US3748952A - Braiding machine - Google Patents

Braiding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3748952A
US3748952A US00057719A US3748952DA US3748952A US 3748952 A US3748952 A US 3748952A US 00057719 A US00057719 A US 00057719A US 3748952D A US3748952D A US 3748952DA US 3748952 A US3748952 A US 3748952A
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Prior art keywords
braiding machine
spindle
spindles
along
strand
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US00057719A
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English (en)
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A Petzetakis
Chandri St
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C3/00—Braiding or lacing machines
    • D04C3/40—Braiding or lacing machines for making tubular braids by circulating strand supplies around braiding centre at equal distances
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C3/00—Braiding or lacing machines
    • D04C3/02—Braiding or lacing machines with spool carriers guided by track plates or by bobbin heads exclusively
    • D04C3/14—Spool carriers
    • D04C3/18—Spool carriers for vertical spools
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C3/00—Braiding or lacing machines
    • D04C3/02—Braiding or lacing machines with spool carriers guided by track plates or by bobbin heads exclusively
    • D04C3/22—Guides or track plates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C3/00—Braiding or lacing machines
    • D04C3/02—Braiding or lacing machines with spool carriers guided by track plates or by bobbin heads exclusively
    • D04C3/38—Driving-gear; Starting or stopping mechanisms

