US375834A

US375834A - Dental engine

Info

Publication number: US375834A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 1905-01-03

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

H. O. REGISTER.

DENTAL ENGINE.

No. 875,834. Patented Jan S, 1888.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

H. O. REGISTER.

DENTAL ENGINE.

Patented Jan. 3, 1888.

H H I PETERS, Plmloihhogmphon wfl lr UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY O. REGISTER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

DENTAL ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 375,834, dated January 3, 1888.

Application filed May 27, 15!:7.

To (1% whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY O. REGISTER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dental, Surgical, or Mechanical Engines of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates in general to a class of devices which are well known in dentistry, and which also have application both in general surgical practice and in the mechanic arts.

My invention relates more specifically to and embodies certain improvements upon an engine invented by me and patented to me under date of June 21, 1887, in and by United States Letters Patent No. 365,098,to which patent reference is to be made for a more thorough understanding of the features of improvement.

The object of my present invention is the construction of a dental engine adapted to be driven either by pedal or other power, possessing exceptional flexibility, simple and durable in construction, self-sustaining when in use, although adapted to be disposed within smallcompass when not in use, and reversible, that is to say capable of being operated with its arm fore-arm wrist and hand piece upon either side of the standard.

An engine embodying my improvement is represented in the accompanying drawings and described in this specification, the particular subject matter claimed as novel being hereinafter definitely specified.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a View in perspective of a dental engine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary, longitudinal, sectional detail of the jointorhinge in the arm, and of the ferrule operating in connection with saidjoint. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side elevational detail of a portion of the, upper member of the standard, of the pulley head, and of a portion of the arm, the carrier and its applied pair of pulleys nearest to the eye being, for clearer illustration, omitted. Fig. 4 is a central, vertical, sectional elevation of portions of the upper member of the standard, lifting collar, sliding yoke, and lifting rods. Fig. 5 is a side elevational view partly in central longitudinal section, of the hand Serial 1Y0. 239,516. (No model.)

piece and of the casing for containing the driving pulley of said hand piece. Fig. 6 is a perspective view ofthe casing for the driving pulley of the hand piece, and ofa portion ofthe wrist piece to which said casing is connected, the casing being shown without the insertion ofthe inclosing strip of metal, which is shown in place in Figs. 5 and 8. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the pulley easing of Fig. 6 turned at right angles to the position which it occupies in said Fig. 6,which illustrates the mode of insertion of the inclosing' strip of metal. Fig. 8 is a central sectional plan of said pulley casing. Figs. 9 and 10 are edge views of two modified constructions of joints for connecting the arm and fore arm, and the fore-arm and wrist piece of the engine. Fig. 11 is a vertical, central, sectional elevational view of the adjusting nut of the standard, portions of the upper and lower members ofsaid standard being shown in elevation. Fig. 12 is a top plan view of the pulley head represented in Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre sponding parts.

In the drawings, Ais the standard, pedestal, or kindred support, provided with a pedaldriven band wheel aof any preferred construction and mode ofapplication. The pedal b is fulcrumed considerably in advance of its heel proper in the region of theinstep, and is provided with two heel flanges, one h at the heel proper, and one h above the pivot at the instep. By this construction, and according as the operators foot is placed against the one or the other flange, the pedal can be used either as a treading or as an oscillatory pedal device, and the operator by the change of motion be relieved of fatigue. The standard is, for the purpose of its adjustment in length or height, preferably made in two parts or members telescopically related, of which the lower is designated by the letter A and the upper by the letter A*. The upper member A. fits within the lower member A, and is at its lower extremity screw-threaded. The upper extrenr ity of thelower member is conveniently formed with acylindric enlargement a orhead, adapted to be inclosed within an adjusting collar B, for convenient application made in two parts adapted to be united together as represented in Fig. 11. The bore or interior of this collar ICO is conformed to fit the upper extremity ta of the lower member of the standard, and also to closely embrace the threaded lower extremity of the upper member A of said standard, it being internally at its throat threaded for engagement with said threaded upper member.

B is a lock nut upon the threaded portion of the upper member which operates to lock the adjusting collar B in any desired position. The foregoing device is simply one of convenience for eftectuating the vertical adjustment of the standard, and taking the slack out of the driving-cord N.

The upper member of the standard is provided with a standard head or pulley head A which may be of any preferred form, and which is conveniently of the form represented in Figs. 3and 12. This head is rotatable upon the standard, it being connected therewith by aswivel connection a of any preferred construction. To this head is pivoted by the pivot a the arm 0, which is of any desired length, and which at its outer extremity is equipped with fore arm D,the union between said arm and fore-arm being preferably but not necessarily by means of such a hinge or elbow joint as is shown in Fig. 9 and hereinafter described. The arm in proximity to its point of pivotal connection with the standard head or pulley head A is formed with a joint or hinge c, Fig. 2, which permits of the bending down of the arm at thejoint and into parallelism with the standard, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. This joint or hinge c is rigidified at will by the application to the arm of a movable joint ferrule 0 which ordinarily ineloses the joint as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and which requires to be moved from off said joint before the latter becomes operative.

