducing the relative height of lettering results in what typographers call extended lettering. Again, the word extended" refers to the horizontal dimension.

When the angle of the image is to be changed, the cam W, in FIG. 20, is used with the modified form of the device shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. This will slope the vertical strokes of the lettering with relation to the horizontal strokes, or common base line, resulting in what typographers call italic or -backslant lettering, depending upon the direction of the slope.

When using the cams U or V, the linearity of the image is changed. The straight line lettering on the negative can be made to follow a predetermined curve, regular or irregular, with the vertical strokes remaining vertical and the horizontal strokes following the curve, resulting in what some branches of the lettering business refer to as plumb arches, plumb dips," serpentine effect," etc.

All of the above-mentioned different ways of producing an image are accomplished with my device where movement is effected between a photographic negative and a photo-sensitive material (paper or film), both being held in contact with each other but being moved at different rates of speeds with respect to each other and in different directions during the period of exposure. As already stated, a line of light reaches the two materials through an aperture 10 having a width of only a few thousandths of an inch, but a length at least as wide as the work undergoing modification.

A single motive power achieves the various controlled movements of the negative and the photosensitive material. The upwardly inclined base member B on the cabinet A has just a sufficient incline to keep the negative carrier and the photo-sensitive material carrier from falling off. The ratio bar assembly for the negative carrier F can have the arm 24 adjusted to the desired angle and the edge 16 of the carrier G can be at a desired angle so that it is possible to control these angles to the finest degree especially when the vernier is used.

I claim:

1. A device of the type described, comprising a. a carrier supporting member having a flat surface;

b. a first carrier slidably mounted on said surface and having a photo-sensitive material mounted thereon;

c. a second carrier superimposed on said first carrier and having a negative material mounted thereon;

d. a source of light directed against only a portion of said negative material;

e. a common means for providing a predetermined path for movement of both carriers with respect to said light source;

f. means for moving both carriers along said path at preselected speeds so that the carriers will move relative to the light source and cause the latter to traverse across the negative material and expose those portions of the photo-sensitive material permitted by the negative;

g. the flat surface of said carrier supporting member being inclined from the vertical so that gravity will cause said first carrier to tend to move in one direction over said surface and will cause said second carrier to tend to move over said first carrier and in the same direction as said first carrier;

h. said carrier moving means will move both carriers in the opposite direction at their preselected speeds so as to cause a relative movement between the two carriers while being moved by said carrier moving means; Y

. the means for moving both carriers along said path at preselected speeds includes a spindle movable upwardly along an upwardly inclined slot provided in the upwardly inclined flat surface, said spindle contacting with the lower edge of said first carrier for moving said carrier upwardly along said flat surface;

j. said second carrier having a transversely extending arm disposed adjacent to the lower edge of said second carrier, one end of said arm being pivotally secured to said second carrier; and

k. a ratio bar having one end pivotally secured to the free end of said arm, said ratio bar having means for adjustably securing it to said second carrier at a desired position for holding said arm at a desired angle with respect to the lower edge of said second carrier, said spindle contacting said arm;

I. the means for movingboth carriers also including means for advancing said spindle along said upwardly inclined slot for moving both the first and second carriers along said path at different preselected speeds with respect to each other for causing the exposed portion of the data on the photosensitive material to be proportionally altered from the similar data on said negative. 2. The combination as set forth in claim 1: and in which which a. the ratio bar has an INCREASE scale on one side of said slot and has a DECREASE scale on the other side of said slot;

'b. said wing nut extending through a clamping member slidably mounted in said slotand having a pair ofvernier scales, one being associated with each scale on said ratio bar. 4. The combination as set forth in claim 1: and in which a. said first carrier having parallel side edges slidably contacting with said common path defining means for both carriers, and having a lower edge extending substantially at right angles to the parallel side edges; I

b. said first carrier having an upper inclined edge and said first carrier being reversible in its position in said common path defining means so that said inclined edge becomes the lower inclined edge and contacts with said spindle;

0. whereby a movement of said spindle along said slot will contact with said inclined edge for moving said first carrier at a different speed from that of said second carrier.

