US3758263A - Fluid-fuel burners - Google Patents

Fluid-fuel burners Download PDF

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Publication number
US3758263A
US3758263A US00203955A US3758263DA US3758263A US 3758263 A US3758263 A US 3758263A US 00203955 A US00203955 A US 00203955A US 3758263D A US3758263D A US 3758263DA US 3758263 A US3758263 A US 3758263A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tunnel
burner
fuel
injection system
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00203955A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Kissel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heurtey SA
Original Assignee
Heurtey SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heurtey SA filed Critical Heurtey SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3758263A publication Critical patent/US3758263A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A fluid-fuel burner having an annular injection system wherein the oxidant is caused to undergo a forced rotation and the fuel is fed to thecenter-of the injected oxidant.
  • the injection system is positioned at the entrance of a tunnel which is initially divergent and thereafter cylindrical over a length between 0.5 and 1 times the tunnel diameter.
  • the cylindrical portion being followed by a passage of evolutive section at least one-half of which has walls converging up to an outlet formed by a pseudo-rectangular slit at least one of the smaller sides of which is joined to the corresponding tunnel surface by a convex rounded portion.
  • the flame develops radially along the divergent tunnel through the burner, in a plane at right angles to the axis thereof.
  • the disadvantage of such a system resides in the fact that the developed flame is not invariably flat at different combustion rates. At slow rates, the flame may separate from the wall and become spheroidal, and when the surface of the product to be heated lies near a burner outlet, the product may be overheated at that particular place.
  • the present invention has principally for its object to overcome this danger and ensure satisfactory operation at all heat output rates.
  • the invention accordingly relates to a fluid-fuel burner, characterized by the fact that it comprises an.
  • annular air injection system whereby to cause the oxidant to undergo a forced rotation, which gyratorily injected air has the fuel fed into it from the centre through metering and distributing orifices which allow achieving a mixture adequate to ensure rapid combustion, said injection system beng positioned at the entrance to a tunnel which is initially divergent and thereafter cylindrical over a length included between 0.5 and 1 times the diameter of the tunnel, said cylindrical portion being followed by a passage of changing shape, at least one-half of which has convergent walls leading to an outlet formed by a pseudo-rectangular slit the smaller side of which reaches up to the tunnel surface extension through the medium of a rounded convex portion.
  • the field of application of a burner according to this invention is that of direct wall heating, the flat flame flattening itself against the wall over a large contact area, thereby to develop uniform high temperatures.
  • FIG. 1 shows a burner according to the invention in axial section with a partial central cutaway
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are sections taken through the lines Illl and IIIIII respectively of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of said burner.
  • the burner comprises a central tube 1 for housing a pilot burner therein (not shown), surrounded by a gas delivery tube 2, whereby the gas flows through the annular clearance between the tubes 1 and 2.
  • the tube 2 accordingly comprises a connection point 3 ahead of a flange 4 adapted to be secured to a supporting plate 5 fitted over a gasket and bolted to the face 6 of a furnace.
  • Tube 2 passes through a sleeve 7 fast with flange 5 and is surrounded by a ring 8 which is made of refractory material and is in turn surrounded by the end of a liner 9.
  • the liner 9 is surrounded by a refractory ring l0 enclosed in an outer jacket 11.
  • Sleeve 7, liner 9 and jacket 11 have their end sections welded against flange 5.
  • Liner 9 is secured by worm screws 12 over the stub of an air distributor 13 formed with a circle of calibrated holes 14 uniformly spaced from the burner axis and fonning an angle to the direction thereof.
  • the central bore 15 of distributor 13 has extending therethrough a stub 16 screwed to tube 2.
  • stub surrounds a hollow nosepiece 17 screwed to tube I, which tube comprises spacers l8 proximate the junction for locating said tube within tube 2.
  • Nosepiece 17 spigots into stub 16 with slight clearance through the agency of a reinforced head which, in the rear wall of this hollow reinforcement, embodies nozzles 19 which converge slightly towards the internal annular chamber 20 of said head.
  • Stub l6 and nosepiece l7 protrude slightly forward of the rear face of distributor 13, into a tunnel 22.
  • the outer region of the distributor accordingly com prises, in addition to a seal 23 applied against the wall 24 of the burner housing, into the thickness of the furnace wall, a ring of studs 25 for restraining a surrounding shell 26 provided internally with means 27 for fastening into a moulded refractory lining 28 forming a flame guiding and shaping tunnel.
  • this tunnel includes a cylindrical portion 29 followed by a frusto-conical section 32 which is joined to the entry of cylindrical section 31 having a length included between 0.5 and I times the diameter of the divergent outlet.
  • Cylindrical section 31 is succeeded by an evolutive convergent section 32, one-half of which is formed with parallel edges that are extensions of the generatrixed of cylindrical section 31, and the other half of which is a convergent section, whereby to ultimately extend up to an elongated rectangular outlet 33.
  • the non-convergent section is extended in a straight line along the contour 34 up to the outlet through the rectangular slit 33 in the front face 35 of the tunnel, whereas the opposite edge is faced by a rounded divergent section 36.
  • the two smaller edges of the rectangular slit could be formed with symmetrical or asymmetrical rounded portions 36.
  • Operation of the system hereinbefore described is based on admission of gas through the connection 3 and admission of air through the conduit 24a which leads the air to the periphery of liner 9 through the wall of the heated chamber.
  • the air enters this liner surrounding tube 2 through a series of holes suitably arranged in adjacent rings 9a and 9b, ahead of refractory supports 8 and 10.
  • An igniter 37 sealingly extends through flange 4, flange 5 and distributor 13, along the length of tube 2, in such manner that its active igniting elements be positioned adjacent the fuel delivery nozzles of nosepiece l7.
  • the gyration of the gases is preserved by the rounded shape of the lips on exit from the rectangular outlet.
  • a burner as above described is so positioned that the plane passing through the burner axis and the major axis of the recantgular outlet lies close to a wall to be heated, the recirculation phenomena at the centre of the flame improve the Coanda effect and the flame flattens against the wall and in so doing generates an ovalshaped heating zone of large size at high temperature.
  • a burner of this kind is particularly well-suited for heating a furnace wall at any regime, for converting the same into a radiant wall to permit direct heating of products placed in the furnace, and even for the external heating of a gastight bell wall beneath which the products to be treated are placed in a recirculating atmosphere gas, whereby the wall facing the bell is protected against the hot spot" effects which ordinary burners inflict upon it.
  • a fluid-fuel burner characterized by the fact that it comprises an annular air injection system which imparts a forced rotation to the oxidant and within which is disposed a member for delivering fuel so metered and distributed as to ensure rapid combustion, said injection system being positioned at the inlet to a tunnel consisting of a divergent section followed by a cylindrical section of length included between 0.5 and 1 times the tunnel diameter, said cylindrical portion being in turn followed by a passage of evolutive section at least one-half of which has walls converging up to an outlet formed by a pseudo-rectangular slit at least one of the smaller sides of which is joined to the corresponding tunnel surface by a convex rounded portion.
  • a burner according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that it comprises an air distributor having a thick wall embodying a ring of holes which are equidistant from the burner axis but run at an angle to the direction thereof;
  • a burner according to calim 1 characterized by the fact that said fuel supply member is formed by a centrally positioned distribution nose provided with end longitudinally disposed nozzles and divergent radial nozzles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
US00203955A 1970-12-16 1971-12-02 Fluid-fuel burners Expired - Lifetime US3758263A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7045328A FR2118276A5 (de) 1970-12-16 1970-12-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3758263A true US3758263A (en) 1973-09-11

