US3762947A - Crystallizer - Google Patents

Crystallizer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3762947A
US3762947A US00188422A US3762947DA US3762947A US 3762947 A US3762947 A US 3762947A US 00188422 A US00188422 A US 00188422A US 3762947D A US3762947D A US 3762947DA US 3762947 A US3762947 A US 3762947A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
container
radial
shaft
crystallizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00188422A
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English (en)
Inventor
C Ornstein
F Corson
F Schenck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever Bestfoods North America
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Unilever Bestfoods North America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever Bestfoods North America filed Critical Unilever Bestfoods North America
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3762947A publication Critical patent/US3762947A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13B—PRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B30/00—Crystallisation; Crystallising apparatus; Separating crystals from mother liquors ; Evaporating or boiling sugar juice
    • C13B30/02—Crystallisation; Crystallising apparatus
    • C13B30/022—Continuous processes, apparatus therefor
    • C13B30/023—Continuous processes, apparatus therefor having rotatable means for agitation or transportation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D9/00—Crystallisation
    • B01D9/0004—Crystallisation cooling by heat exchange
    • B01D9/0013—Crystallisation cooling by heat exchange by indirect heat exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D9/00—Crystallisation
    • B01D9/0018—Evaporation of components of the mixture to be separated
    • B01D9/0031—Evaporation of components of the mixture to be separated by heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improved crystallizing apparatus such as employed in the manufacture of sugar or other crystalline substances from massecuite by subjecting the material to a heat transfer and agitating action.
  • heat transfer In an effective commercial crystallizer, heat transfer must take place rapidly and uniformly and more effective heat transfer will increase the capacity of the crystallizer. It is important to not only have an effective and a substantial area of heat transfer surface but to effectively mix and agitate the materials so that the heat transfer surface is uniformly and constantly exposed to material being mixed. It is conventional toemploy a mixer supported on a central shaft extending through the crystallizer with the shaft carrying heat transfer coils and agitating equipment. The arrangement, shape and distribution of these coils is an important factor in attaining a satisfactory high capacity heat transfer op eration for crystallization.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a crystallizing mechanism of the type described wherein the heat transfer fluid is conducted through coils which are positioned so that their location corresponds more closely with the volume distribution of the massecuite to be cooled.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a crystallizer which has an improved distribution of cooling area in proportion to distribution of the product volume and wherein a plurality of fluid circuits are provided so that an independent hot water or steam flow can be passed through cooling coils or center shaft for melting of buildup.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide an improved crystallizer having a design which affords a multi-pass fluid flow circuit through the coils.
  • a feature of the invention is the provision of a hollow tubular shaft with coils mounted thereon wherein the shaft accommodates one fluid circuit and the coils accommodate a separate independent fluid circuit.
  • a further feature of the invention is the provision of a rotary shaft within a crystallizer container wherein a helical coil is mounted on tubular spokes with the spokes so arranged that they conduct heat transfer fluid flow in separate zigzag passes through the container with coil arrangement providing three passes through the container.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view, with a portion in section, of a crystallizer constructed and operating in accordance with the principles of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view, with portions broken away, of the heat transfer rotor of the crystallizer mechanism of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an end elevational view, with portions broken away, taken from the left end of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an end elevational view taken from the righthand end of FIG. 2, with parts broken away;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary elevational view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 2, but with the rotor rotated from the position of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the crystallizer having a hollow cylindrical container 10 with a shaft 11 rotatably mounted thereon being supported in bearings 17 and 18 on the ends walls 10a and 10b of the container.