Definitions

  • the machine 7 comprises at least one guide having arcuate guide surl References (31ml faces of alternating curvature extending'about the axis UNITED STATES PATENTS along which is positioned the article to be braided.
  • My present invention relates to braiding machines and, more particularly, to apparatus for forming a braided sheath of filamentary materials around an elongated member.
  • Braiding machines have been proposed heretofore for forming a braided sheath of filamentary material, e.g. wire, thread, cord, yarn and synthetic-resin filament, about a central elongated member, i.e., a tube, pipe, cable, wire, or the like.
  • filamentary material e.g. wire, thread, cord, yarn and synthetic-resin filament
  • a number of rotating spindles each carry a spool of the filamentary material and rotate the member to be sheathed in the bread.
  • the spools sweep in opposite directions alternately about the central member and pass alternately over and under one another to thereby wind the filamentary material about the member with crossover points so that the resulting coil of the filamentary material, formed on the central member, is a braid.
  • the braid comprises a plurality of strands each of which passes over and under the other strands as they are wound about the central member.
  • strands and filamentary material both terms being intended to refer to elongated flexible elements capable of being braided into a sheath around an elongated member.
  • member when used in this sense, is intended to designate substantially any core element of elongated configuration about which it is desired to form a braid.
  • the strand is derived from a spool or bobbin, these terms being used to designate the package, consisting of a central core or sleeve, and carrying along the exterior thereof a large number of threads of the strand.
  • the expression is considered sufficiently broad to encompass yarn packages and the like which have no central core or spool, and packages from which the strand may be drawn from the center or from the exterior.
  • a number of spindles each carrying the respective spool, orbit the central member and are swung excentrically with respect to the axis of the orbit.
  • the spindles may in turn sweep along circular arcs centered upon points or axis located along a circle which, in turn, is centered upon the central member.
  • a particularly advantageous use of a braiding machine is in conjunction with an extrusion apparatus from which the elongated member, i.e., tube or cable, emerges at a relatively high rate. It is desirable to braid the outer sheath on this member at the rate at which the member emerges from the extrusion machine. With conventional systems this has not been possible.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a braiding machine for forming braided sheaths around tubes, pipes, cables, wires, and the like, which is able to form a braid with multiplecrossovers, but without the substantial disadvantages arising from the changes in kinetic energy which have hitherto characterized the operation of earlier devices.
  • a further object of the instant invention is to provide an improved braiding machine which eliminates the disadvantages enumerated above.
  • the guide surfaces surrounding the member to be braided are circular arcs of alternating concavity or direction of curvature while the feet are guided along these surfaces alternately along a convex path and a concave path around the central member to be enclosed in the sheath.
  • two sets of spools are provided to orbit the central member in opposite directions whereby one set of spools is displaced along a concave portion of the of the path (with reference to the center of the orbit), while, the spools of the other set pass along a convex path in the same region. Consequently the spools of the two sets will continuously cross over the paths of one another, producing the strand crossover points required for braiding.
  • the means for displacing the spools includes a plurality of rotatable disks or flywheels centered upon a circle coaxial with the orbit, each of the disk axis being located at the center of curvature of the respective guide surfaces so that the disks entrain the axial supports of the spools along the respective arcuate sections upon engagement of the rods or spindles in recesses formed along the peripheries of the disks.
  • the disks are displaced in substantially tangential or osculating relationship and rotate in opposite senses, while having pockets or recesses formed along their peripheries and designed to embrace the spindles.
  • the latter may carry bearings for engagement by the disks to enable the spindles to rotate freely.
  • the orbital nature of the guide path furthermore, allows large-diameter members to be surrounded -with the braid.
  • a braiding machine for forming braided sheaths upon tubes, pipes, cables, wires and the like
  • driven flywheels for forming braided sheaths upon tubes, pipes, cables, wires and the like
  • support-guide paths associated with each of the flywheels
  • a plurality of axial supports for the spools or packages of the strand each of the axial supports including a support foot or shoe engaging the guide surface and a support spindle freely rotatable in the foot and carrying the spindle.
  • the spool may consist of an internal sleeve or core carrying the package of the strand, the spindle or rod being received 'in recesses of the flywheel.
  • the axial support for the spindle created the imbalance causing much of the difficulty.
  • the axial support of the spindle is guided along its path without rotation while the spindle is permitted to rotate freely, hence imbalance cannot occur, nor are abrupt changes in kinetic energy produced. As a result, a simplified construction is obtained and operation at high speeds and with large capacity spools is possible.
  • the recesses of the flywheels engage the spindles between the guide shoes and the strand package, preferably, as close to the shoes and spindles as is possible.
  • the bearings engaged by the spindles are constituted as rotatable sleeves or rings which are mounted upon the spindles andare peripherally engaged by the disks. All of the elements at which relative rotation can occur are connected by roller bearings or ball bearings designed for low-friction operation and movement with minimum play.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical plan view of an upper portion of a guide plate of a braiding machine according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational view of one of the spindle assemblies taken in the-direction of arrow II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section taken along the line III III of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but illustrates another embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a view in the direction of arrow V showing the yarn package in elevation (partially broken away);
  • FIG. 6 is a section along the line VI VI of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view diagrammatically illustrating the guide ways of the upper plate of the system of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 8 is an elevational view of the portion of the assembly represented by arrow VIII of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is an elevational view showing another embodiment of the system of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a modified arrangement of the spindles
  • FIGS. 11 and 12. are diagrammatic views similar to FIG. 1 but illustrating other embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a detail view showing the shoe in accordance with an other aspect of the invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the braided product.
  • the present invention comprises a machine for forming a braid B about an elongated member M, here shown to be a tube emerging from an extruder E.
  • the braid B consists of four or more strands S and S wound about the member M so that each strand crosses over and under successive strands of the other set on the crossover points K.
  • the object G to be encased with the braided sheath, is surrounded by a plate 12 in which are formed a pair of guideways W and W, respectively, these guideways being formed from arcuate sections 2 of alternating curvature.
  • the guide surfaces 2 cooperate with flywheels or disks 1 which are provided along their peripheries with outwardly open recesses 9 adapted to engage the spindles.
  • the feet or shoes providing axial support for the spindles 4 are here represented at 5 and are shown to be generally rectangular with curved outer surfaces corresponding to the curvature of the surfaces 2.
  • the shoes 5 carry the spindles 4 which are freely rotatable, in accordance with the main feature of this invention, and further carry the spools 6 from which the strands are led to the sheath of braid surrounding the member G.
  • One such strand is represented for oneset of spindles at S while the oppositely moving strands are represented by the strand S.
