US3752634A - Burner - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3752634A
US3752634A US00172066A US3752634DA US3752634A US 3752634 A US3752634 A US 3752634A US 00172066 A US00172066 A US 00172066A US 3752634D A US3752634D A US 3752634DA US 3752634 A US3752634 A US 3752634A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
fuel
central passage
burner
inlet means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00172066A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
T Imatake
K Washimi
H Nishikawa
A Kawaguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kureha Corp
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Kureha Corp
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP7189970A external-priority patent/JPS5036301B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP8176470A external-priority patent/JPS5210815B1/ja
Application filed by Kureha Corp, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Kureha Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3752634A publication Critical patent/US3752634A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner, in which burning air given the power of rotation and a fuel given the power of rotation are'mixed and the resulting mixture is burnt, characterized in that a step part for mixing air and fuel and igniting the mixture is formed of a ceramic material to improve the effect of flame maintenance.
  • a burner which is equipped with a straight air nozzle for supplying a linear air flow along the axial center of the burner and in which the ignition face is stabilized is provided.
  • the present invention relates to burner in which burning air given the power of rotation and a fuel given the power of rotation are mixed and the satisfactory combustion is carried out, and the object of the present invention is to provide a burner in which an air swirl part which gives the power of rotation to the burning air, a fuel swirl part which gives the power of rotation to the fuel, and a step part where the burning air and the fuel brown out of each of said swirl parts are mixed and ignited are arranged in turn from a terminal in a casing of the burner, and, in which said step part is formed of ceramic materials to improve the effect of flame maintenance so as to be applied to the combustion load of wide range.
  • the present invention relates to the burner in which the ignition face can be always kept at the same position and the stable combustion is accomplished, even if the combustion load varies largely.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 relates to one example of the burner according to the invention, in which the former is the longitudinal section, and the latter is the view showing the state of the flow of gas mixture in the step,
  • FIG. 3 to FIG. 8 shows other examples of burner according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is the longitudinal section
  • FIG. 4 is the view showing together the halves of the XX section and of the Y-Y section in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 is the magnified view of the VV section and the ZZ section in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 6 is the oblique view of the apparatus for controlling the amount of straight air
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are the views showing the speed distribution of air, in which FIG. 7 is the view of the speed distribution in the complete interception of straight air, and FIG. 8 is the view of the speed distribution in the appropriate control of straight air and swirl air.
  • the longitudinal section of the burner according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the cover 2 is equipped at a terminal of the casing l, and the inside of the casing 1 is divided into the air swirl part A, the fuel swirl part B, and the step part C from the cover 2 side to the direction of the axial center by the first dividing plate 3 and the second dividing plate 4.
  • said air swirl part A is constituted from an air-introducing pipe 5 for introducing the burning air and the first swirl vane 7 which serves to give the power of rotation to the introduced air and to blow said air into the mixing zone 6,
  • said fuel swirl part B is constituted from a fuelintroducing pipe 8 and the second swirl vane 9 which serves to give the power of rotation to the fuel introduced from the introducing pipe 8 and to blow said fuel into the mixing zone 6,
  • said step part C is constituted from the mixing zone 6 and the ceramic material 11 which forms the step 10.
  • an eddy flow is generated in a part of said gas mixture at the comer part a of the step 10, and this eddy flow acts as a flame maintaining part.
  • the distance in which the burning air is passed to the mixing zone 6 is long in comparison with that in which the fuel gas is passed to the mixing zone 6 and the power of rotation of fuel in the mixing zone 6 is much remained in comparison with the power of rotation of burning air, so that most of the fuel flows along the wall of the mixing zone 6, the concentration of fuel in the gas mixture increases in the side near the wall even in the step 10, consequently the eddy flow in said corner part a is a gas mixture of higher fuel component. Because of this fact, the percentage of excess air at the flame maintaining part becomes about 1, even if the percentage of excess air is large. Additionally the step I l) is constituted from the ceramic material 11, it becomes red-hot by burning, so that the combustion speed is increased, and the effect of flame maintenance becomes still more reli able.
  • the above described burner is equipped with the air swirl part which gives the power of rotation to the burning air, the fuel swirl part which gives the power of rotation to a fuel, and the step part where the burning air and fuel blown out of each of said swirl parts are mixed and ignited, in turn from a terminal in the casing of the burner, and is one in which said step part is formed of a ceramic material, the axial flow speed of the mixture of air and fuel can be increased to accomplish the stable combustion over the wide range of the percentage of excess air, and the combustion capacity can be made large, and which can be employed effectively as a burner for a heat accumulation type heat exchanger or a combustion furnace having a small burning chamber.
  • FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 are illustrated. in the following.
  • the body of the gas burner 11 l is in the shape of a cylinder which is open at one terminal and closed at the other terminal.
  • the first dividing plate 113 and the second deviding plate 114 the said plate 113 has the straight air introducing port 112, are provided at the predetermined positions.
  • the inside of the gas burner body 111 is divided into the straight air controlling part A, the swirl air blowing in part B, and the fuel gas blowing -in part C
  • said straight air controlling part A is constituted from the straight air nozzle 115 provided with the notch hole a, the control nozzle 116 provided with the notch hole b, and the rotation mechanism 117 which rotates the control nozzle 116.