Family

ID=9065873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00203955A Expired - Lifetime US3758263A (en) 1970-12-16 1971-12-02 Fluid-fuel burners

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3758263A (de)
BE (1) BE775399A (de)
ES (1) ES402825A3 (de)
FR (1) FR2118276A5 (de)
IT (1) IT941251B (de)
NL (1) NL152349B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7175423B1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2007-02-13 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Air staged low-NOx burner
US20100227284A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2010-09-09 Tenova S.P.A. Flat-flame vault burner with low polluting emissions
US20130071796A1 (en) * 2011-03-10 2013-03-21 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Oxy-Fuel Burner Arrangement

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3067658D1 (en) * 1980-12-12 1984-05-30 Volvo Flygmotor Ab High-temperature burner

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR901222A (fr) * 1943-03-01 1945-07-20 Rohrenwerke A G Deutsche Brûleur immergé
US3612737A (en) * 1968-11-27 1971-10-12 Sulzer Ag Turbulence muffle burner
US3671172A (en) * 1969-03-28 1972-06-20 Midland Ross Corp Multifuel burner

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR901222A (fr) * 1943-03-01 1945-07-20 Rohrenwerke A G Deutsche Brûleur immergé
US3612737A (en) * 1968-11-27 1971-10-12 Sulzer Ag Turbulence muffle burner
US3671172A (en) * 1969-03-28 1972-06-20 Midland Ross Corp Multifuel burner

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7175423B1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2007-02-13 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Air staged low-NOx burner
US20100227284A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2010-09-09 Tenova S.P.A. Flat-flame vault burner with low polluting emissions
US8480394B2 (en) * 2006-01-31 2013-07-09 Tenova S.P.A. Flat-flame vault burner with low polluting emissions
US20130071796A1 (en) * 2011-03-10 2013-03-21 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Oxy-Fuel Burner Arrangement
CN103649640A (zh) * 2011-03-10 2014-03-19 气体产品与化学公司 氧-燃料喷燃器组件
US9206979B2 (en) * 2011-03-10 2015-12-08 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Oxy-fuel burner arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT941251B (it) 1973-03-01
FR2118276A5 (de) 1972-07-28
BE775399A (fr) 1972-03-16
NL152349B (nl) 1977-02-15
ES402825A3 (es) 1975-04-16
NL7117099A (de) 1972-06-20

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