E E are a pair of pulley carriers applied, by means of the pivot pin 6 which passes through the pulley head A'-,one upon each side of said head. Each of these carriers is provided with a pair of pulleys, respectively designated c c and 6 6*. Each carrier with its pair of pulleys is capable of movement with respect to the pivot pin 0 without regard to the movement of the other carrier. In fact the entire device is, in effect, substantially such a jointapplied between the standard and the arm, as the joint described in my patent referred to and applied between the forearm and the wristpiece. It will be observed that the pivot pin a by which the arm is pivoted to the standard head is central with respect to said standard head and in alignment above said standard, and this is to permit of the throwing or fiexure of the arm to either side of said standard, or, for instance, from the position which it is represented in full lines as occupying in Figs. 1 and 3, to the position which itis represented in dotted lines as occupying in said figures. The carriers and their pulleys which are applied to the pulley head act to properly present the driving cord with respect to said arm, whatever be its position.

In order to effect the lifting of the arm from and at their upper extremities passing through holes a formed through the pulley head. The upper extremities of one or the other of these lifting rods comes below the inner extremity of the arm in propinquity to its pivot according as said arm happens to be deflected to the one or the other side of the standard, and the arm therefore rests upon one of said rods. From this relationship of parts it follows that, if the rods are lifted, the rod upon which the arm is resting will serve to raise said arm to an extent proportionate to its own lift or vertical movement, and that if the said rod be maintained at a given height said arm will likewise be maintained at a proportionate height or inclination.

The device to which I resort for raising and lowering the lifting rods is a lifting collar G threaded upon the upper member of the standard and serving as an abutment, stop, or rest for the sliding yoke. Rotation of this collar causes its movement upon the standard and occasions, according to the direction of said movement, the lift or drop of the yoke and lifting rods.

GK is a lock nut applied to the collar G.

H is the wrist piece, or member pivoted to the outer extremity of the forearm, being preferably a solid arm, provided, if desired, with a swivel, and equipped at its outer extremity with a pulley casing K for containing the driving pulley J of the hand piece I, which latter is of any preferred construction.

The joint between the arm and fore arm,and that between the fore-arm and wrist piece, are each equipped or provided witha pair of carriers each carrying a pair of pulleys which may be of the construction represented and described in my application for patent referred to, in which the pivot pin which unites the which the carriers applied to the joint between said members are mounted.

To describe more fully: Figs. 9 and 10 are supposed to represent two slightly different modified constructions of the joint of my former patent-,in Fig. 9 which is preferably an elbowjoint, the arm 0 is not directly pivoted to the forearm D, but both the arm and forearm are pivoted to the respective extremities of a connecting piece L by separate and independent pivots applied to the respective extremities of said connecting piece, while the carriers M M respectively provided with the pulleys an m and m m*, are pivoted upon the central carrier pivot pin I which passes through the connecting piece in a region intermediate between the pivots by which said piece is connected with the arm and fore-arm respectively. Thus again in Fig. 10, which is preferably a wrist-joint, the fore-arm D is pivoted directly to the inner extremity of the wrist piece H, while the carriers are,by means of a separate pivot pin Z passing through the extremital front portion of the fore-arm im mediately to the rear of the pivot pin connecting said forearm with the wrist piece, pivoted directly to said fore-arm. Both of these constructions are simply designed to illustrate the application of the carriers and their pulleys to ajoint for dental engine composed of two arms or members pivoted together, when said carriers are not applied upon the pivot pin uniting or joining said arms or members, and it is apparent that all. of the beneficial results which flow from the joint represented and described in my patent referred to, flow equally from either of the constructions above referred to.

The application of thejoint of Fig. 9 to the elbow of the engine enables me to fold back the forearm upon the pulley head between two clips at thereon into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

The pulley casing K for the driving pulley of the hand piece is conveniently of the form represented in Fig. 6, that is to say it is composed of two parallel disks to which the letters K are applied, permanently connected together by a short segmental web 70, and the said disks are each internallyperipherally pro- Vided with a circumferential groove terminating at one extre1nity-being that upon the left hand of the casing as shown'in Fig. 6, in an abrupt shoulder some short distance from the termination of the segmental web,and at the other extremity running out or through the edge of the disks, as shown at the right hand side of said Fig. 6. Into these grooves is adapted to be entered, as shown in Fig. 7, a circumferential inclosing strip 79* of light metal, preferably slightly curved in section, and this strip is forced completely around through the grooves 70* until the strip completes a circumferential web or wall to said disks as shown in Fig. 8, and completely incases the driving wheel of the hand piece except as to the extent of the openings 70", Fig. 8, through which the cord N passes. This casing with its strip in place constitutes a guard completely enveloping the hand from the action of the driving pulley of the hand piece, and permits of the ready flatwise application or removal of the said driving pulley, as well as of the oiling of its bearings.

