US3758335A - Rendering hydrophobic fibers fire retardant and dye receptive - Google Patents

Rendering hydrophobic fibers fire retardant and dye receptive Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3758335A
US3758335A US00166248A US3758335DA US3758335A US 3758335 A US3758335 A US 3758335A US 00166248 A US00166248 A US 00166248A US 3758335D A US3758335D A US 3758335DA US 3758335 A US3758335 A US 3758335A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
dye
polyester
dyed
fibers
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00166248A
Inventor
S Bergman
R Pews
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Chemical Co
Original Assignee
Dow Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Chemical Co filed Critical Dow Chemical Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3758335A publication Critical patent/US3758335A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/152Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen having a hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/64General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
    • D06P1/651Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/65106Oxygen-containing compounds
    • D06P1/65131Compounds containing ether or acetal groups
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/34Material containing ester groups
    • D06P3/36Material containing ester groups using dispersed dyestuffs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y10S428/921Fire or flameproofing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/921Cellulose ester or ether
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/922Polyester fiber
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/924Polyamide fiber
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/929Carpet dyeing

Definitions

  • Polyester, cellulose triacetate, and polyamide fibers are made fire-retardant by contacting with an aqueous dispersion of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol.
  • This compound also functions as a dye assistant for polyester and cellulose triacetate and can be used in an aqueous dyebath to serve both purposes for those fibers.
  • the treated fibers are resistant to loss of the brominated compound during laundering and dry cleaning processes.
  • the present invention relates to the use in polyester, nylon, and cellulose triacetate fibers of a novel fire retardant agent which also imparts dye receptivity to the treated polyester and triacetate fibers.
  • the invention also relates to the fibers treated by the new process.
  • Fabrics and fibers of polyester or cellulose triacetate are ordinarily dyed with so-called disperse dyes which act by incorporation of the dye molecules directly into the fiber structure to form a solid solution.
  • these fibers are treated with a dye assistant prior to or in the course of the dyeing process.
  • the dye assistant functions by swelling the fiber and so facilitating uniform absorption of the dye.
  • the dye assistant is incorporated into the aqueous dyebath and the fiber or fabric is treated simultaneously with both the dye assistant and the dyestulf.
  • Typical dye assistants are biphenyl, salol, o-phenylphenol, trichlorobenzzene, benzoic acid, and methyl 'salicylate.
  • Nylon fibers are also dyed with disperse dyes as well as a number of other types.
  • disperse dyes as well as a number of other types.
  • the dyeing process is adjusted to the particular polymer by the type of dye used, pH of the dyebath, and so on rather than by use of a dye assistant.
  • the dyed fiber is subjected to a hot scour to remove surface deposits of color and most of the dye assistant.
  • the last traces of dye assistant are usually removed by a short heat treatment. Removal of essentially all of the dye assistant-s conventionally used is desirable, because most of these known substances adversely affect light-fastness if left in the dyed material.
  • the prior art dye assistants may also adversely affect physical properties of the fiber, impart an undesirable odor, or have other such deleterious effects if not removed.
  • Additives to the polymer physically mixed with or incorporated chemically into the polymer usually detract seriously from the properties of the polymer fiber so that while the fire-retarding effect may be relatively permanent, the fiber is often more brittle, of lower tensile strength, or with less resistance to oxidative degradation.
  • this invention is used in the process for dyeing a polyester or cellulose triacetate fiber with a disperse dye wherein the fiber is made both dye-receptive and fire-retardant by contacting the fiber with 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol which then functions both as a fire retardant agent and as a dye assistant.
  • This is best accomplished by contacting the fiber or fabric with a hot aqueous dyebath containing the disperse dye and other additives conventionally used in the dyeing process together with about 5-20 percent based on the weight of fiber of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol as the dye assistant.
  • the invention is, of course, used in a similar manner for polyamide fibers or fabric. In this case, the brominated additive serves only to make the nylon fire-retardant.
  • the fiber contains about 3-15 percent by weight of the brominated compound and it is thereby rendered substantially and permanently more resistant to burning.
  • Carpeting, for example, treated or dyed by this process will pass the so-called tablet test (DOC FFI-70).