  • the guide surface 2 of the first set of strands, represented at the top in FIG. 7, is shown to be concave in the direction of the axis A of the orbit and to have a radius of curvature R centered at C, this being the center of rotation of the upper disk 1 as well.
  • the disks come approximately into contact at their osculation points 0.
  • a shoe 5a of the first set is thus displaced by the uppermost disk 1 in the counterclockwise sense along the concave guide surface 20 which merges at 20' with a guide surface 2b along which the opposite flank of the shoe 5a is advanced by the next disk lb.
  • the guide surface 2b is of the same radius of curvature R and is shown to be located in the upper left-hand quadrant of the apparatus. However, this surface is concave away from the axis A of the orbit. Consequently, the shoe 5a is guided alternately along surfaces concave toward the axis and concave away from the axis as it orbits the member G to be encased in the braided sheath.
  • the shoes 5b of the oppositely moving set are carried along the outer edge of the oppositely rotating flywheel or disk 11; and the guide surface W thereof which is shown to have the same radius of curvature R as the remaining surfaces, but to be oppositely oriented with respect to the surface 2b.
  • the guide surface has a concavity toward the axis A and merges with the surface 20 which is concave away from the axis and is coordinated with the previously mentioned surface 20.
  • the shoes Sb will orbit the axis A and the object G in the clockwise direction, alternately carrying along the outer semicircumference of the disks 1b which rotate in the clockwise sense, but along the inner semicircumference of each disk la rotated in the counterclockwise sense.
  • the shoes 5b continuously move in the clockwise sense, as noted, whereas the shoes 5a are continuously carried in the counterclockwise sense about the axis A as they are engaged along the outer semicircumference of each counterclockwise-rotating disk 1a but along the inner semicircumference of each clockwise-rotating disk.
  • the result is a figure-eight movement of the shoes among each pair of disks and a crossover of the strands S and S in accordance with conventional braiding practices.
  • the filament package 6 comprises a spool 7 and the strand 8 which is wound thereon.
  • the strand passes upwardly and enters a tube 8 overlying the spool and affixed to the spindle or support rod 4 which is likewise tubular and from which the strand 8 is led to the object to be braided.
  • the rod 4 may also carry a removable housing or shield 4a which encloses the spool 7.
  • the spool is removably mounted on the spindle 4 to enable replacement of an empty strand package with a full one.
  • the spindle 4 is rotatably received within the shoes 5, two of which are provided in axially spaced relationship on either side of the package 6. I have found that best results are obtained when two such shoes are used and, for example, the upper shoe of each pair engages one set of arcuate guide surfaces (e.g. the guide surfaces W), while the lower set is used for engagement of the other set of guide surfaces W, the assembly being interchangeably movable in either the clockwise or counterclockwise orbit about the object.
  • the shoes may have the configuration illustrated in either FIG. 3 or FIG. 6 as will be apparent hereinafter.
  • the shoe 105 is shown to be a roller or sleeve which rotates as the assembly is led along the guide surfaces 2.
  • the latter is fixed in the inner race 10' of a ball bearing 10 whose outer race forms the roller portion of member 105 which engages the surfaces 2.
  • the shoe 5 is an ovoid rectangle as described in connection with FIG. 7 and has flanks 5 and 5", engageable with the surfaces 2.
  • the surfaces 5' and 5" have radii of curvature R equal to that of the surfaces 2 to be engaged thereby.
  • the leading and trailing edges 5" connect with the flanks 5, 5" with rounded corners to permit a smooth transition between surfaces 2 of opposite curvature.
  • the term opposite curvature as used herein, is intended to refer to the direction of curvature of surfaces of equal radii.
  • the spindle 4 carries between the package 6 and each pair of shoes 105, ball bearings 11 whose inner races are mounted upon the spindles 4 and whose outer races are engaged in the recesses 9 of the flywheels or disks 1.
  • the recesses 9 conform to the bearings 11 over a semicircle thereof.
  • the guide surfaces 2 are circular arcs with equal and constant radii of curvature R whereby only the direction of curvature varies from one guide surface to another along the orbit of the assemblies.
  • the assemblies are, therefore, guided only over a part of each rotation of the flywheel or disk 1 and are thereupon transferred to the next flywheel which moves in the opposite sense.
  • FIGS. 2 and 5 illustrate the position of the bearings 11 for a system using two pair of shoes and one pair of spindle-support shoes 5, respectively, it being understood that it is the preferred case to locate the bearings 11 engaged by the wheels 1 between the shoes and the packages.
  • vibration can be reduced to a minimum when the wheels 1 engage each spindle between a pair of shoes as is the case with both FIGS. 2 and 5, when two wheels 1 are provided on a common shaft and bracket.
  • the package 6 (FIGS. 2 and 5), or when two wheel disks are provided on a single shaft and engage the spindle between a pair of shoes (FIGS. 2 and 5).
  • Other arrangements are, however, possible as has been illustrated in FIGS. 8 10.
  • the spindle may be either rollers as illustrated in FIG. I or blocks as shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 10 also represents an embodiment wherein the filament spools 7 are provided on opposite sides of the disks alternately.
  • the filament spools 7 are provided on opposite sides of the disks alternately.
  • FIG. 9 Still another modification is represented in FIG. 9 in which the strand-carrying units 3 are located in different axial planes symmetrically with respect to a horizontal median plane between the flying wheels 1.
  • the counterclockwise-orbiting or righthand unit 3 is constituted as a lower unit and has its upper and lower shoes 5 disposed axially above the corresponding shoes of the clockwise-orbiting or left-hand unit 3.
  • the wheels 1 flank each unit 3 and engage the spindles 4 between the respective shoes and the strand packages.
  • the guide surfaces of the counterclockwise-orbiting unit are formed on plates located above the plates of the clockwise-orbiting unit in accordance'with the principles previously discussed.
  • a separate motor M may be provided for each shaft 1 of the flywheels or disks 1, in which case all of the motors are electronically synchronized or rotation at precisely the same speed.
  • a gear, timing chain or like transmission may be provided between the shafts which can then be driven by a single motor M.
  • the guide surfaces 2 can be constituted in various ways.
  • the guide surface is shown to be a slot 202 formed in the guide plate 212 and slidably receiving an oval shoe 205 which supports via a bearing 210, the spindle 4 of the system.
  • the guide surfaces may be internally engaged by a planetary strand-carrying unit 3.
  • guide disks 13 are provided with the guide surface and are coaxial with the wheels or disks 1.
  • the semi-circular collar-shaped surfaces 14 formed by these disks therefore, correspond to the guide surface 2 previously described.
  • the axial support for the spindle in this case, includes an arm 15 provided at its extremities with rollers 305 corresponding to the shoes.
  • FIG. 12 represents a similar system wherein, in place of the roller 305 the arm 15 carries arcuate guide blocks 405 of a curvature identical to that of the surface 14.
  • a braiding machine for forming a braided sheath of strands upon a generally central elongated member, said machine comprising:
  • means including a plurality of arcuate guide surfaces of alternately opposite curvature around said member and defining a guide path surrounding same;
  • a multiplicity of strand carriers each having a shoe bearing against said surfaces while being shiftable along said path and guided thereby, a spindle freely rotatable on said shoe centrally thereof and a strand package carried by said spindle for paying out a strand onto said member, said shoes being each formed as arms extending diametrically of the respective spindle and provided at opposite ends with follower elements alternately engageable with said surfaces; and a plurality of wheels arrayed about said member and provided with peripheral recesses successively engaging said spindles and r0 tatable to displace said carriers along orbits around said member and along said path and to transfer said strand carriers from wheel to wheel around said member, said spindles being received in said recesses, said surfaces being formed on disks concentric with said wheels.
  • each of said spindles is provided with a freely rotatable bearing sleeve engageable in said recesses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
US00057719A 1969-08-08 1970-07-23 Braiding machine Expired - Lifetime US3748952A (en)