5. A device of the type described comprising:

a. an upwardly inclined member having a fiat surface and longitudinally extending and spaced apart parallel guide rails, said flat surface having an upwardly inclined slot therein;

b. an auxiliary carrier frame slidably mounted between said spaced apart and longitudinally extending guide rails and having transversely extending and spaced apart guide rails that extend substantially at right angles to said longitudinal rails;

c. a photo-sensitive material removably mounted on said auxiliary carrier frame;

(1. a spring biased carrier for removably supporting a negative, said spring biased carrier being'slidably mounted between said transversely extending guide rails so as to superimpose the negative above the photo-sensitive material;

e. a stationary cam with means for securing it in association with said spring biased carrier, said carrier having a cam follower yieldingly held in contact I with the cam edge of said stationary cam;

f. a source of light directed against only a portion of said negative; and

g. a spindle movable along said slot and contacting with the lower edge of-said auxiliary carrier frame for moving said auxiliary carrier frame upwardly along the flat surface and carrying with it said spring biased carrier, the latter having its cam follower yieldingly held in contact with the cam edge of said stationary cam so that said springbiased carrier will move in a lateral direction while said auxiliary carrier frame is moving upwardly and move said negative laterally with respect to the photo-sensitive material that is mounted on the auxiliary carrier frame; e

h. whereby the negative will be moved laterally in a predetermined direction with respect to the photosensitive material as both are moved upwardly along the flat surface and relative to the light- 6. The combination as set forth in claim 5: and which a. the stationary cam is operatively connected to the upwardly inclined member bytwo spaced apart threaded studs, one of the studs being received in an opening in the cam and the seco nd'stud being received in an arcuate slot in the cam, the center of the arcuate slot being thev stud-receiving opera.

b. wing nuts mounted on said studs; and

c. said arcuate slot being marked off in degrees of an arc;

d. whereby the stationary cam can be angularly adjusted to alter the relative position of the cam edge with respect to the cam follower on the spring biased carrier, after which the wing nuts clamp said cam in a fixed position.

7. In a photographic modifier:

a. an upwardly inclined base member having a flat surface with a pair of spaced apart parallel guide bars and an upwardly inclined slot lying between said guide bars;

b. an elongated threaded screw whose axis parallels the upwardly inclined slot;

c. a carriage having a smooth bore for slidably receiving said threaded screw;

d. a hollow spindle supported by said carriage and extending through said slot, the spindle axis being at right angles to the axis of said screw;

e. a spring-biased half-nut slidably mounted in said hollow spindle and having its half-cylindrical threaded portion meshing with the adjacent threaded portion of said screw;

f. manual means for freeing the half-nut from said screw for quickly moving said carriage along the screw and permitting the spindle to be quickly moved along the slot;

g. a first carrier slidably mounted on said upwardly inclined flat surface and having a photo-sensitive material mounted thereon, said carrier having a lower edge;

h. a second carrier superimposed on said first carrier and having a negative mounted thereon, said second carrier having a lower edge extending at a different angle from that of the lower edge of said first carrier;

. said spindle slidably contacting the lower edges of both carriers; and

. means for rotating said screw for causing said spindle to move both carriers upwardly along said flat surface at different speeds when the half-nut meshes with said screw.

8. The combination as set forth in claim 7: and in which a. a pair of guide rods are disposed on each side of said screw and parallel the screw axis; and

b. said carriage having side bores, one being disposed wardly inclined slot.

Claims

1. A device of the type described, comprising a. a carrier supporting member having a flat surface; b. a first carrier slidably mounted on said surface and having a photo-sensitive material mounted thereon; c. a second carrier superimposed on said first carrier and having a negative material mounted thereon; d. a source of light directed against only a portion of said negative material; e. a common means for providing a predetermined path for movement of both carriers with respect to said light source; f. means for moving both carriers along said path at preselected speeds so that the carriers will move relative to the light source and cause the latter to traverse across the negative material and expose those portions of the photo-sensitive material permitted by the negative; g. the flat surface of said carrier supporting member being inclined from the vertical so that gravity will cause said first carrier to tend to move in one direction over said surface and will cause said second carrier to tend to move over said first carrier and in the same direction as said first carrier; h. said carrier moving means will move botH carriers in the opposite direction at their preselected speeds so as to cause a relative movement between the two carriers while being moved by said carrier moving means; i. the means for moving both carriers along said path at preselected speeds includes a spindle movable upwardly along an upwardly inclined slot provided in the upwardly inclined flat surface, said spindle contacting with the lower edge of said first carrier for moving said carrier upwardly along said flat surface; j. said second carrier having a transversely extending arm disposed adjacent to the lower edge of said second carrier, one end of said arm being pivotally secured to said second carrier; and k. a ratio bar having one end pivotally secured to the free end of said arm, said ratio bar having means for adjustably securing it to said second carrier at a desired position for holding said arm at a desired angle with respect to the lower edge of said second carrier, said spindle contacting said arm; l. the means for moving both carriers also including means for advancing said spindle along said upwardly inclined slot for moving both the first and second carriers along said path at different preselected speeds with respect to each other for causing the exposed portion of the data on the photo-sensitive material to be proportionally altered from the similar data on said negative.