  • the brominated compound is an eflicient dye assistant as well as an effective and essentially permanent fire retardant additive and the dyed fabrics have the same depth of shade as materials dyed in the same way using a conventional dye assistant such as biphenyl.
  • a special advantage of the tribromophenoxyethanol is that the light-fastness and physical properties of fibers dyed by this process are not affected.
  • the dyed material has no undesirable odor and its physical appearance is the same as that dyed by conventional processes.
  • a particular and surprising advantage of the present invention when used in the dyeing process is the fact that the 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol not only need not be removed from the dyed material, but it is actually so firmly held in the fiber that it is highly resistant to loss during laundering or dry cleaning operations.
  • the scour step following the dyeing process can thus either be eliminated entirely or modified to a briefer or milder treatment for removing surface color only.
  • This new dye assistant and/or fire retardant can be used with any of the disperse dyes used to dye polyester, polyamide, and cellulose triacetate fibers. It can be used either as the sole dye assistant in the dyeing process or in combination with a conventional dye assistant such as biphenyl with fibers where a dye assistant is needed.
  • disperse dyes are C.I. (Color Index) Dis- 3 perse Red 1, Cl. Disperse Blue 55, Cl. Disperse Red 60, Cl. Disperse Yellow 23, and Cl. Disperse Red 55.
  • polyester is used herein in its usual sense to mean highly polymeric, essentially linear and saturated polyester resins made by the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid or ester with a diol in the presence of an esterification or ester interchange catalyst.
  • dicarboxylic acids are malonic, succinic, adipic, azelaic, hydromuconic, isophthalic, terephthalic, and cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids.
  • Representative diols are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, and 1,6-hexanediol.
  • the common commercial polymer resins are polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate modified by inclusion of minor proportions of a different glycol or dicarboxylic acid during the polyesterification process.
  • the polyester used in the examples was polyethylene terephthalate.
  • Cellulose triacetate is used in its conventional sense to mean the fully esterified material where there has been little or no hydrolysis of the acetate groups on the cellulose molecule.
  • polyamide is also used in its conventional sense as a generic name for long chain synthetic polyamides where recurring amide groups form an integral part of the polymer chain.
  • nylon is often used to mean the same thing. Examples are nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 7, and nylon 11.
  • Example 1 An aqueous bath was made up to contain 10% 2-(2,4,6- tribromophenoxy)ethanol and 0.5% NaH PO all based on the weight of fiber, and 0.2 g./-liter of Triton X-100. The ratio of bath liquor to fabric was about 30:1. Samples of polyester cloth were put in the bath at 75 C., the bath was heated to boiling in 15 minutes and the fabric left in the boiling bath for 1 hour. The treated fabric was then rinsed and dried.
  • the treated fabric retained about 6% by weight of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol and had substantially reduced flammability as compared to the untreated material.
  • Example 2 An aqueous dyebath was made up to contain 2% Cl. Disperse Blue 55, 10% 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) etha- 1101, and 0.5% NaH P all based on the weight of fiber dyed, and 0.2 g. per liter of Triton X-100.
  • the ratio of dyebath liquor to fabric was about 30: 1. Samples of polyester cloth and polyester carpeting were put in the bath at 75 C., the bath was heated to boiling in 15 minutes, and the fabrics were left in the boiling bath for one hour. The dyed fabrics were then rinsed and dried.
  • the dyed fabrics had the same depth of shade as samples dyed in the usual way with biphenyl or other conventional dye carriers.
  • the fabrics also retained about 6% by weight of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol and had substantially reduced flammability as compared to the undyed materials.
  • Example 3 Strips of the dyed cloth from Example 2 were compared for flammability with strips of the original cloth using a test wherein a strip of cloth is held in a semicircular arc with the two ends extending downwardly and one of the ends is ignited. The length of the burn to the point where the flame goes out is then a relative measure of flammability. By this test, the flammability of the dyed cloth was only about 50% of that of the undyed material.
  • Example 4 Samples of conventionally dyed polyester carpet and similar carpet dyed by this process and containing about 6% by weight of 2-(2,4,6tribromophenoxy)ethanol are compared for flammability using the standard tablet test (DOC PEI-).
  • the carpet dyed by this process easily passes the test, the burned area being only about 1 inch in diameter whereas the conventionally dyed carpet sample is entirely consumed.
  • conventionally dyed polyester fabric is made resistant to burning by contacting it with an aqueous dispersion of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)- ethanol otherwise similar to the aqueous dyebath described in Example 2.
  • a process for making a polyester, cellulose triacetate or polyamide fiber fire-retardant by contacting said fiber with a hot aqueous bath having dispersed therein a fireretarding concentration of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)- ethanol.

