US3760592A - Hot-gas engine - Google Patents

Hot-gas engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3760592A
US3760592A US00126591A US3760592DA US3760592A US 3760592 A US3760592 A US 3760592A US 00126591 A US00126591 A US 00126591A US 3760592D A US3760592D A US 3760592DA US 3760592 A US3760592 A US 3760592A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pipes
heater
space
hot
combustion
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00126591A
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English (en)
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G Neelen
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2255/00—Heater tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2255/00—Heater tubes
    • F02G2255/20—Heater fins

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A hot-gas engine with a heater formed by a number of pipes extending in a cylinder form around a space for gases of combustion.
  • An annular element extending at right angles to the cylinder axis is provided between se lected pipes, the element comprising a number of recesses which at least partially surround portions of the pipes with slit-shaped ducts for gases of combustion to flow between the walls of the recesses and the relative pipe parts.
  • the invention relates to a hot-gas engine comprising at least one compression space of variable volume and lower average temperature, and at least one expansion space of likewise variable volume and higher average temperature communicating with the compression space, and with a working gas cycled between these spaces.
  • a cooler, a regenerator and a heater are present in the communication between said spaces, the heater being formed by a number of pipes arranged as a cylinder around a space for combustion gases and extending mainly parallel to the cylinder axis. These pipes are alternately spaced, the first pipes communicating at one end with the regenerator and being in open communication at the other and with the second pipes which communicate with the expansion space via inwardly bent ends.
  • Such a hot-gas engine is known, for example, from Dutch Pat. No. 99,795 and UK. Pat. No. 1,053,052.
  • the hot-gas engine according to the invention is characterized in that at the area where the second pipes are bent inwardly, from the cylinder an annular element extending at right angles to the cylinder axis is arranged between the bent parts of the pipes and the relative parts of the straight first pipes, said element comprising a number of recesses which surround and are spaced from said parts of the first and second pipes, so that slit-shaped flow ducts for gases of combustion are present between the walls of the recesses and the relative pipe parts.
  • the gases of combustion are compelled to flow through the slit-shaped ducts formed between said element and the parts of the first and second pipes. This ensures a good heat transfer between the gases of combustion and said pipe parts, so that in this case the whole pipe length of the heater is used.
  • the heater assumes a temperature which may exceeds 700 C.
  • the annular element is then subjected to a considerable thermal expansion and, dependent upon the connection, to thermal stresses. All this may give rise to difficulties, for example, cracks in the annular element, leakage of the heater pipes, and the like.
  • the annular element in a further favourable embodiment of the hot-gas engine according to the invention is subdivided into a number of separate segments. At the high heater temperatures, each segment will now show a small absolute expansion, which will neither produce large thermal stresses at the area where said segment is secured, nor be of influence on the other segments which, actually, are separated from it.
  • the segments may be connected, for example, to the first or to the second pipes.
  • a sleeve consisting of a heat-conducting material and provided with fins is arranged around each of the ends of the first pipes communicating with the regenerator so as to ensure a good heat transfer between said pipe ends and the gases of combustion flowing past said pipes.
  • the segments and the sleeves form one assembly and are manufactured from the same material.
  • FIGS. 1a and 2a two embodiments of the hot-gas engine according to the invention
  • Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1a denotes a cylinder in which a piston 2 and a displacer 3 can move with a phase difference.
  • the piston 2 and the displacer 3 are connected to a driving mechanism (not shown) by means of a piston rod 4 and a displacer rod 5, respectively.
  • a compression space 6 which communicates with an expansion space 10 above the displacer via a cooler 7, a regenerator 8 and a heater 9.
  • the heater 9 is constituted by a wreath of pipes arranged around a space 1 1 for gases of combustion.
  • Conduit 15 is an exhaust for said gases of combustion.
  • the heater 9 consists of a number of first pipes 16 which communicate at one end the near end 160, with the regenerator 8 and at the other end, the remote end 16b open into an annular duct 17, and a number of second pipes 18, arranged alternately between the first pipes 16 and having a remote end 18b communicating the annular duct 17 with the expansion space 10. For clarity, only two sets of first and second pipes are shown.