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GR690040785 1969-08-08

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US (1) US3748952A (fr)
BE (1) BE754549A (fr)
CH (1) CH509448A (fr)
FR (1) FR2056621A5 (fr)
NL (1) NL7010499A (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981223A (en) * 1974-02-27 1976-09-21 W. & M. Ostermann Braiding machine
US4084479A (en) * 1975-12-23 1978-04-18 Eliseo Ratera Braiding machine
US4774871A (en) * 1986-07-04 1988-10-04 Babcock Wire Equipment Limited Braiding machines
US5931077A (en) * 1998-07-10 1999-08-03 Deyoung; Simon A. Braiding machine eyelet tube support and drive mechanism
US6209607B1 (en) 1999-02-23 2001-04-03 The Lamson & Sessions Co. Conduit-making apparatus with a multiple diameter winding drum
US6250908B1 (en) 1999-02-23 2001-06-26 The Lamson & Sessions Co. Conduit-making apparatus with a variable diameter winding drum
US6360644B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2002-03-26 American Metric Corporation Braiding machine
US6962173B1 (en) 2003-04-07 2005-11-08 Fishgrab Dewane K Wire handling tool element and method of use thereof
US8430013B1 (en) 2009-12-23 2013-04-30 Simon Arden DeYoung Braiding machine
US8511214B2 (en) 2011-04-21 2013-08-20 Aga Medical Corporation Tubular structure and method for making the same
CN110820163A (zh) * 2019-11-19 2020-02-21 东华大学 封闭式大储纱量长锭子
EA036593B1 (ru) * 2018-05-24 2020-11-26 Олег Анатольевич Мульцын Оплеточная машина для создания плетения для нарезки консистентных продуктов и способ создания плетения с ее помощью