Abstract

POLYESTER, CELLULOSE TRIACETATE, AND POLYAMIDE FIBERS ARE MADE FIRE-RETARDANT BY C ONTACTING WITH AN AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF 2-(2,4,6-TRIBROMOPHENOXY)ETHANOL. THIS COMPOUND ALSO FUNCTIONS AS A DYE ASSISTANT FOR POLYESTER AND CELLULOSE TRIACETATE AND CAN BE USED IN AN AQUEOUS DYEBATH TO SERVE BOTH PURPOSES FOR THOSE FIBERS. THE TREATED FIBERS ARE RESISTANT TO LOSS OF T HE BROMINATED COMPOUND DURING LAUNDERING AND DRY CLEANING PROCESSES.

Description

United States Patent '1 Patented Sept. 11, 1973 3,758,335 RENDERING HYDROPHOBIC FIBERS FIRE RETARDANT AND DYE RECEPTIVE Sylvester Bergman and Richard Garth Pews, Midland,
Mich., assignors to The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich.
N Drawing. Filed July 26, 1971, Ser. No. 166,248
Int. Cl. (309d 5/18 US. Cl. 117136 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Polyester, cellulose triacetate, and polyamide fibers are made fire-retardant by contacting with an aqueous dispersion of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol. This compound also functions as a dye assistant for polyester and cellulose triacetate and can be used in an aqueous dyebath to serve both purposes for those fibers. The treated fibers are resistant to loss of the brominated compound during laundering and dry cleaning processes.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the use in polyester, nylon, and cellulose triacetate fibers of a novel fire retardant agent which also imparts dye receptivity to the treated polyester and triacetate fibers. The invention also relates to the fibers treated by the new process.
Fabrics and fibers of polyester or cellulose triacetate are ordinarily dyed with so-called disperse dyes which act by incorporation of the dye molecules directly into the fiber structure to form a solid solution. In order to facilitate this process, these fibers are treated with a dye assistant prior to or in the course of the dyeing process. According to one theory, the dye assistant functions by swelling the fiber and so facilitating uniform absorption of the dye. Usually, the dye assistant is incorporated into the aqueous dyebath and the fiber or fabric is treated simultaneously with both the dye assistant and the dyestulf. Typical dye assistants are biphenyl, salol, o-phenylphenol, trichlorobenzzene, benzoic acid, and methyl 'salicylate.
Nylon fibers are also dyed with disperse dyes as well as a number of other types. However, since polyamides are relatively receptive to dyes, the dyeing process is adjusted to the particular polymer by the type of dye used, pH of the dyebath, and so on rather than by use of a dye assistant.
After the dyeing process, the dyed fiber is subjected to a hot scour to remove surface deposits of color and most of the dye assistant. The last traces of dye assistant are usually removed by a short heat treatment. Removal of essentially all of the dye assistant-s conventionally used is desirable, because most of these known substances adversely affect light-fastness if left in the dyed material. The prior art dye assistants may also adversely affect physical properties of the fiber, impart an undesirable odor, or have other such deleterious effects if not removed.
In recent years there has developed an increasing urgency toward making textile fabrics more resistant to burning. This has been done by a surface treatment of the dyed fabric with one or more fire-retardant chemicals and it has also been done by incorporating a fire-retardant compound into a polymer fiber as a plasticizer or merely as an additive. Fire-retardant monomers have been copolymerized into the polymer structure to obtain this effect. However, all of these methods are subject to characteristic disadvantages. Surface treatment of a fabric usually has only a temporary effect and the fire-retardant chemical is rapidly lost when the fabric is laundered or dry cleaned. Additives to the polymer physically mixed with or incorporated chemically into the polymer usually detract seriously from the properties of the polymer fiber so that while the fire-retarding effect may be relatively permanent, the fiber is often more brittle, of lower tensile strength, or with less resistance to oxidative degradation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has now been found that essentially permanent fire retardant properties are imparted to polyester, polyamide, and cellulose triacetate fibers when these fibers are contacted with an aqueous bath having dispersed therein a fire-retarding concentration of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethanol.
Preferably, this invention is used in the process for dyeing a polyester or cellulose triacetate fiber with a disperse dye wherein the fiber is made both dye-receptive and fire-retardant by contacting the fiber with 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol which then functions both as a fire retardant agent and as a dye assistant. This is best accomplished by contacting the fiber or fabric with a hot aqueous dyebath containing the disperse dye and other additives conventionally used in the dyeing process together with about 5-20 percent based on the weight of fiber of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol as the dye assistant. The invention is, of course, used in a similar manner for polyamide fibers or fabric. In this case, the brominated additive serves only to make the nylon fire-retardant.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION When treated or dyed by this process as described, the fiber contains about 3-15 percent by weight of the brominated compound and it is thereby rendered substantially and permanently more resistant to burning. Carpeting, for example, treated or dyed by this process will pass the so-called tablet test (DOC FFI-70). The brominated compound is an eflicient dye assistant as well as an effective and essentially permanent fire retardant additive and the dyed fabrics have the same depth of shade as materials dyed in the same way using a conventional dye assistant such as biphenyl.
A special advantage of the tribromophenoxyethanol is that the light-fastness and physical properties of fibers dyed by this process are not affected. The dyed material has no undesirable odor and its physical appearance is the same as that dyed by conventional processes.
A particular and surprising advantage of the present invention when used in the dyeing process is the fact that the 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol not only need not be removed from the dyed material, but it is actually so firmly held in the fiber that it is highly resistant to loss during laundering or dry cleaning operations. The scour step following the dyeing process can thus either be eliminated entirely or modified to a briefer or milder treatment for removing surface color only.