  • the container has an outer cylindrical wall 10c provided with a fitting for delivery of the material to be processed.
  • An inlet fitting is shown at 13 and the processed contents can be removed through a discharge valve opening 14.
  • a drain and steam cleanout is provided at 15 and an inspection manhole opening is provided at 16.
  • the container is of stainless steel or similar noncorrosive material suited to the processing of foodstuffs. For crystallizing sugar and the like, it is continually stirred and treated by a heat transfer rotor 12 mounted on the shaft 11.
  • the rotor 12 which effects the stirring and which is formed of hollow tubes so as to conduct a coolant for the crystallization process basically comprises a helical shaped tube H which extends coaxially from one end of the container 10 to the other with its coils positioned adjacent the periphery of the container.
  • the rotor also includes radial tubular elements R which extend continuously diametrically across the rotor and are positioned in two rows with the rows apart so that there is a radial heat exchange and stirring member each l80 around the shaft.
  • the rotor further contains axial tubes A which bridge across the ends of the radial tubes R and are connected so that flow is in a zigzag path from one side of the container to the other until a full axial pass is completed. All of the tubular elements are arranged so that the heat exchange coolant flows in a first axial pass from one end of the container to the otherfiin a return axial pass through the helical tubes H, and then in a third axial pass.
  • the flow arrangement is also constructed so that there are two separate circuits flowing through the heat exchange mechanism, one circuit being formed through the hollow shaft 11 and the other circuit being formed through the tubes 12.
  • the shaft is driven in rotation by a driving motor and gear reduction arrangement.
  • the contents of the container are stirred and continued changed exposure between the contents and the heat exchange tubes is effected, and the tubes are so constructed and arranged so that they will have a con centration of area toward the periphery of the container where the greatest concentration of material is found.
  • Suitable supports 25 are provided for mounting the container on a framework or stand.
  • paddles attached to the radial tubes such as shown by the paddle 24.
  • FIGS. 2 through 5 will better illustrate the intricacies of construction of the rotor.
  • the shaft 11 is a hollow cylinder.
  • Barrier plates 26 and 29 are located at the ends so that the center portion of the tube will conduct the thermal transfer fluid, and the deliver line 27 and discharge line 30 are connected through holes in the plates 26 and 29.
  • the lines 27 and 30 are connected to rotary pressure joints not shown. Either cold or hot fluid may be directed through the shaft.
  • Heat transfer fluid for the tubes is delivered at 31, and when it has completed its circulation through the tubes it is discharged as shown at 32 through line 32a.
  • the stream, or heated water can be flowed through either of the circuits in the event of bridging or hardening of the crystallized material on the rotor. This material tends to collect on the shaft so that steam can be directed through the shaft during operation to remove this material without interfering with the flow of heat exchange fluid through the rotor tubes.
  • steam can be directed through the tubes without interfering with the flow of heat exchange fluid through the shaft.
  • the arrangement of the tubes themselves is such that the requirement for separate structural supports is .eliminated. This reduces the chance of sugar buildup between adjacent parts. Small scrapers such as shown at in FIG. 5 may be provided but these are mounted on the tubular rotor and the heat exchange rotor itself provides the supports for these members.
  • the first pass of the heat exchange fluid through the rotor is through a combination'of radial and axial tubes.
  • the heat exchange fluid enters at 31 flowing first radially outwardly in a radial tube 38 and then into an axial tube 39.