2. The combination as set forth in claim 1: and in which a. said ratio bar is slotted and a wing nut is used for adjustably securing said bar to said second carrier after said arm has been swung into a desired angle for being contacted by said spindle for moving said second carrier at a different relative speed than thatof said first carrier which is also moved by the same spindle.

3. The combination as set forth in claim 2: and in which a. the ratio bar has an ''''INCREASE %'''' scale on one side of said slot and has a ''''DECREASE %'''' scale on the other side of said slot; b. said wing nut extending through a clamping member slidably mounted in said slot and having a pair of vernier scales, one being associated with each scale on said ratio bar.

4. The combination as set forth in claim 1: and in which a. said first carrier having parallel side edges slidably contacting with said common path defining means for both carriers, and having a lower edge extending substantially at right angles to the parallel side edges; b. said first carrier having an upper inclined edge and said first carrier being reversible in its position in said common path defining means so that said inclined edge becomes the lower inclined edge and contacts with said spindle; c. whereby a movement of said spindle along said slot will contact with said inclined edge for moving said first carrier at a different speed from that of said second carrier.

5. A device of the type described comprising: a. an upwardly inclined member having a flat surface and longitudinally extending and spaced apart parallel guide rails, said flat surface having an upwardly inclined slot therein; b. an auxiliary carrier frame slidably mounted between said spaced apart and longitudinally extending guide rails and having transversely extending and spaced apart guide rails that extend substantially at right angles to said longitudinal rails; c. a photo-sensitive material removably mounted on said auxiliary carrier frame; d. a spring biased carrier for removably supporting a negative, said spring biased carrier being slidably mounted between said transversely extending guide rails so as to superimpose the negative above the photo-sensitive material; e. a stationary cam with means for securing it in association with said spring biased carrier, said carrier having a cam follower yieldingly held in contact with the cam edge of said stationary cam; f. a source of light directed against only a portion of said negative; and g. a spindle movable along said slot and contacting with the lower eDge of said auxiliary carrier frame for moving said auxiliary carrier frame upwardly along the flat surface and carrying with it said spring biased carrier, the latter having its cam follower yieldingly held in contact with the cam edge of said stationary cam so that said spring biased carrier will move in a lateral direction while said auxiliary carrier frame is moving upwardly and move said negative laterally with respect to the photo-sensitive material that is mounted on the auxiliary carrier frame; h. whereby the negative will be moved laterally in a predetermined direction with respect to the photo-sensitive material as both are moved upwardly along the flat surface and relative to the light source, thereby causing the light source to move across the negative and expose those portions of the photo-sensitive material permitted by the negative.

6. The combination as set forth in claim 5: and in which a. the stationary cam is operatively connected to the upwardly inclined member by two spaced apart threaded studs, one of the studs being received in an opening in the cam and the second stud being received in an arcuate slot in the cam, the center of the arcuate slot being the stud-receiving opening; b. wing nuts mounted on said studs; and c. said arcuate slot being marked off in degrees of an arc; d. whereby the stationary cam can be angularly adjusted to alter the relative position of the cam edge with respect to the cam follower on the spring biased carrier, after which the wing nuts clamp said cam in a fixed position.

7. In a photographic modifier: a. an upwardly inclined base member having a flat surface with a pair of spaced apart parallel guide bars and an upwardly inclined slot lying between said guide bars; b. an elongated threaded screw whose axis parallels the upwardly inclined slot; c. a carriage having a smooth bore for slidably receiving said threaded screw; d. a hollow spindle supported by said carriage and extending through said slot, the spindle axis being at right angles to the axis of said screw; e. a spring-biased half-nut slidably mounted in said hollow spindle and having its half-cylindrical threaded portion meshing with the adjacent threaded portion of said screw; f. manual means for freeing the half-nut from said screw for quickly moving said carriage along the screw and permitting the spindle to be quickly moved along the slot; g. a first carrier slidably mounted on said upwardly inclined flat surface and having a photo-sensitive material mounted thereon, said carrier having a lower edge; h. a second carrier superimposed on said first carrier and having a negative mounted thereon, said second carrier having a lower edge extending at a different angle from that of the lower edge of said first carrier; i. said spindle slidably contacting the lower edges of both carriers; and j. means for rotating said screw for causing said spindle to move both carriers upwardly along said flat surface at different speeds when the half-nut meshes with said screw.

8. The combination as set forth in claim 7: and in which a. a pair of guide rods are disposed on each side of said screw and parallel the screw axis; and b. said carriage having side bores, one being disposed on each side of said smooth bore that slidably receives the screw for holding the spindle axis in the same plane as the spindle is moved along said upwardly inclined slot.