  • the hotgases of combustion originating from the burner device flow past the first pipes 16 and second pipes 18 while giving off thermal energy to said pipes and leave the engine via exhaust 15.
  • narrow passages are present so that a good heat transfer is ensured there between the past-flowing gases of combustion and the said pipe parts.
  • a ring 20 is provided which extends at right angles to the vertically extending first pipes 16 and which comprises recesses which surround the lowermost parts of the first pipes 16 and the second pipes 18 partly and with some space from these parts in such manner that slit-shaped flow ducts for gases of combustion are present between the walls of said recesses and the said pipe parts.
  • FIG. lb shows a first pipe 16 and a second pipe 18 in combination with a part of the ring 20.
  • the ring or annular element 20 may, for example, be moulded or punched from sheet material and be provided with recesses after punching.
  • the heater 9 Since during operation of the hot-gas engine the heater 9 assumes a temperature of 700 C or higher, the
  • the ring may be divided into a number of independent segments 20' spaced circumferentially which each have a comparatively small absolute expansion and consequently give hardly rise to material stresses.
  • Such a ring segment may be constructed as is shown in FIG. 1b.
  • FIG. 2a shows a hot-gas engine which generally is similar to that shown in FIG. 1 and in which therefore corresponding components are referred to by the same reference numerals. 1
  • a sleeve 21 of a heat conducting material which is provided with fins is arranged around each of the ends of the first pipes 16 communicating with the regenerator 8.
  • the gases of combustion first flow past the uppermost parts of the first pipes 16 and past second pipes 18, respectively, and then past the lowermost parts or sections 160 of pipes 16, so that a good heat exchange is ensured by the sleeves 21.
  • ring segments 20' are arranged between the bending pipe parts and the relative straight parts of first pipes 16, which segments form one assembly with the sleeves 21 and are manufactured from the same material.
  • FIGS. 2b and 20 show embodiments of such a combination of sleeve-ring segments.
  • the sleeves 21 and the ring segments 20' are constructed as one assembly of the same material, on the one hand the advantage of a comparatively cheap manufacture is obtained, because the combination can, for example, be moulded in one operation. On the other hand, the assembly of the combination instead of the two separate components is time-saving. Since in addition the ring segments are thermally connected to the sleeves, the temperature of said segments during operation of the engine does not rise too high and the danger of corrosion is reduced.
  • the invention provides a hot-gas engine in which the whole available surface area of the heater pipes is efficiently used in the heat transfer of the gases of combustion to the heater of the engine.
  • a hot-gas engine having one variable-volume compression space and one variable-volume expansion space in communication and respectively operable at lower and higher average temperatures, and communicating between said compression and expansion spaces a cooler, a regenerator, and a heater heated by a heating medium and through which flows a working me dium
  • the heater comprising a plurality of first pipes positioned generally parallel to define a cylinder, these pipes having near ends in communication with the regenerator and remote ends, a plurality of second pipes each positioned generally parallel to and between two of said first pipes, the second pipes having remote ends in communication with the remote ends of said first pipes, and having near ends bent inwardly of said cylinder, communicating with said expansion space, and defining an annular space between said near ends of said first and second pipes
  • the heater further comprising a plurality of elements positioned generally in said annular space and spaced from the near ends of said first and second pipes each element separating the near ends of two adjacent first and second pipes and defining a flow duct therebetween for increasing the flow of said heating medium in said ducts
  • annular element comprises a plurality of segments positioned circumferentially.
  • each of said first pipes has a lower section extending from its near end connection with the regenerator to said annular element, said apparatus further comprising a sleeve of heat-conducting material covering each of said lower sections, each sleeve including transverse heatexchange fins.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
US00126591A 1970-04-21 1971-03-22 Hot-gas engine Expired - Lifetime US3760592A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL707005791A NL148377B (nl) 1970-04-21 1970-04-21 Heetgasmotor.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3760592A true US3760592A (en) 1973-09-25

Family

ID=19809912

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00126591A Expired - Lifetime US3760592A (en) 1970-04-21 1971-03-22 Hot-gas engine