The operation of the drivingcord in passing over any one of the joints above described is precisely similar to the operation of the cord with respect to the wrist joint described in my former application, and the flexibility of each joint is equally great.

Such being a description of a dental engine embodying my improvements, its operation will from the foregoing description be suffi ciently understood, while its advantages will be apparent to those familiar with the use of such engines as are now in the market. Suffice it to add that the engine when out of use can be folded to occupy but little space, while when in use the weight of the arm, fore arm,

.and wrist, is practically taken off the hand piece by the action of the lifting rods; while, again, the disposition of the pulleys applied to the head, the elbow, and the wrist, is such that the driving cord falls directly in line with the driving pulley of the hand piece and is invariably properly presented both to said pulley and to the compound-pulleys applied to each of the joints, so that apractically uniform tension without the liability of either slipping or binding is secured; while, finally, the application of the arm to the standard is such that both the arm and all its connections from the elbow down can be turned to either side of the standard and operated with equal effect, and without slackening or adjusting the cord, upon either side.

I am aware that the arm of a dental engine has been applied to the standard in such manner as to permit of the free revolution of the flexible arm with respect to the standard, and

to such aconstruction,in which the complete throw or flexure of the arm up into alignment with the standard before the subsequent dropping of said arm upon either side of said standard into parallelism with it, is impossible,I lay no claim; the pivotal application of the arm of my engine to the standard being such that the arm can be thrown up into vertical alignment with the standard, and then from such position dropped to either side of said standard.

Having thus described my invention I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:-

1. In a dental engine, the combination of a standard or kindred support, a rotatable pulley head provided with two pairs of pulleys, an arm pivoted to said pulley head upon a pivot independent of the pivots of the pulleys and in line with the standard so as to be adapted to be thrown up into vertical alignment with said standard and from such-position to be flexed to either side of said standard and head, a hand piece, and a single continuous endless driving cord, substantially as set forth.

2. In a dental engine, the combination ofa standard or kindred support, a pulley head applied to said standard or support,an arm pivoted to said pulley head and adapted to be thrown or flexed to either side of said head and standard, and two carriers each provided with a pair of pulleys and pivoted to said pulley head, substantially as set forth.

3. Ina dental engine, the combination with ICC a standard or kindred support, of a pulleyhead applied to said standard or support, an arm pivoted to said pulley head and adapted to be thrown or flexed to either side of said head and standard, and a lifting device applied to said standard and operative upon the arm for raising and lowering and maintaining said arm in given positions, substantially as set forth.

4. In a dental engine, the combination with a standard or kindred support, of a pulley head applied to said standard or support, an arm pivoted to said pulley head andI-adapted to be thrown or flexed to either side of said head andstandard, two carriers each provided with a pair of pulleys and pivoted to said pulley head, and a lifting device applied to said standard for raising and lowering said arm, substantially as set forth.

5. In a dental engine, the combination of a standard or kindred support, a pulley head applied to said standard or support, an arm pivoted to said pulley head and adapted to be thrown or flexed to either side of said head or standard, apair of lifting rods vertically movable with respect to said standard and head, and suitable means for occasioning the lift or drop of said lifting rods, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a dental engine, the combination of a standard or kindred support, a pulley head applied to said standard or support, an arm pivoted to said pulley head and adapted to be thrown or flexed to either side of said head or standard, two carriers each provided with a pair of pulleys and pivoted to said pulley head, a pair of lifting rods vertically movable with respect to said standard or head, and suitable means for occasioning the lift or drop of said lifting rods, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In a dental engine, the combination with a standard or kindred support, of a pulley head applied to said standard or support, an arm pivoted to said pulley head adapted to be thrown or flexed to either side of said standard and head and provided with a joint in propinquity to its point of application to said pulley head, and a ferrule movable upon said arm to render said joint rigid at will, substantially as set forth.

8. Ajoint for a dental engine, composed of two arms or members pivoted together and of two carriers each provided with a pair of pulleys and pivoted upon a pivot pin distinct from that uniting said arms or members but adjacent thereto, substantially as set forth.

9. In combination with the hand piece of a dental engine, a pulley casing for inelosing the driving pulley of said hand piece composed of two disks connected both with said hand piece and with the wrist piece of the engine and having opposite peripheral grooves, and a strip of metal introduced into said grooves to form a segmental peripheral wall or web to said disks, as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have'hereunto signed my name this 2lth day of May, A. D. 1887. HENRY O. REGISTER. In presence of J. BONSALL TAYLOR, WM. 0. STRAW'BRIDGE.