  • the fluid then flows into radial tube 33 diametrically across the container and then into axial tube 40, and then into radial tube 34, into axial tube 41, radial tube 35, and axial tube 42.
  • the fluid is thus conducted in a zigzag path from one end of the container to the other and as shown on the righthand side of FIG. 2 after flowing through axial tube 43, flows through radial tube 36,
  • the helical tube 45 can be made of one piece with a wall 45a, FIG. 4, at the end. Flow through the second pass then proceeds helically until the heat exchange fluid reaches the left end of the container. At that point, as shown in FIG. 3, it passes into a radial tube 46 and the helical tube is provided with an end wall 45b.
  • the helical tube 45 and the radial tube 46 are interconnected by merely cutting a generally circular hole in the wall of the tube 45 and welding the end of the tube 46 in place.
  • the radial tubes also perform the function of supports for the helical tubes and the helical tubes can be welded to the ends of the radial tubes to close the ends and flow at the end of the radial tubes passes to the axial tubes.
  • FIG. 5 (FIG. 5 is rotated from the view of FIG. 2).
  • the flow finishes its second pass, and flows into the radial tube 46, it then flows diametrically across the container to flow into an axial tube 47, FIG. 5 (FIG. 5 is rotated from the view of FIG. 2).
  • From the axial tube 47 it flows into another radial tube 48, then to axial tube 49 and again into radial tube 50 following the pattern of the radial and axial tubes in a zigzag path for the full length of the container until the fluid has completed its third pass.
  • the tubes can be made of stainless steel and commercial tubing can be used for a reltively less expensive construction.
  • the major cooling operation takes place at the area of maximum radius where the largest volume distribution of the material to be cooled is located. Further, the axial portions provide good stirring members and with their location and the location of the helical coil out at the inner periphery of the container, effective cooling takes place at that location.
  • the tubes are positioned so that the contents flow over the tube surfaces for greatest change of exposure of heat transfer surface.
  • the structure does not employ cooling through a stationary water jacket on the outside of the tank which has been done heretofore and which is inefficient and expensive and yet the present structure has attained a high capacity.
  • the structure has avoided the use of structural steel for supports for the tubes and scrapers, thus eliminating unsanitary design features.
  • the arrangement of the helical coil with the radial and axial members eliminates the need for a helical sweep conveyor.
  • a spacing of radial members of at least 12 inches apart is possible because of the high cooling efficiency and this minimizes the bridging.
  • the high concentration of cooling within the container without the use of waterjackets eliminates the objectionable sweating due to condensation of cooling members with structures heretofore available.
  • a crystallizer construction for sugar and the like comprising in combination:
  • a crystallizer construction for sugar and the like constructed in accordance with claim 3:
  • a crystallizer construction for sugar and the like comprising in combination,
  • a second fluid conducting circuit independent of the first directing a heat exchange fluid through said tubes so that separate flows may be directed through said circuits.
  • a crystallizer construction for sugar and the like constructed in accordance with claim 6 wherein said tubes include a helical coil extending for the length of the container, radial support tubes mounting the helical coil on the shaft, and axially extending tubes connecting between the ends of said radial tubes with flow through each of the tubes.
  • a crystallizer construction for sugar and the like constructed in accordance with claim 7 wherein said tubes are connected so that fluid flow passes diametrically from one side of the container to the other in a ra dial tube and then through an axial tube to another radial tube to flow diametrically to the other side of the containerfor flow from one end of the container to the other, and said fluid flows through the helical coil back to the first end of the container and then through other radial support tubes diametrically from one side of the container to the other and back to said other end of the container.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
US00188422A 1971-10-12 1971-10-12 Crystallizer Expired - Lifetime US3762947A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18842271A 1971-10-12 1971-10-12