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US412369A (en) * 1889-10-08 And marcus marx
US521019A (en) * 1894-06-05 drnek
US889311A (en) * 1906-06-27 1908-06-02 American Circular Loom Co Machine for braiding tubular fabric.
US1011632A (en) * 1910-04-01 1911-12-12 Henry Luthe Braid-machine.
US1165361A (en) * 1914-11-27 1915-12-21 Archibald Turner & Co Ltd Braiding-machine.
US1358173A (en) * 1919-09-13 1920-11-09 Nat Indicator Company Braiding-machine
US1470920A (en) * 1921-11-02 1923-10-16 Textile Engineering Company Braiding-machine carrier
US1541792A (en) * 1922-10-05 1925-06-16 James H Connolly Braiding machine
US1766683A (en) * 1929-03-16 1930-06-24 Samson Cordage Works Cord-making machine
US1989369A (en) * 1931-12-18 1935-01-29 Krenzler Emil Bobbin or braiding machine
US2019777A (en) * 1933-01-28 1935-11-05 Arthur N Cloutier Braiding machine
US2148164A (en) * 1938-03-23 1939-02-21 American Cystoscope Makers Inc Braiding machine
US3363502A (en) * 1967-04-14 1968-01-16 Textile Machine Works Braiding apparatus with means for guiding and propelling strand carriers
US3371573A (en) * 1966-09-26 1968-03-05 Koreki Yoshiaki Braiding machines
US3408894A (en) * 1967-10-02 1968-11-05 Textile Machine Works Braiding apparatus

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US412369A (en) * 1889-10-08 And marcus marx
US521019A (en) * 1894-06-05 drnek
US889311A (en) * 1906-06-27 1908-06-02 American Circular Loom Co Machine for braiding tubular fabric.
US1011632A (en) * 1910-04-01 1911-12-12 Henry Luthe Braid-machine.
US1165361A (en) * 1914-11-27 1915-12-21 Archibald Turner & Co Ltd Braiding-machine.
US1358173A (en) * 1919-09-13 1920-11-09 Nat Indicator Company Braiding-machine
US1470920A (en) * 1921-11-02 1923-10-16 Textile Engineering Company Braiding-machine carrier
US1541792A (en) * 1922-10-05 1925-06-16 James H Connolly Braiding machine
US1766683A (en) * 1929-03-16 1930-06-24 Samson Cordage Works Cord-making machine
US1989369A (en) * 1931-12-18 1935-01-29 Krenzler Emil Bobbin or braiding machine
US2019777A (en) * 1933-01-28 1935-11-05 Arthur N Cloutier Braiding machine
US2148164A (en) * 1938-03-23 1939-02-21 American Cystoscope Makers Inc Braiding machine
US3371573A (en) * 1966-09-26 1968-03-05 Koreki Yoshiaki Braiding machines
US3363502A (en) * 1967-04-14 1968-01-16 Textile Machine Works Braiding apparatus with means for guiding and propelling strand carriers
US3408894A (en) * 1967-10-02 1968-11-05 Textile Machine Works Braiding apparatus

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981223A (en) * 1974-02-27 1976-09-21 W. & M. Ostermann Braiding machine
US4084479A (en) * 1975-12-23 1978-04-18 Eliseo Ratera Braiding machine
US4774871A (en) * 1986-07-04 1988-10-04 Babcock Wire Equipment Limited Braiding machines
US5931077A (en) * 1998-07-10 1999-08-03 Deyoung; Simon A. Braiding machine eyelet tube support and drive mechanism
US6209607B1 (en) 1999-02-23 2001-04-03 The Lamson & Sessions Co. Conduit-making apparatus with a multiple diameter winding drum
US6250908B1 (en) 1999-02-23 2001-06-26 The Lamson & Sessions Co. Conduit-making apparatus with a variable diameter winding drum
US6360644B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2002-03-26 American Metric Corporation Braiding machine
US6962173B1 (en) 2003-04-07 2005-11-08 Fishgrab Dewane K Wire handling tool element and method of use thereof
US8430013B1 (en) 2009-12-23 2013-04-30 Simon Arden DeYoung Braiding machine
US8511214B2 (en) 2011-04-21 2013-08-20 Aga Medical Corporation Tubular structure and method for making the same
US8919389B2 (en) 2011-04-21 2014-12-30 Aga Medical Corporation Tubular structure and method for making the same
EA036593B1 (ru) * 2018-05-24 2020-11-26 Олег Анатольевич Мульцын Оплеточная машина для создания плетения для нарезки консистентных продуктов и способ создания плетения с ее помощью
CN110820163A (zh) * 2019-11-19 2020-02-21 东华大学 封闭式大储纱量长锭子
CN110820163B (zh) * 2019-11-19 2020-12-08 东华大学 封闭式大储纱量长锭子

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Publication number Publication date
BE754549A (fr) 1971-01-18
NL7010499A (fr) 1971-02-10
CH509448A (de) 1971-06-30
FR2056621A5 (fr) 1971-05-14

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