The advantageous combination of properties appears to be unique to 2-(2,4,6-tribromohenoxy)ethanol. Other closely related brominated compounds such as (pentabromophenoxy)ethanol and 2 (2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-2- propanol lack one or more of the necessary features such as the required amount of solubility in water, a suitably high melting point so as to avoid spotting and uneven treatment of the fiber, and ability to make the fiber dyereceptive and so act as a dye assistant or carrier in the aqueous disperse dye bath in the case of polyester and cellulose triacetate fibers.
This new dye assistant and/or fire retardant can be used with any of the disperse dyes used to dye polyester, polyamide, and cellulose triacetate fibers. It can be used either as the sole dye assistant in the dyeing process or in combination with a conventional dye assistant such as biphenyl with fibers where a dye assistant is needed. Some representative. disperse dyes are C.I. (Color Index) Dis- 3 perse Red 1, Cl. Disperse Blue 55, Cl. Disperse Red 60, Cl. Disperse Yellow 23, and Cl. Disperse Red 55.
The term polyester is used herein in its usual sense to mean highly polymeric, essentially linear and saturated polyester resins made by the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid or ester with a diol in the presence of an esterification or ester interchange catalyst. Illustrative dicarboxylic acids are malonic, succinic, adipic, azelaic, hydromuconic, isophthalic, terephthalic, and cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids. Representative diols are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, and 1,6-hexanediol. The common commercial polymer resins are polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate modified by inclusion of minor proportions of a different glycol or dicarboxylic acid during the polyesterification process. The polyester used in the examples was polyethylene terephthalate.
Cellulose triacetate is used in its conventional sense to mean the fully esterified material where there has been little or no hydrolysis of the acetate groups on the cellulose molecule.
The term polyamide is also used in its conventional sense as a generic name for long chain synthetic polyamides where recurring amide groups form an integral part of the polymer chain. The term nylon is often used to mean the same thing. Examples are nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 7, and nylon 11.
Example 1 An aqueous bath was made up to contain 10% 2-(2,4,6- tribromophenoxy)ethanol and 0.5% NaH PO all based on the weight of fiber, and 0.2 g./-liter of Triton X-100. The ratio of bath liquor to fabric was about 30:1. Samples of polyester cloth were put in the bath at 75 C., the bath was heated to boiling in 15 minutes and the fabric left in the boiling bath for 1 hour. The treated fabric was then rinsed and dried.
The treated fabric retained about 6% by weight of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol and had substantially reduced flammability as compared to the untreated material.
Comparable results are obtained when nylon or cellulose triacetate cloth is substituted for the polyester cloth used above.
Example 2 An aqueous dyebath was made up to contain 2% Cl. Disperse Blue 55, 10% 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) etha- 1101, and 0.5% NaH P all based on the weight of fiber dyed, and 0.2 g. per liter of Triton X-100. The ratio of dyebath liquor to fabric was about 30: 1. Samples of polyester cloth and polyester carpeting were put in the bath at 75 C., the bath was heated to boiling in 15 minutes, and the fabrics were left in the boiling bath for one hour. The dyed fabrics were then rinsed and dried.
The dyed fabrics had the same depth of shade as samples dyed in the usual way with biphenyl or other conventional dye carriers. The fabrics also retained about 6% by weight of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol and had substantially reduced flammability as compared to the undyed materials.
Example 3 Strips of the dyed cloth from Example 2 were compared for flammability with strips of the original cloth using a test wherein a strip of cloth is held in a semicircular arc with the two ends extending downwardly and one of the ends is ignited. The length of the burn to the point where the flame goes out is then a relative measure of flammability. By this test, the flammability of the dyed cloth was only about 50% of that of the undyed material.
Comparable results are obtained when nylon or cellulose triacetate cloth is substituted for the polyester cloth used in Examples 2 and 3. The triacetate cloth requires a slightly higher bromine content to have the same level of resistance to burning.
Example 4 Samples of conventionally dyed polyester carpet and similar carpet dyed by this process and containing about 6% by weight of 2-(2,4,6tribromophenoxy)ethanol are compared for flammability using the standard tablet test (DOC PEI-). The carpet dyed by this process easily passes the test, the burned area being only about 1 inch in diameter whereas the conventionally dyed carpet sample is entirely consumed. Similarly, conventionally dyed polyester fabric is made resistant to burning by contacting it with an aqueous dispersion of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)- ethanol otherwise similar to the aqueous dyebath described in Example 2.
We claim:
1. A process for making a polyester, cellulose triacetate or polyamide fiber fire-retardant by contacting said fiber with a hot aqueous bath having dispersed therein a fireretarding concentration of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)- ethanol.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the aqueous bath contains about 5-20 percent based on the weight of fiber of 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethanol.
3. A fire-retardant polyamide fiber having dispersed therein about 315 percent by weight of 2-(2,4,6-tribrornophenoxy)ethanol.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,754,324 7/1956 Brust et al. 260613 D 3,600,219 8/1971 Reuter et al. 1l7136 3,642,525 2/1972 Chapin 117136 WILLIAM D. MARTIN, Primary Examiner T. G. DAVIS, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
US00166248A 1971-07-26 1971-07-26 Rendering hydrophobic fibers fire retardant and dye receptive Expired - Lifetime US3758335A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16624871A 1971-07-26 1971-07-26
US00332321A US3816072A (en) 1971-07-26 1973-02-14 Polyester dyeing assisted by 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-ethanol