Publications (1)

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US3762947A true US3762947A (en) 1973-10-02

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US00188422A Expired - Lifetime US3762947A (en) 1971-10-12 1971-10-12 Crystallizer

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3762947A (pt)
JP (1) JPS563081B2 (pt)
AR (1) AR196204A1 (pt)
BR (1) BR7207065D0 (pt)
CA (1) CA997671A (pt)
GB (1) GB1402934A (pt)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4074751A (en) * 1974-10-25 1978-02-21 Unice Machine Company Multiflow rotary heat exchanger element
US4139308A (en) * 1976-12-22 1979-02-13 Bison-Werke Bahre & Greten Gmbh & Co. Kg Gluing machine for gluing lignocellulose-containing particles used for producing pressed wood plates
US4378162A (en) * 1979-02-22 1983-03-29 Bracegirdle P E Process for making asphalt concrete
US4395132A (en) * 1979-12-28 1983-07-26 Constructie Werkhuizen Vandekerckhove N.V. Stirring gear with internal heating
US4950493A (en) * 1986-11-26 1990-08-21 Tree Top, Inc. Process for making enzyme inactivated viscous fruit pulp and products therefrom
US5007334A (en) * 1986-11-26 1991-04-16 Tree Top, Inc. Apparatus for making enzyme inactivated viscous fruit pulp and products therefrom
US5182087A (en) * 1990-04-04 1993-01-26 Outokumpu Oy Method for mixing two liquids or liquid and solid material together, and for simultaneously separating another liquid or solid from the liquid
US5207991A (en) * 1990-04-26 1993-05-04 Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen Gmbh Reactor for highly viscous media
US5523064A (en) * 1994-11-02 1996-06-04 Swenson Process Equipment, Inc., A Delaware Corp. Crystallization apparatus
US6047558A (en) * 1997-09-18 2000-04-11 Peerless Machinery Corporation Refrigerated agitator assembly
US20050123321A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-06-09 Buhay-Kettelkamp Wendy S. Electrographic ribbon and method implementing a skive
US20150071026A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2015-03-12 Egm-Holding-International Gmbh Method for emulsion treatment
WO2022053435A1 (de) * 2020-09-09 2022-03-17 EKATO Rühr- und Mischtechnik GmbH Rührorganvorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer rührorganvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5635204Y2 (pt) * 1976-10-15 1981-08-19

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1283645B1 (it) * 1996-08-02 1998-04-23 Enichem Elastomers Manufatti in poliammide e gomma acrilica e procedimento per la loro preparazione

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4074751A (en) * 1974-10-25 1978-02-21 Unice Machine Company Multiflow rotary heat exchanger element
US4139308A (en) * 1976-12-22 1979-02-13 Bison-Werke Bahre & Greten Gmbh & Co. Kg Gluing machine for gluing lignocellulose-containing particles used for producing pressed wood plates
US4378162A (en) * 1979-02-22 1983-03-29 Bracegirdle P E Process for making asphalt concrete
USRE32206E (en) * 1979-02-22 1986-07-15 Process for making asphalt concrete
US4395132A (en) * 1979-12-28 1983-07-26 Constructie Werkhuizen Vandekerckhove N.V. Stirring gear with internal heating
US4950493A (en) * 1986-11-26 1990-08-21 Tree Top, Inc. Process for making enzyme inactivated viscous fruit pulp and products therefrom
US5007334A (en) * 1986-11-26 1991-04-16 Tree Top, Inc. Apparatus for making enzyme inactivated viscous fruit pulp and products therefrom
US5182087A (en) * 1990-04-04 1993-01-26 Outokumpu Oy Method for mixing two liquids or liquid and solid material together, and for simultaneously separating another liquid or solid from the liquid
US5207991A (en) * 1990-04-26 1993-05-04 Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen Gmbh Reactor for highly viscous media
US5523064A (en) * 1994-11-02 1996-06-04 Swenson Process Equipment, Inc., A Delaware Corp. Crystallization apparatus
US6047558A (en) * 1997-09-18 2000-04-11 Peerless Machinery Corporation Refrigerated agitator assembly
US20050123321A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-06-09 Buhay-Kettelkamp Wendy S. Electrographic ribbon and method implementing a skive
US7248823B2 (en) * 2003-09-26 2007-07-24 Eastman Kodak Company Electrographic ribbon and method implementing a skive
US20150071026A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2015-03-12 Egm-Holding-International Gmbh Method for emulsion treatment
US9815034B2 (en) * 2012-04-18 2017-11-14 Egm-Holding-International Gmbh Method for emulsion treatment
WO2022053435A1 (de) * 2020-09-09 2022-03-17 EKATO Rühr- und Mischtechnik GmbH Rührorganvorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer rührorganvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS563081B2 (pt) 1981-01-23
GB1402934A (en) 1975-08-13
AR196204A1 (es) 1973-12-10
CA997671A (en) 1976-09-28
JPS4846566A (pt) 1973-07-03
BR7207065D0 (pt) 1973-08-30

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