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3760592A (forum.php)
JP (1) JPS5148205B1 (forum.php)
BE (1) BE765968A (forum.php)
CA (1) CA937408A (forum.php)
CH (1) CH532190A (forum.php)
DK (1) DK134723B (forum.php)
FR (1) FR2089919A5 (forum.php)
GB (1) GB1346927A (forum.php)
NL (1) NL148377B (forum.php)
NO (1) NO125643B (forum.php)
SE (1) SE361336B (forum.php)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4354352A (en) * 1981-04-15 1982-10-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Catalytic coating to directly generate heat upon the surface of a heat dome
US5012767A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-05-07 Leighton Industries, Inc. Heat exchanger tube spacers
US6205782B1 (en) * 1997-05-23 2001-03-27 Sustainable Engine Systems Ltd. Stirling cycle machine
US9903585B1 (en) * 2014-04-14 2018-02-27 Precision Combustion, Inc. Catalytic burner with utilization chamber

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2534208A (en) * 1948-01-16 1950-12-12 Lummus Co Multiple block baffle construction for multiple tube fluid heaters
US2752897A (en) * 1953-02-03 1956-07-03 Lev A Mekler Multi-coil heater
US2922386A (en) * 1955-11-19 1960-01-26 Degussa Furnace closure
FR74296E (fr) * 1958-10-20 1960-11-07 Babcock & Wilcox France Perfectionnements aux groupes tubulaires d'évaporation et de chauffage de vapeur
US3055349A (en) * 1959-05-11 1962-09-25 Babcock & Wilcox Co Tubular fluid heater and support therefor
US3160145A (en) * 1962-07-20 1964-12-08 Avy L Miller Fluid heater
US3242910A (en) * 1963-07-30 1966-03-29 William A Hale Boiler system
US3492813A (en) * 1967-06-06 1970-02-03 Philips Corp Hot-gas reciprocating engine with cooled rolling diaphragm seal

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2534208A (en) * 1948-01-16 1950-12-12 Lummus Co Multiple block baffle construction for multiple tube fluid heaters
US2752897A (en) * 1953-02-03 1956-07-03 Lev A Mekler Multi-coil heater
US2922386A (en) * 1955-11-19 1960-01-26 Degussa Furnace closure
FR74296E (fr) * 1958-10-20 1960-11-07 Babcock & Wilcox France Perfectionnements aux groupes tubulaires d'évaporation et de chauffage de vapeur
US3055349A (en) * 1959-05-11 1962-09-25 Babcock & Wilcox Co Tubular fluid heater and support therefor
US3160145A (en) * 1962-07-20 1964-12-08 Avy L Miller Fluid heater
US3242910A (en) * 1963-07-30 1966-03-29 William A Hale Boiler system
US3492813A (en) * 1967-06-06 1970-02-03 Philips Corp Hot-gas reciprocating engine with cooled rolling diaphragm seal

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4354352A (en) * 1981-04-15 1982-10-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Catalytic coating to directly generate heat upon the surface of a heat dome
US5012767A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-05-07 Leighton Industries, Inc. Heat exchanger tube spacers
US6205782B1 (en) * 1997-05-23 2001-03-27 Sustainable Engine Systems Ltd. Stirling cycle machine
US9903585B1 (en) * 2014-04-14 2018-02-27 Precision Combustion, Inc. Catalytic burner with utilization chamber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE765968A (fr) 1971-10-19
FR2089919A5 (forum.php) 1972-01-07
DK134723B (da) 1977-01-03
DK134723C (forum.php) 1977-05-31
NO125643B (forum.php) 1972-10-09
DE2114625A1 (de) 1971-11-11
GB1346927A (en) 1974-02-13
CH532190A (de) 1972-12-31
CA937408A (en) 1973-11-27
SE361336B (forum.php) 1973-10-29
DE2114625B2 (de) 1976-01-15
NL7005791A (forum.php) 1971-10-25
NL148377B (nl) 1976-01-15
JPS5148205B1 (forum.php) 1976-12-20

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