  • Said swirl air blowing in part B is constituted from the air taking-in pipe 118 and the swirl vane 119 which gives the power of rotation to air.
  • said fuel gas blowing-in part C is constituted from the fuel gas takingin ring pipe 120 which is provided around the body 111, the mixing zone 121 where air and fuel gas are mixed, the ceramic material 123 composed of the step 122 which is provided at the tip of the mixing zone 121, and the fuel gas nozzle 124 which is arranged from said fuel gas takingin ring pipe 120 to said mixing zone 121 through said ceramic material.
  • said swirl vane 119 and said fuel gas nozzle 124 is, as shown in FIG. 4, provided to the tangent direction of said mixing zOne 121 so as to rotate the introduced fuel.
  • notch holes a and b are, as shown in FIG. 6, provided around said straight air nozzle 115 and the control nozzle 116, and if the control nozzle 116 is rotated as the arrow C, the sizes of the notch holes can be changed apparently.
  • the real arrow shows the progressing direction of air
  • the dotted arrow shows the progressing direction of the fuel gas in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.
  • the air fed from the exterior under a predetermined pressure flows into the air blowing-in part B from the air takingin pipe 118, most of the air is given the power of rotation by passing through the swirl vane 119 to became the swirl air, and then is blown into the mix ing zone 121. While a part of the air flowing in from the air takingin pipe 118 flows into the straight air control part A through the straight air introducing port 112 of the first dividing plate 113, and it is blown out from the inside of the straight air nozzle 1 in the mixing zone 121 through the notch hole a of the straight air nozzle 115 and the notch hole b of the control nozzle 116.
  • the fuel gas is given the power of rotation by passing through the fuel gas nozzle 124 from the fuel gas takingin ring pipe 120, and blown into the mixing zone 121.
  • the fuel gas is mixed with the swirl air and the straight air.
  • the stable combustion at the position of the step 122 is accomplished by controlling the amount of the straight air.
  • the amount of said straight air is controlled by rotating the rotation mechanism 1 17 and shifting the relative positions of the notch hole b of the control nozzle 116 and the notch hole a of the straight air nozzle 115 to change the apparent size of the notch holes.
  • the flowing-in amount of the fuel gas becomes little, the combustion becomes discontinuous and becomes very unstable combustion state. And if the flowing-in amount of the straight air is increased (that is, if the axial flow speed of the straight air is fast) and if the combustion is carried out under the condition of the weak power of rotation in the swirl air, the flame gushes out of the step 122 to cause the blowingout phenomenon.
  • the amount of the straight air is controlled by rotating the rotation mechanism 117, the axial flow speed of the straight air and the power of rotation of the swirl air can be fixed at the suitable values, the speed distribution as shown in FIG.
  • the stable combustion can be carried out with keeping the ignition face at the position of the step 122 all the time.
  • the control amount of the straight air is suitable within the range of 0-30 percent of the amount of air flowing into the air taking-in pipe 118. By controlling the amount of the straight air in this range the ignition face can be main tained at the position of the step 122 to accomplish the stable combustion, if the combustion capacity is changed in the range of -20 percent over all zone off the percentage of excess air.
  • the stable combustion can be kept with the constant mixing ratio of air and fuel, and the combustion capacity can be changed without variation of the temperature of the burning gas fixed at some valve.
  • the burner according to the second example in which burning air is given the power of rotation to be mixed with the fuel, is equipped with the step part formed of a ceramic material, the straight air nozzle for supplying the linear air flow along the axial center of the burner and the control apparatus for controlling the amount of the air introduced to the straight air nozzle, and this burner can be employed effectively as a burner for a heat accumulation type heat exchanger or a combustion furnace having a small burning chamber, because it is one which can be applied to the extensive combustion load and in which the ignition face can be always kept at the same position to accomplish the stable combustion.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned example, that is, the gas burner, but can be applied to burner burning other fuel, and the arrangement thereof can be modified without the departure from the scope thereof, and these modifications are also involved in the scope of the present invention.
  • a burner comprising a housing, a central passage in said housing, air inlet means on said housing for introducing a supply of air into said central passage, said air inlet means imparting a rotary motion to the air introduced into said central passage, fuel inlet means on said housing for introducing fuel into said central passage, said fuel inlet means being located axially downstream of said air inlet means, said fuel inlet means imparting a rotary motion to the fuel introduced into said central passage, said central passage having a portion defining an air and fuel mixing zone located axially downstream of said fuel inlet means, and means at the longitudinal downstream end of said central passage defining a concentric step formed by an increase in diameter of said central passage, said rotary moving air moving axially along said central passage to mix with said rotary moving fuel whereby the rotary moving air and fuel move axially into and through said mixing zone before exiting past said concentric step where upon the mixture is burned.
  • a burner according to claim 1 wherein said means defining said concentric step is made of ceramic mate-' rial.
  • a burner according to claim 1 further comprising control means on said burner housing located upstream of said air inlet means for introducing a supply of air directed linearly along the axial central portion of said central passage.
  • a burner according to claim 3 wherein a partition is provided between said air inlet means and said control means, and passages in said partition disposed radially outwardly of said central passage for directing air from said air inlet means to said control means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
US00172066A 1970-08-18 1971-08-16 Burner Expired - Lifetime US3752634A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7189970A JPS5036301B1 (enExample) 1970-08-18 1970-08-18
JP8176470A JPS5210815B1 (enExample) 1970-09-18 1970-09-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3752634A true US3752634A (en) 1973-08-14