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3758335A true US3758335A (en) 1973-09-11

Family

ID=26862101

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00166248A Expired - Lifetime US3758335A (en) 1971-07-26 1971-07-26 Rendering hydrophobic fibers fire retardant and dye receptive
US00332321A Expired - Lifetime US3816072A (en) 1971-07-26 1973-02-14 Polyester dyeing assisted by 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-ethanol

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00332321A Expired - Lifetime US3816072A (en) 1971-07-26 1973-02-14 Polyester dyeing assisted by 2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-ethanol

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US3758335A (en)
AU (1) AU4419772A (en)
BE (1) BE786772A (en)
CA (1) CA965557A (en)
DE (1) DE2234753A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2147084B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1381014A (en)
NL (1) NL7209910A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4600606A (en) * 1979-04-18 1986-07-15 White Chemical Corporation Process for rendering non-thermoplastic fibrous materials flame resistant to molten materials by application thereto of a flame resistant composition, and related articles and compositions
US4623583A (en) * 1979-04-18 1986-11-18 White Chemical Corporation Flame retardant textile fabrics
US5211720A (en) * 1986-06-06 1993-05-18 Burlington Industries, Inc. Dyeing and flame-retardant treatment for synthetic textiles
US20080096789A1 (en) * 2004-09-23 2008-04-24 Batchelor Stephen N Laundry Treatment Composition
US20090044846A1 (en) * 2004-10-20 2009-02-19 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh Lighting device for a water-bearing domestic appliance
US20090223003A1 (en) * 2004-09-23 2009-09-10 Stephen Norman Batchelor Laundry treatment compositions
US20090286709A1 (en) * 2007-01-19 2009-11-19 Eugene Steven Sadlowski Novel whitening agents for cellulosic substrates
US9856439B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2018-01-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Thiophene azo dyes and laundry care compositions containing the same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3617211A (en) * 1969-07-08 1971-11-02 Allied Chem Phenyl glycol and short-chain halogenated hydrocarbon dye composition