Family

ID=33554248

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00172066A Expired - Lifetime US3752634A (en) 1970-08-18 1971-08-16 Burner

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3752634A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2141575C3 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2104455A5 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1320631A (enExample)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE422105B (sv) * 1978-01-20 1982-02-15 Leif Persson Anordning vid oljebrennare
DE4316474A1 (de) * 1993-05-17 1994-11-24 Abb Management Ag Vormischbrenner zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine, einer Brennkammer einer Gasturbogruppe oder Feuerungsanlage
DE10340826A1 (de) 2003-09-04 2005-03-31 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Homogene Gemischbildung durch verdrallte Einspritzung des Kraftstoffs
CN104696956B (zh) * 2015-03-09 2017-09-01 张家港市双龙氧化锌厂 一种窑炉燃烧器
WO2019173570A1 (en) 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Method and reactor for pyrolysis conversion of hydrocarbon gases

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1860987A (en) * 1926-06-23 1932-05-31 Foster Wheeler Corp Method and apparatus for burning powdered fuel
US2320575A (en) * 1941-08-22 1943-06-01 Peabody Engineering Corp Fuel burner
US3368605A (en) * 1966-02-03 1968-02-13 Zink Co John Burner assembly for lean fuel gases

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1860987A (en) * 1926-06-23 1932-05-31 Foster Wheeler Corp Method and apparatus for burning powdered fuel
US2320575A (en) * 1941-08-22 1943-06-01 Peabody Engineering Corp Fuel burner
US3368605A (en) * 1966-02-03 1968-02-13 Zink Co John Burner assembly for lean fuel gases

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2141575A1 (de) 1972-02-24
DE2141575B2 (de) 1977-06-23
DE2141575C3 (de) 1978-03-23
FR2104455A5 (enExample) 1972-04-14
GB1320631A (en) 1973-06-20

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