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4623583A (en) * 1979-04-18 1986-11-18 White Chemical Corporation Flame retardant textile fabrics
US4600606A (en) * 1979-04-18 1986-07-15 White Chemical Corporation Process for rendering non-thermoplastic fibrous materials flame resistant to molten materials by application thereto of a flame resistant composition, and related articles and compositions
US5211720A (en) * 1986-06-06 1993-05-18 Burlington Industries, Inc. Dyeing and flame-retardant treatment for synthetic textiles
US8268016B2 (en) 2004-09-23 2012-09-18 The Sun Products Corporation Laundry treatment compositions
US20080096789A1 (en) * 2004-09-23 2008-04-24 Batchelor Stephen N Laundry Treatment Composition
US20090223003A1 (en) * 2004-09-23 2009-09-10 Stephen Norman Batchelor Laundry treatment compositions
US8715369B2 (en) 2004-09-23 2014-05-06 The Sun Products Corporation Laundry treatment compositions
US20090044846A1 (en) * 2004-10-20 2009-02-19 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh Lighting device for a water-bearing domestic appliance
US8247364B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2012-08-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Whitening agents for cellulosic substrates
US8367598B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2013-02-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Whitening agents for cellulosic subtrates
US8703688B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2014-04-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Whitening agents for cellulosic substrates
US20090286709A1 (en) * 2007-01-19 2009-11-19 Eugene Steven Sadlowski Novel whitening agents for cellulosic substrates
US10526566B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2020-01-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Whitening agents for cellulosic substrates
US11198838B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2021-12-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Whitening agents for cellulosic substrates
US9856439B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2018-01-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Thiophene azo dyes and laundry care compositions containing the same
US10435651B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2019-10-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Thiophene azo dyes and laundry care compositions containing the same
US10655091B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2020-05-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Thiophene azo dyes and laundry care compositions containing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2147084B1 (en) 1974-10-04
BE786772A (en) 1973-01-26
US3816072A (en) 1974-06-11
NL7209910A (en) 1973-01-30
FR2147084A1 (en) 1973-03-09
DE2234753A1 (en) 1973-02-08
AU4419772A (en) 1974-01-10
CA965557A (en) 1975-04-08
GB1381014A (en) 1975-01-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4752300A (en) Dyeing and fire retardant treatment for nomex
US3616183A (en) Polyester sheath-core conjugate filaments
US3658634A (en) Fire-retardant sheath and core type conjugate fiber
US3775165A (en) Polymers of improved flame retardance
US3758335A (en) Rendering hydrophobic fibers fire retardant and dye receptive
US4842609A (en) Flame retardant treatments for polyester/cotton fabrics
US3749600A (en) Fire-retardant and dye-receptive synthetic fibers
US3656991A (en) Process of treating water swellable cellulosic materials
US3630662A (en) Process of dyeing shaped condensation polymer material in heated two-phase dye liquid
US3749599A (en) Process for treating synthetic fiber with a fire retardant and the treated fiber
US3970635A (en) Fire retardant polyester fibers
US4309560A (en) Modifier for fibers or fibrous structures
US2848296A (en) Process for the basic dyeing of vinylidene cyanide interpolymers
US3616473A (en) Dyeing-assistants for synthetic fibers
US2347001A (en) Dyeing cellulose esters
US3836327A (en) Aromatic alcohol-aromatic aldehyde carrier dyeing of aromatic polyamides
US3436250A (en) Method for retaining flame and soil resistances to fabrics
US3952128A (en) Durable antistatic agent, hydrophobic fibers and fibrous structures having durable antistatic property and method of making same
US3729340A (en) Flame retardant polyester-acetate fabric
US3993442A (en) Anionic dyeing of novoloid fibers
US3330893A (en) Method for increasing the dyeability of filamentary material
US3650663A (en) Method for treating synthetic linear polyesters fibers and film in the vapor phase to improve the dyeability and to heat set said polyesters
US5211720A (en) Dyeing and flame-retardant treatment for synthetic textiles
US3942947A (en) Dyeing novoloid fibers with disperse dyes
JP3192015B2 (en) Pile fabric